Multi-stage mixing based pressurized water and fertilizer system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of based on multistage mixing's pressurized water and fertilizer system, its technical scheme is: including screw conveyor, the side inlet of screw conveyor's discharge port and first stage mixing jar are connected by pipeline, the bottom discharge port of first stage mixing jar and the inlet of two stage venturi mixer are connected by pipeline, the discharge port of two stage venturi mixer and the inlet of three stage mixing jar are connected by pipeline, third electric valve and booster pump are sequentially equipped on the pipeline of the discharge port of three stage mixing jar, and booster pump is connected by pipeline with drip irrigation mechanism.The utility model has the beneficial effects that: (1) multistage mixing guarantees small dose uniformity, improves experimental sample consistency;(2) intelligent control adapts multivariable experiment, improves parameter control precision;(3) flexible structure is easy to maintain, adapts the diversity of experimental scene;(4) stable output guarantees experimental condition consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural irrigation technology, and in particular relates to a pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural experiments, the accuracy of water and fertilizer ratios, the uniformity of mixing, and the controllability of parameters directly affect the reliability and repeatability of experimental results. For example, experiments such as research on crop nutrient absorption mechanisms, fertilizer formulation screening, and irrigation system optimization require high-precision control of water and fertilizer concentrations, pH values, and application dosages, and often require processing small batches and multiple sets of samples (such as comparative experiments on different crop varieties and different growth stages).

[0003] Existing agricultural irrigation equipment is mostly designed for large-scale farmland, and has the following problems that make it difficult to adapt to experimental scenarios:

[0004] (1) The mixing system is coarse and it is difficult to achieve uniform dissolution of small doses of fertilizer (e.g., in the micronutrient solution formulation experiment, local concentration deviation is easy to occur, leading to experimental sample error).

[0005] (2) The parameters are not flexible enough. The water-fertilizer ratio and flow control of traditional equipment are mostly manual operations, which cannot accurately set multiple experimental variables (such as gradient concentration and different application frequencies). In addition, data recording depends on manual operation, resulting in large errors.

[0006] (3) Poor structural adaptability. In the experiment, it is often necessary to switch between different forms of fertilizers such as solid and liquid. The existing equipment is inconvenient to clean, which can easily cause cross-contamination of samples and affect the repeatability of the experiment.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a water and fertilizer system that is suitable for agricultural experimental scenarios and meets the requirements of small-batch, high-precision, multi-variable control and easy maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing. The technical solution includes a screw conveyor, the discharge port of which is connected to the side inlet of the first-stage mixing tank via a pipe, the bottom discharge port of the first-stage mixing tank via a pipe, the inlet of the second-stage venturi mixer via a pipe, the discharge port of the second-stage venturi mixer via a pipe, and the inlet of the third-stage mixing tank via a pipe. A third electric valve and a booster pump are sequentially installed on the pipe at the discharge port of the third-stage mixing tank, and the booster pump is connected to the drip irrigation mechanism via a pipe.

[0009] The top of the primary mixing tank is also equipped with a crushing component, and the side is also equipped with a premixing pipeline;

[0010] The feed inlet sidewall of the secondary Venturi mixer is also provided with a liquid fertilizer pipeline;

[0011] The bottom of the three-stage mixing tank is equipped with a stirring assembly;

[0012] The drip irrigation system includes several parallel drip irrigation branches;

[0013] The opening and closing of the third electric valve is controlled by the control terminal.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the premixed pipeline includes an inlet pipe, on which a third flow meter and a fourth electric valve are sequentially installed along the water flow direction. A premixed nozzle is provided at the outlet end of the inlet pipe. The third flow meter transmits the measured data to the control terminal, and the opening and closing of the fourth electric valve is controlled by the control terminal.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the crushing component includes a first motor, the drive end of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of a first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft passes through the top of the primary mixing tank to the tank body, and a number of crushing blades are fixedly provided at the other end of the first transmission shaft.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid fertilizer pipeline includes a liquid fertilizer storage tank. The bottom outlet of the liquid fertilizer storage tank is connected to a two-stage Venturi mixer via a pipeline. A transport pump, a first flow meter, and a first check valve are sequentially installed along the liquid fertilizer flow direction on the pipeline. The first flow meter transmits the measured data to a control terminal, and the start and stop of the transport pump are controlled by the control terminal.

