An abdominal surgery retractor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of abdominal surgery retractor, belong to medical instrument technical field, a kind of abdominal surgery retractor, including drag hook, drag hook is used to pull abdominal tissue organ, expose surgical field;Hook holding device, with drag hook sliding connection, for adjusting and fixing the position of drag hook;Annular frame, with a plurality of hook holding device detachably connected, for the position distribution and installation of hook holding device;Universal rod assembly, with annular frame detachably connected, for adjusting and fixing the position of annular frame;Stand column assembly, stand column assembly is detachably connected with operating bed, universal rod assembly is fixedly connected with stand column assembly by connecting block component. By optimizing structure design, realize each component quick assembly, overall stable and reliable, improve frame form flexibility and intraoperative operation convenience simultaneously, avoid visual field obstruction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an abdominal surgical retractor, belonging to the field of medical device technology. Background Technology

[0002] In abdominal surgery, retractors are crucial instruments for ensuring precise surgical procedures by retracting tissues and organs to expose the surgical field. Their traditional structure typically requires assembling multiple rods into a support frame, which is then fixed to the operating table rails using a base, vertical rods, and extension rods. However, this design suffers from the following significant drawbacks in actual installation and use:

[0003] 1. The assembly process is cumbersome and inefficient. The base and vertical rod are mostly designed separately, and they need to be connected one by one when the frame is built. At the same time, the support and locking of the frame rely on multiple independent locking blocks. There are many parts and the connection relationship is complex. The assembly process requires repeated alignment and tightening, which not only prolongs the preoperative preparation time, but also increases the risk of operational errors.

[0004] 2. The overall stability is poor. Each connecting joint of the frame (such as between rods and between the frame and the supporting structure) needs to be locked individually, resulting in scattered locking points and insufficient overall rigidity. It is prone to shaking due to slight collisions or tissue traction reaction forces during surgery. Moreover, when adjusting the position of the frame, multiple joints need to be loosened and relocked simultaneously, which is a complicated operation and affects the continuity of the surgery.

[0005] 3. Poor surgical adaptability and operability: The traditional frame has a fixed configuration and is difficult to adjust flexibly to fit the annular traction shape of the abdominal cavity anatomy, which can easily cause visual obstruction. If the frame needs to be moved or the traction angle needs to be adjusted during the operation, multiple adjustment components need to be operated multiple times. The response is slow and it is not possible to quickly get close to the surgical site, which increases the operator's operation interference and may even affect the surgical process due to excessive adjustment time.

[0006] The aforementioned problems not only reduce surgical efficiency, but may also affect surgical precision due to poor visual exposure or frame wobbling, and urgently need to be addressed through structural optimization. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an abdominal surgical retractor. This invention solves the technical problems of the existing abdominal surgical retractors, such as complicated assembly, many parts, insufficient frame stability, inconvenient intraoperative adjustment, and easy obstruction of vision. By optimizing the structural design, it achieves rapid assembly of each component and overall stability and reliability. At the same time, it improves the flexibility of the frame shape and the convenience of intraoperative operation, and avoids obstruction of vision.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its existing problems is:

[0009] An abdominal surgical retractor includes a retractor used to retract abdominal tissues and organs to expose the surgical field;

[0010] A hook holding device, which is slidably connected to the hook, is used to adjust and fix the position of the hook;

[0011] A ring frame, detachably connected to multiple hook-holding devices, is used for the positional distribution and installation of the hook-holding devices;

[0012] The universal joint assembly is detachably connected to the ring frame for adjusting and fixing the position of the ring frame;

[0013] The column assembly is detachably connected to the operating table, and the universal rod assembly is fixedly connected to the column assembly via a connecting block assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the hook includes a hook body and a rack, the hook body and the rack are fixedly connected, and the rack is provided with positioning teeth.

[0015] Preferably, the hook holding device includes a hook holding device body, which includes a support block, a U-shaped groove and a base. The support block has a rack and pinion groove, and the rack and pinion groove are slidably connected. A snap-fit ​​pin adapted to the annular frame is provided in the U-shaped groove.

