A coaxial shielding gas device for laser welding

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coaxial blow protection gas device for laser welding relates to laser welding technical field, including laser output cover, protection gas cover, support support pole, top tight screw, gas nozzle connector, laser transmission cavity, protection gas chamber, annular protection gas output, conical laser output mouth, connecting gas nozzle hole. The utility model discloses simple structure, and the processing cost is low, and the airflow of protection gas has reduced the interference to laser stability, has realized high quality, high stability, low -cost laser welding protection, is applicable to new energy automobile, precision electronics etc. High -end manufacturing field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular to a coaxial blowing protective gas device for laser welding. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding, with its advantages of high energy density, non-contact processing, and precision control, is gradually replacing traditional welding processes. Breakthroughs in fiber lasers have significantly improved efficiency and reliability, driving the large-scale application of laser welding in fields such as new energy vehicles (batteries, car bodies), consumer electronics (mobile phones, sensors), and precision instruments. Today, combined with automation and intelligent inspection technologies, laser welding has become an indispensable process in high-end manufacturing, representing the direction of modern industry's transformation towards high efficiency, greenness, and intelligence.

[0003] Blowing a shielding gas onto the surface of the welded workpiece is a crucial factor in improving weld quality. Its function is to protect the molten pool from oxidation by air and to disperse metal spatter and plasma interference generated during laser welding, playing a vital role in laser welding. Generally, there are two types of shielding gas blowing methods: side-axis blowing and coaxial blowing. Side-axis blowing involves blowing the gas at a specific angle from back to front along the welding direction towards the weld, and its setup is simple and easy to implement. Coaxial blowing involves blowing the welding laser and the gas channel coaxially towards the weld. Due to the rapid development of welding robots and automation technology, side-axis blowing is not suitable for more flexible and complex welding methods, such as flying welding of curved welds. Coaxial blowing offers significant advantages in this regard, providing sufficient protection to the weld regardless of its direction or angle of travel.

[0004] Existing coaxial shielding gas blowing devices generally suffer from complex designs and excessively large and long dimensions, resulting in high production and processing costs or even making them difficult to manufacture. They are also sensitive to machining errors. Secondly, some designs place the welding laser and shielding gas transmission in the same chamber, causing the shielding gas flow to affect the stability of the welding laser transmission. In addition, the traditional long tubular structure design for coaxial transmission results in insufficient gas flow pressure due to excessive distance, and high-temperature metal vapor will propagate upwards along the tube, accumulating heat effects and causing the coaxial nozzle to overheat, affecting performance and reducing service life.

[0005] Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to developing a coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the existing coaxial blowing protective gas device has a complex structure, large size, high processing cost, and interference of the protective gas flow on laser stability.

[0007] The applicant analyzed that existing coaxial protective gas blowing devices are complex in structure, bulky, and costly to manufacture. Furthermore, the protective gas and welding laser share a cavity for transmission, which interferes with laser stability. High-temperature metal vapor accumulates in the long tubular structure, posing a risk of overheating at the nozzle. The applicant simplifies the structural design, providing a compact and easily manufactured modular device; isolates the laser and gas transmission, eliminating interference with laser stability; and optimizes thermal management to prevent the accumulation of high-temperature metal vapor in the long tubular structure, reducing the risk of nozzle overheating and extending the device's lifespan.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a coaxial blowing protective gas device for laser welding is provided, comprising: a laser output cover, a protective gas cover, a support rod, a tightening screw, a gas nozzle connector, a laser transmission cavity, a protective gas chamber, an annular protective gas output port, a conical laser output nozzle, and a connecting gas nozzle hole;

[0009] The laser output cover is a hollow cylinder without a lower surface. The upper surface is provided with a coaxial circular through hole to form a laser transmission cavity. The laser transmission cavity extends downward to form a conical laser output nozzle. The inner diameter of the smallest part of the conical laser output nozzle must be larger than the diameter of the welding laser beam to ensure that the transmission of the welding laser beam does not contact the conical laser output nozzle. The laser transmission cavity and the conical laser output nozzle constitute the transmission channel of the welding laser beam.

