A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions

Abstract

The utility model relates to petrochemical equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity low flow condition, including support plate and distribution pipe, distribution pipe is vertically worn in support plate, the top of distribution pipe is equipped with gas inlet, the segment of distribution pipe above support plate is equipped with multiple liquid inlets arranged along length direction separation, the lower end of distribution pipe is communicated with multiple capillary tubes, each capillary tube extends towards the lower of distribution pipe. When using, gas enters distribution pipe from the gas inlet at the top, liquid enters distribution pipe from liquid inlet, gas-liquid mixture material comes out from capillary tube downwards. The number of immersed liquid inlets can be adjusted by controlling the liquid level outside the distribution pipe, and the liquid flow entering the distribution pipe can be adjusted in a wide range. Capillary tubes are provided to guide the gas-liquid mixture material out, preventing the dripping material from re-converging. Compared with the prior art, the problem of uniformity of liquid distribution in a wide range of high viscosity and low flow is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical equipment technology, specifically to a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Trickle-bed reactors are commonly used in gas-liquid-solid three-phase catalytic reactors. The catalyst is typically solid and packed in the catalyst bed section of the reactor. Reactants flow through the catalyst bed in both gas and liquid phases, and they are widely used in chemical processes such as hydrogenation. Trickle-bed reactors are easier to manufacture than tubular reactors and easier to operate and maintain continuously than batch reactors, making them highly suitable for industrial applications. However, the uniformity of the distribution of gas-liquid reactants in the catalyst bed has a crucial impact on the reaction. Uneven distribution can cause flow deviation and channeling within the catalyst bed, resulting in significant differences in reactant residence time and reaction ratios. This leads to a substantial reduction in conversion and selectivity, and may even cause localized overheating due to heat accumulation.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN101279228B discloses a gas-liquid distributor for a trickle bed reactor, which mainly solves the problem of uneven gas-liquid distribution in previous trickle bed reactors, leading to uneven fluid distribution within the catalyst bed, poor trickling effect, and poor catalytic reaction efficiency. The solution employs a gas-liquid distributor consisting of a gas channel pipe and a liquid channel pipe mounted on a support plate. The gas channel pipe is composed of a conical top cover and a vertical short pipe; the liquid channel pipe is a vertical short pipe, with its upper end extending 10-100 mm above the support plate and its lower end extending 200-1000 mm below the support plate. Small holes are evenly distributed on the cross-section at different positions along the axial direction. This solution effectively solves the problem, significantly improves the reaction efficiency of the trickle bed reactor, and can be applied to various trickle bed reactors.

[0004] The specifications of the aforementioned prior art also disclose that the internal fluid distribution structure of the currently widely used trickle bed reactors in China is relatively simple, mainly employing a multi-vertical distribution plate. Perforations are opened at different cross-sectional positions on the vertical pipes, and caps are installed at the top of the vertical pipes. Gas enters the catalyst bed from the bottom of the cap through the vertical pipes, while liquid enters the vertical pipes through the openings and then into the catalyst bed. This structure is simple, but because the liquid and gas only have axial flow distribution, it is difficult to form a uniform gas-liquid distribution.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN117899754A discloses a distributor, a trickle bed reactor, and their applications. The material distributor in the provided trickle bed reactor can deliver the material to the distributor more evenly. The downcomer set on the support plate has a low opening ratio, which allows the material to flow and mix fully. The dispersion tube and dispersion plate on the lower side of the support plate can fully and evenly disperse the material onto the catalyst bed under low gas volume or even no gas phase, thereby making the reaction using the reactor have higher conversion rate and selectivity.

[0006] For high-viscosity, low-flow-rate fluids, using existing material distributors can easily lead to problems such as wall flow and channel flow after the gas-liquid mixture exits the distributor. This causes the dripping material to converge and enter the catalyst bed below, resulting in uneven contact between the material and the catalyst, which affects the reaction efficiency of the medium. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions is provided, comprising a support plate and a distribution pipe. The distribution pipe is vertically inserted through the support plate, and a gas inlet is provided at the top of the distribution pipe. The section of the distribution pipe above the support plate is provided with multiple liquid inlets arranged separately along the length direction. The characteristic is that the lower end of the distribution pipe is connected to multiple capillary tubes, and each capillary tube extends downward toward the distribution pipe.

[0010] Specifically, the distribution tube is a vertical tube, the distance between the upper end of the distribution tube and the support plate is 10-250mm, and the distance between the lower end of the distribution tube and the support plate is 30-1000mm; the inner diameter of the capillary is 0.2-5mm.

[0011] Specifically, the lower ends of the multiple capillaries have different heights.