[0016] The support block is equipped with a button mounting base, on which a button that is compatible with the positioning teeth is mounted.

[0017] Preferably, the annular frame includes two semicircular rings arranged opposite each other and two connecting strips arranged opposite each other. Each of the two ends of the semicircular rings is provided with a third ratchet portion, and each of the two ends of the connecting strips is provided with a fourth ratchet portion. The third ratchet portion of the semicircular rings and the fourth ratchet portion of the connecting strips are engaged and connected. A locking bolt is installed between the third ratchet portion of the semicircular rings and the fourth ratchet portion of the connecting strips, and the locking bolt locks the third ratchet portion and the fourth ratchet portion.

[0018] The semicircular ring and the connecting strip are each provided with several concave teeth, which are engaged with the locking pin.

[0019] Preferably, the universal joint assembly includes a fixed clamp, a movable clamp, a diamond-shaped handle, a ball-end screw, and a locking device for fixing the position of the annular frame. The fixed clamp is fixedly connected to the ball-end screw, which includes a threaded portion. The diamond-shaped handle is threadedly connected to the threaded portion. The movable clamp is mounted on the diamond-shaped handle and is rotatably connected to the diamond-shaped handle. Rotating the diamond-shaped handle allows the movable clamp to move closer to or further away from the fixed clamp, thereby clamping or releasing the annular frame.

[0020] Preferably, the top of the column assembly is equipped with a first handle that can be lifted and rotated, and the bottom of the column assembly is equipped with a fixing seat that can be fixedly connected to the operating table.

[0021] An outer tube is provided between the first handle and the fixed base. The bottom of the outer tube is fixedly connected to the fixed base. An inner movable block and an outer movable block are installed inside the fixed base. The inner movable block is installed inside the outer movable block. The fixed base has a sliding groove. The outer movable block and the fixed base are slidably connected through the sliding groove. A first screw is provided inside the outer tube. The bottom of the first screw is threadedly connected to the inner movable block. The top of the first screw is connected to the first handle. A clamping port is located at the bottom of the fixed base. The rotation of the first screw drives the outer movable block to move up and down, which cooperates with the clamping port to fix or separate from the operating table.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] 1. The operating table is conveniently and stably fixed: The outer tube and fixing seat of the column assembly are integrated and designed with a hidden first handle. The column assembly can be quickly fixed or separated from the operating table with just one hand through the "lift-rotate-twist" linkage structure of the first handle. The screw drive, together with the coordinated action of the outer moving block and the clamping port, has strong anti-loosening ability after fixation, avoiding position displacement caused by vibration during operation and improving operation safety.

[0024] 2. Flexible and precise multi-angle adjustment: The connecting block assembly adopts a ratchet engagement and locking sleeve elastic deformation design, which can not only achieve a stable connection between the column assembly and the universal rod assembly, but also achieve multi-directional steering by adjusting the engagement angle to adapt to different surgical positions. The double ball head structure of the universal rod assembly, combined with the diamond handle and locking device, can adjust the spatial position of the ring frame 360°. After locking, there is no shaking, which can accurately avoid the surgical operation area and reduce obstruction of the field of vision.

[0025] 3. The ring frame is highly adaptable and easy to maintain: The ring frame is composed of a semi-circular ring and a connecting strip, which are combined with ratchet and locking bolts. The shape of the frame can be adjusted by loosening the bolts to adapt to different surgical field requirements. The hook device is quickly attached to the frame through a U-shaped opening and a locking pin. It is easy to disassemble. After the operation, all parts can be completely disassembled, with no dead corners for cleaning, which is convenient for high-temperature sterilization and packaging storage.