[0010] The protective gas cover is a hollow cylinder without an upper surface, coaxial with the laser output cover. A coaxial circular through hole with a diameter larger than the conical laser output nozzle is set at the center of the lower surface. The conical laser output nozzle passes through the circular through hole of the protective gas cover downwards, and an annular protective gas output port is formed between the circular through hole of the protective gas cover and the conical laser output nozzle.

[0011] The laser output cover and the protective gas cover are connected by a screw seal. The inside of the laser output cover and the protective gas cover forms a protective gas chamber with the outer wall of the conical laser output nozzle, which isolates the welding laser beam from the protective gas. The laser output cover has a connecting gas nozzle hole on its circumference, which is connected to the gas nozzle connector of the connecting gas pipe in a detachable rigid fixed seal manner. The protective gas enters the protective gas chamber through the gas nozzle connector and is discharged from the annular protective gas output port. The working distance of the annular protective gas output port can be adjusted by rotating the protective gas cover.

[0012] One end of the support rod is detachably and rigidly fixed to the output part of the external welding head, and the other end of the support rod is detachably and rigidly semi-fixed to the laser output cover. The position of the laser output cover is adjusted by adjusting the position of the support rod to ensure that the focal point of the welding laser beam is outside the conical laser output nozzle.

[0013] Optionally, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the shielding gas cover is located inside the laser output cover, the inner diameter of the laser output cover is equal to the outer diameter of the shielding gas cover, screws are provided along the inner diameter of the laser output cover, and screws are provided along the outer diameter of the shielding gas cover.

[0014] Optionally, in the coaxial blowing protective gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the protective gas cover is located outside the laser output cover, the outer diameter of the laser output cover is equal to the inner diameter of the protective gas cover, the laser output cover is provided with screws along the outer diameter, and the protective gas cover is provided with screws along the inner diameter.

[0015] Optionally, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in any of the above embodiments, the detachable rigid fixing method adopts screw connection.

[0016] Optionally, in the coaxial blow protective gas device for laser welding in any of the above embodiments, the detachable rigid semi-fixed connection between the support rod and the laser output cover is achieved by tightening the screws radially along the support rod.

[0017] Furthermore, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, support rod holes are symmetrically arranged around the laser output cover, and tightening screw holes are arranged radially along the support rod holes. The support rod passes through the support rod holes, and the position of the laser output cover is adjusted by sliding the support rod and tightening it with the tightening screws to ensure that the focal position of the welding laser beam is outside the conical laser output nozzle.

[0018] Preferably, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the focal position of the welding laser beam is 8 mm away from the conical laser output nozzle.

[0019] Preferably, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the focal position of the welding laser beam is 12mm away from the annular shielding gas output port.

[0020] Optionally, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in any of the above embodiments, multiple connecting nozzle holes are evenly arranged around the circumference of the laser output cover, and an equal number of nozzle connectors are inserted to ensure the uniformity of the gas pressure of the shielding gas ejected from the annular shielding gas output port.

[0021] Furthermore, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the number of connecting gas nozzle holes is two.

[0022] Furthermore, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the diameter of the gas nozzle connector is 5mm.

[0023] Preferably, in the coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding in the above embodiments, the minimum inner diameter of the conical laser output nozzle is 5mm, and the welding laser beam at the same position is about 1mm.

[0024] This invention physically isolates the laser transmission cavity from the protective gas chamber, achieving independent laser transmission through a conical laser output nozzle. This avoids gas disturbance and significantly reduces processing difficulty and manufacturing costs, while also facilitating maintenance and replacement of damaged components. The protective gas hood and laser output hood are connected by threads, and the working distance of the annular protective gas output port can be adjusted by rotation to accommodate different welding focal points. The length of the laser output nozzle is adjusted by the length of the support rod, reducing the contamination of the welding head by metal vapor rising directly along the pipe wall. The annular gas transmission setting also lowers the temperature of the conical laser output nozzle. This invention features a simple structure, low processing cost, and reduces the interference of protective gas flow on laser stability, achieving high-quality, high-stability, and low-cost laser welding protection. It is suitable for high-end manufacturing fields such as new energy vehicles and precision electronics.

