Machining tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to product processing technical field, especially a kind of machining tool, including handle and the cutter head of the lower end of the handle, the cutter head has the first assembly site and the second assembly site spaced distribution around its circumference, the first assembly site is used to assemble first cutting unit, and the second assembly site is used to assemble second cutting unit.The machining tool of the utility model, by setting multiple assembly sites on cutter head to assemble first cutting unit and second cutting unit, the processing efficiency of machining tool can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of product processing technology, and in particular to a processing tool. Background Technology

[0002] Tools used for surface finishing typically consist of a tool holder, a cutter head, and a cutting unit. The tool holder is connected to the machining spindle, the cutter head is located at the lower end of the tool holder, and the cutting unit is mounted on the cutter head with its cutting edge facing the surface to be machined. During machining, the machining spindle rotates the tool holder, which in turn drives the cutter head and cutting unit to rotate, thus achieving the cutting of the product surface. Currently, most commonly used machining tools are equipped with a single cutting unit. While this design ensures a smooth surface finish and is suitable for precision machining, it also suffers from lower machining efficiency and limited application range. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a machining tool.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a machining tool, including a tool holder and a cutting disc disposed at the lower end of the tool holder. The cutting disc has a first assembly position and a second assembly position distributed circumferentially around it. The first assembly position is used to assemble a first cutting unit, and the second assembly position is used to assemble a second cutting unit.

[0005] Furthermore, the distance between the first cutting edge of the first cutting unit and the machined surface of the product is different from the distance between the second cutting edge of the second cutting unit and the machined surface of the product, so that the cutting amount of the first cutting edge is different from the cutting amount of the second cutting edge.

[0006] Furthermore, among the first and second cutting edges, the cutting amount of the cutting edge closest to the product's machined surface is equal to the product's machining allowance, while the cutting amount of the cutting edge farthest from the product's machined surface is greater than the product's machining allowance.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple first cutting units and multiple second cutting units; or, there are multiple first cutting units or multiple second cutting units.

[0008] In multiple first cutting units and / or multiple second cutting units, the cutting edges of each cutting unit are axially oriented toward the product machining surface, and the cutting amount of each cutting edge decreases progressively in the axial direction away from the product machining surface; or, each cutting edge is radially oriented toward the product machining surface along the cutter head, and the cutting amount of each cutting edge decreases or increases progressively in the circumferential direction of the cutter head.

[0009] Furthermore, the second assembly position and the first assembly position are evenly spaced on the cutter head around the circumference of the cutter head, and the second assembly position is used for the second cutting unit or counterweight to be detachably installed thereon.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first and second assembly positions are provided with assembly slots, which are formed from the outer side of the cutter head inward, and the bottom surface of the assembly slot is provided with fixing holes; both the first and second cutting units are provided with third connecting holes, and the fixing holes and the third connecting holes are connected together by connecting bolts to fix the first and second cutting units in the corresponding assembly slots.

[0011] The assembly groove extends radially outward through the outer side of the cutter head and axially through the lower end face of the cutter head. A fourth screw hole is provided on the upper end face of the cutter head, directly opposite the assembly groove. A fourth bolt is screwed into the fourth screw hole. The fourth bolt is used to press downward against the first or second cutting unit in the corresponding assembly groove.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first and second assembly positions are provided with assembly slots, which are formed from the outer side of the cutter head inward, and the bottom surface of the assembly slot is provided with fixing holes; the first cutting unit, the second cutting unit, and the counterweight are all provided with third connecting holes, and the fixing holes and the third connecting holes are connected together by connecting bolts to fix the first cutting unit, the second cutting unit, or the counterweight in the corresponding assembly slot.

[0013] The assembly groove extends radially outward through the outer surface of the cutter head and axially through the lower end face of the cutter head. A fourth screw hole is provided on the upper end face of the cutter head, directly opposite the assembly groove. A fourth bolt is screwed into the fourth screw hole. The fourth bolt is used to press downward against the first cutting unit, the second cutting unit, or the counterweight in the corresponding assembly groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the cutter head has a cutter ring and multiple ribs formed in the hollow space of the cutter ring. The outer ends of the multiple ribs are connected to the cutter ring, and the inner ends converge at the center of the cutter ring to form a converging part. The converging part is coaxially connected to the lower end of the cutter handle.

[0015] Furthermore, the first and second assembly positions are formed on the cutter ring at the positions where they connect with the corresponding ribs.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism and / or a second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism, wherein the first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of first adjustment members circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the tool holder, and the second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of second adjustment members circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the tool disc.

