Automatic gold jewelry demolding machine
By introducing a redundant protection drive circuit into the ultrasonic cleaner, the power fixation problem caused by the damage of the drive IC is solved in real time, ensuring the integrity of the gold jewelry demolding and improving the quality of the finished product.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANGONGBEIJIANG ART CULTURE (SHENZHEN) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing ultrasonic cleaning machines cannot adjust the power when the driver IC or discrete driver circuit is damaged, resulting in incomplete demolding of gold jewelry, creating polishing dead corners, and affecting the quality of the finished product.
The system employs a redundant protection drive circuit, including a main drive module, a backup drive module, a signal switching module, a fault detection module, and a reference voltage module. It monitors the signal status of the main drive channel in real time and switches to the backup drive channel when an anomaly is detected, ensuring the continuity of power regulation.
In the event of a driver chip failure, the redundant protection driver circuit switches to the backup driver channel to maintain the power regulation capability of the ultrasonic cleaner, avoid polishing dead corners, and improve the integrity of gold jewelry demolding and the quality of the finished product.
Smart Images
Figure CN224487656U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of demolding machine technology, and in particular to an automated demolding machine for gold jewelry. Background Technology
[0002] Demolding is a crucial step in the casting process of gold jewelry, requiring the removal of the shaped blank from the mold. Plaster molds are commonly used. After demolding, residual mold material must be cleaned to ensure a smooth surface for subsequent grinding and polishing. Careful handling is essential to avoid deformation or scratches.
[0003] When demolding plaster molds, the plaster mold and the gold jewelry encased within it are often cleaned together using an ultrasonic cleaner. This allows the plaster mold to dissolve quickly in water, enabling the gold jewelry to be demolded.
[0004] However, during the operation of an ultrasonic cleaner, if the driver IC or discrete driver circuit responsible for amplifying the PWM signal and driving the power transistor is damaged, the output drive signal will be fixed, resulting in the inability to adjust the power. With the power fixed, the user cannot adjust it according to their needs. Ultimately, this prevents the cleaner from completely demolding the plaster mold on the outside of the gold jewelry, resulting in polishing dead corners in the gold jewelry during subsequent polishing processes, leading to poor quality of the final product.
[0005] Therefore, an automated gold jewelry demolding machine is proposed to solve or alleviate the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an automated gold jewelry demolding machine.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] An automated gold jewelry demolding machine includes an ultrasonic cleaning machine body and a redundant protection drive circuit. The redundant protection drive circuit is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaning machine body. The output terminal of the redundant protection drive circuit is connected to the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaning machine body. The redundant protection drive circuit monitors the output signal status of the main drive channel in real time and switches to the backup drive channel to transmit the original pulse width modulation signal when an abnormality is detected.
[0009] Preferably, the redundant protection drive circuit includes a main drive module, a backup drive module, a signal switching module, a fault detection module, and a reference voltage module. The pulse signal input terminal of the main drive module and the pulse signal input terminal of the backup drive module are connected in parallel to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU. The high-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module is connected to the main high-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module, and the low-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module is connected to the main low-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module. The high-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module is connected to the backup high-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module, and the low-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module is connected to the signal switching module. The fault detection module has a backup low-end signal input terminal. The high-end monitoring input terminal of the fault detection module is connected to the high-end drive signal output terminal of the main drive module. The low-end monitoring input terminal of the fault detection module is connected to the low-end drive signal output terminal of the main drive module. The reference voltage input terminal of the fault detection module is connected to the reference voltage output terminal of the reference voltage module. The main channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module is connected to the main channel enable terminal of the signal switching module. The backup channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module is connected to the backup channel enable terminal of the signal switching module. The final high-end drive output terminal and the final low-end drive output terminal of the signal switching module are both connected to the gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body.
[0010] Preferably, the main drive module includes a drive chip IR2110 and a first filter capacitor. The pulse signal input terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body. The high-end drive signal output terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the main high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module. The low-end drive signal output terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the main low-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module. The power supply voltage terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is grounded and connected to power through the first filter capacitor. The ground terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is grounded.
[0011] Preferably, the backup drive module includes an NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT), a PNP bipolar junction transistor (BJT), a first base current limiting resistor, and a second base current limiting resistor. The base of the NPN BJT is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body through the first base current limiting resistor. The collector of the NPN BJT serves as the high-side drive signal output terminal and is connected to the backup high-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module. The emitter of the NPN BJT is grounded. The base of the PNP BJT is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body through the second base current limiting resistor. The collector of the PNP BJT serves as the low-side drive signal output terminal and is connected to the backup low-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module. The emitter of the PNP BJT is energized.
