Automatic clamping device for worktable of machining center

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By integrating the wedge and guide post into a single structure and using spring steel clearance fit, the problems of low efficiency and unstable positioning of traditional clamping devices are solved, achieving high-precision adaptive flexible clamping, avoiding workpiece damage, and improving the automation and safety of machining centers.

CN224475898UActive Publication Date: 2026-07-10XIANGYANG JINFENG MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL CO LTD

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office: CN · China
Patent Type: Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner: XIANGYANG JINFENG MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL CO LTD
Filing Date: 2025-06-27
Publication Date: 2026-07-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional machining center worktable clamping devices are inefficient, rely on manual tightening of bolts, take a long time for each clamping, have unstable positioning accuracy, cannot adapt to workpiece diameter or thickness, and are prone to workpiece damage, especially when machining lightweight materials, which can easily scratch the surface.

Method used

It adopts an integrated structure of wedge and guide post, and achieves precision fit through CNC grinding. The slider and spring steel are in clearance fit. The spring steel material is 65Mn. It automatically compensates for workpiece size deviation. The clamping force is automatically adjusted according to the workpiece size. The chuck adopts a 90° V-groove structure to achieve flexible contact and avoid local stress concentration.

Benefits of technology

Achieve high-precision, adaptive, flexible clamping, eliminate manual alignment deviations, avoid workpiece surface scratches, improve processing consistency and efficiency, and ensure the high reliability and safety of the machining center.

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Abstract

The utility model relates to automatic clamping device related technical field, especially processing center workstation automatic clamping device, including base, the upper surface fixed mounting of base has support, the upper surface fixed mounting of support has limit stop, the outer ring of limit stop is equipped with slider, both ends of slider all are fixedly installed and are equipped with guide post, the both ends fixed connection of guide post have inclined wedge, and the integrated structure of inclined wedge and guide post synchronous vertical movement, its lower end 45 degree guide hole is through numerical control grinding, and forms the precision cooperation with slider, and the vertical displacement is converted into the horizontal movement of slider, and the displacement accuracy is very high, eliminates the artificial centering deviation, need not manual intervention, and the slider is driven directly by the downward pressure of inclined wedge, drives spring steel to slide along the guide pipe horizontally, and spring steel uses 65Mn material and forms clearance cooperation with guide pipe, allows the elastic displacement, can automatically compensate workpiece diameter.

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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of automatic clamping devices, and in particular to an automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of machining centers, the worktable clamping device plays a crucial role in establishing a stable machining reference platform. In high-speed cutting or precision machining scenarios, the device uses a multi-directional symmetrical clamping structure to evenly distribute clamping force, effectively resisting the risk of positional displacement caused by dynamic loads such as cutting forces and centrifugal forces. This ensures millimeter-level positioning accuracy between the workpiece coordinate system and the machine tool coordinate system. This precise clamping stability not only provides physical support for high-precision machining such as aerospace complex surface machining and optical lens precision grinding, but also builds a safety protection system for the machining process. It fundamentally avoids production accidents such as tool breakage and machine tool collisions caused by workpiece movement, significantly improving the reliability and machining efficiency of automated machining systems.

