Forestry system with nail type soil ditch in mountainous area with deserted zone and leech

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountain foot wasteland area zone with leech nail type soil ditch afforestation system belongs to the condition under no irrigation water source, fully utilizes the precipitation, mountain foot wasteland area zone with afforestation forest interplanting forage grass, controls water and soil loss and wind erosion, restores ecological environment to stabilize the income of herdsmen and revives the rural technical field, mainly solved the mountain foot wasteland area zone in prior art year after year towards desertification, is not favorable to keeping the snowfall of winter, increases the infiltration of rainwater, is difficult to fully utilize the precipitation to irrigate the vegetation of mountain foot wasteland, the problem of this afforestation system includes two groups of leech nail type soil ditch, and two groups of leech nail type soil ditch are alternately arranged, and each group of leech nail type soil ditch is provided with several, and each leech nail type soil ditch includes positive soil ditch and reverse soil ditch, and the end of positive soil ditch is connected with the front end of reverse soil ditch, and positive soil ditch and reverse soil ditch are divided into slow speed section and vertical section, and the inside of positive soil ditch and reverse soil ditch is provided with a plurality of anti -scouring sapling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of making full use of rainfall to plant forests and intercrop forage grasses in barren areas at the foot of mountains under conditions without irrigation water, thereby controlling soil erosion and wind erosion, restoring the ecological environment, and thus stabilizing the income of herdsmen and revitalizing the countryside. More specifically, it relates to a leech-nail-type soil ditch planting system in barren areas at the foot of mountains in pastoral areas. Background Technology

[0002] However, existing land management systems are diverse. For example, utility model patent CN204669836U relates to a barrier system for controlling soil erosion on forest slopes. This utility model includes multiple interception units, characterized in that: the interception units are staggered, each interception unit includes multiple bamboo stakes, each bamboo stake has its lower end beveled to form a pointed tip, multiple bamboo stakes are arranged side by side, and multiple bamboo stakes are connected into a sheet shape by bamboo strips of a certain thickness, each sheet-shaped interception unit is bent into an arc shape and fixed to the forest slope. Through the bamboo barrier, the intensity and kinetic energy of rainfall can be buffered, effectively reducing the runoff velocity of rainwater erosion, effectively intercepting rainwater and sediment, and playing a role in soil and water conservation; in addition, the bamboo barrier can also cause non-point source runoff pollutants to settle through interception, thereby improving purification capacity and efficiency.

[0003] While this system can control soil erosion on slopes and buffer rainfall intensity and kinetic energy, effectively intercepting rainwater and sediment, its application faces several challenges. First, in arid and water-scarce regions like Xinjiang, where evaporation is high and irrigation for pastures is impossible, the slope of the transition zone between agriculture and animal husbandry leads to rapid surface runoff from rainwater and snowmelt, causing soil compaction. Precipitation cannot infiltrate and carry away the hardened topsoil, resulting in severe soil erosion. Second, in the foothills of barren areas, spring pastures actually receive relatively little snowfall in winter. There is a lot of snow, but some of it is blown away by the wind on the windward side of the mountain, and the snow melts quickly. Other snow is piled up on the leeward side of the mountain. Thirdly, summer rains do not intercept vegetation and wash away topsoil, which is not conducive to the natural growth of vegetation. Therefore, the barren areas at the foot of the mountains are becoming desertified year by year. It is not conducive to retaining the amount of snowfall in winter and increasing the amount of rainwater infiltration. It is difficult to make full use of precipitation to irrigate the vegetation in the barren areas at the foot of the mountains. In order to avoid this phenomenon, it is necessary to design a leech nail-type soil ditch afforestation system in the barren areas at the foot of the mountains in pastoral areas. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system for barren areas at the foot of pastoral mountains, which is achieved through the following specific technical means:

[0006] The leech-nail-type soil trench planting system in the foothills of pastoral areas consists of two sets of leech-nail-type soil trenches arranged alternately. Each set of leech-nail-type soil trenches contains several trenches, each of which includes a forward trench and a reverse trench. The end of the forward trench connects to the front of the reverse trench. The forward and reverse trenches have the same structure but are opposite in direction. Both the forward and reverse trenches are divided into a slow-moving section and a vertical section. Multiple erosion-resistant saplings are planted inside the forward and reverse trenches, and these saplings are arranged at intervals along the direction of the leech-nail-type soil trenches.

[0007] Preferably, two sets of leech-nail-shaped earthen ditches are set inside the mountain, with the top of the mountain being the summit, the two sides of the mountain being the ridges, and the middle position of the top of the mountain being the ditch. Water flows from the forward earthen ditch towards the ridge, and then flows back through the reverse earthen ditch.

[0008] Preferably, the slow-moving section is inclined, with an angle of 6 degrees between the slow-moving section and the corresponding contour line, and the vertical section is vertical, with an angle of 90 degrees between the vertical section and the corresponding contour line.