[0012] Preferably, the fault detection module includes a dual-channel voltage comparator LM393, a six-channel inverter 74HC04, a first pull-up resistor, and a second pull-up resistor. The first non-inverting input of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the high-side drive signal output of the main drive module, and the second non-inverting input of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the low-side drive signal output of the main drive module. The two inverting inputs of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 are connected to the reference voltage output of the reference voltage module. The first output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected via... The first pull-up resistor is connected to power, and the first output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the first input of the six-channel inverter 74HC04. The second output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to power through the second pull-up resistor, and the second output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the third input of the six-channel inverter 74HC04. The first output of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 is connected to the main channel enable terminal of the signal switching module, and the second output of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 is connected to the spare channel enable terminal of the signal switching module.
[0013] Preferably, the signal switching module includes a four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066, a high-side gate drive resistor, and a low-side gate drive resistor. The first signal input terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module. The first signal output terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body through the high-side gate drive resistor. The second signal input terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module. The second signal output terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body through the low-side gate drive resistor. The third signal input terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module. The third signal output terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is electrically interconnected to the first signal output terminal. The fourth signal input terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module. The fourth signal output terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is electrically interconnected to the second signal output terminal. The first control terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the main channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module. The second control terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the backup channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module.
[0014] Preferably, the reference voltage module includes an adjustable precision reference source TL431, a current-limiting resistor, and a second filter capacitor. The reference voltage output terminal of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is connected to the reference voltage input terminal of the fault detection module. The anode of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is grounded, and the cathode of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is energized through the current-limiting resistor. The second filter capacitor is connected in parallel between the reference voltage output terminal of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 and ground.
[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] In this invention, a redundant protection drive circuit is used in the ultrasonic cleaner. The main control PWM signal in the ultrasonic cleaner is sent to the main and backup drive modules. When the main drive is working normally, it switches to the backup drive in case of failure to maintain power regulation. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the redundancy protection drive circuit in this utility model.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Ultrasonic cleaner body; 2. Main drive module; 3. Backup drive module; 4. Signal switching module; 5. Fault detection module; 6. Reference voltage module. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0027] An automated gold jewelry demolding machine, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an ultrasonic cleaner body 1 and a redundant protection drive circuit. The redundant protection drive circuit is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1. The output terminal of the redundant protection drive circuit is connected to the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1. The redundant protection drive circuit monitors the output signal status of the main drive channel in real time and switches to the backup drive channel to transmit the original pulse width modulation signal when an abnormality is detected.
[0028] like Figure 2 The redundant protection drive circuit includes a main drive module 2, a backup drive module 3, a signal switching module 4, a fault detection module 5, and a reference voltage module 6. The pulse signal input terminals of the main drive module 2 and the backup drive module 3 are connected in parallel to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU. The high-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module 2 is connected to the main high-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4, and the low-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module 2 is connected to the main low-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4. The high-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module 3 is connected to the backup high-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4, and the low-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module 3 is connected to the main low-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4. The backup low-end signal input terminal of fault detection module 4 is connected to the high-end drive signal output terminal of main drive module 2. The low-end monitoring input terminal of fault detection module 5 is connected to the low-end drive signal output terminal of main drive module 2. The reference voltage input terminal of fault detection module 5 is connected to the reference voltage output terminal of reference voltage module 6. The main channel control signal output terminal of fault detection module 5 is connected to the main channel enable terminal of signal switching module 4. The backup channel control signal output terminal of fault detection module 5 is connected to the backup channel enable terminal of signal switching module 4. The final high-end drive output terminal and the final low-end drive output terminal of signal switching module 4 are both connected to the gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1.
[0029] The main drive module 2 includes a drive chip IR2110 and a first filter capacitor. The pulse signal input terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1. The high-end drive signal output terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the main high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4. The low-end drive signal output terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the main low-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4. The power supply voltage terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is grounded and connected to power through the first filter capacitor. The ground terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is grounded.
[0030] The backup drive module 3 includes an NPN bipolar junction transistor, a PNP bipolar junction transistor, a first base current limiting resistor, and a second base current limiting resistor. The base of the NPN bipolar junction transistor is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1 through the first base current limiting resistor. The collector of the NPN bipolar junction transistor serves as the high-side drive signal output terminal and is connected to the backup high-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4. The emitter of the NPN bipolar junction transistor is grounded. The base of the PNP bipolar junction transistor is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1 through the second base current limiting resistor. The collector of the PNP bipolar junction transistor serves as the low-side drive signal output terminal and is connected to the backup low-side signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4. The emitter of the PNP bipolar junction transistor is powered.
