A two-roll calender pitch adjusting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two roller calender distance adjusting device belongs to calender technical field, including the box, the inside of box is equipped with worm and gear mechanism, the middle part of worm is equipped with worm shaft hole, the square head screw is connected through screw thread in the worm shaft hole, and the square head screw extends to the outside of box along the axial direction, the side of box near worm is equipped with a plurality of first oil injection hole and the inside of box intercommunication, the side of box near worm is equipped with second oil injection hole and the inside of box intercommunication, the square head screw is equipped with lubricating channel along the axis, lubricating channel is through and the inside of box intercommunication along screw rod bottom, the side of square head screw is equipped with a plurality of third oil injection hole and lubricating channel intercommunication, the utility model solves the technical problem of lubrication failure, maintenance difficulty and precision out of control of traditional two roller calender distance adjusting device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of calendering technology, specifically relating to a two-roll calendering distance adjustment device. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information related to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In tire manufacturing and rubber product processing, two-roll calendering equipment is a core production tool. It uses a pair of relatively rotating rollers to extrude and stretch rubber compound, forming a sheet of specific thickness. Precise control of the roller spacing (referred to as "roll gap") directly determines the uniformity of the sheet thickness and dimensional accuracy, especially having a decisive impact on the quality stability of key components such as tire treads. Traditional roller gap adjustment devices suffer from the following serious technical defects in actual operation:

[0004] The key friction pair formed by the square-headed lead screw and the internal thread of the worm gear shaft hole is under high pressure and low speed conditions for a long time. However, the existing structure lacks an effective lubrication channel. The lead screw and the shaft hole thread only rely on the grease applied during the initial assembly to maintain the operation. It is impossible to replenish the lubricant during operation. As the equipment continues to operate, the grease is lost or carbonized due to high temperature and compression, resulting in a dry friction state between the friction surfaces. When lubrication fails, the lead screw and the shaft hole thread are very prone to local adhesive wear, which further induces the phenomenon of "tooth seizure". That is, the lead screw is stuck in the shaft hole and cannot move. The roller gap adjustment function is completely lost. At this time, the tread rubber will have serious quality defects such as unilateral thickening or asymmetrical thickness, which directly leads to a surge in product scrap rate.

[0005] Furthermore, the core transmission components, such as the worm gear housing and the worm, also suffer from insufficient lubrication. Because the housing is a closed welded structure without any oil injection holes, maintenance requires disassembling the entire adjusting device from the equipment to clean and re-grease the worm gear and worm gear pair. Each maintenance session is time-consuming and necessitates production line interruption. Frequent disassembly and assembly also accelerates wear on mating surfaces, creating a vicious cycle of maintenance, downtime, increased wear, and even more frequent maintenance, severely restricting the equipment's continuous production capacity.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer diameter of existing square-head lead screws and worm gear shaft holes is generally designed to be 65mm. Under high-load conditions in the calender, the radial bending stress on the lead screw approaches the material's yield limit, causing slight deformation between the lead screw and the shaft hole. This deformation further disrupts the oil film distribution on the thread meshing surface, accelerating the wear process. The increased clearance after wear can cause positional drift during the roll gap adjustment process, resulting in the film thickness deviating from the design requirements and making it difficult to meet the thickness tolerance requirements in high-end tire manufacturing. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a two-roll calendering distance adjustment device that solves the technical problems of lubrication failure, maintenance difficulties and precision loss in traditional two-roll calendering distance adjustment devices.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a two-roll calendering pitch adjustment device, including a housing, a worm gear mechanism is provided inside the housing, a worm gear shaft hole is provided in the middle of the worm gear, a square-head screw is threadedly connected in the worm gear shaft hole, and the square-head screw extends axially to the outside of the housing.

[0010] The housing has several first oil injection holes on the side near the worm gear that communicate with the inside of the housing, and the housing has a second oil injection hole on the side near the worm that communicates with the inside of the housing.

[0011] The square-headed lead screw is provided with a lubrication channel along its axis. The lubrication channel runs through the bottom of the lead screw and communicates with the inside of the housing. The side of the square-headed lead screw is provided with several third oil injection holes that communicate with the lubrication channel.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the housing includes a vertically arranged cylindrical worm gear housing structure and a horizontally arranged cylindrical worm shaft housing structure.