[0017] In a more preferred embodiment, the pipe forms a 45° angle with the sidewall of the secondary Venturi mixer.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the stirring assembly includes a second motor, the drive end of which is fixedly connected to one end of a second transmission shaft. The second transmission shaft extends through the bottom of the three-stage mixing tank into the tank body, and the other end of the second transmission shaft is provided with several stirring paddles.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the drip irrigation branch includes a second check valve, a second flow meter, a drip head, and an auxiliary pipeline. The second check valve, the second flow meter, and the drip head are sequentially installed on the pipeline. The outlet end of the drip head is inserted into the soil to be irrigated. The data measured by the second flow meter is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0020] In a more preferred embodiment, a temperature and humidity sensor and a second conductivity sensor are also provided around the water outlet of the drip irrigation head, and the data measured by the temperature and humidity sensor and the second conductivity sensor are transmitted to the control terminal.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, a first electric valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the primary mixing tank and the secondary venturi mixer; a second electric valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the secondary venturi mixer and the tertiary mixing tank, and the opening and closing of the first electric valve and the second electric valve are controlled by a control terminal.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the three-stage mixing tank is equipped with a pH sensor and a first conductivity sensor, which transmit the measured data to the control terminal.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] (1) The crushing component of the primary mixing tank can finely crush small batches of solid fertilizers and premix them with the atomized water of the premixing nozzle to avoid local concentration deviations caused by uneven fertilizer particles in the experiment.

[0025] The two-stage Venturi mixer achieves efficient mixing of trace amounts of liquid fertilizer and base solution through shear effect. The 45° side feed design reduces liquid fertilizer residue and is suitable for precise mixing of small doses (such as milliliters) of nutrient solution.

[0026] The stirring components of the three-stage mixing tank perform final homogenization of the mixture, ensuring that the water and fertilizer concentrations of each experimental sample are uniform and consistent, thus reducing experimental errors.

[0027] (2) The pH sensor and conductivity sensor of the three-stage mixing tank monitor the solution parameters in real time. After the data is fed back to the control terminal, multiple experimental variables (such as gradient concentration and pH gradient) can be precisely set by adjusting the start and stop of the inlet water and liquid fertilizer delivery and the dosage, without the need for manual intervention.

[0028] The flow meter of the drip irrigation branch is linked with the soil sensor to accurately control the water and fertilizer application dosage of a single plant / pot crop (such as micro-liter precision) and record the application data in real time, providing a reliable basis for experimental analysis.

[0029] (3) The system is compact and can be adapted to laboratory or small greenhouse environments. It is also compatible with the switching between solid and liquid fertilizers. Through detachable pipelines and easy-to-clean design (such as the quick disassembly of Venturi mixer and drip head), cross-contamination of samples is avoided and the reproducibility of experiments is guaranteed.

[0030] Multiple sets of parallel drip irrigation branches can be controlled independently, supporting the simultaneous conduct of multiple sets of comparative experiments (such as parallel testing of different crops and different treatment groups), thus improving experimental efficiency.

[0031] (4) The booster pump can stably control the pressure of small flow delivery, avoid dosage deviation caused by flow fluctuation, and ensure that the treatment conditions of the same experimental samples are consistent.

[0032] The check valve design prevents solution backflow and avoids interference from pipeline residues on the next set of experiments, making it especially suitable for continuous multi-batch experiments. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Screw conveyor; 2. Primary mixing tank; 3. Secondary venturi mixer; 4. Tertiary mixing tank; 5. Liquid fertilizer storage tank; 6. Transport pump; 7. First flow meter; 8. First check valve; 9. Booster pump; 10. Inlet pipe; 11. Premixing nozzle; 12. First electric valve; 13. Second electric valve; 14. Third electric valve; 15. Second check valve; 16. Second flow meter; 17. Drip irrigation head; 18. pH sensor; 19. First conductivity sensor; 20. Temperature and humidity sensor; 21. Second conductivity sensor; 22. Fourth electric valve; 23. Third flow meter; 24. Baffle plate; 25. First motor; 26. First drive shaft; 27. Crushing blade; 28. Second motor; 29. ​​Second drive shaft; 30. Agitator. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Example

[0037] like Figure 1 The multi-stage mixing-based pressurized water and fertilizer system shown includes a screw conveyor 1. The discharge port of the screw conveyor 1 is connected to the side inlet of the primary mixing tank 2 via a pipe. The bottom discharge port of the primary mixing tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the secondary venturi mixer 3 via a pipe. The discharge port of the secondary venturi mixer 3 is connected to the inlet of the tertiary mixing tank 4 via a pipe. A third electric valve 14 and a booster pump 9 are sequentially installed on the pipe at the discharge port of the tertiary mixing tank 4. The booster pump 9 is connected to the drip irrigation mechanism via a pipe.

[0038] The top of the primary mixing tank 2 is also equipped with a crushing component, and the side is also equipped with a premixing pipeline;

[0039] The feed inlet side wall of the secondary Venturi mixer 3 is also provided with a liquid fertilizer pipeline;

[0040] The bottom of the three-stage mixing tank 4 is equipped with a stirring assembly;

[0041] The drip irrigation system includes several parallel drip irrigation branches;

[0042] The opening and closing of the third electric valve 14 is controlled by the control terminal.