[0025] The following will further explain the concept, specific structure and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of this utility model. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding, as an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view along the x-plane of a coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding, as described in an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view along the y-plane of a coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding, as described in an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] x, transverse section; y, longitudinal section; 1, support rod; 2, laser output cover; 3, protective gas cover; 4, tightening screw; 5, gas nozzle connector; 6, laser transmission cavity; 7, protective gas chamber; 8, annular protective gas outlet; 9, conical laser output nozzle; 10, connecting gas nozzle hole; 11, tightening screw hole; 12, support rod hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates several preferred embodiments of the present invention to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical designation, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical designations. The dimensions and thicknesses of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary, and this invention does not limit the dimensions and thicknesses of each component. To make the illustrations clearer, the thickness of components is schematically exaggerated in some places in the drawings.

[0033] The applicant has designed a coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a laser output cover, a protective gas cover, a support rod, a tightening screw, a gas nozzle connector, a laser transmission cavity, a protective gas chamber, an annular protective gas output port, a conical laser output nozzle, and a connecting gas nozzle hole;

[0034] The laser output cover is a hollow cylinder without a lower surface. The upper surface is provided with a coaxial circular through hole to form a laser transmission cavity. The laser transmission cavity extends downward to form a conical laser output nozzle. The inner diameter of the smallest part of the conical laser output nozzle is larger than the diameter of the welding laser beam to ensure that the welding laser beam transmission does not contact the conical laser output nozzle. The laser transmission cavity and the conical laser output nozzle constitute the transmission channel of the welding laser beam. The minimum inner diameter of the conical laser output nozzle is 5mm, and the welding laser beam at the same position is about 1mm.

[0035] Support rod holes are symmetrically arranged around the laser output cover, and tightening screw holes are arranged radially along the support rod holes. The support rod passes through the support rod holes, and the position of the laser output cover is adjusted by sliding the support rod and tightening the screws to ensure that the focal point of the welding laser beam is outside the conical laser output nozzle, and the focal point of the welding laser beam is 8mm away from the conical laser output nozzle.

[0036] The protective gas cover is a hollow cylinder without an upper surface, coaxial with the laser output cover. A coaxial circular through hole with a diameter larger than the conical laser output nozzle is set at the center of the lower surface. The conical laser output nozzle passes through the circular through hole of the protective gas cover downwards, and an annular protective gas output port is formed between the circular through hole of the protective gas cover and the conical laser output nozzle.

[0037] The protective gas hood is located inside the laser output hood. The inner diameter of the laser output hood is equal to the outer diameter of the protective gas hood. Screws are installed along the inner diameter of the laser output hood and along the outer diameter of the protective gas hood. The laser output hood and the protective gas hood are connected by a screw seal. The interior of the laser output hood and the protective gas hood, together with the outer wall of the conical laser output nozzle, form a protective gas chamber, isolating the welding laser beam from the protective gas. Connecting gas nozzle holes are set around the circumference of the laser output hood. Two connecting gas nozzle holes are evenly arranged around the circumference of the laser output hood. An equal number of gas nozzle connectors are inserted. The diameter of the gas nozzle connectors is 5mm to ensure the uniformity of the gas pressure emitted from the annular protective gas output port. The gas nozzle connectors of the connecting gas pipe are connected by a detachable rigid fixed seal. The protective gas enters the protective gas chamber through the gas nozzle connectors and is discharged from the annular protective gas output port. The working distance of the annular protective gas output port is adjusted by rotating the protective gas hood. The focal position of the welding laser beam is 12mm away from the annular protective gas output port.

