A high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of reaction kettle sealing, especially a kind of high-temperature high-pressure chemical reaction device. The technology includes reaction kettle, the sealing cover that its closed is provided with in reaction kettle top, the lateral wall of the outside of reaction kettle open end is horizontally fixed with second flange plate, sealing cover bottom is horizontally fixed with first flange plate, first flange plate and second flange plate are connected by bolt, first flange plate bottom is provided with inclined plane, sealing ring is arranged between reaction kettle and first flange plate, annular groove is provided in the top of second flange plate, the first flange plate bottom outside sealing cover area is fixed with the spacing cooperation's limit block with annular groove. The design is convenient to the greater sealing specific pressure that can be generated under bolt pretightening force by inclined plane self-tightening effect, significantly improve the sealing reliability under high pressure working condition and improve the comprehensive performance of sealing system, make pressure resistance capacity improve, avoid thermal stress concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of reaction vessel sealing, and in particular relates to a high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction device. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature and high-pressure microwave chemical reactors typically include autoclave reactors, continuous flow microwave reactors, and multi-cavity microwave reactors. Among them, autoclave reactors are widely used in petroleum, chemical, rubber, pesticide, dye, pharmaceutical, and food industries. They are pressure vessels used to complete processes such as sulfidation, nitration, hydrogenation, hydrocarbonation, polymerization, and condensation.

[0003] Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the sealing rings of traditional sealing structures in existing high-pressure autoclaves are prone to thermal deformation and chemical corrosion. The metal flange faces wear due to frequent opening and closing, leading to media leakage and pressure fluctuations. Dynamic sealing structures are prone to gap expansion after long-term operation, and the creep of non-elastic sealing materials in supercritical reactions will further exacerbate the risk of failure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus that facilitates improved repeatability of the reactor's sealing structure.

[0005] The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus includes a reactor. A sealing cover is provided on the top of the reactor to seal it. A second flange is horizontally fixed to the outer wall of the reactor opening. A first flange is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the sealing cover. The first flange and the second flange are connected by bolts. The top of the reactor is inclined with the outer side lower than the inner side. The bottom of the first flange has an inclined surface that fits in a wedge shape with the top of the reactor. A sealing ring is provided between the reactor and the first flange to enhance the sealing performance. An annular groove is provided on the top of the second flange. A limiting block with a clearance fit to the annular groove is fixed to the bottom of the first flange located outside the sealing cover area.

[0006] Furthermore, the sealing ring includes a first sealing ring, and a second sealing ring is fixed to both sides of the first sealing ring via connecting rings. The first sealing ring, connecting ring, and second sealing ring are all hollow structures. The diameter of the second sealing ring is smaller than that of the first sealing ring. Grooves for installing the first sealing ring, connecting ring, and second sealing ring are provided on the inclined surface at the bottom of the first flange and on the top of the reactor.

[0007] Furthermore, a sealing sheet is provided between the limiting block and the annular groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner walls of both the first and second sealing rings are provided with two elastic first support plates. The first support plates are generally arc-shaped, and the two first support plates are symmetrically distributed vertically.

[0009] Furthermore, two elastic second support plates are provided between each of the first support plates, and the second support plates are generally arc-shaped with their outer arc surfaces facing the direction of the second sealing ring.

[0010] Furthermore, several elastic support blocks are evenly arranged between the first support plates.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring have through holes on their sidewalls that communicate with the connecting ring.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention utilizes the wedge-shaped fit between the first flange and the top of the reactor to facilitate a greater sealing pressure under bolt preload through the self-tightening effect of the inclined surface, significantly improving sealing reliability under high-pressure conditions. Furthermore, by placing a sealing ring between the inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped fit between the first flange and the top of the reactor, the overall performance of the sealing system is significantly enhanced. This effectively combines the self-tightening effect of the wedge structure with the elastic compensation advantage of the sealing ring, improving pressure resistance. Finally, the clearance fit between the limiting block and the annular groove allows for axial thermal displacement compensation, avoiding thermal stress concentration; the higher the pressure, the tighter the seal, thus achieving triple sealing protection. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 3;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 4;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Connection diagram;

[0020] The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Reactor; 2. Sealing cover; 3. Sealing ring; 3.1. First sealing ring; 3.2. Connecting ring; 3.3. Second sealing ring; 4. First flange; 5. Second flange; 6. Bolt; 7. Sealing plate; 8. First support plate; 9. Second support plate; 10. Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0022] This embodiment describes a high-temperature, high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the reactor includes a reactor 1, and a sealing cover 2 is provided on the top of the reactor 1 to seal it. Both the reactor 1 and the sealing cover 2 are conventional structures of existing batch reactors. This application only optimizes the sealing structure at their connection.