[0017] In summary, the machining tool of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Setting multiple assembly positions on the tool disc to assemble the first cutting unit and the second cutting unit can improve the machining efficiency of the machining tool. (2) The distance between the cutting edge of each cutting unit and the product machining surface is different, and it gradually decreases in the direction away from the product machining surface. The stepped cutting edge can reduce the wear of the cutting edge and extend the service life of the cutting edge. (3) The distance between the cutting edge of each cutting unit and the product can be adjusted to meet the needs of different occasions. (4) The second assembly position is a detachable assembly position, which allows the second cutting unit and the counterweight to be installed on it, improving the versatility and dynamic balance of the machining tool. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the machining tool of this utility model. Figure 1 The second assembly position shown is equipped with the second cutting unit.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the machining tool of this utility model. Figure 2 The second assembly position shown is equipped with a counterweight.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cutter head.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 An exploded view of the first assembly position.

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Longitudinal sectional view of the first assembly position.

[0025] The diagrams in the instruction manual are labeled as follows:

[0026] Tool holder 100; ring structure 110; first groove 120; tool disc 200; tool ring 210; second assembly position 211; first assembly position 212; assembly groove 213; third screw hole 214; third connecting hole 215; third bolt 216; fourth screw hole 217; fourth bolt 218; rib 220; collection part 230; boss 231; abutment surface 232; first connecting hole 233; connecting bolt 234; second groove 235; first cutting unit 300; first cutting edge 310; second cutting unit 300a; second cutting edge 320; first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 400; first adjustment hole 410; first adjustment column 420; second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 500; second adjustment hole 510; second adjustment column 520; counterweight 600. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] The following disclosure provides various embodiments or examples of different features for implementing this utility model. Specific examples of components and arrangements will be described below to simplify the utility model. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. For example, in the following description, forming a first component above or on a second component may include embodiments where the first and second components are in direct contact, or embodiments where other components may be formed between the first and second components such that the first and second components are not in direct contact. Additionally, reference numerals and / or characters may be repeated in various instances of the utility model. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or configurations.

[0029] Furthermore, spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "above," and "above" may be used herein to readily describe the relationship between one element or component and another element (or component) or component (or component) as shown in the figure. In addition to the orientations shown in the figure, spatial relation terms will encompass various different orientations of the device in use or operation. The device may be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations) and will be interpreted accordingly through the spatial relation descriptors used herein.

[0030] Furthermore, the technical parts described in this utility model and the appended claims are mainly the improved technical parts of this utility model, and do not limit the object protected by this utility model to only having these technical parts. Other known necessary components (structures and / or methods) and / or non-essential components of the protected object, other than the technical parts described in this utility model and the appended claims, are not included in this utility model and the appended claims because they do not involve the improvement scope of this utility model. However, this does not mean that the object protected by this utility model does not possess these known components.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of a machining tool according to the present invention is shown. Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of another structure of the machining tool of this utility model is shown. In the illustrated embodiment, the machining tool includes a tool holder 100, a cutter disc 200 disposed at the lower end of the tool holder 100, a first cutting unit 300 disposed on the cutter disc 200, a first dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 400 disposed at the periphery of the lower end of the tool holder 100, and a second dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 500 disposed at the periphery of the cutter disc 200. When the cutter disc 200 rotates, centrifugal force imbalance will cause the cutter disc 200 to vibrate or shake, which may accelerate tool wear and reduce tool life. The first dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 400 and the second dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 500 are both used to adjust the dynamic balance of the machining tool. By adjusting the counterweight and its position, the mass distribution of the tool is changed, thereby effectively eliminating the centrifugal force imbalance when the tool rotates, reducing the vibration and shaking of the cutter disc 200, making the rotation of the cutter disc 200 more balanced, and reducing the probability of safety accidents such as tool flying out. In this embodiment, both a first dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 400 (optional) and a second dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 500 (optional) are provided, allowing adjustment in both the axial and radial directions at two different positions. This increases the number of adjustment angles and improves the accuracy of dynamic balancing adjustment. Those skilled in the art will understand that in different embodiments, either the first dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 400 or the second dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 500 can be selectively configured on the machining tool, or other technical means can be used to ensure the dynamic balance of the machining tool meets the requirements. This also falls within the protection scope of the machining tool of this utility model.

[0032] The first dynamic balancing mechanism 400 includes a plurality of first adjusting members circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the tool holder 100. Each first adjusting member includes a first adjusting hole 410 radially disposed on the tool holder 100 and a matching first adjusting post 420. The matching first adjusting post 420 can be one or more. Depending on the counterweight adjustment, the balance can be adjusted by replacing the first adjusting post 420 with one of different masses, or by moving the first adjusting post 420 within the first adjusting hole 410. The first adjusting post 420 can be radially adjusted to its position within the first adjusting hole 410. The first adjusting hole 410 can be configured as a first screw hole, and the first adjusting post 420 can be a first bolt screwed into the first screw hole. During dynamic balancing, the first bolt can be screwed in or out (one adjustment method) according to the adjustment requirements to change its radial position (changing the distance of the first bolt from the axis of rotation), thereby achieving the corresponding dynamic balancing adjustment.