[0043] Furthermore, the premixed pipeline includes an inlet pipe 10, on which a third flow meter 23 and a fourth electric valve 22 are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction. A premixed nozzle 11 is provided at the outlet end of the inlet pipe 10. The third flow meter 23 transmits the measured data to the control terminal, and the opening and closing of the fourth electric valve 22 is controlled by the control terminal.

[0044] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a first motor 25, the drive end of the first motor 25 is fixedly connected to one end of a first transmission shaft 26, the first transmission shaft 26 passes through the top of the primary mixing tank 2 to the tank body, and a plurality of crushing blades 27 are fixedly provided at the other end of the first transmission shaft 26.

[0045] Furthermore, the liquid fertilizer pipeline includes a liquid fertilizer storage tank 5, the bottom outlet of which is connected to a secondary Venturi mixer 3 via a pipeline. A transport pump 6, a first flow meter 7, and a first check valve 8 are sequentially installed along the liquid fertilizer flow direction on the pipeline. The first flow meter 7 transmits the measured data to the control terminal, and the opening and closing of the transport pump 6 is controlled by the control terminal.

[0046] Furthermore, the pipe forms a 45° angle with the sidewall of the secondary venturi mixer 3.

[0047] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a second motor 28, the drive end of the second motor 28 is fixedly connected to one end of the second transmission shaft 29, the second transmission shaft 29 passes through the bottom of the three-stage mixing tank 4 to the tank body, and the other end of the second transmission shaft 29 is provided with a plurality of stirring paddles 30.

[0048] Furthermore, the drip irrigation branch includes a second check valve 15, a second flow meter 16, a drip head 17, and an auxiliary pipeline. The second check valve 15, the second flow meter 16, and the drip head 17 are sequentially installed on the pipeline. The water outlet end of the drip head 17 is inserted into the soil to be drip irrigated. The data measured by the second flow meter 16 is transmitted to the control terminal.

[0049] Furthermore, a temperature and humidity sensor 20 and a second conductivity sensor 21 are also provided around the water outlet of the drip head 17. The data measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 20 and the second conductivity sensor 21 are transmitted to the control terminal.

[0050] Furthermore, a first electric valve 12 is provided on the connecting pipe between the primary mixing tank 2 and the secondary venturi mixer 3; a second electric valve 13 is provided on the connecting pipe between the secondary venturi mixer 3 and the tertiary mixing tank 4, and the opening and closing of the first electric valve 12 and the second electric valve 13 are controlled by a control terminal.

[0051] Furthermore, the top of the three-stage mixing tank 4 is equipped with a pH sensor 18 and a first conductivity sensor 19, which transmit the measured data to the control terminal.

[0052] The operation of the above system is as follows: the screw conveyor 1 transports the preset dose of solid fertilizer to the primary mixing tank 2, the control terminal starts the first motor 25, drives the crushing blades 27 to rotate at high speed, and crushes the solid fertilizer.

[0053] Simultaneously, the fourth electric valve 22 of the premixing pipeline opens, and the premixing nozzle 11 atomizes the water and sprays it into the tank, where it is initially mixed with the crushed fertilizer to form a primary mixture. The third flow meter 23 provides real-time feedback on the inflow rate to ensure it matches the fertilizer dosage.

[0054] The primary mixture enters the secondary Venturi mixer 3 through the first electric valve 12. The control terminal starts the transport pump 6 according to the experimental formula, and delivers the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer storage tank 5 to the side wall inlet of the Venturi mixer according to the preset dosage (45° angle design reduces liquid fertilizer residue and ensures accurate dosage).

[0055] Utilizing the Venturi effect, a shear flow is formed in the throat of the primary mixture, tearing the liquid fertilizer into droplets, thus achieving mixing with the primary mixture. The first flow meter 7 records the actual delivery volume of the liquid fertilizer and feeds it back to the terminal for dosage calibration.

[0056] The solution after secondary mixing enters the tertiary mixing tank 4 through the second electric valve 13, and the control terminal starts the second motor 28 to drive the stirring paddle 30 to stir.

[0057] The pH sensor 18 and the first conductivity sensor 19 on the top of the tank monitor solution parameters in real time: if the pH value deviates from the target range, the terminal can make fine adjustments by adjusting the inlet water (starting the fourth electric valve) or adding liquid fertilizer (transport pump); the conductivity data is used to verify whether the concentration meets the preset value and ensure the accuracy of experimental variables.

