Self-adaptive detection clamping jaw for gearbox disc type forging

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of self-adaptive detection clamping jaws of gearbox disc type forge piece, to overcome the deficiency that existing fixture cannot realize disposable scanning of upper die surface, lower die surface when scanning. It includes screw rod, first fastening component, second fastening component and several clamping jaw units. First, second fastening component includes fastening nut, bearing and adapter disc respectively, and is oppositely arranged along screw rod axis. Clamping jaw unit is composed of connecting rod and inner hole fixed jaw, and is rotatably connected with adapter disc by connecting rod. By the opposite or opposite movement of fastening nut, inner hole fixed jaw can realize radial opening or contraction, adapt to the disc type forge piece of different inner hole size. The design can stably hold forge piece in scanning process, complete upper and lower die surface scanning at one time, applicable to a variety of detection equipment, with the characteristics of strong universality, high reliability, significantly improve detection efficiency and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical testing tooling, specifically to an adaptive testing claw for gearbox disc forgings. Background Technology

[0002] In the production and testing of automotive transmissions, disc forgings, as key components, are characterized by their wide variety and significant differences in internal hole dimensions. Traditional testing methods face numerous technical bottlenecks when performing 3D scanning and inspection on them. Firstly, 3D scanning typically employs a faceted scanning method, scanning the upper die surface first, followed by the lower die surface. Because the upper and lower die surfaces have highly similar structures, obtaining scan data from both surfaces separately can lead to fitting failures in point cloud data due to small feature differences, scanning data connection errors, and limited data integrity. This results in the inability to accurately obtain the complete 3D shape, affecting subsequent quality inspection processes.

[0003] On the other hand, when using a profilometer for topographic inspection, a single profilometer can only acquire topographic data from a single surface. While scanning with multiple profilometers can compensate for this deficiency, in practice, effective coordination is difficult due to challenges such as the difficulty in accurately aligning the measurement coordinate system, the high requirements for synchronous scanning of the same cross-section, and poor compatibility between equipment layout and fixtures. Traditional fixtures such as three-jaw chucks, due to their structural characteristics, cannot provide sufficient space for equipment arrangement on the same cross-section when clamping forgings, preventing the profilometer from scanning at the optimal measurement position and failing to meet the requirements for synchronous scanning.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, traditional clamps are significantly limited in multi-device collaborative inspection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive gripper capable of holding the inner hole of forgings, enabling simultaneous scanning of the upper and lower die surfaces, while leaving ample space on both sides for equipment placement. This would overcome the shortcomings of existing inspection methods, improve inspection efficiency and accuracy, and ensure quality control of automotive gearbox disc forgings. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive inspection chuck for gearbox disc forgings, so as to overcome the shortcomings of existing fixtures that cannot perform simultaneous scanning of the upper and lower die surfaces.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings includes:

[0008] The screw is fixed with a first fastening assembly, a second fastening assembly, and several gripper units;

[0009] The first fastening assembly includes a first fastening nut sleeved on the screw, and the first fastening nut is connected to a first adapter plate via a first bearing; the second fastening assembly includes a second fastening nut sleeved on the screw, and the second fastening nut is connected to a second adapter plate via a second bearing; the first fastening assembly and the second fastening assembly are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the screw.

[0010] Each gripper unit includes a connecting rod and an inner hole fixing claw; the inner hole fixing claw is rotatably connected to the first adapter plate and the second adapter plate via the connecting rod.

[0011] At least three gripper units are evenly arranged along the circumference of the screw.

[0012] The first fastening nut is connected to the screw via a thread; the inner ring of the first bearing is interference-fitted with the first fastening nut, and the outer ring of the first bearing is interference-fitted with the first adapter plate.

[0013] The second fastening nut is connected to the screw via a thread; the inner ring of the second bearing is interference-fitted with the second fastening nut, and the outer ring of the second bearing is interference-fitted with the second adapter plate.