[0033] In another embodiment, the first adjusting member can also be configured to be arranged along the axial direction of the tool holder 100. That is, the first adjusting member includes a first adjusting hole 410 and a matching first adjusting post 420 arranged along the axial direction of the tool holder 100 on the tool holder 100. The first adjusting post 420 can be adjusted along the axial direction of the tool holder 100 to its position within the first adjusting hole 410. Similarly, the first adjusting hole 410 can also be configured as a first threaded hole, and the first adjusting post 420 can be correspondingly configured as a first bolt screwed into the first threaded hole. When adjusting the dynamic balance, the position of the first bolt can be adjusted up or down according to the adjustment requirements, so that the distance of the first bolt relative to the center of the connection between the tool holder 100 and the machining spindle changes, thereby achieving the corresponding dynamic balance adjustment.

[0034] The second dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 500 includes a plurality of second adjusting members circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the cutter head 200. Each second adjusting member includes a second adjusting hole 510 radially disposed on the cutter head 200 and a matching second adjusting column 520. The second adjusting column 520 can be adjusted radially within the second adjusting hole 510. There can be one or more matching second adjusting columns 520. Depending on the counterweight adjustment, different masses of second adjusting columns 520 can be replaced to adjust the balance, or the balance can be adjusted by moving the second adjusting column 520 within the second adjusting hole 510. The second adjusting hole 510 can be configured as a second threaded hole, and the second adjusting column 520 can be a second bolt screwed into the second threaded hole. During dynamic balancing, the second bolt can be screwed in or out according to the adjustment requirements to change its radial position (changing the distance of the second bolt from the rotation axis), thereby achieving the corresponding dynamic balancing adjustment.

[0035] In another embodiment, the second adjusting member can also be configured to be arranged along the axial direction of the cutter head 200. That is, the second adjusting member includes a second adjusting hole 510 arranged axially on the cutter head 200 and a matching second adjusting post 520, the second adjusting post 520 being able to adjust its position within the second adjusting hole 510 along the axial direction of the cutter head 200. Similarly, the second adjusting hole 510 can also be configured as a second threaded hole, and the second adjusting post 520 is correspondingly configured as a second bolt screwed into the second threaded hole. When adjusting the dynamic balance, the position of the second bolt can be adjusted upward or downward according to the adjustment requirements, so that the distance of the second bolt relative to the center of the connection between the tool holder 100 and the machining spindle changes, thereby achieving the corresponding dynamic balance adjustment.

[0036] To facilitate the assembly of the first dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 400 and its connection with the cutter head 200, the lower end of the cutter handle 100 is configured as an annular structure 110, and the plurality of first adjusting members are circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the annular structure 110. In this embodiment, the first dynamic balancing adjustment mechanism 400 includes two sets of first adjusting members symmetrically distributed around the outer periphery of the cutter handle 100 (e.g., the annular structure 110). The two sets of first adjusting members can be located at the same height or staggered in the height direction. Each set of first adjusting members includes a plurality of first adjusting members evenly spaced circumferentially. The spacing between any two adjacent first adjusting members in each set is equal, and each first adjusting member in each set is connected to a first adjusting member in the opposite set by a line passing through the center of the cutter handle 100. Exemplarily, the first adjusting hole 410 of each first adjusting member is radially opened on the outer peripheral surface of the annular structure 110.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the annular structure 110 at the lower end of the handle 100 can be formed as follows: a first groove 120 with its opening facing downwards is formed at the lower end of the handle 100, and the first groove 120 defines the lower end of the handle 100 as the annular structure 110. Setting the lower end of the handle 100 as the first groove 120 not only defines the lower end of the handle 100 as the annular structure 110 to facilitate the configuration of the first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 400, but also facilitates the assembly of the cutter head 200 to achieve multi-purpose performance, and optimizes the overall structure to reduce structural complexity. To facilitate the assembly of the cutter head 200 and ensure a tight fit between the cutter head 200 and the lower end of the handle 100, the first groove 120 can be configured as a conical groove with the smaller end facing upwards and the larger end facing downwards, and its groove wall is configured as a downwardly and outwardly inclined wall. Those skilled in the art should understand that the annular structure 110 is not limited to the above-described formation method. For example, directly assembling a split annular structure 110 to the lower end of the handle 100 also falls within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 The cutter head 200 has a cutter ring 210 and multiple (e.g., three) ribs 220 formed in the hollow space of the cutter ring 210. The outer ends of the multiple ribs 220 are connected to the inner side of the cutter ring 210, and the inner ends converge at the center of the cutter ring 210 to form a gathering part 230, which is used for coaxial connection to the lower end of the cutter handle 100.