[0038] One end of the support rod is detachably and rigidly fixed to the output part of the external welding head, and the other end of the support rod is detachably and rigidly semi-fixed to the laser output cover. The position of the laser output cover can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the support rod to ensure that the focal point of the welding laser beam is outside the conical laser output nozzle.

[0039] In this embodiment, the detachable rigid fixing method uses screw connection, the detachable rigid semi-fixed connection method uses tightening screws to tighten radially along the support rod, and the detachable rigid fixing sealing method uses screw connection.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of this utility model without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of this utility model through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A coaxial blowing shielding gas device for laser welding, characterized in that, include: Laser output cover, protective gas cover, support rod, tightening screw, gas nozzle connector, laser transmission cavity, protective gas chamber, annular protective gas output port, conical laser output nozzle, connecting gas nozzle hole; The laser output cover is a hollow cylinder without a lower surface. The upper surface is provided with a coaxial circular through hole to form the laser transmission cavity. The laser transmission cavity extends downward to form the conical laser output nozzle. The inner diameter of the smallest part of the conical laser output nozzle is larger than the diameter of the welding laser beam to ensure that the welding laser beam transmission does not contact the conical laser output nozzle. The laser transmission cavity and the conical laser output nozzle constitute the transmission channel of the welding laser beam. The protective gas cover is a hollow cylinder without an upper surface, coaxial with the laser output cover, and a coaxial circular through hole is provided at the center of the lower surface. The diameter of the circular through hole is larger than that of the conical laser output nozzle. The conical laser output nozzle passes through the circular through hole of the protective gas cover downwards, and the annular protective gas output port is formed between the circular through hole of the protective gas cover and the conical laser output nozzle. The laser output cover and the protective gas cover are connected by a screw seal. The interior of the laser output cover and the protective gas cover forms the protective gas chamber with the outer wall of the conical laser output nozzle, thus isolating the welding laser beam from the protective gas. The laser output cover has a connecting gas nozzle hole on its circumference, which is connected to the gas nozzle connector of the connecting gas pipe in a detachable rigid fixed seal manner. The protective gas enters the protective gas chamber through the gas nozzle connector and is discharged from the annular protective gas outlet. The working distance of the annular protective gas outlet can be adjusted by rotating the protective gas cover. One end of the support rod is detachably and rigidly fixed to the output component of the external welding head, and the other end of the support rod is detachably and rigidly semi-fixed to the laser output cover. The position of the laser output cover is adjusted by adjusting the position of the support rod to ensure that the focal point of the welding laser beam is outside the conical laser output nozzle.

2. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective gas shroud is located inside the laser output shroud. The inner diameter of the laser output shroud is equal to the outer diameter of the protective gas shroud. Screws are installed along the inner diameter of the laser output shroud and along the outer diameter of the protective gas shroud.

3. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective gas shroud is located outside the laser output shroud. The outer diameter of the laser output shroud is equal to the inner diameter of the protective gas shroud. Screws are installed along the outer diameter of the laser output shroud and along the inner diameter of the protective gas shroud.

4. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The detachable rigid fixing method uses screw connection.

5. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The detachable rigid semi-fixed connection method adopts the method of tightening the top screw along the radial direction of the support rod.

6. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The laser output cover is symmetrically provided with support rod holes around its periphery, and tightening screw holes are provided radially along the support rod holes. The support rod passes through the support rod holes, and the position of the laser output cover is adjusted by sliding the support rod and tightening it with the tightening screws to ensure that the focal point of the welding laser beam is outside the conical laser output nozzle.

7. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The focal point of the welding laser beam is 8 mm away from the conical laser output nozzle.

8. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The focal position of the welding laser beam is 12mm away from the annular protective gas outlet.

9. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple connecting nozzle holes are evenly arranged around the circumference of the laser output cover. Inserting an equal number of nozzle connectors ensures the uniformity of the gas pressure emitted from the annular protective gas output port.

10. The coaxial blow shielding gas device for laser welding as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The number of connecting air nozzle holes is 2.

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