[0003] Traditional clamping devices have revealed many shortcomings in modern precision machining. They are inefficient, relying on manual tightening of bolts and levers to achieve clamping. Each clamping operation is time-consuming and requires repeated calibration and alignment. The positioning accuracy is unstable. Manual operation is affected by subjective factors such as visual errors and uneven force application. Furthermore, they cannot adapt to the diameter or thickness of the workpiece, requiring frequent replacement of shims or adjustment of limits, resulting in poor machining consistency and a high risk of workpiece damage. The rigid clamping components are in direct contact with the workpiece surface, which can easily cause surface scratches when machining lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable, in order to solve the various defects exposed by the traditional clamping devices mentioned in the background art in modern precision machining. These devices have low operating efficiency, rely on manual tightening of bolts and levers to achieve clamping, have long clamping time, require repeated calibration and alignment, have unstable positioning accuracy, and are affected by subjective factors such as visual errors and uneven force application during manual operation. Furthermore, they cannot adapt to the diameter or thickness of the workpiece, requiring frequent replacement of shims or adjustment of limits, resulting in poor machining consistency, high risk of workpiece damage, and the rigid clamping components directly contacting the workpiece surface, which can easily cause surface scratches when machining lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable, comprising a base, a bracket fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base, a limit block fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the bracket, a slider sleeved on the outer ring of the limit block, guide posts fixedly mounted through both ends of the slider, wedges fixedly connected to both ends of the guide posts, a spring steel fixedly mounted on the left side surface of the slider, a guide tube sleeved on the outer ring of the spring steel, a claw fixedly connected to the front end of the spring steel, a worktable fixedly connected to the upper end of the wedge, the worktable and the bracket connected by a return spring, a guide rail fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base, a slide fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide rail, a base plate provided on the upper end of the slide, and an electrical cabinet fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate.

[0006] Preferably, a spindle box is provided at the front end of the electrical cabinet, the electrical cabinet and the spindle box are connected to the column via a threaded rod, and a controller is fixedly installed on the front surface of the electrical cabinet.

[0007] Preferably, the lower end of the electrical cabinet is provided with a tool changing arm, and the left side of the electrical cabinet is connected to the magnetic chuck via a connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, a tool magazine is fixedly installed at the left end of the electrical cabinet, and a robotic arm is fixedly installed at the left front end of the tool magazine.

[0009] Preferably, a drive motor is provided on the upper surface of the base, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a belt through a synchronous pulley. The belt is connected to the output end of a reducer through another set of synchronous pulleys. The other output end of the reducer is connected to the threaded rod through a coupling. Nuts are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of the slide and the base plate, and the nuts are precisely matched with the threaded rod.

[0010] Preferably, the 45° inclined surface of the slider is machined with a 45° inclined guide hole that mates with the guide post.

[0011] Preferably, the spring steel is made of 65Mn spring steel, and the inner wall of the guide tube is smooth and has a clearance fit with the spring steel.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable, when the workpiece is pressed down by the worktable, the integrated structure of the wedge and the guide column moves vertically synchronously. The 45° guide hole at its lower end is CNC ground to form a precise fit with the slider, which linearly converts the vertical displacement into the horizontal movement of the slider in a 1:1 ratio. The displacement accuracy is very high, eliminating the deviation of manual centering from a geometric principle. This process does not require manual intervention. The sliding block is directly driven by the downward pressure of the wedge, which synchronously drives the spring steel to slide horizontally along the guide tube. The spring steel is made of 65Mn material and forms a clearance fit with the guide tube, allowing elastic displacement. It can automatically compensate for the deviation of the workpiece diameter or thickness. The front end of the spring steel is fixedly connected to the jaw. When clamping, it generates elastic deformation through its own bending or stretching, which transforms the impact load of traditional rigid clamping into flexible contact, so that the clamping force is automatically adjusted with the workpiece size. Combined with the 90° V-groove structure at the front end of the jaw, it achieves uniform distribution of contact stress, completely avoiding workpiece surface damage or deformation caused by local stress concentration, and providing a clamping solution that combines rigidity and flexibility for high-precision machining. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the drive motor and the reducer of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperative structure of the wedge and slider of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical cabinet and the tool magazine that work together in this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Bracket; 3. Limiting block; 4. Slider; 5. Guide column; 6. Wedge; 7. Spring steel; 8. Guide tube; 9. Claw; 10. Worktable; 11. Return spring; 12. Guide rail; 13. Slide table; 14. Base plate; 15. Electrical cabinet; 16. Spindle box; 17. Threaded rod; 18. Column; 19. Controller; 20. Tool changer; 21. Magnetic chuck; 22. Tool magazine; 23. Robotic arm; 24. Drive motor; 25. Belt; 26. Reducer; 27. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: an automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable, including a base 1, a bracket 2 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1, a limit block 3 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket 2, a slider 4 sleeved on the outer ring of the limit block 3, guide posts 5 fixedly installed through both ends of the slider 4, wedges 6 fixedly connected to both ends of the guide posts 5, a spring steel 7 fixedly installed on the left side surface of the slider 4, a guide tube 8 sleeved on the outer ring of the spring steel 7, a claw 9 fixedly connected to the front end of the spring steel 7, a worktable 10 fixedly connected to the upper end of the wedge 6, the worktable 10 and the bracket 2 connected by a return spring 11, a guide rail 12 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1, a slide table 13 fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide rail 12, a base plate 14 provided on the upper end of the slide table 13, and an electrical cabinet 15 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate 14.