[0013] The worm wheel in the worm gear mechanism is located inside the worm wheel housing structure, and the worm in the worm gear mechanism is horizontally located inside the worm housing structure.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the two ends of the worm gear are mounted inside the worm gear housing structure via bearings, and the two ends of the worm are mounted inside the worm shaft housing structure via bearings.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the worm gear has worm teeth in the middle that mesh with worm wheel teeth at the end of the worm wheel. The rotation of the worm gear drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel drives the square-head screw to rise and fall axially.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the worm gear housing structure is provided with a top cover, and the square-headed lead screw extends axially through the top cover; the top cover is detachably connected to the worm gear housing structure by multiple bolts.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the worm gear housing structure is provided with end caps at both ends, and the end caps are detachably connected to the worm gear housing structure by multiple bolts.

[0018] As a further technical solution, there are three first oil injection holes, which are set at a predetermined distance on the worm gear housing structure. The height of the three first oil injection holes is the same and corresponds to the worm gear teeth at the end of the worm gear set inside the worm gear housing structure.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the second oil injection hole is provided on the worm gear housing structure, corresponding to the worm teeth in the middle of the worm gear provided inside the worm gear housing structure.

[0020] As a further technical solution, there are two third oil injection holes, which are spaced a certain distance apart and are located on the side of the square-headed screw and vertically connected to the lubrication channel.

[0021] As a further technical solution, the outer diameter of the square-headed lead screw is set to 80mm.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the above-described embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] This invention solves the technical problems of lubrication failure, maintenance difficulties, and precision loss in traditional two-roll calendering pitch adjustment devices. Specifically:

[0024] Full-path lubrication coverage of the transmission chain: The first oil injection hole directly supplies lubricant to the worm gear tooth surface, eliminating the risk of dry friction in the stress concentration area of ​​the worm gear tooth root; the second oil injection hole precisely penetrates into the worm meshing area, inhibiting tooth surface scuffing and pitting; the axial lubrication channel and the third oil injection hole form a threaded pair pressure balance oil circuit, completely blocking the fault path of "misaligned teeth seizing" between the lead screw and the worm gear shaft hole.

[0025] Adaptive lubrication maintenance mechanism: During operation, the lubricant can naturally diffuse along the internal cavity of the housing, forming a dynamic oil film on the tooth surface of the worm gear; the screw lubrication channel allows grease to continuously penetrate into the thread meshing gap, compensating for grease loss caused by high temperature extrusion, and ensuring the lubrication reliability of the friction pair throughout its entire life cycle.

[0026] The modular housing structure, combined with a removable top and end cover, creates a modular maintenance access point. This allows for area-by-area inspection of the worm gear teeth, worm bearings, and lead screw threads without requiring complete disassembly, reducing maintenance time from hours to minutes. The first, second, and third oil filling holes support lubricant replenishment during production, providing preventative maintenance capabilities. The open-cover design meets the needs of restorative maintenance of critical components, eliminating the risk of entire unit failure due to localized wear.

[0027] The increased outer diameter of the square-headed screw significantly improves the section modulus of bending resistance, suppressing elastic deformation under high load conditions in the calender. The threaded meshing surface between the square-headed screw and the worm gear shaft hole always maintains ideal conformal contact, avoiding micro-deformation from disrupting the oil film distribution. The bearing support structure of the worm gear and worm converts sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing kinetic energy loss. The mid-meshing design of the worm gear teeth and worm wheel teeth shortens the torque transmission path and reduces motion transmission errors. The two work together to ensure the accuracy and stability of the roll gap adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0029] Fig. 1 This is an internal cross-sectional view of a two-roll calendering pitch adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0030] Fig. 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a two-roll calendering and pitch adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0031] The diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] Among them, 1. square head lead screw; 2. housing; 3. worm gear; 4. worm; 5. worm gear shaft hole; 6. first oil injection hole; 7. second oil injection hole; 8. third oil injection hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] In a typical embodiment of this utility model, such as Figs. 1-2 As shown, a two-roll calendering pitch adjustment device is provided, including a housing 2. The housing 2 is provided with a worm gear mechanism. The worm gear 3 is provided with a worm gear shaft hole 5 in the middle. A square head screw 1 is threadedly connected to the worm gear shaft hole 5. The square head screw 1 extends axially to the outside of the housing 2.

[0036] The side of the housing 2 near the worm gear 3 is provided with several first oil injection holes 6 that communicate with the interior of the housing 2, and the side of the housing 2 near the worm 4 is provided with second oil injection holes 7 that communicate with the interior of the housing 2.