[0039] The diameter of the cutter head 200 (cutter ring 210) is much larger than the diameter of the tool holder 100. For example, the planar dimension of the cutter head 200 can be larger than or adapted to the planar dimension of the machining surface, thereby eliminating the need for multi-blade machining in the machining process and solving the problem of tool marks caused by multi-blade machining. In this embodiment, to reduce the weight of the cutter head 200, it can be made of a low-density metal material such as aluminum alloy, and the interior of the cutter head 200 (cutter ring 210 and / or rib 220) can be hollowed out to make the cutter head 200 a hollow structure.

[0040] The inner end of the rib 220 is higher than the height of the blade ring 210, so that the height of the gathering portion 230 is higher than the height of the blade ring 210, so that after the gathering portion 230 is assembled to the lower end of the handle 100, the blade disc 200 is located below the handle 100. In this embodiment, the gathering portion 230 has a boss 231 protruding and connected to the first groove 120 and a supporting surface 232 surrounding the outer periphery of the boss 231, the supporting surface 232 being used to abut against the lower end face of the annular structure 110. Adapted to the conical groove described above, the boss 231 is configured as a conical platform adapted to the conical groove, the conical platform protruding and connected within the conical groove.

[0041] The collecting portion 230 can be connected to the lower end of the tool holder 100 by a threaded connection. For example, the collecting portion 230 is provided with a first connecting hole 233 extending vertically, and the bottom of the first groove 120 is provided with a second connecting hole (not shown in the figure) coaxially communicating with the first connecting hole 233. The first connecting hole 233 and the second connecting hole are connected together by a connecting bolt 234. In order to reduce the thickness of the collecting portion 230 and to allow the bolt head to sink to the lower end of the collecting portion 230, a second recessed groove 235 is provided on the lower side of the collecting portion 230. The lower end of the first connecting hole 233 penetrates the bottom surface of the second groove 235, and the depth of the second groove 235 is greater than the height of the bolt head of the connecting bolt 234.

[0042] Please continue reading Figure 2The aforementioned second adjusting members are circumferentially distributed at the cutter ring 210. For example, the second adjusting holes 510 of the aforementioned second adjusting members are evenly spaced around the cutter ring 210, and each second adjusting hole 510 is provided on the cutter ring 210 along the axial direction (the axial direction of the entire cutter), for example, axially located at the lower end, upper end, or axially penetrating the cutter ring 210. Those skilled in the art will understand that the arrangement of the second adjusting members is not limited to the adjustment method described here; for example, a similar arrangement to the first adjusting member described above can also be used. Those skilled in the art will also understand that even if the cutter ring 210 is hollowed out internally, the locations of the connecting holes or adjusting holes in the cutter ring 210 should not be hollowed out, so that the connecting holes and adjusting holes can better cooperate with the corresponding connecting bolts and adjusting bolts.

[0043] The cutter head 200 has a first mounting position 212 and a second mounting position 211 spaced around its circumference. The first mounting position 212 is used to mount a first cutting unit 300, and the second mounting position 211 can be used for detachably mounting a second cutting unit 300a. The first mounting position 212 and the second mounting position 211 can be located on the periphery of the cutter ring 210 described above. The structure of the second cutting unit 300a can be the same as or similar to the structure of the first cutting unit 300. Both the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a are located on the cutter head 200, for example, on its periphery. The structure of the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a depends on the product being processed in different embodiments, and can adopt any existing cutting unit structure, such as a cutting insert. Therefore, this document does not impose any limitations or elaborate excessively on the structure of the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a.

[0044] The first cutting unit 300 and / or the second cutting unit 300a can be non-detachably connected to the cutter head 200, for example, to the cutter ring 210, or they can be detachably connected to the cutter head 200, for example, to the cutter ring 210. In this embodiment, both the first mounting position 212 and the second mounting position are detachable mounting positions, used to allow the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a to be detachably connected to the corresponding mounting positions.

[0045] In this embodiment, the distance between the first cutting edge 310 of the first cutting unit 300 and the product machining surface is different from the distance between the second cutting edge 320 of the second cutting unit 300a and the product machining surface, so that the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 310 and the second cutting edge 320 are different. Among the first cutting edge 310 and the second cutting edge 320, the cutting amount of the cutting edge closest to the product machining surface is equal to the machining allowance of the product, and the cutting amount of the cutting edge farthest from the product machining surface is greater than the machining allowance of the product.