[0014] Each gripper unit includes two connecting rods and an inner hole fixing claw. Two connecting rods are rotatably connected to both sides of each inner hole fixing claw. One end of one connecting rod, which is not connected to the inner hole fixing claw, is rotatably connected to the first adapter plate, and the other end of the connecting rod, which is not connected to the inner hole fixing claw, is rotatably connected to the second adapter plate.

[0015] The connecting rod at one end of the gripper unit is hinged to the first adapter plate via a pin, and the connecting rod at the other end is hinged to the second adapter plate via a pin. The inner hole fixed claw is hinged to the connecting rod via a pin.

[0016] The outer surface of the inner hole fixing claw is the clamping working surface, which is an arc surface.

[0017] An anti-slip layer is provided on the clamping working surface.

[0018] Both the first and second fastening nuts are equipped with anti-slip components.

[0019] The anti-slip component consists of several anti-slip protrusions evenly arranged along the axial direction of the first or second fastening nut.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] This invention provides an adaptive inspection gripper for gearbox disc forgings, capable of stably clamping disc forgings while providing sufficient operating space for scanning equipment. A first fastening assembly, a second fastening assembly, and several gripper units are fixed on a screw. This structural layout allows the gripper to adapt to the inner diameter of forgings of different sizes. The first and second fastening assemblies are arranged opposite each other along the screw axis. The first and second fastening nuts are connected to a first and second adapter plate respectively via bearings. This design ensures that the adapter plate does not rotate when the fastening nuts move along the screw, thereby guaranteeing the stable movement of the gripper units.

[0022] Each gripper unit consists of a connecting rod and an inner fixed claw, which is rotatably connected to the first and second adapter plates via the connecting rod. This connection method not only provides sufficient flexibility but also ensures that the gripper unit can achieve radial translational movement in a direction perpendicular to the screw axis. When the first and second fastening nuts move towards or away from each other along the screw axis, the first and second adapter plates move closer to or further away from each other. Through the action of the connecting rod, the inner fixed claw can radially translate outward to open or inward to retract in a direction perpendicular to the screw axis.

[0023] During the opening and closing process, the inner hole fixing claw can stably clamp the inner hole of the disc-shaped forging without obstructing the light propagation or scanning path of the scanning equipment. The scanning equipment can complete the scanning of the upper and lower die surfaces in one go while the forging is fixed, avoiding data splicing errors caused by multiple scans and improving scanning efficiency and data integrity.

[0024] This adaptive inspection gripper design not only adapts to disc forgings of different sizes, but also provides sufficient operating space for the scanning equipment, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the scanning process. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing fixtures that cannot perform simultaneous scanning of the upper and lower die surfaces, providing an efficient and reliable solution for the inspection of gearbox disc forgings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a disc-shaped forging.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adaptive detection claw for a gearbox disc forging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an adaptive detection chuck for a gearbox disc-type forging, as described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] In the figure, 1 is the first fastening assembly; 101 is the first fastening nut; 102 is the first bearing; 103 is the first adapter plate; 2 is the second fastening assembly; 201 is the second fastening nut; 202 is the second bearing; 203 is the second adapter plate; 3 is the gripper unit; 301 is the connecting rod; 302 is the inner hole fixing claw; 4 is the screw; 5 is the anti-slip component; and 6 is the disc-shaped forging. Detailed Implementation

[0029] There are six main types of forged inner discs for automotive gearboxes, with significant differences in the size of their inner bores, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of different disc-shaped forgings 6. When performing 3D scanning, since the upper and lower die surfaces are scanned separately and the structures of the upper and lower die surfaces are similar, the point cloud fitting of the 3D scanning is prone to failure, and the 3D shape of the forging cannot be obtained. There is an urgent need for an adaptive gripper that can hold the inner hole of the forging and realize a single scan of the upper and lower die surfaces.

