Hydrogen energy battery module laser welding device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of hydrogen energy battery module laser welding equipment, including multi-axis manipulator, laser welding galvanometer system, tooling assembly and workbench, laser welding galvanometer system is installed on multi-axis manipulator, tooling assembly is installed on workbench;Laser welding galvanometer system includes annular facula laser, galvanometer collimating module, scanning galvanometer assembly and focusing field lens module;Tooling assembly from below to above sequentially includes tooling bottom plate and tooling top plate, and several welding copper nozzles are installed on tooling top plate, and several clamps are installed on the tooling bottom plate outside tooling top plate.The utility model uses the processing mode of annular facula laser and scanning galvanometer, can effectively solve the problem of laser high reflection in copper welding process, and annular light can suppress splashing, reduce the pore generated by welding, can improve weld quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy battery manufacturing, and in particular to a laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of hydrogen energy technology, fuel cell modules, as core components, have their manufacturing processes directly affecting battery performance and reliability. Laser welding technology, due to its advantages such as high precision and low heat impact, has become the preferred key connection process for hydrogen energy battery modules. However, existing laser welding methods, when applied to copper welding, are prone to problems such as weld porosity and high laser reflection, leading to poor welding and shortened lifespan of the battery module.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent publication number CN114260638A, which discloses a rotary welding and clamping device for hydrogen fuel cell bipolar plates. This device allows workpieces to complete two welding processes on the same fixture, ensuring that the welding quality of the product meets requirements. It includes: a base; a lower mold positioning plate, the upper surface of which forms a workpiece positioning cavity in its central area; an upper mold flipping positioning plate, which includes a flipping outer frame, an inner pressure plate, and several inner pressure plate positioning cylinders on both sides. The inner pressure plate has a contoured positioning cavity at its center facing the workpiece positioning cavity. The inner pressure plate is located within the central cavity of the flipping outer frame. Corresponding inner pressure plate positioning cylinders are fixed on the long sides of the flipping outer frame. Each inner pressure plate positioning cylinder has a positioning pin connected to its inner output end. The positioning pin is used to position the inner pressure plate relative to the center position of the flipping outer frame. The gap between the inner edge wall of the flipping outer frame and the outer edge wall of the inner pressure plate is used for welding operations on all four sides of the product; and an angle rotation cylinder. This solution only addresses secondary clamping errors through a mechanical rotation structure, without addressing real-time compensation for visual correction and infrared ranging. It cannot dynamically adjust the welding position and height, and it is difficult to suppress spatter and porosity during copper welding.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the designer actively researched and innovated in order to create a laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules, making it more valuable for industrial applications. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a laser welding device for hydrogen energy battery modules.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules includes a multi-axis robot, a laser welding galvanometer system, tooling components, and a worktable. The laser welding galvanometer system is mounted on the multi-axis robot, and the tooling components are mounted on the worktable.

[0008] The laser welding galvanometer system includes a ring spot laser, a galvanometer collimation module, a scanning galvanometer assembly, and a focusing field mirror module;

[0009] Ring-shaped lasers are used to generate composite beams with different power levels at the center and on the outer ring.

[0010] The galvanometer collimation module collimates the composite beam output from the ring-spot laser into a parallel beam;

[0011] The scanning galvanometer assembly controls the scanning trajectory of the laser beam by oscillating the X-axis and Y-axis mirrors;

[0012] The focusing field lens module is used to focus the scanned parallel beam onto the surface of the workpiece to be welded and form a spot with an annular energy distribution.

[0013] The tooling assembly, from bottom to top, includes a tooling base plate and a tooling top plate. Several welding copper nozzles are installed on the tooling top plate, and several clamps are installed on the tooling base plate outside the tooling top plate.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, a vision component and a rangefinder are respectively installed on both sides of the detection mounting bracket on one side of the galvanometer collimation module.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, the vision component is a CCD camera and the rangefinder is an infrared rangefinder.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, an air knife assembly is installed at an angle on one side below the focusing field lens module.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, a coaxial welding protective gas is blown into the welding copper nozzle.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, the tooling base plate is mounted on the workbench below by several support frames.

[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, the tooling top plate can move up and down relative to the tooling bottom plate below.

[0020] As a further improvement of this utility model, several limiting blocks are installed on the tooling base plate below the tooling top plate.

[0021] As a further improvement of this utility model, the multi-axis robot is a six-axis robot.

[0022] As a further improvement of this utility model, the fixture is mounted on the tooling base plate below via a fixture mounting bracket, and the fixture is an elbow clamp.

[0023] By means of the above solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0024] This invention employs a ring-shaped laser and scanning galvanometer processing method, which can effectively solve the problem of high laser reflection during copper welding. Furthermore, the ring-shaped light can suppress spatter, reduce porosity during welding, and improve weld quality.