[0046] There are multiple first cutting units 300 and multiple second cutting units 300a; or, there are multiple first cutting units 300 or multiple second cutting units 300a. In the multiple first cutting units 300 and / or multiple second cutting units 300a, the cutting edge of each cutting unit is axially oriented towards the product machining surface, and the cutting amount of the cutting edge of each cutting unit gradually decreases axially away from the product machining surface; or, the cutting edge of each cutting unit is radially oriented towards the product machining surface along the cutter head, and the cutting amount of the cutting edge of each cutting unit gradually decreases or increases circumferentially along the cutter head.

[0047] For example, when the product machining surface is perpendicular to the machining spindle, the first cutting edge 310 and the second cutting edge 320 face the product machining surface along the axial direction of the machining tool. When the machining tool is distributed in a vertical direction, the first cutting edge 310 and the second cutting edge 320 are disposed on the lower end face of the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a. As another example, when the product machining surface is parallel to the machining spindle (the axis of the machining tool), for example, when both the product machining surface and the machining spindle are vertically distributed, the first cutting edge 310 and the second cutting edge 320 face the product machining surface along the radial direction of the machining tool (the radial direction of the tool head 200), that is, the first cutting edge 310 and the second cutting edge 320 are both disposed on the outer surface of the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a.

[0048] Taking one first assembly position 212 and two second assembly positions 211 in this embodiment as an example, a second cutting unit 300a is assembled in each of the two second assembly positions 211, so that a total of three cutting units (one first cutting unit 300 and two second cutting units 300a) are assembled on the cutter ring 210. The height (position in the axial or vertical direction) of the cutting edges of the three cutting units is not the same, that is, the distance between the cutting edge of each cutting unit and the machined surface is not the same. The cutting amount of the cutting edge closest to the machined surface is equal to the machining allowance of the product, and the cutting amount of the cutting edge farthest from the machined surface is less than the machining allowance of the product but greater than zero. Taking three cutting units as an example (one first cutting unit 300 and two second cutting units 300a), the first cutting unit 300 is located at the lowest position and is closest to the machined surface of the product. The cutting amount of the first cutting edge 310 of the first cutting unit 300 is equal to the machining allowance of the product. Assuming that the machining allowance is 2mm, then the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 310 is 2mm. Of the two second cutting units 300a, one is located at the highest position, furthest from the machined surface of the product, while the other is located in the middle position, with a distance from the machined surface less than that of the first cutting unit 300 and greater than that of the second cutting unit 300a at the highest position. For example, the cutting amount of the second cutting unit 300a at the middle position can be configured to 1.3 mm, and the cutting amount of the second cutting unit 300a at the highest position can be configured to 0.7 mm. Those skilled in the art will understand that the number of second cutting units 300a can be set according to different needs and is not limited to the three mentioned above. For example, there can be one, three, or more second cutting units 300a. It is only necessary that the height of each second cutting unit 300a is not the same as the height of the first cutting unit 300.

[0049] In this embodiment, each of the second assembly positions 211 can be equipped with a second cutting unit 300a, so that the vertical height of the cutting edge of the second cutting unit 300a is different. When processing the product, the surface of the product is cut in multiple levels by the cutting edge from low to high, and the machining allowance is distributed to the cutting edge at each height, reducing the wear of each cutting edge, increasing service life, improving processing efficiency, and also making the machining tool suitable for rough machining of the product surface.

[0050] Because the first cutting unit 300 has a certain weight, causing an imbalance in the counterweight of the machining tool, the first mounting position 212 and the second mounting position 211 can be configured to be evenly distributed around the periphery of the cutter head 200 (e.g., the periphery of the cutter ring 210) on the cutter head 200. For example, the two second mounting positions 211 and one first mounting position 212 in the attached figure are evenly distributed on the cutter ring 210. Furthermore, since the second mounting position 211, or the second mounting position 211 and the first mounting position 212, are detachable mounting positions, when only one cutting unit (e.g., the first cutting unit 300) is needed for machining, the remaining second mounting positions 211 can each replace the second cutting unit 300a with a counterweight adapted to the first cutting unit 300. Thus, either the second cutting unit 300a or the counterweight can be selectively mounted on the second mounting position 211. When the machining tool is used for finishing, the first cutting unit 300 can be retained, and the remaining second cutting units 300a can be replaced with counterweights to ensure the dynamic balance of the machining tool. When the machining tool is used for roughing or when higher machining efficiency is required, the counterweights are replaced with the second cutting units 300a. This increases the applicability and versatility of the machining tool while ensuring dynamic balance in various applications.

