Orthopedic bone removing device with liquid cooling channel and medical operation robot

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of orthopedics bone-removing device and medical operation robot of liquid cooling passage inside, orthopedics bone-removing device includes handle and the insertion portion fixed to its front end, the insertion portion is successively from outside to inside for outer tube, support inner tube and rotating shaft, the distal end of the rotating shaft is provided with abrasive head, the proximal end of the outer tube is provided with liquid inlet hole;The inside of the support inner tube is provided with the through hole of rotating shaft, and the through hole is radially provided with multiple support ribs, and the outer contour formed by support rib is cylindrical, and liquid passage between adjacent support rib;The rotating shaft is arranged in the inside of support inner tube, and both ends are stretched out, and the distal end is connected with abrasive head, and the proximal end is connected with torque input piece for providing rotary power.The utility model compared with prior art in the inside of liquid cooling passage of orthopedics bone-removing device, more simple structure is used to realize the liquid cooling of rotating shaft and abrasive head, few parts, simple to assemble, low in cost, can be used as disposable instrument, more sanitary.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of orthopedic bone removal device technology, specifically an orthopedic bone removal device and medical surgical robot with an internal liquid cooling channel. Background Technology

[0002] In bone removal surgery, the performance of the grinding head is a key factor affecting the efficiency and safety of the surgery. It needs to be rotated at high speed to cut bone tissue, which generates a lot of heat. Excessive temperature can not only damage bone tissue, but also limit the upper limit of the grinding head's rotation speed, thereby reducing the efficiency of bone removal.

[0003] In response, existing technologies have provided technical solutions for adding liquid cooling channels. Utility model patent CN219700036U, which was granted on September 19, 2023, utility model patent CN221577923U, which was granted on August 23, 2024, and invention patent CN111973249B, which was granted on January 3, 2025, all provide liquid cooling solutions for grinding heads in orthopedic surgery.

[0004] All of the above liquid cooling solutions achieve heat dissipation and cooling to a certain extent, but their structures are relatively complex and have many components, which limits the layout of liquid cooling channels. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problem of complex structures in existing orthopedic bone removal devices, this invention provides an orthopedic bone removal device with an internal liquid cooling channel. It has a simple structure, fewer parts, and can be used as a disposable instrument.

[0006] This utility model protects an orthopedic bone removal device with an internal liquid cooling channel, including a handle and an insertion part fixed to its front end. The insertion part consists of an outer tube, a supporting inner tube, and a rotating shaft from the outside to the inside. A grinding head is provided at the distal end of the rotating shaft, and a liquid inlet is provided at the proximal end of the outer tube.

[0007] The inner support tube is provided with a through hole through which the rotating shaft passes. Multiple support ribs are arranged radially around the through hole. The outer contour formed by the support ribs is cylindrical, and there is a liquid channel between adjacent support ribs.

[0008] The rotating shaft passes through the inner tube of the support, with both ends extending out. The far end is connected to the grinding head, and the near end is connected to the torque input component that provides rotational power.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting inner tube is disposed inside the fixed sleeve, and the fixed sleeve exerts an inward pressure on the supporting inner tube to fix the supporting inner tube; more specifically, the surface of the fixed sleeve is provided with multiple openings, and at least one elastic abutment piece is cut at each opening. By squeezing the elastic abutment piece to deform it inward, the abutment fixation of the supporting inner tube is completed.

[0010] Preferably, the support ribs are provided with multiple opening slots at intervals; more preferably, the opening slots on different support ribs are arranged alternately.

[0011] Preferably, the outer tube has a mounting base at its distal end, the grinding head is rotatably fixed on the mounting base and connected to the rotating shaft via a crimping tube, and the mounting base has a flow channel; more specifically, the grinding head includes a cutting head and a connecting rod, the connecting rod has a crimping groove, and the connecting rod and the crimping tube are crimped and fixed at the crimping groove; the flow channel is located on the side of the mounting base, and the side of the mounting base has at least one plane, which forms a flow channel with the outer tube.