[0009] Preferably, the valley triangle based on point A, the highest point of the valley, is designated as triangle ABC, and the center line of the valley triangle is designated as line AO; while lines DE are the dividing lines of the steepest and gentlest slopes, and lines F and G are the watershed lines of the surface.

[0010] Preferably, within the leech-nail-shaped trenches, the first to fifth leech-nail-shaped trenches of the two groups of triangle ABC are densely planted with erosion-resistant seedlings. In the sixth leech-nail-shaped trench, dense planting only occurs between lines F and G, with a plant spacing of five meters for all. The remaining erosion-resistant seedlings are planted with a plant spacing of ten meters.

[0011] Preferably, taking point A, the highest point of the gully, as the base, the upper part of triangle ABC above line DE has a slope, and rainwater flows towards the center line AO ​​of triangle ABC. The amount of water flowing in is large, and during heavy rain, the impact force of rainwater above line DE is large, resulting in serious soil erosion.

[0012] Preferably, the portion below line DE in the lower part of triangle ABC has no slope, so rainwater flows downwards without converging.

[0013] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0014] This invention prevents the barren areas at the foot of mountains from becoming desertified year by year. It makes full use of the terrain, with rainwater flowing along the leech-nail-shaped soil ditches, which can reduce the flow velocity of surface runoff, increase the infiltration capacity of rainwater, and effectively utilize precipitation to irrigate the vegetation in the barren areas at the foot of the mountains. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the leech-nail-type trench structure;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a dense planting pattern within a triangular trench resembling a leech nail;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water catchment direction of the spring pasture in the barren area at the foot of the mountain.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Mountain top; 2. Leech nail-shaped soil ditch; 3. Mountain gully; 4. Mountain ridge; 5. Anti-erosion seedlings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments. The present invention provides the following embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the leech-nail-type soil ditch afforestation system in the foothills of the pastoral area in this embodiment. The afforestation system in this embodiment includes two sets of leech-nail-type soil ditches 2, which are arranged alternately. The two sets of leech-nail-type soil ditches 2 are located inside the mountain. The top of the mountain is the mountain peak 1, the two sides of the mountain are the mountain ridges 4, and the middle position of the top of the mountain is the ditch 3, which is located between the two mountain peaks 1.

[0024] In this embodiment, each group of leech-nail-shaped ditches 2 is provided with several of them. Each leech-nail-shaped ditches 2 includes a forward ditch and a reverse ditch. The end of the forward ditch is connected to the front end of the reverse ditch. The forward and reverse ditches have the same structure but are opposite in direction. Both the forward and reverse ditches are divided into a slow-moving section and a vertical section. Based on point A, the highest point of the ditch 3, a 60-degree maze-like triangular planting pattern is drawn. The slow-moving section is inclined, and the angle between the slow-moving section and the corresponding contour line is 6 degrees. The vertical section is vertical, and the angle between the vertical section and the corresponding contour line is 90 degrees. When the ditch gradient is 0.5%, water flows from the forward ditch to the direction of the ridge 4 and then flows back through the reverse ditch. Due to the reduced ditch gradient, some rainwater and snowmelt will overflow from the leech-nail-shaped ditches 2 to irrigate the intercropped crops between the leech-nail-shaped ditches 2. The intercropped crops are tarmi and alfalfa.

[0025] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the triangle of gully 3 based on point A, the highest point of gully 3, is designated as triangle ABC, and the center line of triangle 3 is designated as line AO; while line DE is the dividing line between the steepest and gentlest parts of the slope, and lines F and G are the watershed lines of the surface.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, this is a structural schematic diagram of the dense planting pattern within the triangle of the leech-nail-shaped soil ditch in this embodiment. In this embodiment, multiple erosion-resistant seedlings 5 ​​are set inside the forward and reverse soil ditches. The multiple erosion-resistant seedlings 5 ​​are arranged at intervals along the direction of the leech-nail-shaped soil ditch 2. Inside the leech-nail-shaped soil ditch 2, the first to fifth leech-nail-shaped soil ditch 2 of the two groups of triangle ABC are densely planted with erosion-resistant seedlings 5. In the sixth leech-nail-shaped soil ditch 2, dense planting only occurs between lines F and G, with a plant spacing of five meters. The remaining erosion-resistant seedlings 5 ​​are planted with a plant spacing of ten meters. This planting method makes full use of the terrain, and rainwater flows along the soil ditch, which can reduce the flow velocity of surface runoff and increase the infiltration capacity of rainwater.