[0012] Specifically, the distribution pipe is a single-section structure, or the distribution pipe is a segmented, detachable, multi-segment splicing structure.

[0013] Specifically, the lower end of the distribution tube is provided with a sealing plate, and the capillary tube is connected through the sealing plate and / or the side wall of the distribution tube near the sealing plate.

[0014] Specifically, the sealing plate is an arc plate, hemispherical plate, or elliptical plate with a concave inner top surface; or the sealing plate is a flat plate with a concave guide groove on the top of the plate corresponding to the position of the capillary tube.

[0015] Specifically, the top of the distribution pipe is provided with a cover plate that seals its upper port, and the gas inlet is located on the lateral sidewall of the distribution pipe near the cover plate.

[0016] Specifically, the capillary tube is a straight tube or a curved tube, and the capillary tube is a tube of equal diameter or a tube of variable diameter.

[0017] Specifically, the distribution pipe is a straight pipe with a circular, polygonal, or irregular cross-section; and / or: the diameter of the distribution pipe is uniform or varies along its length.

[0018] Specifically, the distribution pipe is provided with an exhaust port near the bottom of the support plate, and the exhaust ports are arranged in a single horizontal row or in multiple vertical rows; and / or: an air supply pipe is provided on the side of the distribution pipe, and the air supply pipe connects the upper and lower parts of the support plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This invention provides a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions. Compared with existing technologies, it solves the problem of uniform liquid distribution in high viscosity, low flow, and large adjustment range conditions.

[0021] (1) Wide range of adjustment. In use, gas enters the distribution pipe from the gas inlet at the top, and liquid above the support plate enters the distribution pipe from the liquid inlet. The gas-liquid mixture exits downwards from the capillary. The number of submerged liquid inlets can be adjusted by controlling the liquid level outside the distribution pipe, thus achieving wide range of liquid flow rate adjustment into the distribution pipe.

[0022] (2) Prevention of channeling and wall flow phenomena. For high-viscosity, low-flow-rate gas-liquid mixtures, existing technologies will cause channeling and wall flow and convergence of materials as they pass through ceramic balls. However, this invention uses capillary tubes to discharge the gas-liquid mixture, which avoids the dripping material from converging again, allowing the discharged material to directly contact the catalyst below (if the material does not converge, it can fully contact the catalyst and achieve uniformity). Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] Support plate 1;

[0029] Distribution pipe 2, gas inlet 21, liquid inlet 22, sealing plate 23, guide channel 231, cover plate 24, exhaust port 25;

[0030] Capillary 3;

[0031] 4. Intake tube. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] This embodiment provides a gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a support plate 1 and a distribution pipe 2. Figure 1 Only one distribution pipe 2 is shown in the diagram, but in reality, there can be multiple distribution pipes 2 arranged and passing through the support plate 1. The multiple distribution pipes 2 on the support plate 1 can be distributed in a polygonal trajectory, a concentric circle trajectory, or a horizontal and vertical arrangement, or an irregular trajectory. The top of the distribution pipe 2 is provided with a gas inlet 21, and the segment of the distribution pipe 2 above the support plate 1 is provided with multiple liquid inlets 22 arranged along the length direction. The lower end of the distribution pipe 2 is connected to multiple capillary tubes 3, and each capillary tube 3 extends downwards from the distribution pipe 2.

[0034] In practical use, the distributor is fixed inside the reactor cylinder. The support plate 1 and the cylinder form a chamber. Liquid can be loaded on the support plate 1, but it will not extend beyond the gas inlet 21. Gas enters the distribution pipe 2 through the gas inlet 21 at the top, while the liquid above the support plate 1 enters the distribution pipe 2 through the liquid inlet 22. In this way, the gas and liquid two-phase materials are mixed in the distribution pipe 2. The gas-liquid mixture then exits downwards through the capillary tube 3 and enters the catalyst bed in the reactor. Therefore, the number of submerged liquid inlets 22 can be adjusted by controlling the liquid level outside the distribution pipe 2, thus achieving a wide range of liquid flow rate regulation entering the distribution pipe 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, the distribution tube 2 is a vertical tube, the distance between the upper end of the distribution tube 2 and the top surface of the support plate 1 is 10-250 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the distribution tube 2 and the bottom surface of the support plate 1 is 30-1000 mm. Preferably, the inner diameter of the capillary tube 3 is 0.2-5 mm.

[0036] In this embodiment, the lower ends of the multiple capillary tubes 3 have different heights. By setting a height difference at the outlet of the capillary tubes 3, material re-aggregation is avoided, and the wall flow problem after the material enters the catalyst bed downwards is also solved. This greatly improves the reaction efficiency of the reactor and can be applied to various low-flow-rate reactors.