[0012] Preferably, both the outer tube and the fixed sleeve have a positioning hole at one end near the handle for the positioning pin to pass through. After passing through the fixed sleeve and the outer tube, the positioning pin is fixed at the front end of the handle. The positioning pin has a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through.

[0013] This utility model also protects mobile phone robots that use the above-mentioned orthopedic bone removal device to perform bone removal operations.

[0014] Compared to existing orthopedic bone removers with built-in liquid cooling channels, this invention employs a simpler structure to achieve liquid cooling of the rotating shaft and grinding head. It has fewer parts, is easy to assemble, and is inexpensive. It can be used as a disposable instrument, making it more hygienic. The liquid flow channel is straight or a combination of straight and streamlined, which can also achieve a good liquid cooling effect for applications with longer insertion parts. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of an orthopedic bone removal device;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the insertion section.

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram and a partially enlarged view of the structure supporting the inner tube;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram and a partial enlarged view of the fixed sleeve structure;

[0019] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the fixed structure of the grinding head.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Outer tube; 2. Handle; 3. Supporting inner tube; 31. Supporting rib; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Positioning pin; 6. Fixing sleeve; 61. Opening; 62. Elastic contact plate; 7. Pressing tube; 8. Grinding head; 81. Cutting head; 82. Connecting rod; 83. Pressing groove; 9. Mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific versions described herein, as various adjustments and improvements can be made without altering the spirit of the invention, and certain elements can be replaced with equivalent components. For example, the components and features in each embodiment herein are actually independent and can be easily combined or separated from components in other embodiments. Furthermore, various modifications can be made depending on the actual situation, materials, processes, etc., to better achieve the objectives or functions of the invention. These modifications are all within the scope of the claims of this invention.

[0023] This invention describes an orthopedic bone remover with an internal liquid cooling channel. The orthopedic bone remover delivers the cutting section to the desired location via an insertion part, and the cutting section is driven by a drive shaft located within the insertion part to remove tissue. For some applications, such as spinal surgery, where the spine is the hardest bone in the human body, rapid removal requires a higher rotation speed for the cutting section; particularly, cervical spine surgery places higher demands on the temperature of the insertion part and the stability of the cutting section. Therefore, the technical solution disclosed in this invention includes a cooling and lubricating liquid channel within the insertion part. The flowing liquid passes through the drive shaft and the cutting section before exiting, thus ensuring the rotation speed and stability of the cutting section.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, "remote end" refers to the end furthest from the operator, and "proximal end" refers to the end closest to the operator.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] An orthopedic bone removal device with an internal liquid cooling channel, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes a handle 2 and an insertion part fixed to its front end. The insertion part consists of an outer tube 1, a supporting inner tube 3 and a rotating shaft 4 from the outside to the inside. A grinding head 8 is provided at the far end of the rotating shaft 4.

[0027] The inner support tube 3 has a through hole through which the rotating shaft 4 passes. Multiple support ribs 31 are radially arranged around the through hole. The outer contour formed by the support ribs 31 is cylindrical. Liquid channels exist between adjacent support ribs 31. (See attached image) Figure 3 The cylindrical outer contour of the support ribs ensures their support effect and facilitates installation.

[0028] The rotating shaft 4 passes through the inner support tube 3, with both ends extending out. The far end is connected to the grinding head 8, and the near end is connected to the torque input component that provides rotational power.

[0029] Since the rotating shaft 4 is a transmission shaft, those skilled in the art will know that the inner support tube 3 and the rotating shaft 4 are in a clearance fit, and the rotation of the inner support tube 3 on the rotating shaft 4 will not cause any interference. The inner support tube 3 and the outer tube 1 can be fixed in various ways, such as interference fit, clearance fit, or glue fixation.

[0030] Understandably, the grinding head 8 can be equipped with different types of cutting tools as needed, such as rotating diamond abrasive or serrated watermelon blades, to adapt to different bone removal requirements and provide a more precise and efficient operating experience. Liquid flows in from the inlet hole located near the proximal end of the outer tube 1 and flows out from the distal end, with the liquid flowing from proximal to distal. The liquid flow not only cools the rotating shaft 4 but also flows along the liquid channel across the surface of the grinding head 8.

