Exosome centrifuge tube self-locking universal adapter

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of biomedical experiment equipment, disclose a kind of exosome centrifuge tube self-locking general adapter, including positioning base (number 1) and elastic snap ring (number 2).The positioning base is equipped with the connecting structure of adaptation centrifuge rotor, bottom configuration shock absorbing pattern to improve operating stability;The elastic snap ring is integrally formed using high-elasticity material, and the clamping of centrifugal force trigger type is realized by gradually expanding angle design, and the tool-free fixing of adaptation different specifications centrifuge tube is suitable.The innovation point is that: during centrifugation, the snap ring is automatically enhanced clamping force by dynamic mechanical response, combined with the shock-absorbing structure of base, effectively suppresses tube body deviation and vibration;Modular self-locking design is compatible with 1.5mL to 5mL centrifuge tube, and gets rid of the specification limit of traditional adapter.The device is manufactured based on medical device standards, can match mainstream centrifuge models, significantly improve the consistency of exosome separation operation and sample recovery rate, and is suitable for high-precision sample processing requirements in biomedical research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomedical experimental equipment technology, specifically a self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes, which is particularly suitable for high-precision and stable separation and tube fixation of low-temperature exosome samples in high-speed centrifuges. Background Technology

[0002] Exosome isolation is a crucial step in biomedical research, typically employing differential centrifugation to purify biological fluids (such as plasma and urine) through multiple centrifugation cycles. During high-speed centrifugation (≥10,000g), the stability between the centrifuge tubes and the adapter directly impacts sample recovery rates. Existing commercial adapters generally use rigid plastic fixing slots, which have significant drawbacks: when the centrifuge speed exceeds 8,000 rpm, the centrifuge tubes are prone to lateral displacement (experimental data shows an offset of up to 1.2 mm), disrupting sample stratification and resulting in exosome loss rates as high as 15-20%. Furthermore, different sizes of centrifuge tubes (1.5mL, 2mL, 5mL) require frequent replacement of dedicated adapters, increasing experimental costs and operational complexity. To address these issues, existing technologies often incorporate silicone cushioning pads or additional fixing screws into the adapter, but these methods only partially alleviate vibration problems (vibration fluctuation coefficients still reach ±8%), and manual adjustment is time-consuming and prone to introducing human error. Furthermore, the clamping force of traditional adapters is mismatched with centrifugal acceleration, and during ultra-high-speed operation, alternating phenomena of "clamping slack-overload deformation" easily occur, leading to tube wear or even breakage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a self-locking universal adapter that can adapt to multiple sizes of centrifuge tubes, dynamically adjust the clamping force, and achieve high-frequency vibration damping, in order to improve the stability and repeatability of exosome separation experiments. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This utility model discloses a self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes, comprising a positioning base, an elastic retaining ring, a shock-absorbing structure, and a self-locking mechanism. The positioning base has a connecting groove that matches the centrifuge rotor, and triangular shock-absorbing stripes are provided at the bottom. The inner wall of the elastic retaining ring adopts a 5° gradually expanding angle structure with an inner diameter of φ14.3±0.05mm, adapting to 1.5mL to 5mL centrifuge tubes. The self-locking mechanism consists of a ratchet assembly and a pressure spring, with a tooth pitch of 1.2mm and a tooth height of 0.3mm. The shock-absorbing structure is an embedded polyurethane buffer layer with a thickness of 2.5±0.1mm and a Shore hardness of 70A±2A.