[0051] The two methods described above (configuring the second cutting unit 300a and configuring the counterweight) improve the versatility of the machining tool of this invention, allowing it to be used for both rough and finish machining of products. During rough machining, the counterweight on the cutter head 200 (which can be a counterweight block 600) can be replaced with the corresponding second cutting unit 300a. During finish machining, the second cutting unit 300a on the cutter head 200 can be replaced with the counterweight block 600. This solves both the counterweight and dynamic balance issues of the cutter head 200 and expands the applicability of the machining tool.

[0052] Based on the above method, the counterweight and the second cutting unit 300a of each second assembly position 211 can be installed in the second assembly position 211 in any existing detachable manner, such as by using a threaded connection to install either the counterweight 600 or the second cutting unit 300a in the second assembly position 211.

[0053] In this embodiment, the connection points between the cutter ring 210 and the ribs 220 are respectively used for the first assembly positions 212 and 211 of the first cutting unit 300. For example, the cutter ring 210 has three regions corresponding to the three ribs 220, one region being used as the first assembly position 212 for assembling the first cutting unit 300, and the other two regions serving as two second assembly positions 211. The three ribs 220 evenly divide the inner space of the cutter ring 210 into three parts, thus the first assembly position 212 and the two second assembly positions 211 are evenly distributed at intervals on the cutter ring 210. This method not only increases the overall strength and stability of the cutter ring 210, but also increases the strength of the first assembly positions 212 and the second assembly positions 211, ensuring that the corresponding cutting unit can be firmly assembled in each region, avoiding various adverse effects due to insufficient strength.

[0054] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 Assembly slots 213 are provided at the first assembly position 212 and the second assembly position 211. The assembly slots 213 are formed from the outer surface of the cutter head 200 (e.g., cutter ring 210) inwards. The assembly slots 213 extend radially outwards through the outer surface of the cutter head (cutter ring 210) and axially through the lower end face of the cutter ring 210. A fixing hole, such as a third screw hole 214, is provided on the bottom surface of the assembly slot 213 (the side facing the middle of the cutter ring 210). The third screw hole 214 can penetrate into the corresponding rib 220. Corresponding to this design, a third connecting hole 215 is coaxially provided on the first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, and the counterweight 600 at the position corresponding to the third screw hole 214. The third connecting hole 215 can be a threaded hole or a through hole. The fixing hole and the third connecting hole 215 are connected together using a connecting bolt, such as a third bolt 216.

[0055] In this embodiment, the third connecting hole 215 is configured as a through hole with a smooth inner wall. Correspondingly, a section of the third bolt 216 corresponding to this through hole can be configured as a smooth-surfaced cylinder, and the section of the third bolt 216 extending into the third threaded hole 214 is provided with external threads. The inner diameter of the third connecting hole 215 in the height direction is slightly larger than the diameter of the third bolt 216, so that the corresponding counterweight 600, the first cutting unit 300, or the second cutting unit 300a can be displaced a certain distance in the height direction. The third connecting hole 215 is directly set to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the third bolt 216, so that an adjustment gap 215a is generated between the third connecting hole 215 and the third bolt 216 in the height direction. This adjustment gap 215a is mainly used for the fine adjustment of the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a, so that the position of the cutting edge of each cutting unit in the height direction can be finely adjusted to meet more needs. To prevent the first cutting unit 300 or the second cutting unit 300a from moving upwards after height adjustment, ensuring effective cutting, a fourth screw hole 217 is provided on the upper end face of the cutter head 200 (e.g., the cutter ring 210) directly opposite the assembly groove 213. The fourth screw hole 217 is axially distributed and communicates with the assembly groove 213. A fourth bolt 218 is screwed into the fourth screw hole 217, and the fourth bolt 218 is used to press downwards against the first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600 within the corresponding assembly groove 213. Based on this embodiment, in any locked state at any height, the lower end of the fourth bolt 218 presses downwards against the corresponding first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600, preventing upward movement of the first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600 during machining.

[0056] When installing the first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600, firstly, screw the fourth bolt 218 upwards a certain distance to assemble the first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600 into the corresponding mounting slot 213. Then, screw the third bolt 216 inwards into the third bolt hole 214 so that the bolt cap of the third bolt 216 and the bottom surface of the mounting slot 213 cooperate to press the corresponding first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600. Then, screw the fourth bolt 218 downwards so that its lower end abuts against the corresponding first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600. When it is necessary to adjust the first cutting unit 300, the second cutting unit 300a, or the counterweight 600 downwards, simply loosen the third bolt 216 to allow the corresponding first cutting unit 300, second cutting unit 300a, or counterweight 600 to move downwards, and then screw the fourth bolt 218 in downwards to tighten it. When it is necessary to adjust the first cutting unit 300 upwards, first screw the fourth bolt 218 upwards a certain distance before adjusting and tightening it.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, the machining tool of this utility model can be adjusted for dynamic balance in the following manner:

[0058] First, use dynamic balancing equipment such as a dynamic balancing machine (suitable for high-precision dynamic balancing measurements, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1 g·mm) or a simple dynamic balancing stand (suitable for lower-precision dynamic balancing measurements) to measure the imbalance and phase (angular position) of the tool during rotation. When marking the direction of imbalance, it is usually indicated by "light touch" or "heavy touch". For example, on the tool head 200, the "heavy touch" position is marked in red and the "light touch" position is marked in green to facilitate subsequent adjustments.