[0031] Fault detection module 5 includes a dual-channel voltage comparator LM393, a six-channel inverter 74HC04, a first pull-up resistor, and a second pull-up resistor. The first non-inverting input of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the high-side drive signal output of the main drive module 2, and the second non-inverting input is connected to the low-side drive signal output of the main drive module 2. The two inverting inputs of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 are connected to the reference voltage output of the reference voltage module 6. The first output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the second pull-up resistor. One pull-up resistor is connected to power, and the first output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the first input of the six-channel inverter 74HC04. The second output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to power through a second pull-up resistor, and the second output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the third input of the six-channel inverter 74HC04. The first output of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 is connected to the main channel enable terminal of the signal switching module 4, and the second output of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 is connected to the spare channel enable terminal of the signal switching module 4.
[0032] Signal switching module 4 includes a four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066, a high-side gate drive resistor, and a low-side gate drive resistor. The first signal input terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module 2. The first signal output terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1 through the high-side gate drive resistor. The second signal input terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module 2. The second signal output terminal of the four-channel bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body 1 through the low-side gate drive resistor. The third signal input terminal of the bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module 3. The third signal output terminal of the four bidirectional analog switches CD4066 is electrically interconnected to the first signal output terminal. The fourth signal input terminal of the four bidirectional analog switches CD4066 is connected to the low-side drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module 3. The fourth signal output terminal of the four bidirectional analog switches CD4066 is electrically interconnected to the second signal output terminal. The first control terminal of the four bidirectional analog switches CD4066 is connected to the main channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module 5. The second control terminal of the four bidirectional analog switches CD4066 is connected to the backup channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module 5.
[0033] The reference voltage module 6 includes an adjustable precision reference source TL431, a current-limiting resistor, and a second filter capacitor. The reference voltage output terminal of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is connected to the reference voltage input terminal of the fault detection module 5. The anode of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is grounded, and the cathode of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is energized through the current-limiting resistor. The second filter capacitor is connected in parallel between the reference voltage output terminal of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 and ground.
[0034] When the ultrasonic cleaner body 1 is working, the main control MCU generates a PWM signal, which is synchronously input to the pulse signal input terminal of the main drive module 2 and the pulse signal input terminal of the backup drive module 3.
[0035] Under normal operating conditions, the main drive chip IR2110 converts the pulse width modulation signal into a high-voltage drive signal. Its high-end drive signal output terminal outputs a dynamically changing high-end gate drive voltage to the main high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module 4, and its low-end drive signal output terminal outputs a complementary low-end gate drive voltage to the main low-end signal input terminal. The four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 of the signal switching module 4 conducts the first and second signal channels under the effective level control of the main channel enable terminal, so that the main drive signal is transmitted to the high-end gate drive terminal of the power transistor through the high-end gate drive resistor, and at the same time transmitted to the low-end gate drive terminal of the power transistor through the low-end gate drive resistor, thereby driving the power transistor to perform high-frequency oscillation control of the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic cleaner body 1.
[0036] Meanwhile, the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 of the fault detection module 5 continuously monitors the output status of the main drive module 2. Its first non-inverting input terminal samples the high-side drive signal voltage in real time, and its second non-inverting input terminal samples the low-side drive signal voltage. Both inverting input terminals receive the precise 2.5-volt reference voltage output by the reference voltage module 6.
[0037] When the main driver chip is damaged, causing the high-end or low-end driver signal output to be locked at a fixed high level or a fixed low level, the dual-channel voltage comparator detects that the duration of the abnormal level exceeds the threshold, and its corresponding output generates a logic high level.
[0038] After the fault signal is logically converted by the six-channel inverter 74HC04, the main channel control signal output terminal outputs an invalid level to the main channel enable terminal of the signal switching module 4, while the backup channel control signal output terminal outputs an effective level to the backup channel enable terminal.
[0039] The CD4066 four-way bidirectional analog switch immediately performs hardware-level switching, shutting down the first and second signal channels to isolate the failed main drive signal, while simultaneously turning on the third and fourth signal channels.
[0040] At this time, the push-pull circuit composed of the NPN bipolar junction transistor and the PNP bipolar junction transistor in the backup drive module 3 is activated. Its base receives the original pulse width modulation signal through the base current limiting resistor, forming complementary amplification between the positive 12V power supply and ground. The backup high-side drive signal output from the collector is transmitted to the high-side gate drive resistor through the third signal channel, and the backup low-side drive signal is transmitted to the low-side gate drive resistor through the fourth signal channel, thereby maintaining the normal modulation of the power transistor.
[0041] In this way, no intervention from the main control MCU is required, and due to the current limiting effect of the gate drive resistor, the charging and discharging process of the power transistor gate capacitor is not affected by the switching disturbance, ensuring that the ultrasonic cleaner can continue to adjust the output power even when the drive chip fails, until the damaged component is manually replaced.