[0037] The square-headed lead screw 1 is provided with a lubrication channel along its axis. The lubrication channel runs through the bottom of the lead screw and communicates with the inside of the housing 2. The side of the square-headed lead screw 1 is provided with several third oil injection holes 8 that communicate with the lubrication channel.

[0038] The first oil injection hole 6 provides targeted lubrication for the worm gear tooth surface: Lubricant is injected directly into the worm gear tooth surface through the side of the housing 2, effectively overcoming the lubrication blind spot caused by the enclosed housing 2; Lubricant can be continuously replenished during operation to avoid pitting or scuffing failure of the worm gear tooth surface due to dry friction; It significantly reduces the driving torque of the worm 4 and prevents the transmission system from jamming due to overload.

[0039] The second oil injection hole 7 provides precise lubrication for the worm gear teeth: it establishes a lubrication channel targeting the high stress concentration point in the meshing area of ​​the worm 4; it directly covers the stress concentration area at the root of the worm teeth, suppressing tooth surface spalling and the risk of tooth breakage; it reduces vibration and noise caused by axial movement of the worm 4, improving transmission smoothness. The synergistic lubrication mechanism of the lead screw lubrication channel and the third oil injection hole 8: the axial lubrication channel connects the bottom of the lead screw and the interior of the housing 2, forming a pressure-balanced oil circuit;

[0040] The third oil injection hole 8 is vertically connected to the lubrication channel, allowing grease to penetrate radially to the threaded meshing surface of the lead screw and worm gear shaft hole 5; completely solving the problem of "misaligned teeth seizing" caused by grease carbonization in the thread pair, and ensuring the axial movement freedom of the lead screw.

[0041] Furthermore, the housing 2 includes a vertically arranged cylindrical worm gear housing structure and a horizontally arranged cylindrical worm shaft housing structure;

[0042] The worm wheel 3 in the worm gear mechanism 4 is located inside the worm wheel housing structure, and the worm 4 in the worm gear mechanism 4 is horizontally located inside the worm housing structure.

[0043] The worm gear housing and the worm gear housing 2 adopt an orthogonal cylindrical structure, which matches the mechanical transmission path of the worm gear 4 transmission; the independent cavity design avoids cross-contamination of lubricants and ensures the compatibility of the worm gear tooth surface grease and the worm gear grease with working conditions.

[0044] Furthermore, the two ends of the worm gear 3 are mounted inside the worm gear housing structure via bearings, and the two ends of the worm 4 are mounted inside the worm gear housing structure via bearings.

[0045] The worm gear 3 and worm 4 are mounted on bearings at both ends, which converts sliding friction into rolling friction; reduces the kinetic energy loss of the transmission system and suppresses the tooth surface wear caused by the axial movement of the worm 4; and can achieve online lubrication of the bearing housing by means of the oil injection hole, thus extending the service life of the bearing.

[0046] Furthermore, the worm 4 has worm teeth in the middle that mesh with the worm wheel teeth at the end of the worm wheel 3. The rotation of the worm 4 drives the worm wheel 3 to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel 3 drives the square-head screw 1 to rise and fall axially.

[0047] The mid-meshing relationship between the worm gear teeth and the worm wheel teeth is limited to ensure the shortest torque transmission path; the motion conversion mechanism of worm 4 rotation, worm wheel 3 rotation, and lead screw axial lifting avoids additional shear stress on the threaded pair caused by lead screw rotation; and provides core kinematic guarantee for pitch adjustment accuracy.

[0048] Furthermore, the worm gear housing structure is provided with a top cover, and the square-headed lead screw 1 extends axially through the top cover; the top cover is detachably connected to the worm gear housing structure by multiple bolts.

[0049] The bolted top cover enables quick opening and closing for maintenance without disassembling the entire pitch adjustment device; after opening the cover, the worm gear 3 and the top of the lead screw can be directly exposed, facilitating the inspection of the gear surface condition and the replenishment of lubricant; together with the first oil injection hole 6, a graded maintenance system of online oil injection plus in-depth maintenance with the cover open is formed.

[0050] Furthermore, the worm gear housing structure has end caps at both ends, and the end caps are detachably connected to the worm gear housing structure by multiple bolts.