[0006] The working principle and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0007] This invention relates to a self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes. The connecting groove of the positioning base can precisely match the Beckman Coulter Allegra X-15R rotor system. When the centrifuge tube is inserted into the elastic retaining ring, the gradually expanding angle structure can adaptively adjust the clamping force for different tube diameters (the clamping force difference is ≤0.5N when the centrifugation speed reaches 15,000rpm). When the centrifuge is started, the pressure spring drives the ratchet assembly to lock the retaining ring circumferentially. The clamping force increases linearly with the speed (the clamping force increases by 3.2N for every 1,000g increase in centrifugal acceleration), effectively suppressing radial displacement of the tube (displacement <0.03mm). The polyurethane buffer layer absorbs high-frequency vibration energy, pushing the resonant peak from 450Hz to 1,200Hz, and reducing the vibration coefficient fluctuation to ±1.5%. The semi-circular groove of the rear baffle can lock the centrifuge tube cap neck, and the hook-shaped protrusion at the bottom locks the axial displacement of the tube. This invention enables tool-free fixation, dynamic self-locking clamping, and wide-frequency vibration reduction control of multi-specification centrifuge tubes, reducing the sample loss rate to below 3% and meeting the precision requirements of exosome ultracentrifugation.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the triangular damping stripes are distributed radially at 30° with the central axis of the base as the reference, the stripe depth is 0.2±0.05mm, the spacing is 1.0±0.02mm, and they continuously cover 90% of the bottom surface of the base.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the elastic retaining ring is made of PET-C composite material with a thickness of 0.8±0.05mm, the expansion angle increases linearly from top to bottom along the axial direction (1°→5°), and the surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the ratchet assembly contains 12 symmetrically distributed ratchet units, the pressure spring is made of 316L stainless steel, and the deformation is linearly related to the centrifugal acceleration (5% deformation corresponds to 1,500g).

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the connecting groove is provided with 4 sets of L-shaped fixing claws, the claw body width is 3.0±0.05mm, the adjacent spacing is 30° and they are evenly distributed, and the adaptation angular momentum deviation is ≤1.5%. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0013] Fig. 1This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes of this utility model;

[0014] Fig. 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the elastic retaining ring and shock-absorbing structure in this utility model;

[0015] Fig. 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention assembled on a centrifuge rotor in its working state.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Positioning base; 2. Elastic retaining ring; 2-1. Gradient angle; 3. Polyurethane buffer layer; 4. Connecting groove; 4-1. L-shaped fixing claw; 5. Triangular damping stripe; 6. Self-locking mechanism; 6-1. Ratchet assembly; 6-2. Pressure spring; 7. Guide hole; 8. Limiting boss; 9. Centrifuge tube; 10. Centrifuge rotor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Example: Figs. 1 to 3As shown, this utility model discloses a self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes, comprising a positioning base 1, an elastic retaining ring 2, a shock-absorbing structure 3, and a self-locking mechanism 6. The positioning base 1 has 30° radially distributed triangular shock-absorbing stripes 5 (depth 0.2±0.05mm, spacing 1.0±0.02mm) on its bottom and a connecting groove 4 on its top. The connecting groove 4 contains four sets of L-shaped fixing claws 4-1 (claw width 3.0±0.05mm, evenly distributed at 30° intervals). The elastic retaining ring 2 is made of PET-C material with an inner diameter of φ14.3±0.05mm and a linear gradually expanding angle 2-1 of 1° to 5° on its inner wall. The self-locking mechanism 6 includes 12 sets of symmetrical ratchet assemblies 6-1 (tooth pitch 1.2mm, tooth height 0.3mm) and 316L stainless steel pressure springs 6-2. The shock-absorbing structure 3 is a 2.5±0.1mm thick polyurethane buffer layer (Shore hardness 70A±2A), embedded between the positioning base 1 and the centrifuge rotor 10. In the initial state, the centrifuge tube is inserted into the elastic retaining ring, and the gradually expanding angle structure of the elastic retaining ring automatically adjusts the clamping force according to the diameter of the centrifuge tube. After the centrifuge starts, as the rotation speed increases, the eccentric locking block moves closer to the inner wall of the elastic retaining ring under centrifugal force and applies an expansion force. At the same time, the pawl assembly moves closer to the outer wall of the elastic retaining ring under centrifugal force, forming an initial locking contact. As the rotation speed continues to increase, the expansion force of the eccentric locking block on the elastic retaining ring increases, the friction between the outer wall of the elastic retaining ring and the pawl assembly increases, and the pawl assembly embeds into the outer wall of the elastic retaining ring, forming a tight locking structure. The experimenter operates according to the following steps: the positioning base 1 is assembled to the centrifuge rotor 10 through the L-shaped fixing claw 4-1 of the connecting groove 4; 1.5mL, 2mL, or 5mL centrifuge tubes 9 are inserted into the elastic retaining ring 2, with the expansion angle 2-1 adapting to the tube diameter difference; after the centrifuge starts, the pressure spring 6-2 pushes the ratchet assembly 6-1 to lock the retaining ring; the polyurethane buffer layer 3 absorbs vibrations in the 10-450Hz frequency band, and the vibration coefficient is stabilized at ±1.5%; the guide hole 7 balances the air pressure difference in the cavity and eliminates turbulence interference. In this embodiment, the triangular damping stripes 5 of the positioning base 1 have a coverage rate of 95%; when replacing other models of rotors, cross-platform compatibility can be achieved by adjusting the insertion depth of the L-shaped fixing claw 4-1 to 3.0±0.2mm.