[0030] When using a profilometer for scanning, a single profilometer can only acquire data from one side. When using multiple profilometers for scanning, it is necessary to accurately measure the coordinate system position. Furthermore, multiple profilometers need to scan the same cross section simultaneously to minimize errors. Existing three-jaw chucks and similar devices cannot provide sufficient space for equipment placement on the same cross section. There is an urgent need for a gripper that can hold the inner hole and provide ample space for equipment placement on both sides.

[0031] To address this issue, this invention provides an adaptive chuck for rapid inspection of gearbox disc forgings, which can fix forgings with inconsistent inner hole sizes, thereby achieving accurate scanning without obstructing the propagation of scanning light.

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The image shows a specific embodiment of the adaptive detection claw for gearbox disc forgings provided by this utility model, comprising:

[0037] The screw 4 is fixed with a first fastening component 1, a second fastening component 2, and several gripper units 3;

[0038] The first fastening assembly 1 includes a first fastening nut 101 sleeved on the screw 4, and the first fastening nut 101 is connected to a first adapter plate 103 through a first bearing 102; the second fastening assembly 2 includes a second fastening nut 201 sleeved on the screw 4, and the second fastening nut 201 is connected to a second adapter plate 203 through a second bearing 202; the first fastening assembly 1 and the second fastening assembly 2 are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the screw 4;

[0039] Each gripper unit 3 includes a connecting rod 301 and an inner hole fixing claw 302; the inner hole fixing claw 302 is rotatably connected to the first adapter plate 103 and the second adapter plate 203 via the connecting rod 301.

[0040] Specifically, the screw 4 serves as the central shaft throughout the entire jaw system, and its surface is machined with bidirectional threads. The first fastening assembly 1 and the second fastening assembly 2 are respectively assembled at both ends of the screw 4, and their structures are mirror-symmetrical. The first fastening nut 101 achieves axial force transmission and rotational isolation through the first bearing 102 and the first adapter plate. The first fastening nut 101 is threadedly connected to the screw 4, and the screw 4 uses a trapezoidal thread (Tr30×6) with a single-sided load capacity ≥5kN. The inner ring of the first bearing 102 is interference-fitted with the first fastening nut 101, and the outer ring of the first bearing 102 is interference-fitted with the first adapter plate 103. The second fastening nut 201 is threadedly connected to the screw 4; the inner ring of the second bearing 202 is interference-fitted with the second fastening nut 201, and the outer ring of the second bearing 202 is interference-fitted with the second adapter plate 203. When the screw 4 is rotated, the fastening nut moves along the threaded pair in the Z direction, and the relative sliding of the inner and outer rings of the bearing effectively blocks the transmission of rotational torque to the adapter plate.

[0041] When the first fastening nut 101 and the second fastening nut 201 move towards each other along the axis of the screw 4, that is, when they move towards each other along the Z-axis direction shown in the figure, they push the first adapter plate 103 and the second adapter plate 203 closer to each other. Through the action of the connecting rod 301, the inner hole fixing claw 302 is driven to move radially outward in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw 4, that is, the plane on which its opening path is located is parallel to the XOY plane in the figure.

[0042] When the first fastening nut 101 and the second fastening nut 201 move in opposite directions along the axis of the screw 4, that is, when they move towards each other along the Z-axis direction shown in the figure, the first adapter plate 103 and the second adapter plate 203 are pulled away from each other. Through the action of the connecting rod 301, the inner hole fixing claw 302 is driven to move radially inward and retract in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw 4. That is, the plane on which its retraction path is located is parallel to the XOY plane in the figure.

[0043] The first bearing 102 is disposed between the first fastening nut 101 and the first adapter plate 103, and the second bearing 202 is disposed between the second fastening nut 201 and the second adapter plate 203. It is used to isolate the rotational movement of the first fastening nut 101 and the second fastening nut 201 and to prevent the first adapter plate 103, the second adapter plate 203 and the gripper unit 3 connected thereto from rotating around the screw 4 with the fastening nut.