[0059] Secondly, adjust the bolts or counterweights (such as the first bolt, second bolt, and counterweight mentioned above). Adjustments can be made in the following ways: (1) Add counterweights to the bolt holes at the "light" positions, such as by screwing in heavier bolts to change the mass distribution at that position; (2) Reduce counterweights in the bolt holes at the "heavy" positions, such as by shortening or removing bolts. For example, if a 10-gram screw was originally used, it can be replaced with an 8-gram screw to reduce the weight at that position; (3) Move the existing bolt positions. If the tool design allows, the existing bolt positions can be moved directly, such as by adjusting the bolt positions outwards or inwards. For example, moving the bolt outwards by 5mm changes its distance from the axis of rotation, thereby adjusting the imbalance.

[0060] Then, verification and iteration: After each adjustment, the imbalance and vibration of the cutter head 200 are retested using a dynamic balancing machine or a simple balancing stand. Adjustments and tests are continued until the vibration or deviation value is within the allowable range. For example, for a G6.3 grade cutter head 200, the allowable residual imbalance is 1.26 g·mm. When the test value approaches or reaches this standard, the adjustment is completed.

[0061] During the adjustment process, the values ​​for each adjustment can be obtained directly from the dynamic balancing machine or calculated manually. The dynamic balancing machine is a measuring device that, when testing the cutter head 200, can directly provide the unbalance amount in grams per millimeter (g·mm). It has high measurement accuracy, down to ±0.1 g·mm, providing a precise data basis for subsequent adjustments. When calculating manually, the unbalance amount can be calculated using the formula "unbalance amount = m × r". Here, m is the mass to be adjusted (grams), and r is the adjustment radius (distance from the center of the screw hole to the rotating shaft, millimeters). For example, if the mass to be adjusted is 3 grams and the adjustment radius is 50 millimeters, then the unbalance amount is 3 × 50 = 150 g·mm. The unbalance change after each adjustment is calculated as follows: unbalance change = bolt mass × movement distance. Assuming the bolt mass is 2 grams and the movement distance is 10 millimeters, then the unbalance change is 2 × 10 = 20 g·mm. By adjusting the movement distance of multiple bolts or adjusting bolts of different masses, the initial unbalance is gradually offset. For example, if the initial imbalance is 200 g·mm, you can first adjust one screw to make a change of -50 g·mm, and then adjust the other screws to gradually reduce the imbalance to the allowable range.

[0062] In summary, the machining tool of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Setting multiple assembly positions on the tool head 200 to assemble the first cutting unit 300 and the second cutting unit 300a can improve the machining efficiency of the machining tool. (2) The distance between the cutting edge of each cutting unit and the product machining surface is different, and it gradually decreases in the direction away from the product machining surface. The stepped cutting edge can reduce the wear of the cutting edge and extend the service life of the cutting edge. (3) The distance between the cutting edge of each cutting unit and the product can be adjusted to meet the needs of different occasions. (4) The second assembly position 211 is a detachable assembly position, which allows the second cutting unit 300a and the counterweight to be installed on it, improving the versatility and dynamic balance of the machining tool. (5) By setting a first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 400 at the lower end of the tool holder 100 and / or setting a second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 500 on the tool disc 200, the tool disc 200 of the machining tool can be configured as a larger size tool disc 200. The larger size tool disc 200 is precisely dynamically balanced by the first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 400 and / or the second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 500 to ensure that the dynamic balance of the tool disc 200 meets the requirements. When machining the machining surface of the product of the corresponding size, the machining surface can be completed in one go, solving the problem of needing multiple cuts due to insufficient tool plane size, solving the problem of tool joint marks on the product surface due to multiple cuts, and improving the product yield. (6) Through the first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 400 and / or the second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 500, the dynamic balance of different tool discs 200 detachable from the tool holder 100 can be adjusted according to their own situation to ensure that the dynamic balance of each tool disc 200 meets the requirements. (7) The cutter head 200 is configured with a cutter ring 210 and ribs 220, which can reduce the weight of the cutter head 200 while ensuring its strength. (8) The ribs 220 are evenly distributed inside the cutter ring 210, and their connection with the cutter ring 210 is also evenly spaced around the cutter ring 210, increasing the strength of the connection. Placing the installation area of ​​the cutting unit and counterweight at this connection ensures the installation strength and connection stability of the cutting unit and counterweight, eliminating the need to add reinforcements in the installation area of ​​the cutting unit and counterweight, thus reducing both the weight of the cutter head 200 and the structural complexity. (9) The gathering part 230 is composed of multiple ribs 220, and its strength meets the requirements. The gathering part 230 can be directly configured as a connection part that can be detachably connected to the lower end of the tool holder 100 to ensure the connection strength between the tool disc 200 and the tool holder 100. The gathering part 230 is coaxial with the tool disc 200. After being assembled on the tool holder 100, it is coaxial with the tool holder 100 to ensure that the axis does not deviate from the rotation center.(10) The tapered first groove 120 provided at the lower end of the handle 100 can define the annular structure 110 to facilitate the assembly of the first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism 400, guide the assembly of the collection part 230, and press the collection part 230 into the first groove 120 when connecting the collection part 230 to increase the connection strength and stability.