[0019] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes of this utility model. As shown in Figure 1, the adapter includes a positioning base 1, an elastic retaining ring 2, a shock-absorbing structure 3, and a self-locking mechanism 6. The bottom of the positioning base 1 is machined with triangular shock-absorbing stripes 5 distributed radially at 30° (depth 0.2±0.05mm, spacing 1.0±0.02mm). The top of the base is provided with a connecting groove 4, which contains four sets of L-shaped fixing claws 4-1 (claw width 3.0±0.05mm, evenly distributed at 30°). The elastic retaining ring 2 is made of PET-C material with an inner diameter of φ14.3±0.05mm and a linear gradually expanding angle 2-1 of 1° to 5° on the inner wall. The self-locking mechanism 6 includes 12 sets of symmetrical ratchet assemblies 6-1 (tooth pitch 1.2mm, tooth height 0.3mm) and 316L stainless steel pressure springs 6-2. The shock-absorbing structure 3 is a polyurethane buffer layer with a thickness of 2.5±0.1mm (Shore hardness 70A±2A), which is embedded between the positioning base 1 and the centrifuge rotor 10.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] Figure 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the elastic retaining ring and the shock-absorbing structure in this utility model. As shown in Figure 2, the expansion angle 2-1 of the elastic retaining ring 2 increases linearly from top to bottom along the axial direction (1°→5°), and its surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm. The polyurethane buffer layer of the shock-absorbing structure 3 has a uniform thickness.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention assembled on a centrifuge rotor in its working state. As shown in Figure 3, the positioning base 1 is detachably assembled to the centrifuge rotor 10 via an L-shaped fixing claw 4-1. The centrifuge tube 9 is placed inside the elastic retaining ring 2, and the self-locking mechanism 6 is in a locked state. When the centrifuge is running, the elastic retaining ring 2 deforms under the action of centrifugal force, tightly fitting against the centrifuge tube 9. At the same time, the ratchet assembly 6-1 of the self-locking mechanism 6 is embedded in the outer wall of the elastic retaining ring 2, forming a tight locking structure.

Claims

1. A self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes, characterized in that, The device includes a positioning base, an elastic retaining ring, a shock-absorbing pad, and a self-locking mechanism. The positioning base has a connecting groove that matches the centrifuge rotor and shock-absorbing stripes on the bottom. The elastic retaining ring adopts a gradient snap-fit ​​structure with an inner diameter of φ14.3±0.05mm and an outer wall with a 5° gradually expanding angle. The self-locking mechanism consists of a ratchet assembly and a pressure spring.

2. The self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic retaining ring is made of PET-C composite material with a thickness of 0.8±0.05mm, and the deviation of the gradually expanding angle is ≤±0.2°.

3. The self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping stripes are continuous equilateral triangular patterns with a depth of 0.2 mm and a spacing of 0.5 ± 0.02 mm.

4. The self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting slot includes three sets of standard retaining claws, adapted to the Beckman Coulter Allegra X-15R / SX4750 rotor system.

5. The self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet assembly has a tooth pitch of 1.2 mm, a tooth height of 0.3 mm, and a matching tolerance of ±0.05 mm with the pressure spring stroke.

6. The self-locking universal adapter for exosome centrifuge tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter includes a temperature compensation layer made of biomedical nano-silicone with a thickness of 0.3 mm and an operating temperature range of -20°C to 50°C.

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