[0044] Each gripper unit 3 includes two connecting rods 301 and an inner hole fixing claw 302. The two ends of the connecting rods 301 are hinged to the adapter plate and the fixing claw respectively via pins, forming a double-link mechanism. Specifically, one end of the upper connecting rod 301 is hinged to the first adapter plate 103, and the other end is hinged to the top of the fixing claw; one end of the lower connecting rod 301 is hinged to the second adapter plate 203, and the other end is hinged to the bottom of the fixing claw. When the two adapter plates move towards each other along the Z-axis driven by the nut, the double-link mechanism forces the inner hole fixing claw 302 to perform a pure radial translational motion along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the screw 4 (XOY plane). There is no rotational offset during the opening process, avoiding damage to the inner hole surface of the forging.

[0045] Meanwhile, both the first fastening nut 101 and the second fastening nut 201 are provided with anti-slip components 5, which consist of several anti-slip protrusions evenly arranged along the axial direction of the nut. In this specific embodiment, the anti-slip component 5 is preferably a cylinder with a height of 10mm and a diameter of 2mm, and three of these anti-slip components 5 are provided on both the first fastening nut 101 and the second fastening nut 201. These designs not only increase the friction during clamping but also facilitate the operator in applying force when tightening the fastening nuts, improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0046] At least three gripper units 3 are evenly arranged around the screw 4 to ensure stability during clamping. Each gripper unit 3 includes two connecting rods 301 and an inner hole fixing claw 302. Two connecting rods 301 are rotatably connected to both sides of each inner hole fixing claw 302. One end of one connecting rod 301, not connected to the inner hole fixing claw 302, is rotatably connected to the first adapter plate 103, and the other end of the connecting rod 301, not connected to the inner hole fixing claw 302, is rotatably connected to the second adapter plate 203. One end of the connecting rod 301 of the gripper unit 3 is hinged to the first adapter plate 103 via a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod 301 is hinged to the second adapter plate 203 via a pin. The inner hole fixing claw 302 is hinged to the connecting rod 301 via a pin. The pin is made of surface-hardened 45# steel (HRC40-45), and the hinge hole fit tolerance is H7 / g6 to ensure smooth rotation and wear resistance. This hinged design allows the gripper unit 3 to flexibly open and close while being evenly arranged around the screw 4.

[0047] The extended surface of the inner hole fixing claw 302 is the clamping working surface, which is designed as an arc surface to better fit the inner hole of the disc forging 6, improving the stability and reliability of clamping. Furthermore, the clamping working surface can also be designed as spherical, ellipsoidal, or plate-like as needed to adapt to the requirements of different shaped inner holes. This flexible design allows the claw to adapt to the inspection requirements of various disc forgings 6. In this specific embodiment, the inner hole fixing claw 302 preferably adopts a thin plate structure with a thickness of 5mm. Its clamping working surface is designed as an arc surface, the radius of curvature of which matches the tolerance range of the inner hole of the forging, or it can be composed of multiple planes forming a segmented clamping surface. To further improve the stability of clamping, an anti-slip layer is also provided on the clamping working surface. The anti-slip layer can be selected by machining a mesh anti-slip texture with a depth of 0.2-0.5mm on the working surface, or by bonding a 2mm thick polyurethane wear-resistant pad (Shore hardness 80A) and reinforcing it with countersunk screws.

[0048] The solution provided by this utility model solves the technical problem that existing fixtures cannot achieve simultaneous scanning of the upper and lower die surfaces during scanning through a unique adaptive jaw design. Traditional fixtures, due to structural limitations, cannot simultaneously fix the upper and lower die surfaces of the disc-shaped forging 6 during scanning, resulting in the need for two separate scans, which easily leads to problems such as point cloud fitting failure and incomplete data. This solution uses a structural combination of screw 4, fastening components, and jaw unit 3 to achieve flexible opening and closing of the inner hole fixing jaw 302, adapting to disc-shaped forgings 6 with different inner hole sizes. This design ensures that the forging can be fixed in one go during scanning, avoiding fitting errors caused by separate scanning.