[0063] The above embodiments only illustrate preferred implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A machining tool, comprising a tool holder and a tool disc disposed at the lower end of the tool holder, characterized in that: The cutter head has a first assembly position and a second assembly position that are spaced apart around its circumference. The first assembly position is used to assemble a first cutting unit, and the second assembly position is used to assemble a second cutting unit.

2. The machining tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the first cutting edge of the first cutting unit and the machined surface of the product is different from the distance between the second cutting edge of the second cutting unit and the machined surface of the product, so that the cutting amount of the first cutting edge is different from the cutting amount of the second cutting edge.

3. The machining tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In the first and second cutting edges, the cutting amount of the cutting edge closest to the product's machined surface is equal to the product's machining allowance, while the cutting amount of the cutting edge farthest from the product's machined surface is greater than the product's machining allowance.

4. The machining tool as described in claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple first cutting units and multiple second cutting units; or, there are multiple first cutting units or multiple second cutting units. In multiple first cutting units and / or multiple second cutting units, the cutting edges of each cutting unit are axially oriented toward the product machining surface, and the cutting amount of each cutting edge decreases progressively in the axial direction away from the product machining surface; or, each cutting edge is radially oriented toward the product machining surface along the cutter head, and the cutting amount of each cutting edge decreases or increases progressively in the circumferential direction of the cutter head.

5. The machining tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second assembly position and the first assembly position are evenly spaced on the cutter head around the circumference of the cutter head. The second assembly position is used for the second cutting unit or counterweight to be detachably installed thereon.

6. The machining tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first and second assembly positions are provided with assembly slots, which are formed from the outer side of the cutter head inward. The bottom surface of the assembly slot is provided with a fixing hole. Both the first and second cutting units are provided with third connecting holes. The fixing hole and the third connecting hole are connected together by a connecting bolt to fix the first and second cutting units in the corresponding assembly slots. The assembly groove extends radially outward through the outer side of the cutter head and axially through the lower end face of the cutter head. A fourth screw hole is provided on the upper end face of the cutter head, directly opposite the assembly groove. A fourth bolt is screwed into the fourth screw hole. The fourth bolt is used to press downward against the first or second cutting unit in the corresponding assembly groove.

7. The machining tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Both the first and second assembly positions are provided with assembly slots, which are formed from the outer side of the cutter head inward. The bottom surface of the assembly slot is provided with a fixing hole. The first cutting unit, the second cutting unit, and the counterweight are all provided with third connecting holes. The fixing holes and the third connecting holes are connected together by connecting bolts to fix the first cutting unit, the second cutting unit, or the counterweight in the corresponding assembly slot. The assembly groove extends radially outward through the outer surface of the cutter head and axially through the lower end face of the cutter head. A fourth screw hole is provided on the upper end face of the cutter head, directly opposite the assembly groove. A fourth bolt is screwed into the fourth screw hole. The fourth bolt is used to press downward against the first cutting unit, the second cutting unit, or the counterweight in the corresponding assembly groove.

8. The machining tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter head has a cutter ring and multiple ribs formed in the hollow space of the cutter ring. The outer ends of the multiple ribs are connected to the cutter ring, and the inner ends converge at the center of the cutter ring to form a converging part. The converging part is coaxially connected to the lower end of the cutter handle.

9. The machining tool as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The first assembly position and the second assembly position are formed on the cutter ring at the positions where they connect with the corresponding ribs.

10. The machining tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism and / or a second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism. The first dynamic balance adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of first adjustment elements circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the tool holder, and the second dynamic balance adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of second adjustment elements circumferentially distributed around the periphery of the tool disc.

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