[0020] Furthermore, a spindle box 16 is provided at the front end of the electrical cabinet 15. The electrical cabinet 15 and the spindle box 16 are connected to the column 18 through a threaded rod 17. A controller 19 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the electrical cabinet 15. The controller 19 is used to meet the requirements of different processing technologies for spindle position and power.

[0021] Furthermore, a tool changer arm 20 is provided at the lower end of the electrical cabinet 15. The left side of the electrical cabinet 15 is connected to the magnetic chuck 21 via a connecting rod. Through the setting of the tool changer arm 20, the tool can be quickly and accurately exchanged between the tool magazine 22 and the spindle, supporting the automation requirements of multi-process continuous machining in the machining center.

[0022] Furthermore, a tool magazine 22 is fixedly installed on the left end of the electrical cabinet 15, and a robot arm 23 is fixedly installed on the left front end of the tool magazine 22. Through the setting of the tool magazine 22, efficient storage and intelligent management of machining center tools are realized. The tool magazine 22 can rotate 360° through the rotating shaft. With the precise gripping function of the robot arm 23, it can quickly respond to the tool changing command issued by the controller 19 and accurately transfer the required tool to the tool changing arm 20. This integrated design enables the machining center to automatically switch between different types of tools during continuous machining.

[0023] Furthermore, a drive motor 24 is provided on the upper surface of the base 1. The output end of the drive motor 24 is connected to a belt 25 through a synchronous pulley. The belt 25 is connected to the output end of the reducer 26 through another set of synchronous pulleys. The other output end of the reducer 26 is connected to the threaded rod 17 through a coupling. Nuts 27 are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of the slide table 13 and the base plate 14. Nuts 27 are precisely engaged with the threaded rod 17. Through the setting of the threaded rod 17, the function of converting rotary motion into high-precision linear motion is realized. Nuts 27 move axially on the threaded rod 17, thereby precisely controlling the position of the connected components.

[0024] Furthermore, the 45° inclined surface of the slider 4 is machined with a 45° inclined guide hole that mates with the guide post 5. With the slider 4, when the wedge 6 moves vertically downward under the gravity of the worktable 10, the guide post 5 slides along the 45° guide hole of the slider 4, converting the vertical displacement into the horizontal displacement of the slider 4.

[0025] Furthermore, the spring steel 7 is made of 65Mn spring steel, and the inner wall of the guide tube 8 is smooth and has a clearance fit with the spring steel 7. Through the setting of the spring steel 7, the clearance fit with the guide tube 8, and the elastic deformation generated by its own bending or stretching, the clamping force is dynamically and adaptively adjusted, transforming rigid impact into flexible contact, avoiding scratches on the workpiece surface. At the same time, the elastic displacement is used to automatically compensate for workpiece size deviations and slight eccentricity and tilt, ensuring that the coaxiality error between the chuck 9 and the workpiece is very small, providing the machining center with a high-precision, adaptive, and flexible clamping function.