[0026] 4. Stable and convenient retractor adjustment: The retractor and holding device adopt a "positioning tooth-button" one-way locking structure. When the retractor is pulled backward, it automatically locks to prevent loosening and ensure stable exposure of the surgical field. Pressing the button releases the lock, allowing the retractor to move forward precisely. No additional tools are required for the adjustment process, improving surgical efficiency. The retractor can be placed at any position on the ring frame through the holding device. The number of holding devices and retractors can be increased and expanded as needed to obtain a good retraction effect. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a full sectional front view of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of point A in the full sectional main view of the abdominal surgical retractor column assembly of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view of point B in the full sectional main view of the abdominal surgical retractor column assembly of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a partial sectional side view of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged view of point C in a partial sectional side view of the abdominal surgical retractor column assembly of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the upper bushing of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a full sectional front view of the upper sleeve of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to this utility model.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a full sectional side view of the upper sleeve of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a full sectional view of the fixing seat of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a front view of the inner movable block of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to this utility model;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a full sectional side view of the outer movable block of the abdominal surgical retractor column assembly according to this utility model;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a front view of the outer movable block of the column assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to this utility model;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the first handle of the abdominal surgical retractor column assembly in use according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 16This is a structural diagram of the abdominal surgical retractor column assembly of this utility model after the cover plate has been removed, showing its usage state.

[0043] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the connecting block assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 18 This is a partial sectional view of the connecting block assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 19 This is a structural diagram of the universal joint assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 20 This is a partial sectional view of the universal joint assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 21 This is a partial enlarged view of point D in a partial sectional view of the universal joint assembly of an abdominal surgical retractor according to this utility model;

[0048] Figure 22 This is a structural diagram of the hook-holding device of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 23 This is a partial sectional view of the hook-holding device for an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 24 This is a structural diagram of the annular frame 4 of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 25 This is a front view of the pull hook of an abdominal surgical retractor according to the present invention.

[0052] In the picture:

[0053] 1. Column assembly; 101. First handle; 102. Outer tube; 103. Fixing base; 10301. Clamping port; 10302. Sliding groove; 104. Cover plate; 105. Handle sleeve; 10501. Handle positioning groove; 106. Force rod; 10601. Limiting shaft section; 107. Copper bushing; 108. Upper shaft sleeve; 10801. Upper shaft section; 10802. Long slotted hole; 10803. Limiting platform; 10804. Spring plunger mounting plate. Mounting hole, 10805, lower shaft section, 10806, first sliding hole, 10807, semi-waist hole, 10808, second sliding hole, 109, first screw, 10901, retaining ring pin, 1010, retaining ring, 1011, inner movable block, 101101, inner movable block threaded hole, 1012, outer movable block, 101201, upper through hole of outer movable block, 101202, outer movable block mounting groove, 101203, lower through hole of outer movable block.

[0054] 2. Connecting block assembly; 201. Second handle; 202. Handle connector; 203. First locking sleeve; 20301. First locking groove; 20302. First ratchet; 20303. First locking sleeve through hole; 204. Second locking sleeve; 20401. Second locking groove; 20402. Second locking sleeve through hole; 20403. Second ratchet; 205. Second screw; 206. Positioning pin.

[0055] 3. Universal rod assembly, 301. Fixed chuck, 302. Movable chuck, 303. Diamond handle, 304. Ball end screw, 30401. First ball end, 30402. Threaded part, 305. Third handle, 306. Ball end body, 30601. Second ball end, 307. Third screw, 308. Locking sleeve, 309. End cap, 3010. Ball end seat, 3011. Upper locking block, 3012. Lower locking block, 3013. Top block, 3014. Plug.

[0056] 4. Ring frame, 401. Semi-circular ring, 40101. Third ratchet, 402. Locking bolt, 403. Connecting strip, 40303. Fourth ratchet, 404. Concave tooth.

[0057] 5. Hook holding device; 501. Support block; 502. Rack and pinion groove; 503. U-shaped groove; 504. Base; 505. Snap-fit ​​pin; 506. Button mounting base; 507. Guide pin; 508. Button; 50801. Positioning part; 509. Pin shaft; 5010. Return spring.

[0058] 6. Hook, 601. Hook body, 602. Rack, 60201. Positioning tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0059] This specification and claims do not distinguish components by differences in name, but by differences in function. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," and "horizontal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "joined," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] like Figures 1-25An abdominal surgical retractor is shown, comprising a hook 6 for retracting abdominal tissues and organs to expose the surgical field. A hook-holding device 5 is slidably connected to the hook 6 for adjusting and fixing its position. A ring frame 4 is detachably connected to multiple hook-holding devices 5 for distributing and installing the devices. A universal joint assembly 3 is detachably connected to the ring frame 4 for adjusting and fixing its position. A column assembly 1 is detachably connected to the operating table, and the universal joint assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the column assembly 1 via a connecting block assembly 2.