[0058] The qualified water and fertilizer solution of the three stages enters the booster pump 9 through the third electric valve 14. The terminal adjusts the pump output pressure according to the number of drip irrigation branches to ensure the flow rate of each branch is stable.

[0059] Multiple sets of parallel drip irrigation branches operate independently. The second flow meter 16 records the actual drip irrigation volume of each branch, and the second check valve 15 prevents solution backflow.

[0060] Temperature and humidity sensors 20 and second conductivity sensors 21 around the drip irrigation head 17 record soil moisture and root zone fertility in real time. The data is transmitted to the control terminal to verify the diffusion effect of water and fertilizer in the soil.

[0061] The control terminal mentioned above is either a PLC control system or a microcontroller. When the amount of data is small, a microcontroller (such as an STM32F103C8T6) can be used, and the control requirements can be met through expansion modules (such as relay modules, LCD touch screens, and memory cards). If the experimental variables are complex, long-term stable operation is required, or multiple parallel experiments are supported, a PLC (such as an S7-1214C) is more suitable, as its reliability and expandability can ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental data.

Claims

1. A pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing, comprising a screw conveyor (1), characterized in that, The discharge port of the screw conveyor (1) is connected to the side inlet of the primary mixing tank (2) through a pipe. The bottom discharge port of the primary mixing tank (2) is connected to the inlet of the secondary venturi mixer (3) through a pipe. The discharge port of the secondary venturi mixer (3) is connected to the inlet of the tertiary mixing tank (4) through a pipe. A third electric valve (14) and a booster pump (9) are installed sequentially on the pipe at the discharge port of the tertiary mixing tank (4). The booster pump (9) is connected to the drip irrigation mechanism through a pipe. The top of the primary mixing tank (2) is also equipped with a crushing component, and the side is also equipped with a premixing pipeline; The feed inlet side wall of the secondary Venturi mixer (3) is also provided with a liquid fertilizer pipeline; The bottom of the three-stage mixing tank (4) is equipped with a stirring assembly; The drip irrigation system includes several parallel drip irrigation branches; The opening and closing of the third electric valve (14) is controlled by the control terminal.

2. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The premixed pipeline includes an inlet pipe (10), on which a third flow meter (23) and a fourth electric valve (22) are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction. A premixed nozzle (11) is provided at the outlet end of the inlet pipe (10). The third flow meter (23) transmits the measured data to the control terminal, and the opening and closing of the fourth electric valve (22) is controlled by the control terminal.

3. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly includes a first motor (25), the drive end of the first motor (25) is fixedly connected to one end of the first transmission shaft (26), the first transmission shaft (26) passes through the top of the primary mixing tank (2) to the tank body, and a number of crushing blades (27) are fixedly provided at the other end of the first transmission shaft (26).

4. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid fertilizer pipeline includes a liquid fertilizer storage tank (5), and the bottom outlet of the liquid fertilizer storage tank (5) is connected to a secondary Venturi mixer (3) through a pipeline. A transport pump (6), a first flow meter (7) and a first check valve (8) are sequentially installed on the pipeline along the liquid fertilizer flow direction. The first flow meter (7) transmits the measured data to the control terminal, and the start and stop of the transport pump (6) are controlled by the control terminal.

5. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pipe is at a 45° angle to the side wall of the secondary Venturi mixer (3).

6. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes a second motor (28), the driving end of the second motor (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the second transmission shaft (29), the second transmission shaft (29) passes through the bottom of the three-stage mixing tank (4) to the tank body, and the other end of the second transmission shaft (29) is provided with several stirring paddles (30).

7. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drip irrigation branch includes a second check valve (15), a second flow meter (16), a drip head (17), and an auxiliary pipeline. The second check valve (15), the second flow meter (16), and the drip head (17) are installed sequentially on the pipeline. The outlet end of the drip head (17) is inserted into the soil to be drip irrigated. The data measured by the second flow meter (16) is transmitted to the control terminal.

8. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drip irrigation head (17) is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor (20) and a second conductivity sensor (21) around the water outlet end. The data measured by the temperature and humidity sensor (20) and the second conductivity sensor (21) are transmitted to the control terminal.

9. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first electric valve (12) is provided on the connecting pipe between the primary mixing tank (2) and the secondary venturi mixer (3); a second electric valve (13) is provided on the connecting pipe between the secondary venturi mixer (3) and the tertiary mixing tank (4). The opening and closing of the first electric valve (12) and the second electric valve (13) are controlled by a control terminal.

10. The pressurized water and fertilizer system based on multi-stage mixing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the three-stage mixing tank (4) is equipped with a pH sensor (18) and a first conductivity sensor (19). The pH sensor (18) and the first conductivity sensor (19) transmit the measured data to the control terminal.

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