[0023] A second flange 5 is horizontally fixed to the outer wall of the opening end of the reactor 1, and a first flange 4 is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the sealing cover 2. The first flange 4 and the second flange 5 are connected by bolts 6, which helps to strengthen the connection between the reactor 1 and the sealing cover 2 and prevents them from loosening or even falling off during use.

[0024] The top of the reactor 1 is inclined with a lower outer side and a higher inner side. The bottom of the first flange 4 has an inclined surface that fits in a wedge shape with the top of the reactor 1. The wedge fit between the first flange 4 and the top of the reactor 1 facilitates the generation of a larger sealing pressure under the action of bolt preload through the self-tightening effect of the inclined surface, which significantly improves the sealing reliability under high pressure conditions. Its conical guiding characteristics can automatically compensate for installation centering errors and reduce assembly difficulty. At the same time, the stress distribution of the wedge contact surface is more uniform, which can reduce local peak stress and effectively delay flange creep failure.

[0025] A sealing ring 3 is provided between the reactor 1 and the first flange 4 to enhance the sealing performance. By setting the sealing ring 3 between the first flange 4 and the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped fit at the top of the reactor 1, the overall performance of the sealing system can be significantly improved. It can effectively combine the self-tightening effect of the wedge structure and the elastic compensation advantage of the sealing ring. When the bolt 6 is pre-tightened, the radial component force generated by the wedge-shaped inclined surface will compress the sealing ring 3 to deform uniformly, forming a double sealing barrier and improving the pressure resistance.

[0026] The second flange 5 has an annular groove on its top. The bottom of the first flange 4, located outside the sealing cover 2 area, is fixed with a limiting block that is in clearance fit with the annular groove. The clearance fit between the limiting block and the annular groove allows for axial thermal displacement compensation, avoiding thermal stress concentration. When the pressure is increased, the medium pressure pushes the limiting block to expand radially and form a passive metal seal with the side wall of the annular groove. The higher the pressure, the tighter the seal, thus achieving triple sealing protection.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the sealing ring 3 includes a first sealing ring 3.1, and second sealing rings 3.3 are fixed on both sides of the first sealing ring 3.1 by connecting rings 3.2. The first sealing ring 3.1, connecting rings 3.2 and second sealing rings 3.3 are all hollow structures, and the diameter of the second sealing ring 3.3 is smaller than the diameter of the first sealing ring 3.1. This facilitates increasing the contact area with the first flange 4 and the top inclined surface of the reactor 1, resulting in better sealing. It also facilitates a diffusion-type fit between the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3. When the bolts are pre-tightened, the radial component of the wedge-shaped inclined surface causes the smaller diameter second sealing rings 3.3 on both sides to compress preferentially to form a primary seal, while the larger diameter first sealing ring 3.1 in the middle expands after a delay, performing a stepped enhanced seal on the inclined surface. This also allows the pressure of the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3 to self-balance, resulting in better sealing performance, less wear, and effectively reduced maintenance costs.

[0028] The small-sized arrangement of the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3 can reduce insertion resistance and compensate for wear through the hysteretic expansion effect of the middle first sealing ring 3.1.

[0029] The inclined surface at the bottom of the first flange 4 and the top of the reactor 1 are provided with grooves for installing the first sealing ring 3.1, the connecting ring 3.2 and the second sealing ring 3.3. The groove structure can precisely limit the compression ratio of the first sealing ring 3.1, the connecting ring 3.2 and the second sealing ring 3.3, avoiding permanent deformation caused by excessive compression and preventing them from falling off.