[0061] like Figures 2-16 As shown, the top of the column assembly 1 is equipped with a first handle 101 that can be lifted and rotated, and the bottom of the column assembly 1 is equipped with a fixing seat 103 that can be fixedly connected to the operating table.

[0062] An outer tube 102 is provided between the first handle 101 and the fixed base 103. The bottom of the outer tube 102 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 103, and the first handle 101 is provided at the top of the outer tube 102. The fixed base 103 is equipped with an inner movable block 1011 and an outer movable block 1012. The inner movable block 1011 is provided with an inner movable block threaded hole 101101. The outer movable block 1012 includes an outer movable block upper through hole 101201, an outer movable block mounting groove 101202, and an outer movable block lower through hole 101203. The inner movable block 1011 is installed in the outer movable block mounting groove 101202 of the outer movable block 1012. The top and bottom surfaces of the inner movable block 1011 abut against the outer movable block 1012. The inner movable block 1011 adopts a structural design that is tightly embedded inside the outer movable block 1012, which effectively improves the stability of the overall connection. The inner movable block 1011 is made of copper. By utilizing the natural low coefficient of friction of copper, wear and resistance during the movement process can be significantly reduced, the service life of the component can be extended, and the smoothness of operation can be improved. The fixed base 103 has a sliding groove 10302. The outer movable block 1012 is slidably connected to the fixed base 103 through the sliding groove 10302. The outer tube 102 has a first screw 109 inside. The bottom of the first screw 109 is threadedly connected to the inner movable block threaded hole 101101 of the inner movable block 1011. Both the first screw 109 and the inner movable block threaded hole 101101 are left-hand threads. To prevent the outer movable block 1012 from moving outward, a cover plate 104 is fixedly installed on the fixed base 103 by bolts.

[0063] The top of the first screw 109 is fixedly connected to the upper bushing 108, and the top of the outer tube 102 is fixedly connected to the copper bushing 107. The upper bushing 108 and the copper bushing 107 are rotatably connected. The copper bushing 107, due to the low coefficient of friction and self-lubricating properties of copper, reduces frictional loss and resistance during relative rotation between the upper bushing 108 and the copper bushing 107, resulting in smoother rotation and extended component life. The good thermal conductivity of copper allows for rapid dissipation of heat generated by friction, preventing localized high temperatures from affecting performance stability. Furthermore, its relatively soft texture allows for slight deformation to compensate for clearances, improving connection stability and reducing shaking and abnormal noise. The first screw 109 extends into the lower through hole 101203 of the outer movable block to prevent interference between the first screw 109 and the outer movable block 1012.

[0064] The fixed base 103 is also provided with a retaining ring 1010 and a retaining ring pin 10901. The top surface of the retaining ring 1010 abuts against the bottom surface of the outer tube 102, and the bottom surface of the retaining ring 1010 abuts against the top surface of the outer movable block 1012. The retaining ring pin 10901 passes through the retaining ring 1010 and the first screw 109, thereby restricting the axial displacement of the first screw 109.

[0065] The upper shaft sleeve 108 includes an upper shaft section 10801, a first sliding hole 10806, a second sliding hole 10808, and a lower shaft section 10805. The diameter of the second sliding hole 10808 is larger than that of the first sliding hole 10806. The outer surface of the upper shaft section 10801 has an elongated hole 10802 and a semi-elongated hole 10807. Both the elongated hole 10802 and the semi-elongated hole 10807 communicate with the first sliding hole 10806 and the second sliding hole 10808, respectively. The semi-elongated hole 10805... 07 forms a top semi-waist through groove with the first sliding hole 10806. A limiting platform 10803 is provided at the connection between the elongated hole 10802 and the first sliding hole 10806 and the second sliding hole 10808. A spring plunger mounting hole 10804 is also provided on the upper shaft section 10801. The spring plunger mounting hole 10804 can be used to install the spring plunger. The spring plunger is a mature existing technology. It realizes the telescopic positioning function through spring force and mainly includes the plunger body, spring and housing.