[0025] This invention employs a scanning galvanometer processing method, which provides a larger working area and enables the processing of multiple welding points with a single position movement, thereby shortening equipment movement time and improving work efficiency.

[0026] This invention utilizes a ring-shaped laser spot combined with a coaxial welding shielding gas inside the welding nozzle to further reduce reflectivity and spatter during welding.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following are the preferred embodiments of this utility model and are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules according to this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding galvanometer system;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tooling component.

[0032] The meanings of the labels in the figures are as follows.

[0033] 1. Multi-axis robot arm; 2. Laser welding galvanometer system; 3. Tooling components; 4. Worktable;

[0034] 21. Galvanometer collimation module; 22. Focusing field lens module; 23. Inspection mounting bracket; 24. Vision assembly; 25. Rangefinder; 26. Air knife assembly;

[0035] Support frame 31, tooling base plate 32, tooling top plate 33, welding copper nozzle 34, limit block 35, fixture mounting frame 36, fixture 37. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The first embodiment of this utility model:

[0039] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules mainly includes a multi-axis robot 1, a laser welding galvanometer system 2, a tooling assembly 3, and a worktable 4. The laser welding galvanometer system 2 is mounted on the multi-axis robot 1, and the tooling assembly 3 is mounted on the worktable 4. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the multi-axis robot 1 is a six-axis robot.

[0040] like Figure 2 The laser welding galvanometer system 2 in this embodiment mainly includes a ring spot laser, a galvanometer collimation module 21, a scanning galvanometer assembly, and a focusing field mirror module 22.

[0041] A ring-shaped laser is used to generate a composite beam with different power at the center and at the outer ring. As an external light source, the ring-shaped laser transmits the laser beam to the collimation module 2 of the galvanometer system via optical fiber, generating a laser beam with a ring-shaped energy distribution (high energy at the center + auxiliary energy at the outer ring). This is used to improve the high reflection problem during copper welding and to suppress spatter and porosity.

[0042] The galvanometer collimation module 21 collimates the composite beam output from the ring-shaped laser into a parallel beam. Located at the entrance of the scanning galvanometer and connected to the fiber optic output, the galvanometer collimation module 21 converts the diverging laser beam transmitted from the fiber optic cable into a parallel beam, reducing the beam divergence angle and providing a basis for subsequent scanning and focusing.

[0043] The scanning galvanometer assembly controls the scanning trajectory of the laser beam by tilting the X-axis and Y-axis mirrors. The scanning galvanometer consists of two sets of mirrors driven by high-speed servo motors (typically the X-axis and Y-axis).

[0044] The focusing field lens module 22 is used to focus the scanned parallel beam onto the surface of the workpiece to be welded, forming a spot with an annular energy distribution. Located at the exit of the scanning galvanometer, close to the workpiece to be welded, it focuses the parallel beam reflected by the scanning galvanometer onto the workpiece surface, forming a tiny spot to ensure sufficient energy density to melt the material.

[0045] The above laser welding process can be briefly described as follows:

[0046] 1. Laser generation and transmission:

[0047] The ring-shaped laser outputs a composite beam with a center power of 1500W and an outer ring power of 1800W.

[0048] The laser beam is transmitted via optical fiber to the galvanometer collimation module of the galvanometer system.

[0049] 2. Collimation process:

[0050] The lens group in the galvanometer collimation module converts the diverging laser beam into a parallel beam with a diameter of about 6-10mm, ensuring beam quality.

[0051] 3. Trajectory control of the scanning galvanometer assembly:

[0052] The scanning galvanometer assembly consists of two sets of mirrors driven by high-speed servo motors (typically for the X and Y axes).

[0053] The control system calculates the swing angle of the reflector based on the preset welding trajectory (such as a straight line or an arc), so that the laser beam moves quickly on the surface of the workpiece to draw the required weld shape.

[0054] 4. Focus and Materials Processing:

[0055] The focusing field lens module focuses a parallel beam of light onto the surface of the workpiece, forming a light spot with a diameter of approximately 0.2-1 mm.

[0056] The energy distribution characteristics of the annular spot (high energy in the center to melt the material, and energy in the outer ring to preheat the surrounding area) effectively reduce the reflectivity of the copper material and suppress molten pool splashing.

[0057] 5. The laser welding galvanometer system achieves thousands of spot position switches per second by rapidly adjusting the angle of the reflector, and, in conjunction with the macroscopic positioning of the six-axis robot, completes complex welding paths.

[0058] A vision module 24 and a rangefinder 25 are respectively mounted on two sides of the detection mounting bracket 23 on one side of the galvanometer collimation module 21. The vision module 24 is a CCD camera, and the rangefinder 25 is an infrared rangefinder. An air knife assembly 26 is mounted at an angle on one side below the focusing field lens module 22.