[0027] It is worth noting that when the number of saplings planted in the ditch is small, the forest coverage is greater than the control, but the soil moisture infiltrating in the ditch cannot be fully utilized. When the saplings are densely planted in the ditch, the vegetation coverage is large, but the saplings grow very thin and do not grow well. Moreover, it is not allowed to occupy the entire forest belt of the spring pasture. Because there is a lot of surface runoff in the ditch 3, and a lot of snow is blown by the wind and accumulates in winter, resulting in serious soil erosion, the dense planting pattern in the triangle of the leech nail-shaped ditch 2 can be adopted.

[0028] Densified planting is carried out along the triangle from line ABC to line DE, and between lines F and G in the section below line DE. The remaining section below line DE is not planted in a triangular pattern because the terrain slope becomes gentler below line DE, preventing soil erosion. The goal is to control mudslides from upstream and prevent the expansion of the flooded area. Therefore, when the leech-nail-style soil ditch 2 triangle dense planting pattern is adopted, soil erosion within the triangle is reduced, water infiltration is increased, and snowfall in winter is prevented from being blown away by the wind.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, this is a structural diagram of the water collection direction of the spring pasture in the wasteland at the foot of the mountain. In this embodiment, based on point A, the highest point of gully 3, a 60-degree triangle ABC is drawn according to the terrain conditions. The upper part of triangle ABC above line DE has a slope, and rainwater flows towards the main line AO ​​of the triangle. The amount of water flowing is large, and there are also many debris flows. During heavy rain, the area above line DE is subjected to a large impact force from the rainwater, resulting in severe soil erosion. The lower part of triangle ABC below line DE does not have a particularly gentle slope, and rainwater flows downward without converging. However, the debris flows caused by rainwater above line DE flow along the direction of line AO, mainly flooding the area below line DE. During heavy rain, the loss of topsoil still exists.

[0030] It is worth noting the characteristics of the leech-nail-style trench 2-triangle dense planting pattern. Under waterless irrigation conditions: some of the snow in winter is blown by the wind and accumulates at the roots of the seedlings, while the other part accumulates behind the seedlings. In spring, the snow accumulated in the trenches melts slowly, taking about twenty days to melt. The melting snow and ice melts slowly and the water seeps deep into the soil. After irrigating the seedlings, the soil moisture in the trenches can be maintained for about fifteen days. According to simulation experiments, the soil moisture around the roots of the seedlings can be maintained for two consecutive hot months, allowing the seedlings to safely survive the hot period.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A leech-nail-type soil trench planting system in the foothills of pastoral areas, comprising two sets of leech-nail-type soil trenches (2), the two sets of leech-nail-type soil trenches (2) being arranged alternately, each set of leech-nail-type soil trenches (2) having several trenches, each leech-nail-type soil trench (2) including a forward trench and a reverse trench, characterized in that: The end of the forward ditch is connected to the front end of the reverse ditch. The forward and reverse ditches have the same structure but are opposite in direction. Both the forward and reverse ditches are divided into a slow section and a vertical section. Multiple anti-erosion seedlings (5) are installed inside the forward and reverse ditches. The multiple anti-erosion seedlings (5) are arranged at intervals along the direction of the leech nail-type ditch (2).

2. The leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system at the foot of pastoral mountains according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of leech-nail-shaped earthen ditches (2) are set inside the mountain. The top of the mountain is the mountaintop (1), the two sides of the mountain are the ridges (4), and the middle position of the top of the mountain is the ditch (3). Water flows from the forward earthen ditch to the ridge (4) and then flows back through the reverse earthen ditch.

3. The leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system at the foot of pastoral mountains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow-moving section is inclined, with an angle of 6 degrees between it and the corresponding contour line. The vertical section is vertical, with an angle of 90 degrees between it and the corresponding contour line.

4. The leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system at the foot of pastoral mountains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valley triangle based on point A at the highest point of the valley (3) is set as triangle ABC, and the center line of the valley triangle is set as line AO; while line DE is the dividing line of the steep slope and the gentle slope, and line F and line G are the watershed lines of the surface.

5. The leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system at the foot of pastoral mountains according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the leech-nail-shaped trench (2), the first to fifth leech-nail-shaped trenches (2) of the two groups of triangle ABC are densely planted with anti-erosion seedlings (5). In the sixth leech-nail-shaped trench (2), dense planting only occurs between line F and line G, with a plant spacing of five meters. The remaining part of the anti-erosion seedlings (5) are planted with a plant spacing of ten meters.

6. The leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system at the foot of pastoral mountains according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on point A, the highest point of the gully (3), the upper part of triangle ABC above line DE has a slope. Rainwater flows towards the center line AO ​​of triangle ABC. The amount of water flowing is large. During heavy rain, the impact of rainwater above line DE is large, and soil erosion is serious.

7. The leech-nail-type soil trench afforestation system at the foot of pastoral mountains according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower part of triangle ABC, below line DE, has no slope, so rainwater flows downwards and does not converge.

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