[0051] After the end cover is removed, the worm gear 4 can be axially pulled away for maintenance, which solves the defect that the traditional welded housing 2 cannot be repaired; avoids the scrapping of the entire device due to single-point bearing failure, greatly reduces spare parts costs; and significantly shortens maintenance time, thus significantly improving the availability of the device.

[0052] Furthermore, there are three first oil injection holes 6, which are arranged at a set distance on the worm gear housing structure. The height of the three first oil injection holes 6 is the same and corresponds to the worm gear teeth at the end of the worm gear 3 arranged inside the worm gear housing structure.

[0053] The three first oil injection holes 6 are evenly distributed at the same height on the side wall of the worm gear 3 housing 2, covering the full width of the worm gear tooth surface; so that the lubricant can be evenly diffused along the tooth width direction, preventing end tooth surface wear caused by insufficient edge lubrication; adapting to the forward and reverse rotation of the worm gear 3, avoiding unilateral load.

[0054] Furthermore, the second oil injection hole 7 is provided on the worm gear housing structure, corresponding to the worm teeth in the middle of the worm 4 provided inside the worm gear housing structure.

[0055] The second oil injection hole 7 is radially aligned with the middle of the worm gear teeth, precisely covering the area of ​​maximum meshing stress; the lubricant directly penetrates to the dangerous section at the tooth root, inhibiting the generation of fatigue cracks.

[0056] Furthermore, there are two third oil injection holes 8, which are spaced a certain distance apart and are located on the side of the square-headed lead screw 1 and are perpendicularly connected to the lubrication channel.

[0057] Two third oil injection holes (8) vertically penetrate the lubrication channel, forming a bidirectional oil injection path; ensuring full-stroke lubrication coverage of the threaded pair and eliminating dead zones at the screw end; the dual-hole redundancy design prevents lubrication failure caused by blockage of a single hole.

[0058] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the square-headed lead screw 1 is set to 80mm.

[0059] The existing square-head lead screw 1 typically has an outer diameter of 65mm. Increasing the outer diameter of the lead screw can significantly improve the bending section modulus and suppress elastic deformation under high loads; ensure that the thread meshing surface between the lead screw and the worm gear shaft hole 5 is in an ideal conformal contact state, avoiding oil film rupture caused by micro-deformation; extend the service life of the threaded pair and reduce the frequency of spare parts replacement.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device, characterized in that, The box includes a housing, and a worm gear mechanism is provided inside the housing. The worm gear has a worm gear shaft hole in the middle, and a square-headed screw is threaded into the worm gear shaft hole. The square-headed screw extends axially to the outside of the housing. The housing has several first oil injection holes on the side near the worm gear that communicate with the inside of the housing, and the housing has a second oil injection hole on the side near the worm that communicates with the inside of the housing. The square-headed lead screw is provided with a lubrication channel along its axis. The lubrication channel runs through the bottom of the lead screw and communicates with the inside of the housing. The side of the square-headed lead screw is provided with several third oil injection holes that communicate with the lubrication channel.

2. The two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a vertically arranged cylindrical worm gear housing structure and a horizontally arranged cylindrical worm shaft housing structure. The worm wheel in the worm gear mechanism is located inside the worm wheel housing structure, and the worm in the worm gear mechanism is horizontally located inside the worm housing structure.

3. The two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the worm gear are mounted inside the worm gear housing structure via bearings, and the two ends of the worm are mounted inside the worm shaft housing structure via bearings.

4. The two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The worm has worm teeth in the middle that mesh with worm wheel teeth at the end of the worm wheel. The rotation of the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the worm wheel drives the square-head screw to rise and fall axially.

5. A two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The worm gear housing structure is provided with a top cover, and the square-headed lead screw extends axially through the top cover; the top cover is detachably connected to the worm gear housing structure by multiple bolts.

6. The two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The worm gear housing structure has end caps at both ends, and the end caps are detachably connected to the worm gear housing structure by multiple bolts.

7. A two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, There are three first oil injection holes, which are set at a predetermined distance on the worm gear housing structure. The height of the three first oil injection holes is the same and corresponds to the worm gear teeth at the end of the worm gear set inside the worm gear housing structure.

8. A two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second oil injection hole is located on the worm gear housing structure and corresponds to the worm teeth in the middle of the worm gear inside the worm gear housing structure.

9. A two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, There are two third oil injection holes, which are spaced a certain distance apart and are located on the side of the square-headed screw, vertically connected to the lubrication channel.

10. A two-roll calendering spacing adjustment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the square-head lead screw is set to 80mm.

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