[0059] like Figure 3 The tooling assembly 3 includes a tooling base plate 32 and a tooling top plate 33 from bottom to top. Several welding copper nozzles 34 are installed on the tooling top plate 33, and several clamps 37 are installed on the tooling base plate 32 outside the tooling top plate 33.

[0060] The tooling base plate 32 is mounted on the worktable 4 below via several support frames 31. The tooling top plate 33 is mounted on the tooling base plate 32.

[0061] Furthermore, the top tooling plate 33 can move up and down relative to the bottom tooling plate 32 below it. Several limiting blocks 35 are installed on the bottom tooling plate 32 below the top tooling plate 33. That is, the top tooling plate 33 is mounted on the bottom tooling plate 32 via a guide shaft and guide bearings, allowing the top tooling plate 33 to move up and down on the bottom tooling plate 32. Coaxial holes can be pre-set on the guide shaft and guide bearings, into which cylindrical or tapered pins can be inserted to form rigid stops, restricting axial or radial displacement.

[0062] The fixture 37 is mounted on the tooling base plate 32 below via the fixture mounting bracket 36, and the fixture 37 is an elbow clamp.

[0063] Coaxial welding shielding gas is blown into the welding nozzle 34.

[0064] The second embodiment of this utility model:

[0065] In this embodiment, the multi-axis robot 1 adopts an industrial six-axis robot structure to control the laser welding galvanometer system 2 to complete the laser processing of the preset welding program. A fixture assembly 3 is fixed on the worktable 4. After the hydrogen energy battery module is placed on the fixture top plate 33 and fixed by several clamps 37, the multi-axis robot 1 drives the laser welding galvanometer system 2 to the preset robot trajectory program position, thereby triggering the vision assembly 24 to scan and position the hydrogen energy module product, visually correcting the positional deviation, and providing the deviation value to the multi-axis robot 1. After calculation and processing, deviation compensation is performed in the X and Y directions. Simultaneously, the rangefinder 25 is triggered. The distance from the rangefinder 25 to the surface of the hydrogen energy module to be welded is compared with the preset value requirement to make Z-axis height compensation, thereby ensuring the consistency of the laser focal length. After the working height and visual correction are completed, the multi-axis robot 1 moves to the preset welding point and opens the air knife assembly 26 to blow compressed air, while simultaneously opening the coaxial inert gas protective gas valve on the welding copper nozzle 34. The laser's center laser power and ring laser power are given by external control, triggering the laser to emit laser light. The laser light is transmitted through optical fiber to the galvanometer collimation module 21. After passing through the galvanometer collimation module 21, the laser light passes through two sets of motor lenses inside the galvanometer, which move regularly to complete the drawing of the welding trajectory. Then, after passing through the focusing field lens module 22, the laser light is emitted and applied to the surface of the copper block in the area to be welded of the hydrogen energy battery module, forming a molten pool and completing the laser welding process.

[0066] The structure of the hydrogen energy battery module welding equipment is as follows: The height Z of the laser welding galvanometer system 2 from the surface of the module to be welded is controlled by the multi-axis robot 1 with a preset base working height and a rangefinder 25. The rangefinder 25 is fixed on the inspection mounting frame 23 connected to the galvanometer collimation module 21. The X and Y coordinates of the welding point space of the laser welding galvanometer system 2 are controlled by the multi-axis robot 1 with a preset base welding point and a vision component 24. The vision component 24 is fixed on the inspection mounting frame 23 connected to the galvanometer collimation module 21. The weld pattern and morphology are drawn by the control software of the laser welding galvanometer system 2 (this process is existing technology); to improve the accuracy and stability of the weld position, the position of the hydrogen energy battery module is fixed by a special tooling top plate 33 and a clamp 37 on the worktable 4. The hydrogen energy battery module is placed on the top plate 33 of the tooling, and then the fixture 37 is pressed down so that the welding copper nozzle 34 corresponds to the position of each area to be welded. At the same time, inert gas Ar is introduced into each welding copper nozzle 34 to act as a protective gas and to compress the welding material of the area to be welded.

[0067] This equipment adopts a six-axis robotic arm structure, which has good stability and high precision. The vision component 24 corrects welding position deviations and accurately positions the equipment. The basic trajectory points of the six-axis robotic arm work in conjunction with the vision component 24 and the rangefinder 25 to accurately reach each welding position. The laser pattern emission welding is completed by the galvanometer control system. The multi-axis robotic arm 1 has a fast spatial movement speed and high precision, which greatly improves the product welding efficiency.