[0049] The clamping working surface of the inner hole fixing claw 302 is designed as an arc surface, which can closely fit the inner hole of the forging and provide a stable clamping force. This design not only improves the reliability of clamping, but also leaves enough space for the scanning equipment, allowing the 3D scanner or profilometer to scan the upper and lower die surfaces of the forging simultaneously. During the scanning process, the structure of the claw unit 3 does not obstruct the scanning light, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the scanning data. In addition, the uniform arrangement of the claw units 3 along the circumference of the screw 4 further enhances the stability of clamping, ensuring that the forging remains in a fixed position during the scanning process, further improving the reliability of the scanning results.

[0050] Through this structural design and functional implementation, this solution fundamentally overcomes the limitation of existing fixtures that cannot scan both the upper and lower die surfaces simultaneously. It not only improves scanning efficiency but also significantly enhances inspection accuracy, providing a novel and efficient solution for the high-precision inspection of gearbox disc forgings.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings, characterized in that, include: The screw (4) is fixed with a first fastening assembly (1), a second fastening assembly (2) and several gripper units (3); The first fastening assembly (1) includes a first fastening nut (101) sleeved on the screw (4), and the first fastening nut (101) is connected to a first adapter plate (103) through a first bearing (102); the second fastening assembly (2) includes a second fastening nut (201) sleeved on the screw (4), and the second fastening nut (201) is connected to a second adapter plate (203) through a second bearing (202); the first fastening assembly (1) and the second fastening assembly (2) are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the screw (4); Each gripper unit (3) includes a connecting rod (301) and an inner hole fixing claw (302); the inner hole fixing claw (302) is rotatably connected to the first adapter plate (103) and the second adapter plate (203) via the connecting rod (301).

2. The adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least three gripper units (3) are evenly arranged around the screw (4).

3. The adaptive inspection jaw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fastening nut (101) is connected to the screw (4) by a thread; the inner ring of the first bearing (102) is interference-fitted with the first fastening nut (101), and the outer ring of the first bearing (102) is interference-fitted with the first adapter plate (103).

4. The adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second fastening nut (201) is connected to the screw (4) by a thread; the inner ring of the second bearing (202) is interference-fitted with the second fastening nut (201), and the outer ring of the second bearing (202) is interference-fitted with the second adapter plate (203).

5. The adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each gripper unit (3) includes two connecting rods (301) and an inner hole fixing claw (302). Two connecting rods (301) are rotatably connected to both sides of each inner hole fixing claw (302). One end of one connecting rod (301) that is not connected to the inner hole fixing claw (302) is rotatably connected to the first adapter plate (103), and the other end of the connecting rod (301) that is not connected to the inner hole fixing claw (302) is rotatably connected to the second adapter plate (203).

6. The adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting rod (301) at one end of the gripper unit (3) is hinged to the first adapter plate (103) by a pin, and the connecting rod (301) at the other end is hinged to the second adapter plate (203) by a pin. The inner hole fixing claw (302) is hinged to the connecting rod (301) by a pin.

7. The adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the inner hole fixing claw (302) is the clamping working surface, and the clamping working surface is an arc surface.

8. The adaptive inspection claw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 7, characterized in that, An anti-slip layer is provided on the clamping working surface.

9. The adaptive inspection jaw for gearbox disc forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first fastening nut (101) and the second fastening nut (201) are provided with anti-slip components (5).

10. The adaptive detection jaw for a gearbox disc forging according to claim 9, characterized in that, The anti-slip component (5) consists of several anti-slip protrusions evenly arranged along the axial direction of the first fastening nut (101) or the second fastening nut (201).

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