A crusher for homogenizing the crushing tendency of spent catalyst

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for the broken machine of waste catalyst breaking tendency homogenization, including broken machine main body and screening mechanism, the discharge outlet of broken machine main body is communicated with the feed inlet of screening mechanism;The screening mechanism includes screening cover and rotating sieve plate assembly, the bottom of screening cover is semicylindrical, its bottom center is equipped with first outlet, side wall is equipped with second outlet near bottom portion;Rotating sieve plate assembly includes the multiple sieve plates that are spaced apart around the outer periphery of driving shaft, the sieve plate is distributed radially to the inner wall of screening cover with driving shaft as center, sieve slot is opened equidistantly along the axial direction of driving shaft in the sieve plate;The end portion of sieve plate towards the inner wall of screening cover forms dynamic contact with the inner wall of screening cover, and the clearance of contact surface is less than or equal to 0.5mm.Provide a kind of for the broken machine of waste catalyst breaking tendency homogenization, can send back the large particle material that does not reach particle size requirement in time to broken machine and carry out secondary crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of catalyst recovery, specifically to a crusher for crushing waste catalysts to achieve homogenization. Background Technology

[0002] Catalysts are widely used in many industrial sectors, such as chemical and petroleum, to accelerate chemical reactions and improve production efficiency. However, with increasing usage time, catalysts gradually lose their activity and become spent catalysts. These spent catalysts typically still contain various metals and other components with recycling value. Effective recycling and reuse can not only reduce production costs and dependence on new resources but also significantly mitigate potential environmental hazards.

[0003] In the process of recycling and treating spent catalysts, crushing is an indispensable preliminary step. Only by crushing spent catalysts to a suitable and uniform particle size can a good raw material base be provided for subsequent grinding, separation, and purification processes. However, existing crushers have revealed many problems when processing spent catalysts. Ordinary crushers have a relatively simple crushing method, which is difficult to fully adapt to the complex physical characteristics of spent catalysts, resulting in a highly uneven particle size distribution after crushing. This uneven crushing product makes it difficult for some particles to be fully ground in the subsequent grinding process, affecting grinding efficiency and product quality. At the same time, due to the large difference in particle size, it also increases the operational difficulty and cost in subsequent separation and purification steps, reducing the overall recycling efficiency. In addition, traditional crushers lack a mechanism for effective screening and feedback adjustment of crushed products in their structural design, and cannot promptly return large particles that do not meet the particle size requirements to the crusher for secondary crushing, further exacerbating the problem of uneven crushed products.

[0004] Therefore, developing a crusher that can achieve uniform crushing of waste catalysts and has efficient screening and recycling functions is of great practical significance and plays a positive role in promoting the development of the waste catalyst recycling industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a crusher for crushing waste catalysts to achieve uniformity, and to promptly return large particles that do not meet the particle size requirements to the crusher for secondary crushing.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is: a crusher for crushing waste catalysts to achieve uniformity, comprising a crusher body and a screening mechanism, wherein the discharge port of the crusher body is connected to the feed port of the screening mechanism;

[0007] The screening mechanism includes a screening hood and a rotating screen plate assembly. The bottom of the screening hood is semi-cylindrical, with a first outlet in the center of the bottom and a second outlet on the side wall near the bottom.

[0008] The rotating screen plate assembly includes multiple screen plates spaced apart around the outer periphery of the drive shaft. The screen plates are radially distributed toward the inner wall of the screening hood with the drive shaft as the center. Screen grooves are equidistantly opened on the screen plates along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

[0009] The end of the sieve plate facing the inner wall of the screening hood forms dynamic contact with the inner wall of the screening hood, and the gap between the contact surfaces is ≤0.5mm;

[0010] When the screen plate rotates via the drive shaft, large particles that do not pass through the screen groove are pushed to the second outlet by the outer edge of the screen plate along the inner wall of the screening hood; the second outlet is connected to the feed inlet of the crusher body through the return channel to form a closed-loop crushing system; the particles that pass through the screen groove are discharged to the grinding mill through the first outlet.

[0011] The second outlet, located at the junction of the bottom and sidewall of the screening hood, is tangential to the trajectory of the rotating screen plate. Large particles that fail to pass through the screen grooves rise along the inner wall of the screening hood under centrifugal force, overcoming gravity and being forcibly pushed to the second outlet, achieving directional discharge of non-qualified particles. The material undergoes multiple classifications during axial movement, increasing screening efficiency by more than 40% compared to traditional flat screens. Furthermore, the semi-cylindrical structure at the bottom of the screening hood forms a natural gravity flow channel, allowing qualified particles (particle size ≤ screen groove width) to directly enter the grinding process through the first outlet, avoiding energy waste caused by secondary screening.

[0012] Furthermore, the screen trough is funnel-shaped, with its starting end close to the axis and its ending end close to the inner wall of the screening hood. The width of the screen trough gradually increases by 2-5 mm from the starting end to the ending end. This widening width gradient allows the material to disperse naturally under centrifugal force, reducing the jamming rate compared to traditional straight troughs.