[0026] Working principle: First, the drive motor 24 provides power, which drives the reducer 26 through the transmission of the synchronous pulley and belt 25, transmitting the power to the threaded rod 17. When the threaded rod 17 rotates, it cooperates with the nut 27 to convert the rotational motion into linear motion, thereby driving the base plate 14, electrical cabinet 15 and upper components to move along the guide rail 12 in the X / Y / Z axis directions. The bracket 2 has a double-sided symmetrical wedge slider mechanism, which achieves high-precision flexible clamping through mechanical linkage. The bracket 2 has symmetrical guide holes on the inner side, with spring steel 7 inside and guide tube 8 outside. The guide tube 8 is fixedly connected to the bracket 2 and its inner wall is mirror-finished to provide stable horizontal sliding guidance for the spring steel 7. When the worktable 10 is pressed vertically downward by the weight of the workpiece or the driving mechanism, the symmetrically distributed wedges 6 below it move downward synchronously. The 45° guide post 5 on the side of the wedge 6 is precisely matched with the 45° inclined guide hole of the slider 4, converting the vertical displacement into the horizontal opposing movement of the slider 4 in a 1:1 ratio. The middle of the slider 4 is fixed to the tail end of the spring steel 7. When the slider moves horizontally, the spring steel 7 moves horizontally in a straight line along the inner guide hole of the bracket 2. Its front end claw 9 approaches the center area of the worktable 10. The spring steel 7 is made of 65Mn spring steel and forms a clearance fit with the guide tube 8. When the workpiece has a diameter deviation or tilt, the spring steel 7 generates elastic deformation through its own bending or stretching, transforming rigid contact into flexible clamping. The clamping force is automatically adjusted according to the workpiece size. Combined with the line contact design of the 90° V-groove at the front end of the claw 9, the contact stress is evenly distributed, completely avoiding surface scratches and local deformation of lightweight materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy. When the tool needs to be changed during the processing, the controller 19 sends a command to the tool magazine 22. Its built-in rotating shaft drives the tool magazine to rotate 360° to the target tool position. The left front end robot 23 accurately grabs the tool and moves it to the spindle box 16 through the tool changing arm 20. After the processing is completed, the reset spring 11 drives the worktable 10 and the wedge 6 to return to vertical reset. The guide column 5 drives the slider 4 to move in the opposite direction, and the spring steel 7 elastically recovers.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A bracket (2) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base (1). A limit block (3) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket (2). A slider (4) is sleeved on the outer ring of the limit block (3). Guide posts (5) are fixedly installed through both ends of the slider (4). An inclined wedge (6) is fixedly connected to both ends of the guide post (5). A spring steel (7) is fixedly installed on the left side surface of the slider (4). A guide tube (8) is sleeved on the outer ring of the spring steel (7). A claw (9) is fixedly connected to the front end of the spring steel (7). A worktable (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inclined wedge (6). The worktable (10) is connected to the bracket (2) by a reset spring (11). A guide rail (12) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base (1). A slide table (13) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide rail (12). A base plate (14) is provided on the upper end of the slide table (13). An electrical cabinet (15) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate (14).

2. The automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical cabinet (15) is provided with a spindle box (16) at the front end. The electrical cabinet (15) and the spindle box (16) are connected to the column (18) through a threaded rod (17). A controller (19) is fixedly installed on the front surface of the electrical cabinet (15).

3. The automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the electrical cabinet (15) is provided with a tool changing arm (20), and the left side of the electrical cabinet (15) is connected to the magnetic chuck (21) by a connecting rod.

4. The automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tool magazine (22) is fixedly installed on the left end of the electrical cabinet (15), and a robotic arm (23) is fixedly installed on the left front end of the tool magazine (22).

5. The automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive motor (24) is provided on the upper surface of the base (1). The output end of the drive motor (24) is connected to a belt (25) through a synchronous pulley. The belt (25) is connected to the output end of the reducer (26) through another set of synchronous pulleys. The other output end of the reducer (26) is connected to the threaded rod (17) through a coupling. Nuts (27) are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of the slide (13) and the base plate (14), and the nuts (27) are precisely matched with the threaded rod (17).

6. The automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider (4) has a 45° inclined guide hole that matches the guide post (5) on its 45° inclined surface.

7. The automatic clamping device for a machining center worktable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring steel (7) is made of 65Mn spring steel, and the inner wall of the guide tube (8) is smooth and has a clearance fit with the spring steel (7).