Sound absorbing assembly, vehicle body component, and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a sound absorption assembly, a vehicle body part and a vehicle. The sound absorption assembly is provided with a closed sound absorption cavity, and the sound absorption assembly can reduce the absorption of sound waves of a preset frequency band, so that the clarity of sound of the preset frequency band is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sound-absorbing structure technology, and in particular to a sound-absorbing component, body part and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] To reduce noise, sound-absorbing panels are used in related technologies to absorb external noise. For example, bustling shopping malls are often filled with various sounds, such as customers talking, loudspeaker announcements, salespeople talking, and the sounds of goods being moved. These sounds generate long reverberations, sound focusing, and echoes during propagation. This interplay of sounds fills the mall space with noise, resulting in a poor user experience. To improve the customer experience, shopping malls often install sound-absorbing panels. These panels have an internal cavity with multiple through-holes connecting the internal cavity to the external space. This allows them to absorb noise within the mall, reduce sound reflections, and solve the problems of long reverberation, sound focusing, and echoes present in shopping malls.

[0003] However, these sound-absorbing panels mainly address the problems of long reverberation, sound focusing, and echo in large spaces, but cannot improve the clarity of sound in the preset frequency bands within the space. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a sound-absorbing component, a vehicle body part, and a vehicle to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a sound-absorbing component is provided, the sound-absorbing component having a closed silencing cavity.

[0006] Optionally, there may be multiple silencing cavities.

[0007] Optionally, the sound-absorbing assembly includes a first housing and a second housing connected to each other, with the sound-absorbing cavity formed between the first housing and the second housing.

[0008] Optionally, the first housing includes a substrate and a rib connected to each other, the rib being located between the substrate and the second housing, the rib being connected to the second housing, and the rib, the substrate, and the second housing surrounding to form the silencing cavity.

[0009] Optionally, there are multiple ribs, and the multiple ribs together with the substrate and the second housing form multiple sound-absorbing cavities.

[0010] Optionally, the plurality of ribs include first ribs and second ribs arranged in a cross pattern, and the first ribs, the second ribs, the substrate, and the second housing form a plurality of sound-absorbing cavities.

[0011] Optionally, along the arrangement direction of the first housing and the second housing, the depth of the silencing cavity is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the area occupied by the silencing cavity on the first housing is less than or equal to 0.0025 square meters.

[0013] Optionally, the sound-absorbing assembly further includes a first sound-absorbing element disposed on the side of the second housing opposite to the first housing.

[0014] Optionally, the first sound-absorbing element is attached to the side of the second housing opposite to the first housing.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the first sound-absorbing element is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the first sound-absorbing element is a porous sound-absorbing element.

[0017] Optionally, the sound-absorbing component further includes a sound-insulating element disposed on the side of the first sound-absorbing component away from the first housing.

[0018] Optionally, the sound insulation component is attached to the side of the first sound absorption component that is away from the first housing.

[0019] Optionally, the thickness of the sound insulation component is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0020] Optionally, along the arrangement direction of the first housing and the second housing, the first housing has a first thickness, the second housing has a second thickness, and the sound insulation component has a third thickness, wherein the third thickness is greater than or equal to the sum of the first thickness and the second thickness.

[0021] Optionally, the elastic modulus of the second shell is greater than or equal to 206000 MPa.

[0022] Optionally, the sound-absorbing assembly further includes a second sound-absorbing element, at least a portion of which is disposed within the anechoic cavity.

[0023] Optionally, the interval between two adjacent silencing cavities is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0024] According to a second aspect of this application, a vehicle body component is provided, including the sound-absorbing component as described above.

[0025] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including the sound-absorbing components described above, or including the body components described above.

[0026] Optionally, the vehicle includes a roof, and the sound-absorbing component is mounted on the roof.

[0027] In the sound-absorbing component of this application embodiment, the sound-absorbing component is provided with a closed anechoic cavity. Compared with the related technology solution that sets a through hole to connect the inner cavity to the outside, the sound-absorbing component of this application can reduce the absorption of sound waves in a preset frequency band, thereby making the sound in the preset frequency band clearer. For example, when the preset frequency band is set to 0Hz to 300Hz, the clarity of human voices in the space can be improved. When the sound-absorbing component of this application is applied to a vehicle, compared with the related technology solution that sets a through hole to connect the inner cavity to the outside, the sound-absorbing component of this application has a closed anechoic cavity, which can reduce the absorption of human voices inside the vehicle. Furthermore, it can absorb noise from outside the vehicle, such as wind noise, thereby making the clarity of human voices inside the vehicle higher.

[0028] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vehicle provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the L1-L2 direction;

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a portion of the sound-absorbing component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 5Cross-sectional view along the L3-L4 direction;

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point D;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of a portion of the sound-absorbing component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a third-view structural diagram of a portion of the sound-absorbing component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the sound-absorbing component along the first direction;

[0043] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the sound-absorbing component along the second direction;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A magnified view of a section at point F in the middle;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a chart of test data on the sound pressure level and voice intelligibility in the rear seats of a vehicle provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 17 This is a test spectrum of the modal density of the sound-absorbing component provided in the exemplary embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 18 The test spectrum of the modal density of the sound-absorbing components provided in the comparative example;

[0049] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sound-absorbing component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 100, Sound-absorbing component; 110, First housing; 111, Substrate; 1111, First side surface; 113, Rib; 1131, First rib; 1133, Second rib; 115, Protruding post; 120, Second housing; 121, Through hole; 101, Sound-absorbing cavity; 130, First sound-absorbing component; 140, Sound-insulating component; 10, Vehicle; 200, Vehicle roof. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0053] To reduce noise, sound-absorbing panels are used in related technologies to absorb external noise. However, these sound-absorbing panels are usually complex in structure and occupy a large area, and are often used in places with large building spaces, such as stadiums, train stations, and concert halls. For places with smaller spaces, such as passenger cars, using these sound-absorbing panels would take up a lot of space.