[0037] In practice, the distribution pipe 2 is a single-section structure, with its outer wall welded and fixed to the pipe hole of the support plate 1. Alternatively, the distribution pipe 2 can be a segmented, detachable, multi-section splicing structure, such as threaded connections between the multiple pipe sections that make up the distribution pipe 2, or threaded connections between the upper and lower pipe sections to the support plate 1, which facilitates switching the length, diameter, shape, etc. of the distribution pipe 2 according to requirements without having to replace the entire distributor.

[0038] Specifically, the lower end of the distribution pipe 2 is equipped with a sealing plate 23. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the middle, capillary tube 3 is connected to sealing plate 23. Figure 3 The capillary tube 3 is connected to both the sealing plate 23 and the straight tube sidewall of the distribution tube 2 near the sealing plate 23.

[0039] In practice, the sealing plate 23 is an arc-shaped plate or a hemispherical plate with a concave inner top surface (such as...). Figure 1 ) or an oval plate; or a flat plate 23 (such as Figure 2 The top of the plate has a recessed guide groove 231 corresponding to the position of the capillary tube 3, so that when the liquid level in the distribution tube 2 is low, the material will preferentially flow through the capillary tube 3 corresponding to the middle guide groove 231.

[0040] Specifically, the top of the distribution pipe 2 is provided with a cover plate 24 that seals its upper port. The gas inlet 21 is located on the lateral side wall of the distribution pipe 2 near the cover plate 24, and multiple gas inlets 21 are arranged circumferentially.

[0041] In practice, the capillary tube 3 is a straight tube or a bent tube, and the capillary tube 3 is a tube of equal diameter or a tube of variable diameter.

[0042] Optionally, the distribution pipe 2 is a straight pipe with a circular, polygonal, or irregular cross-section.

[0043] Optionally, the diameter of the distribution pipe 2 is either uniform or variable along its length.

[0044] Specifically, the distribution pipe 2 is provided with an exhaust port 25 near the bottom surface of the support plate 1, allowing unmixed gas to be discharged from the distribution pipe 2 through the exhaust port 25. The exhaust ports 25 are arranged in a single horizontal row or in multiple vertical rows. Of course, they can also be partially or completely connected to capillary tubes.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, a gas supply pipe 4 is located beside the distribution pipe 2. The gas supply pipe 4 connects the upper and lower parts of the support plate 1, allowing only gas to flow through it and not liquid, serving as a gas supply path below the support plate 1. As for the distribution of the distribution pipe 2 and the gas supply pipe 4, a gas supply pipe 4 can be arranged at the center of multiple distribution pipes 2.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions, comprising a support plate and a distribution pipe, the distribution pipe being vertically inserted through the support plate, a gas inlet being provided at the top of the distribution pipe, and a plurality of liquid inlets arranged along the length direction on the section of the distribution pipe above the support plate, characterized in that: The lower end of the distribution tube is connected to multiple capillaries, each of which extends downwards from the distribution tube.

2. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distributor... The tube is a vertical tube, with the distance between the upper end of the distribution tube and the support plate being 10–250 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the distribution tube and the support plate being 30–1000 mm; the inner diameter of the capillary is 0.2–5 mm.

3. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the multiple capillaries have different heights.

4. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution pipe is a single-section structure, or the distribution pipe is a segmented, detachable, multi-section spliced ​​structure.

5. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the distribution tube is provided with a sealing plate, and the capillary tube is connected through the sealing plate and / or the side wall of the distribution tube near the sealing plate.

6. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing plate is an arc plate, hemispherical plate, or elliptical plate with a concave inner top surface; or the sealing plate is a flat plate with a concave guide groove on the top of the flat plate corresponding to the position of the capillary tube.

7. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the distribution pipe is provided with a cover plate that seals its upper port, and the gas inlet is located on the lateral sidewall of the distribution pipe near the cover plate.

8. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary tube is a straight tube or a curved tube, and the capillary tube is a tube of equal diameter or a tube of variable diameter.

9. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution pipe is a straight pipe with a circular, polygonal, or irregular cross-section; and / or: the diameter of the distribution pipe is uniform or varies along its length.

10. A gas-liquid distributor suitable for high viscosity and low flow conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution pipe is provided with an exhaust port near the bottom of the support plate. The exhaust ports are arranged in a single horizontal row or in multiple vertical rows. And / or: an air supply pipe is provided on the side of the distribution pipe, which connects the upper and lower parts of the support plate.

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