[0066] The first handle 101 includes a handle sleeve 105 and a force-applying rod 106, which are fixedly connected. The handle sleeve 105 is slidably connected to the upper shaft section 10801. The upper part of the force-applying rod 106 is slidably connected to the first sliding hole 10806, and the lower part of the force-applying rod 106 is provided with a limiting shaft section 10601, which is slidably connected to the second sliding hole 10808. The limiting platform 10803 is used to prevent the force-applying rod 106 from disengaging from the upper shaft sleeve 108 when it moves upward. The inner surface of the handle sleeve 105 is provided with a handle positioning groove 10501, which is adapted to the spring plunger installed on the spring plunger mounting hole 10804. The spring plunger abuts against the handle positioning groove 10501 to prevent the first handle 101 from moving freely in the upper shaft sleeve 108 when it is not in use.

[0067] When it is necessary to fix or separate the abdominal surgical retractor from the operating table, hold the handle sleeve 105 and pull the first handle 101 upwards. When the limiting shaft section 10601 of the force lever 106 abuts against the limiting platform 10803, the first handle 101 will be unable to be pulled upwards any further. Figure 15 As shown, at this time, the first handle 101 is rotated 90° clockwise from the half-waist hole 10807, so that the force-adding rod 106 abuts against the bottom of the half-waist hole 10807, and the limiting shaft section 10601 of the force-adding rod 106 abuts against the top of the long waist hole 10802. At this time, the first handle 101 is rotated horizontally, which drives the first screw 109 to rotate. The clamping port 10301 is provided below the fixed seat 103. The rotation of the first screw 109 drives the inner movable block 1011 to move up and down, thereby driving the outer movable block 1012 to move up and down. The outer movable block 1012 cooperates with the clamping port 10301 to fix or separate the abdominal surgical retractor from the operating table. Because of the left-hand thread design of the first screw 109 and the threaded hole 101101 of the inner movable block, this design ingeniously optimizes the operating logic. When it is necessary to fix and lock the abdominal surgical retractor to the operating table, the first handle 101 can be rotated clockwise to apply force. When it is necessary to loosen and separate the abdominal surgical retractor from the operating table, the first handle 101 can be rotated counterclockwise to apply force. This method is in line with the human body's natural force application habits and operating intuition, greatly reducing operating fatigue and significantly improving ease of use and safety.

[0068] like Figures 17-18As shown, the connecting block assembly 2 includes a second screw 205, a first locking sleeve 203, and a second locking sleeve 204. Both the first locking sleeve 203 and the second locking sleeve 204 are sleeved on the second screw 205. The second locking sleeve 204 is fixedly connected to the second screw 205 via a positioning pin 206. The first locking sleeve 203 has a first ratchet portion 20302, and the second locking sleeve 204 has a second ratchet portion 20403. The first locking sleeve 203 and the second locking sleeve 204 are connected by the meshing of the first ratchet portion 20302 and the second ratchet portion 20403. A handle connector 202 is installed at one end of the second screw 205 near the first locking sleeve 203. The handle connector 202 is threadedly connected to the second screw 205 and abuts against the first locking sleeve 203. A second handle 201 is fixedly connected to the handle connector 202.