[0013] Furthermore, the starting end of the screen groove is rounded with a radius of 1-2 mm to reduce material wear and jamming at the starting end of the screen groove, thus extending the service life of the screen plate. The rounded corner design reduces the peak impact stress of the material and avoids the propagation of microcracks caused by stress concentration at right angles.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer plate, which is arranged between the discharge port of the crusher body and the rotary screen assembly. The buffer plate is C-shaped with its opening facing the rotary screen assembly, and the back of the opening is used to absorb the impact force of crushed particles falling from the discharge port of the crusher body. The arc-shaped protrusions on the back of the C-shape provide better impact resistance and prevent falling particles from stopping on the buffer plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a sieve frame is fitted around the edge of the first outlet, and multiple sieve rods are arranged inside the sieve frame. The sieve rods are circumferentially rotatably connected to the sieve frame around the drive shaft, and a secondary screening channel is formed between the sieve rods for the particles passing through the sieve groove to enter the first outlet. The cylindrical sieve rods are rotatably fixed on the drying rack to prevent particles from stopping on the sieve frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the sieve plate is connected to the drive shaft via a modular quick-release structure. This structure includes a dovetail-shaped protrusion at the end of the sieve plate facing the drive shaft, and a dovetail groove on the surface of the drive shaft that matches the protrusion. This detachable design allows for quick disassembly of the sieve plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle of the dovetail-shaped protrusion is 20° to 60°. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention after installation;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the sieve plate of this utility model.

[0021] Diagram: 1. Crusher body; 1.1. Screening mechanism; 1.1.1. Screening hood; 1.1.1.1. First outlet; 1.1.1.2. Second outlet; 1.2. Rotary screen plate assembly; 1.2.1. Screen plate; 1.2.2. Screen groove; 1.3. Modular quick-release structure; 1.3.1. Dovetail protrusion; 1.3.2. Dovetail groove; 1.4. Drive shaft; 2. Buffer plate; 3. Screen frame; 4. Screen rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Before describing any embodiment of this invention in detail, it should be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the construction and arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following figures. The invention is capable of other embodiments and can be practiced or carried out in various ways. Furthermore, it should be understood that the wording and terminology used herein are for descriptive purposes and should not be considered limiting. The use of “comprising” or “having” and variations thereof herein is intended to cover the items set forth below and their equivalents, as well as any additional items. Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms “installation,” “connection,” “support,” and “linkage,” and variations thereof are used broadly and cover both direct and indirect installation, connection, support, and linking. Moreover, “connection” and “linkage” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or links.

[0023] Furthermore, firstly, in the disclosure of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. Secondly, the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more," that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "a" should not be construed as a limitation on the quantity.

[0024] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments. Without departing from the stated principles, the implementation of the present invention may have any variations or modifications.

[0025] The embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 3 A crusher for homogenizing waste catalysts is mainly composed of two parts: a crusher body 1 and a screening mechanism 1.1. After the waste catalyst is initially crushed by the crusher body 1, it is discharged from the discharge port, and these fragments enter the feed port of the screening mechanism 1.1.

[0027] The screening mechanism 1.1 contains a screening hood 1.1.1, whose bottom is semi-cylindrical. At the very center of the bottom is a first outlet 1.1.1.1; near the side wall of the bottom is a second outlet 1.1.1.2. The screening mechanism 1.1 also includes a rotating screen plate assembly 1.2, containing four screen plates 1.2.1. These plates are arranged radially around a drive shaft 1.4, like spokes of a wheel, towards the inner wall of the screening hood 1.1.1. Furthermore, these screen plates 1.2.1 have multiple equally spaced screen slots 1.2.2 along the circumference of the drive shaft 1.4. The end of the screen plate 1.2.1 closest to the inner wall of the screening hood 1.1.1 makes very close contact with it, with a gap of no more than 0.5 mm between them. When the drive shaft 1.4 rotates the screen plate 1.2.1, larger particles that cannot pass through the screen trough 1.2.2 are pushed along the inner wall of the screening hood 1.1.1 by the edge of the screen plate 1.2.1 to the second outlet 1.1.1.2. The second outlet 1.1.1.2 is connected to a return channel (which is a bucket elevator or other lifting and conveying belt mechanism), which sends these large particles back to the feed inlet of the crusher body 1, thus forming a cycle that allows large particles to be repeatedly crushed. Small particles that pass through the screen trough 1.2.2 are discharged from the first outlet 1.1.1.1 and sent to the grinding mill via a bucket elevator.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 3 The sieve trough 1.2.2 is shaped like a trumpet, with the end closest to the axis being the starting end and the end closest to the inner wall of the screening hood 1.1.1 being the ending end. From the starting end to the ending end, the width of the sieve trough 1.2.2 gradually increases, by approximately 2 to 5 millimeters. A rounded corner with a radius of approximately 1 to 2 millimeters is also added to the starting end of the sieve trough 1.2.2. This reduces material getting stuck at the beginning of the sieve trough 1.2.2 and also reduces wear, making the sieve plate 1.2.1 more durable.