[0068] Specific embodiment: After the hydrogen energy battery module is fixed on the tooling top plate 33, the clamp 37 presses down, the welding copper nozzle 34 presses the copper block of each area to be welded, the multi-axis robot 1 program is started, the multi-axis robot 1 moves to the photo point 1 at a speed of 100mm / s, the vision component 24 collects the mark1 and mark2 points on the module, and then takes a picture of each area to be welded. The synchronous rangefinder 25 collects the distance data of the calibrated feature points around each area to be welded, and compares the collected data with the basic calibration point to obtain the new X, Y, Z coordinates of the welding point. Then, the air knife assembly 26 automatically activates to blow compressed air, and the protective gas supply to the welding nozzle 34 is opened, blowing in coaxial protective gas Ar at 10L / min. The multi-axis robot 1 moves to welding point 1, with the laser outputting a center power of 1500W and an outer ring power of 1800W. The laser, through a galvanometer, emits laser energy of the required pattern to penetrate and weld the copper block material pressed down by the welding nozzle 34. After processing one set of points, the multi-axis robot 1 moves to the preset welding point 2 and performs laser processing on the welding material at welding point 2 using the same process. After processing the last welding point, the multi-axis robot 1 returns to the set home position and shuts off the compressed air from the air knife assembly 26 and the protective gas Ar from the welding nozzle 34, completing the entire processing.

[0069] This embodiment provides a laser welding equipment for hydrogen fuel cell modules. Using a multi-axis robotic arm, a laser galvanometer is moved to complete laser processing at preset welding positions on the module. On the copper block to be connected to the hydrogen fuel cell module, continuous annular laser spot processing is used to penetrate and weld a fixed-width weld seam through the copper block area, providing a high-quality connection process for subsequent module manufacturing. Currently, traditional laser welding equipment is prone to problems such as high laser reflection, excessive spatter, and weld porosity in copper welding. This embodiment uses an annular laser spot, which has the effect of resisting high reflection and suppressing spatter, reducing weld porosity. The scanning galvanometer processing allows for simultaneous processing of multiple welding points, greatly shortening the processing idle time and improving processing efficiency. This solves the welding defects of hydrogen fuel cell modules caused by high laser reflection, resulting in incomplete welds, weld porosity, and excessive welding spatter, which are common in traditional welding methods.

[0070] This invention employs a ring-shaped laser and scanning galvanometer processing method, which can effectively solve the problem of high laser reflection during copper welding. Furthermore, the ring-shaped light can suppress spatter, reduce porosity during welding, and improve weld quality.

[0071] The use of scanning galvanometers in the processing method provides a larger working area, enabling the processing of multiple welding points with a single position movement, thus shortening equipment movement time and improving work efficiency.

[0072] By using a ring-shaped laser and coaxial welding shielding gas inside the welding nozzle, the reflectivity and spatter during welding can be further reduced.

[0073] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0074] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules, comprising a multi-axis manipulator (1), a laser welding galvanometer system (2), a tooling assembly (3), and a worktable (4), wherein the laser welding galvanometer system (2) is mounted on the multi-axis manipulator (1), and the tooling assembly (3) is mounted on the worktable (4); characterized in that: The laser welding galvanometer system (2) includes a ring spot laser, a galvanometer collimation module (21), a scanning galvanometer assembly, and a focusing field lens module (22); The ring-shaped laser is used to generate a composite beam with different power at the center and different power at the outer ring. The galvanometer collimation module (21) collimates the composite beam output by the ring spot laser into a parallel beam; The scanning galvanometer assembly controls the scanning trajectory of the laser beam by swinging the X-axis and Y-axis mirrors; The focusing field lens module (22) is used to focus the scanned parallel beam onto the surface of the workpiece to be welded and form a spot with an annular energy distribution. The tooling assembly (3) includes a tooling base plate (32) and a tooling top plate (33) from bottom to top. Several welding copper nozzles (34) are installed on the tooling top plate (33), and several clamps (37) are installed on the tooling base plate (32) outside the tooling top plate (33).

2. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A vision component (24) and a rangefinder (25) are respectively installed on both sides of the detection mounting bracket (23) on one side of the galvanometer collimation module (21).

3. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The vision component (24) is a CCD camera, and the rangefinder (25) is an infrared rangefinder.

4. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An air knife assembly (26) is mounted at an angle on one side below the focusing field lens module (22).

5. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Coaxial welding protective gas is blown into the welding nozzle (34).

6. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base plate (32) is mounted on the workbench (4) below by several support frames (31).

7. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling top plate (33) can move up and down relative to the tooling bottom plate (32) below.

8. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Several limiting blocks (35) are installed on the tooling base plate (32) below the tooling top plate (33).

9. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-axis manipulator (1) is a six-axis manipulator.

10. The laser welding equipment for hydrogen energy battery modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamp (37) is mounted on the tooling base plate (32) below via a clamp mounting bracket (36), and the clamp (37) is an elbow clamp.

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