[0069] The first locking sleeve 203 has a first locking groove 20301 and a first locking sleeve through hole 20303, which are connected. The second locking sleeve 204 has a second locking groove 20401 and a second locking sleeve through hole 20402. When the connecting block assembly 2 is in use, the first locking sleeve 203 moves slightly to the right, and the first ratchet portion 20302 of the first locking sleeve 203 and the second ratchet portion 20403 of the second locking sleeve 204 separate. When the first locking sleeve 203 is rotated to a suitable angle position, the first locking sleeve 203 moves slightly to the left, and the first ratchet portion 20302 and the second ratchet portion 20403 re-engage. The column assembly 1 passes through the first locking sleeve through hole 20303 of the first locking sleeve 203, and the universal rod assembly 3 passes through the second locking sleeve 20402. In the second locking sleeve through hole 20402 of 4, the second handle 201 is rotated, causing the handle connector 202 to move to the left. The handle connector 202 squeezes the first locking sleeve 203 and the second locking sleeve 204. Due to the presence of the first locking groove 20301 and the second locking groove 20401, during the squeezing process, the first locking sleeve 203 and the second locking sleeve 204 are deformed by squeezing, pressing the column assembly 1 and the universal rod assembly 3 onto the connecting block assembly 2, thereby fixing the column assembly 1 and the universal rod assembly 3.

[0070] like Figures 19-21As shown, the universal joint assembly 3 includes a fixed clamp 301, a movable clamp 302, a diamond-shaped handle, a ball-end screw 304, and a locking device for fixing the position of the annular frame 4. The fixed clamp 301 is fixedly connected to the ball-end screw 304. The ball-end screw 304 includes a first ball head 30401 and a threaded portion 30402. The diamond-shaped handle 303 is threadedly connected to the threaded portion 30402. The movable clamp 302 is mounted on the diamond-shaped handle 303 and is rotatably connected to the diamond-shaped handle 303. The movable chuck 302 is provided with an extended end, which is slidably connected to both sides of the fixed chuck 301 to prevent the movable chuck 302 from rotating circumferentially. Rotating the diamond-shaped handle 303 can make the movable chuck 302 move closer to or away from the fixed chuck 301. The annular frame 4 is placed between the movable chuck 302 and the fixed chuck 301. When the movable chuck 302 moves closer to the fixed chuck 301 by rotating the diamond-shaped handle 303, the annular frame 4 is clamped. When the movable chuck 302 moves away from the fixed chuck 301, the annular frame 4 is released.

[0071] The locking device includes a third handle 305, a ball head rod 306, a third screw 307, a locking sleeve 308, a mirror-image end cap 309, and a mirror-image ball head seat 3010. The locking sleeve 308 houses an upper locking block 3011, a lower locking block 3012, a mirror-image top block 3013, and a stopper 3014. A first ball head 30401 is installed between the ball head seat 3010 and the top block 3013 on the left side, and is rotatably connected to both the ball head seat 3010 and the top block 3013. The ball head rod 306 includes a second ball head 30601, which is installed between the ball head seat 3010 and the top block 3013 on the right side, and is rotatably connected to both the ball head seat 3010 and the top block 3013. The third screw 307 is fixedly connected to the third handle 305. To prevent the third screw 307 from disengaging from the locking sleeve 308, a plug 3014 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third screw 307. The upper locking block 3011 and the lower locking block 3012 are both sleeved on the third screw 307. The upper locking block 3011 has a trapezoidal structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with a through hole in the middle. The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the third screw 307. The lower locking block 3012 has an inverted trapezoidal structure that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, with a threaded hole in the middle. The lower locking block 3012 and the third screw 307 cooperate to form a threaded connection.

[0072] The ball joint 306 has a hollow structure, which reduces the overall weight of the product while ensuring strength. When the locking device is not working, the ball joint 306 can rotate freely around the ball joint seat 3010, which can be used to adjust the angle and position of the ball joint 306. The ball screw 304 can rotate freely around the ball joint seat 3010, which can be used to adjust the angle and position of the ball screw 304. When the locking device is working, rotating the third handle 305 drives the third screw 307. During the rotation of the third screw 307, the lower locking block 3012 moves upward due to the thread side effect, while the upper locking block 3011 is pushed downward by the third screw 307. As the upper locking block 3011 and the lower locking block 3012 move towards the center, their inclined surfaces gradually come into contact with the two top blocks 3013 on the left and right. The two top blocks 3013 are squeezed to the sides, and the first ball head 30401 and the second ball head 30601 are pressed against the ball by the top blocks 3013. On the headstock 3010, the first ball head 30401 and the second ball head 30601 are fixed by pressure and friction. At this time, the ball head screw 304 and the ball head rod 306 are in a locked and fixed state. Rotating the third handle 305 in the opposite direction will release the pressure of the two top blocks 3013 on the first ball head 30401 and the second ball head 30601, and the first ball head 30401 and the second ball head 30601 can be in a free rotation state. At this time, the shape angle of the universal rod assembly 3 can be adjusted, and the universal rod assembly 3 fits the surgical site better, reducing interference with operation and space occupation.