[0029] There is also a buffer plate 2 in the crusher, which is located between the discharge port of the crusher body 1 and the rotary screen plate 1.2.1 assembly 1.2. It is shaped like the letter C with an opening facing the rotary screen plate 1.2.1 assembly 1.2. The back of the opening of this buffer plate 2 can catch the crushed particles falling from the discharge port of the crusher body 1, thus playing a buffering role.

[0030] At the edge of the first outlet 1.1.1.1, a screen frame 3 is fitted, and several screen rods 4 are installed inside the screen frame 3. These screen rods 4 are arranged circumferentially around the drive shaft 1.4 within the screen frame 3, and they can rotate on the screen frame 3. Some gaps are left between the screen rods 4, forming secondary screening channels. Particles coming from the screen trough 1.2.2 can enter the first outlet 1.1.1.1 through these channels.

[0031] In addition, the sieve plate 1.2.1 and the drive shaft 1.4 are connected together by a modular quick-release structure 1.3. At the end of the sieve plate 1.2.1 near the drive shaft 1.4, there is a dovetail-shaped protrusion 1.3.1. On the surface of the drive shaft 1.4, there is a dovetail groove 1.3.2 that aligns with this dovetail-shaped protrusion 1.3.1. The protrusion angle of the dovetail-shaped protrusion 1.3.1 is between 20 degrees and 60 degrees.

[0032] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and variations in its specific structure are permitted. All changes made within the scope of the independent claims of this utility model are also within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A crusher for homogenizing the crushing of waste catalysts, characterized in that: It includes a crusher body (1) and a screening mechanism (1.1), wherein the discharge port of the crusher body (1) is connected to the feed port of the screening mechanism (1.1); The screening mechanism (1.1) includes a screening hood (1.1.1) and a rotating screen plate assembly (1.2). The bottom of the screening hood (1.1.1) is semi-cylindrical, with a first outlet (1.1.1.1) at the center of its bottom and a second outlet (1.1.1.2) near the bottom on its side wall. The rotating screen plate assembly (1.2) includes multiple screen plates (1.2.1) spaced apart around the outer periphery of the drive shaft (1.4). The screen plates (1.2.1) are radially distributed towards the inner wall of the screening hood (1.1.1) with the drive shaft (1.4) as the center. The screen plates (1.2.1) have screen grooves (1.2.2) equidistantly opened along the axial direction of the drive shaft (1.4). The end of the sieve plate (1.2.1) facing the inner wall of the screening hood (1.1.1) forms dynamic contact with the inner wall of the screening hood (1.1.1), and the gap between the contact surfaces is ≤0.5mm; When the screen plate (1.2.1) rotates via the drive shaft (1.4), large particles that do not pass through the screen groove (1.2.2) are pushed by the outer edge of the screen plate (1.2.1) along the inner wall of the screening cover (1.1.1) to the second outlet (1.1.1.2); the second outlet (1.1.1.2) is connected to the feed port of the crusher body (1) through the return material channel to form a closed-loop crushing system; the particles that pass through the screen groove (1.2.2) are discharged to the grinding mill through the first outlet (1.1.1.1).

2. A crusher for homogenizing waste catalysts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve groove (1.2.2) is funnel-shaped, with its starting end close to the axis and its ending end close to the inner wall of the screening cover (1.1.1). The width of the sieve groove (1.2.2) gradually increases by 2-5 mm from the starting end to the ending end.

3. A crusher for homogenizing waste catalysts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The starting end of the screen groove (1.2.2) is provided with a rounded corner with a radius of 1-2 mm to reduce the wear and jamming of materials at the starting end of the screen groove (1.2.2) and extend the service life of the screen plate (1.2.1).

4. A crusher for homogenizing waste catalyst crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer plate (2), which is arranged between the discharge port of the crusher body (1) and the rotary screen assembly (1.2). The buffer plate (2) is C-shaped with the opening facing the rotary screen assembly (1.2), and the back of the opening is used to absorb the impact force of the crushed particles falling from the discharge port of the crusher body (1).

5. A crusher for homogenizing waste catalyst crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screen frame (3) is fitted at the edge of the first outlet (1.1.1.1). A plurality of screen rods (4) are provided inside the screen frame (3). The screen rods (4) are circumferentially rotatably connected to the screen frame (3) around the drive shaft (1.4). A secondary screening channel is formed between the screen rods (4) for allowing particles passing through the screen groove (1.2.2) to enter the first outlet (1.1.1.1).

6. A crusher for homogenizing waste catalysts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve plate (1.2.1) is connected to the drive shaft (1.4) via a modular quick-release structure (1.3). The modular quick-release structure (1.3) includes a dovetail-shaped protrusion (1.3.1) provided at one end of the sieve plate (1.2.1) facing the drive shaft (1.4), and a dovetail groove (1.3.2) on the surface of the drive shaft (1.4) that matches the dovetail-shaped protrusion (1.3.1).

7. A crusher for homogenizing waste catalysts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle of the swallowtail protrusion (1.3.1) is 20° to 60°.

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