[0030] A sealing sheet 7 is provided between the limiting block and the annular groove. The sealing sheet 7 in the annular groove can significantly improve the reliability and adaptability of the seal. The elastic deformation of the sealing sheet 7 can effectively fill the unevenness of the flange mating surface. When the pressure is increased, the medium pressure pushes the sealing sheet 7 to generate radial expansion and form pressure with the side wall of the annular groove to further assist the seal. Example 2

[0031] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner walls of the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3 are each provided with two elastic first support plates 8. The first support plates 8 are generally arc-shaped, and the two first support plates 8 are symmetrically distributed vertically, which helps to improve the overall strength of the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3, making them more supportive and easier to restore to their original shape, and making the sealing performance more stable when reused.

[0032] The first support plate 8 is made of 65Mn spring steel or 60Si2Mn spring steel. Example 3

[0033] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 4 As shown, two elastic second support plates 9 are provided between the first support plates 8, and the second support plates 9 are arc-shaped in general, with their outer arc surface facing the direction of the second sealing ring 3.3, which facilitates further improvement of their support and recovery effect, making them fit better with the first flange 4 and the top of the reactor 1, thus improving their sealing performance. At the same time, it makes the sealing effect more stable when the reactor is reused, reducing maintenance costs.

[0034] The second support piece 9 and the first support piece 8 are made of the same material. Example 4

[0035] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 5 As shown, several elastic support blocks 10 are evenly arranged between the first support plates 8, which facilitates better overall support for the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3 when they are compressed, and makes the first sealing ring 3.1, the second sealing ring 3.3 and their connecting ring 3.2 fit better with the first flange 4 and the top slope of the reactor 1, thereby ensuring the sealing performance. At the same time, the support blocks 10 make the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3 recover faster, increase the number of times they can be reused, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0036] The support block 10 is made of rubber or liquid silicone.

[0037] The first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3 are both provided with through holes on their side walls that communicate with the connecting ring 3.2, which facilitates the balanced distribution of pressure between the first sealing ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 3.3, avoids single-point overload, and makes them more stable when used repeatedly.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus, comprising a reaction vessel (1), wherein a sealing cap (2) is provided on the top of the reaction vessel (1) to seal it, characterized in that: The outer wall of the opening end of the reactor (1) is horizontally fixed with a second flange (5), and the bottom of the sealing cover (2) is horizontally fixed with a first flange (4). The first flange (4) and the second flange (5) are connected by bolts (6). The top of the reactor (1) is inclined with the outside lower and the inside higher. The bottom of the first flange (4) is provided with an inclined surface that fits the top of the reactor (1) in a wedge shape. A sealing ring (3) is provided between the reactor (1) and the first flange (4) to enhance the sealing performance. The top of the second flange (5) is provided with an annular groove. The bottom of the first flange (4) located outside the area of ​​the sealing cover (2) is fixed with a limiting block that fits the annular groove with a gap.

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing ring (3) includes a first sealing ring (3.1). A second sealing ring (3.3) is fixed on both the left and right sides of the first sealing ring (3.1) via a connecting ring (3.2). The first sealing ring (3.1), the connecting ring (3.2), and the second sealing ring (3.3) are all hollow structures. The diameter of the second sealing ring (3.3) is smaller than the diameter of the first sealing ring (3.1). The inclined surface at the bottom of the first flange (4) and the top of the reactor (1) are provided with grooves for installing the first sealing ring (3.1), the connecting ring (3.2), and the second sealing ring (3.3).

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing sheet (7) is provided between the limiting block and the annular groove.

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner walls of the first sealing ring (3.1) and the second sealing ring (3.3) are provided with two elastic first support plates (8). The first support plates (8) are in an arc shape, and the two first support plates (8) are symmetrically distributed vertically.

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two elastic second support plates (9) are provided between the first support plates (8), and the second support plates (9) are arc-shaped in whole, with their outer arc surface facing the direction of the second sealing ring (3.3).

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several elastic support blocks (10) are evenly arranged between the first support plates (8).

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure chemical reaction apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first sealing ring (3.1) and the second sealing ring (3.3) both have through holes on their side walls that communicate with the connecting ring (3.2).

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