[0073] like Figure 25 As shown, the pull hook 6 includes a pull hook body 601 and a rack 602, which are fixedly connected. The rack 602 is provided with positioning teeth 60201. The pull hook body 601 is used to pull tissue, and can be designed into any desired shape and size according to clinical needs. The rack 602 is riveted to the pull hook body 601 by a pin and laser welded. The rack 602 is elongated with a square cross-section. The positioning teeth 60201 are located on one side of the rack 602 along its length and are obliquely toothed. The pull hook 6 has a locking function when pulled in one direction.

[0074] like Figures 22-23As shown, the hook holding device 5 includes a hook holding device body, which includes a support block 501, a U-shaped groove 503, and a base 504. The support block 501 has a rack and pinion groove 502, and the rack 602 is slidably connected to the rack and pinion groove 502. The U-shaped groove 503 is provided with a locking pin 505 that is adapted to the annular frame 4. The width of the U-shaped groove 503 is greater than the thickness of the annular frame 4. After the U-shaped groove 503 is assembled with the annular frame, the locking pin 505 is a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical protrusion that can be locked with the annular frame 4 to play a stabilizing role and prevent the hook holding device 5 from lateral displacement on the annular frame 4 when subjected to force.

[0075] A button mounting base 506 is provided on the support block 501, and a button 508 adapted to the positioning tooth 60201 is mounted on the button mounting base 506. The button 508 includes a positioning part 50801, the shape of which is adapted to the positioning tooth 60201, and the positioning part 50801 is engaged in the positioning tooth 60201. The button mounting base 506 and the button 508 are rotatably connected by a pin 509. A return spring 5010 is fixedly mounted on the button mounting base 506, and a guide pin 507 is fixedly mounted on the return spring 5010. The end of the guide pin 507 abuts against the button 508. The guide pin 507 is used to guide the button 508 when it presses down on the return spring 5010, and the return spring 5010 maintains its stable shape under compression.

[0076] When it is necessary to adjust the pulling range of the hook 6, the rack 602 of the hook 6 can be pushed or pulled backward. Because the elasticity of the return spring 5010 causes the positioning part 50801 of the button 508 to be locked in the positioning tooth 60201. The positioning tooth 60201 is an oblique tooth shape, and the rack 602 will not loosen when pulled. The hook 6 can only move backward and cannot move forward, so that the hook 6 is always in a stable state when working. When it is necessary to move the hook 6 forward, the button 508 is pressed at the return spring 5010. The return spring 5010 is compressed, causing the positioning part 50801 to separate from the positioning tooth 60201. At this time, pushing the hook 6 forward can make the hook 6 move forward.

[0077] like Figure 24 As shown, the annular frame 4 includes two semicircular rings 401 arranged opposite each other and two connecting bars 403 arranged opposite each other. Both ends of the semicircular rings 401 are provided with a third ratchet portion 40101, and both ends of the connecting bars 403 are provided with a fourth ratchet portion 40303. The third ratchet portion 40101 of the semicircular rings 401 and the fourth ratchet portion 40303 of the connecting bars 403 are engaged and connected. A locking bolt 402 is installed between the third ratchet portion 40101 of the semicircular rings 401 and the fourth ratchet portion 40303 of the connecting bars 403, and the locking bolt 402 locks the third ratchet portion 40101 and the fourth ratchet portion 40303.

[0078] Both the semicircular ring 401 and the connecting strip 403 are provided with several concave teeth 404, which engage with the locking pins 505 of the hook-holding device 5. Multiple hook-holding devices 5 can be installed on the annular frame 4. The annular frame 4 can also be disassembled into separate parts for use or assembled into a circular structure. Medical personnel can loosen the locking bolts 402 to adjust the shape of the assembled annular frame 4 according to surgical needs. After surgery, the annular frame 4 can be disassembled for easy disinfection and packaging for future use.