[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An automated gold jewelry demolding machine, characterized in that, The system includes an ultrasonic cleaner body (1) and a redundant protection drive circuit. The redundant protection drive circuit is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1). The output terminal of the redundant protection drive circuit is connected to the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1). The redundant protection drive circuit monitors the output signal status of the main drive channel in real time and switches to the backup drive channel to transmit the original pulse width modulation signal when an abnormality is detected.
2. The automated gold jewelry demolding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The redundant protection drive circuit includes a main drive module (2), a backup drive module (3), a signal switching module (4), a fault detection module (5), and a reference voltage module (6). The pulse signal input terminal of the main drive module (2) and the pulse signal input terminal of the backup drive module (3) are connected in parallel to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU. The high-end drive signal output terminal of the main drive module (2) is connected to the main high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4). The low-end drive signal output terminal of the main drive module (2) is connected to the main low-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4). The high-end drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module (3) is connected to the backup high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4). The low-end drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module (3) is connected to the main low-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4). 4) The backup low-end signal input terminal of the fault detection module (5) is connected to the high-end drive signal output terminal of the main drive module (2). The low-end monitoring input terminal of the fault detection module (5) is connected to the low-end drive signal output terminal of the main drive module (2). The reference voltage input terminal of the fault detection module (5) is connected to the reference voltage output terminal of the reference voltage module (6). The main channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module (5) is connected to the main channel enable terminal of the signal switching module (4). The backup channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module (5) is connected to the backup channel enable terminal of the signal switching module (4). The final high-end drive output terminal and the final low-end drive output terminal of the signal switching module (4) are both connected to the gate drive terminal of the power tube in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1).
3. The automated gold jewelry demolding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main drive module (2) includes a drive chip IR2110 and a first filter capacitor. The pulse signal input terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1). The high-end drive signal output terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the main high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4). The low-end drive signal output terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is connected to the main low-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4). The power supply voltage terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is grounded and connected to power through the first filter capacitor. The ground terminal of the drive chip IR2110 is grounded.
4. The automated gold jewelry demolding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The backup drive module (3) includes an NPN bipolar junction transistor, a PNP bipolar junction transistor, a first base current limiting resistor, and a second base current limiting resistor. The base of the NPN bipolar junction transistor is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1) through the first base current limiting resistor. The collector of the NPN bipolar junction transistor is connected to the backup high-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4) as the high-end drive signal output terminal. The emitter of the NPN bipolar junction transistor is grounded. The base of the PNP bipolar junction transistor is connected to the PWM signal output terminal of the main control MCU in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1) through the second base current limiting resistor. The collector of the PNP bipolar junction transistor is connected to the backup low-end signal input terminal of the signal switching module (4) as the low-end drive signal output terminal. The emitter of the PNP bipolar junction transistor is powered.
5. The automated gold jewelry demolding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fault detection module (5) includes a dual-channel voltage comparator LM393, a six-channel inverter 74HC04, a first pull-up resistor, and a second pull-up resistor. The first non-inverting input of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the high-side drive signal output of the main drive module (2), and the second non-inverting input of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the low-side drive signal output of the main drive module (2). The two inverting inputs of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 are connected to the reference voltage output of the reference voltage module (6). The first output of the dual-channel voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the reference voltage output of the reference voltage module (6). The first output of the dual voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the first input of the six-channel inverter 74HC04. The second output of the dual voltage comparator LM393 is connected to the third input of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 through the second pull-up resistor. The first output of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 is connected to the main channel enable terminal of the signal switching module (4). The second output of the six-channel inverter 74HC04 is connected to the spare channel enable terminal of the signal switching module (4).
6. The automated gold jewelry demolding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal switching module (4) includes a four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066, a high-side gate drive resistor, and a low-side gate drive resistor. The first signal input terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module (2). The first signal output terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-side gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1) through the high-side gate drive resistor. The second signal input terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side drive signal output terminal of the main drive module (2). The second signal output terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-side gate drive terminal of the power transistor in the ultrasonic cleaner body (1) through the low-side gate drive resistor. The third signal input terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the high-end drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module (3). The third signal output terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is electrically interconnected to the first signal output terminal. The fourth signal input terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the low-end drive signal output terminal of the backup drive module (3). The fourth signal output terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is electrically interconnected to the second signal output terminal. The first control terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the main channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module (5). The second control terminal of the four-way bidirectional analog switch CD4066 is connected to the backup channel control signal output terminal of the fault detection module (5).
7. The automated gold jewelry demolding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reference voltage module (6) includes an adjustable precision reference source TL431, a current-limiting resistor, and a second filter capacitor. The reference voltage output terminal of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is connected to the reference voltage input terminal of the fault detection module (5). The anode of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is grounded, and the cathode of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 is energized through the current-limiting resistor. The second filter capacitor is connected in parallel between the reference voltage output terminal of the adjustable precision reference source TL431 and ground.