[0031] When the grinding head 8 rotates, the continuously supplied coolant can promptly remove the generated heat, ensuring stable operation of the grinding head 8 at high speeds. Furthermore, the lubricating effect of the coolant reduces friction between the grinding head 8 and bone tissue, further improving the smoothness and efficiency of the operation; it also removes bone debris, ensuring a clean and safe operating area and preventing operational difficulties or damage to surrounding tissues due to excessive temperature or debris accumulation. Therefore, this orthopedic bone remover with an internal liquid-cooled channel not only significantly improves the thermal management of the grinding head 8 but also enhances the efficiency and safety of the bone-removing process, meeting the clinical demand for efficient, low-damage surgical tools.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, adds a fixing sleeve 6 to stabilize and support the inner tube 3. It is understood that the inner tube 3 and the fixing sleeve 6 can be fixed using an interference fit or adhesive bonding. This embodiment provides one such fixing method.

[0034] The inner support tube 3 is placed inside the fixed sleeve 6, and the fixed sleeve 6 exerts an inward pressure on the inner support tube 3 to fix the inner support tube 3.

[0035] More specifically, the compression fixing method given in this embodiment is as follows: multiple openings 61 are provided on the surface of the fixing sleeve 6, and at least one elastic abutment piece 62 is cut at each opening 61. See [link to previous document]. Figure 4 It should be noted that, Figure 4 The given opening is H-shaped, and the elastic abutment pieces 62 are two pieces arranged opposite each other, but this structure is not the only solution.

[0036] By compressing the elastic abutment piece 62 to deform it inward, the inner support tube 3 is fixed in place. Therefore, it is understood that the inner support tube 3 should be distinguished from rigid metal parts such as the outer tube, fixed sleeve, and rotating shaft. While possessing a certain supporting force, it also needs to have a certain degree of flexibility. Currently, various materials (metal alloys, polymer materials, composite materials) can be selected. In this embodiment, considering that the inner support tube is an important component constituting the liquid flow channel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with its excellent self-lubricating properties, is chosen. At the same time, rigidity is also a core advantage of PTFE, but flexibility or elasticity can be partially achieved through processing or modification to meet the needs of the application scenario of this utility model.

[0037] The outer tube 1, rotating shaft 4, and fixed sleeve 6 can all be made of materials with good mechanical properties, such as stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] Considering that the insertion part needs to have a certain degree of curvature in some scenarios, in practical applications, the rotating shaft 4 can be provided with a flexible shaft section.

[0040] To address this situation, this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, provides multiple opening slots 32 spaced apart on the support ribs 31; more preferably, the opening slots 32 on different support ribs 31 are staggered, see [reference]. Figure 3 .

[0041] When the rotating shaft 4 has a flexible shaft section, the staggered openings 32 allow the outer tube 1 to bend to a certain extent, thereby avoiding excessive external force from affecting the inner tube 3. This ensures that the inner tube 3 can maintain its original supporting function when the outer tube bends, and will not deform or be damaged due to uneven force. This design not only optimizes the stability of the structure but also improves the overall performance of the system, enabling it to better adapt to the needs of different working environments. In particular, it can still maintain good working condition under conditions of large deformation or temperature fluctuations.

[0042] On the other hand, the open groove 32 allows the flowing cooling liquid to fully contact the rotating shaft 4, thereby improving the cooling effect and effectively reducing the temperature of the rotating shaft 4, ensuring its stable operation.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] There are many ways to fix the grinding head 8. This embodiment clearly provides one method based on embodiment 1.

[0045] A mounting base 9 is provided at the far end of the outer tube 1. The grinding head 8 is rotatably fixed on the mounting base 9 (by means of bearings, etc.) and connected to the rotating shaft 4 through the pressure pipe 7. The mounting base 9 is provided with a flow channel so that the coolant can flow through the grinding head 8.