[0079] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An abdominal surgical retractor, characterized in that: Includes a retractor (6), which is used to pull on abdominal tissues and organs to expose the surgical field; The hook holding device (5) is slidably connected to the hook (6) and is used to adjust and fix the position of the hook (6); A ring frame (4) is detachably connected to multiple hook-holding devices (5) for the positional distribution and installation of the hook-holding devices (5); The universal rod assembly (3) is detachably connected to the ring frame (4) for adjusting and fixing the position of the ring frame (4); The column assembly (1) is detachably connected to the operating table, and the universal rod assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the column assembly (1) through the connecting block assembly (2).

2. The abdominal surgical retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook (6) includes a hook body (601) and a rack (602), the hook body (601) and the rack (602) are fixedly connected, and the rack (602) is provided with positioning teeth (60201).

3. The abdominal surgical retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hook holding device (5) includes a hook holding device body, which includes a support block (501), a U-shaped groove (503) and a base (504). The support block (501) has a rack groove (502), and the rack (602) is slidably connected to the rack groove (502). The U-shaped groove (503) is provided with a locking pin (505) that is compatible with the annular frame (4). A button mounting base (506) is provided on the support block (501), and a button (508) adapted to the positioning tooth (60201) is installed on the button mounting base (506).

4. The abdominal surgical retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular frame (4) includes two semicircular rings (401) arranged opposite to each other and two connecting bars (403) arranged opposite to each other. Both ends of the semicircular rings (401) are provided with a third ratchet portion (40101), and both ends of the connecting bars (403) are provided with a fourth ratchet portion (40303). The third ratchet portion (40101) of the semicircular rings (401) and the fourth ratchet portion (40303) of the connecting bars (403) are engaged and connected. A locking bolt (402) is installed between the third ratchet portion (40101) of the semicircular rings (401) and the fourth ratchet portion (40303) of the connecting bars (403). The locking bolt (402) locks the third ratchet portion (40101) and the fourth ratchet portion (40303). The semicircular ring (401) and the connecting strip (403) are each provided with several concave teeth (404), which are engaged with the locking pin (505).

5. The abdominal surgical retractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The universal joint assembly (3) includes a fixed clamp (301), a movable clamp (302), a diamond-shaped handle (303), a ball-end screw (304), and a locking device for fixing the position of the annular frame (4). The fixed clamp (301) is fixedly connected to the ball-end screw (304). The ball-end screw (304) includes a threaded portion (30402). The diamond-shaped handle (303) is threadedly connected to the threaded portion (30402). The movable clamp (302) is mounted on the diamond-shaped handle (303). The movable clamp (302) is rotatably connected to the diamond-shaped handle (303). Rotating the diamond-shaped handle (303) can make the movable clamp (302) move closer to or away from the fixed clamp (301), thereby clamping or releasing the annular frame (4).

6. The abdominal surgical retractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The column assembly (1) is equipped with a first handle (101) that can be lifted and rotated at the top, and a fixing seat (103) that can be fixedly connected to the operating table at the bottom; An outer tube (102) is provided between the first handle (101) and the fixed base (103). The bottom of the outer tube (102) is fixedly connected to the fixed base (103). An inner movable block (1011) and an outer movable block (1012) are installed inside the fixed base (103). The inner movable block (1011) is installed inside the outer movable block (1012). The fixed base (103) has a sliding groove (10302). The outer movable block (1012) communicates with the fixed base (103). The outer tube (102) is slidably connected via a sliding groove (10302). The inner part of the outer tube (102) is provided with a first screw (109). The bottom of the first screw (109) is threadedly connected to the inner movable block (1011). The top of the first screw (109) is connected to a first handle (101). The clamping port (10301) is located below the fixed seat (103). The rotation of the first screw (109) drives the outer movable block (1012) to move up and down, and it is fixed or separated from the operating table in conjunction with the clamping port (10301).

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