[0046] More specifically, the grinding head 8 includes a cutting head 81 and a connecting rod 82, the connecting rod 82 being provided with a pressing groove 83, see [link to documentation]. Figure 5 The connecting rod 82 and the crimping tube 7 are crimped and fixed at the crimping groove 83.

[0047] Regarding the design of the flow channel, a flow hole can be formed on the mounting base 9. To simplify the structure, in this embodiment, the flow channel is located on the side of the mounting base 9, that is, at least one plane is provided on the side of the mounting base 9. See [reference needed]. Figure 5 A flow channel is formed between the plane and the outer tube 1.

[0048] Regarding the fixing of the insertion part and the handle 2, this embodiment also provides the following solution: the outer tube 1 and the fixing sleeve 6 are both provided with positioning holes for the positioning pin 5 to pass through at the end near the handle. After the positioning pin 5 passes through the fixing sleeve 6 and the outer tube 1, it is fixed at the front end of the handle 2; the positioning pin 5 is provided with a through hole for the rotating shaft 4 to pass through.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] A medical surgical robot is disclosed, which performs bone removal operations using any one of the orthopedic bone removal devices described in Examples 1-4. The medical surgical robot can be used in conjunction with any one of the orthopedic bone removal devices described in Examples 1-4 by means of direct clamping or positioning navigation, etc. The robot system determines the surgical route and bone removal device to achieve precise operation, further improving surgical accuracy and safety.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An orthopedic bone remover with an internal liquid cooling channel, comprising a handle (2) and an insertion part fixed to its front end, characterized in that, The insertion part consists of an outer tube (1), a supporting inner tube (3), and a rotating shaft (4) from the outside to the inside. A grinding head (8) is provided at the far end of the rotating shaft (4), and a liquid inlet is provided at the near end of the outer tube (1). The inner support tube (3) is provided with a through hole through which the rotating shaft (4) passes. Multiple support ribs (31) are arranged radially around the through hole. The outer contour formed by the support ribs (31) is cylindrical. There is a liquid channel between adjacent support ribs (31). The rotating shaft (4) passes through the inside of the supporting inner tube (3), with both ends extending out. The far end is connected to the grinding head (8), and the near end is connected to the torque input component that provides rotational power.

2. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner support tube (3) is placed inside the fixed sleeve (6), and the fixed sleeve (6) exerts an inward pressure on the inner support tube (3) to fix the inner support tube (3).

3. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the fixed sleeve (6) is provided with multiple openings (61), and at least one elastic abutment piece (62) is cut at the opening (61). By squeezing the elastic abutment piece (62) to deform it inward, the abutment fixation of the supporting inner tube (3) is completed.

4. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support rib (31) is provided with a plurality of open slots (32) at intervals.

5. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 4, characterized in that: The openings (32) on different support bars (31) are staggered.

6. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer tube (1) is provided with a mounting base (9) at its far end. The grinding head (8) is rotatably fixed on the mounting base (9) and connected to the rotating shaft (4) through a pressure pipe (7). The mounting base (9) is provided with a flow channel.

7. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding head (8) includes a cutting head (81) and a connecting rod (82). The connecting rod (82) is provided with a crimping groove (83), and the connecting rod (82) and the crimping tube (7) are crimped and fixed at the crimping groove (83).

8. The orthopedic bone remover according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow passage is provided on the side of the mounting base (9), and at least one plane is provided on the side of the mounting base (9), which forms a flow passage with the outer tube (1).

9. The orthopedic bone remover according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that: The outer tube (1) and the fixed sleeve (6) are both provided with positioning holes for the positioning pin (5) to pass through at one end near the handle. After the positioning pin (5) passes through the fixed sleeve (6) and the outer tube (1), it is fixed at the front end of the handle (2). The positioning pin (5) is provided with a through hole for the rotating shaft (4) to pass through.

10. A medical surgical robot, characterized in that: The bone removal operation is performed using the orthopedic bone remover described in any one of claims 1-9.

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