[0054] To at least partially solve the aforementioned technical problems, according to the first aspect of this application, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 This application provides a sound-absorbing component 100. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 4 The sound-absorbing component 100 is provided with a closed sound-absorbing cavity 101.

[0055] The sound-absorbing component 100 of this application has a closed anechoic cavity 101. Compared with the related technology that connects the inner cavity to the outside through a through hole, this application can reduce the absorption of sound waves in the preset frequency band by the sound-absorbing component 100, thereby making the sound in the preset frequency band clearer. When the preset frequency band is set to 0Hz to 300Hz, it can improve the articulation index of human voices in the space.

[0056] In some embodiments, by providing a closed anechoic cavity 101, the sound-absorbing component 100 can increase the absorption of sound waves in a first preset frequency band and reduce the absorption of sound waves in a second preset frequency band. In some examples, the sound waves in the first preset frequency band can be sound waves with frequencies between 300Hz and 3000Hz. The sound waves in the second preset frequency band can be sound waves with frequencies between 0Hz and 300Hz. Furthermore, this sound-absorbing component has a simple structure, occupies little space, and is low in cost.

[0057] In some embodiments, when the sound-absorbing component 100 of this application is applied to a vehicle, due to the presence of a closed anechoic chamber 101, compared to related technologies that use through holes to connect the internal cavity to the outside, the sound-absorbing component 100 of this application can improve the articulation index (AI) of the vehicle's interior space, such as the driver's cabin and passenger compartment. In other words, compared to related technologies that use through holes to connect the internal cavity to the outside, the sound-absorbing component 100 of this application has a closed anechoic chamber 101, which reduces the absorption of human voices inside the vehicle. Furthermore, it can absorb external noise, such as wind noise, thereby improving the articulation index (AI) of the vehicle's interior space.

[0058] Furthermore, in some examples, when the sound-absorbing component 100 of this application is applied to the rear of a vehicle body, it can improve the articulation index (AI) of voices in the rear seats of the vehicle. For example, the sound-absorbing component 100 can be placed at the rear of the roof structure, and understandably, the specific placement can be adjusted as needed.

[0059] Please combine Figure 16 .in Figure 16 It contains two charts, one above the other, each with two sets of experimental data. Please refer to the red and green lines in the charts.

[0060] The green lines illustrate the data for in-vehicle sound pressure level (dBA) and in-vehicle articulation index (AI) when the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity of this application is applied to a vehicle. Figure 16 The red line illustrates the data on in-vehicle sound pressure level and intelligibility of human voices when a sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity (e.g., by connecting the internal cavity to the outside through a perforation) is applied to a vehicle. It should be noted that sound pressure level (dBA) reflects the characteristics of the human ear's response to changes in sound intensity. Articulation index (AI) is a parameter for evaluating speech intelligibility, representing the sum of the intelligibility of each frequency component of speech.

[0061] The experimental conditions were as follows: AutoPower power spectrum was used. In the legend, "rear outer ear" refers to the position of the outer ear of an adult sitting in the back seat, and "right rear outer ear" refers to the position of the outer ear of an adult sitting in the right rear seat. It can be seen that... Figure 16The upper figure illustrates the sound pressure level of the rear seat in different conditions when the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity of this application is applied to a vehicle, and when the sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity is applied to a vehicle as a comparative example. During the experiment, a microphone was placed at this position to collect the sound pressure level. The operating condition for collecting the sound pressure level was a constant speed of 120 km / h.

[0062] Specifically, Figure 16 The figure below illustrates the voice clarity of the rear seats when the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity of this application is applied to a vehicle, and the comparative example is when the sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity is applied to a vehicle.

[0063] Figure 16 In the upper figure, the green line indicates the in-vehicle sound pressure level data when the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity of this application embodiment is applied to a vehicle. The red line indicates the in-vehicle sound pressure level data in the comparative example, i.e., when the sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity is applied to a vehicle.

[0064] pass Figure 16 As shown in the upper figure, in the frequency range of 0Hz to 300Hz, compared to the comparative example without a closed anechoic cavity, the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in this embodiment, when applied to a vehicle, exhibits a higher sound pressure level. In the frequency range of 300Hz to 3000Hz, compared to the comparative example without a closed anechoic cavity, the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in this embodiment, when applied to a vehicle, exhibits a lower sound pressure level. In other words, compared to the comparative example without a closed anechoic cavity, applying the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in this embodiment to a vehicle can absorb more sound in the frequency range of 300Hz to 3000Hz. The absorption effect on sound in the frequency range of 0Hz to 300Hz is less than the absorption effect on sound in the frequency range of 300Hz to 3000Hz.

[0065] Figure 16 In the figure below, the green line indicates the in-vehicle voice intelligibility (AI) data when the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in this embodiment is applied to a vehicle. The red line indicates the in-vehicle voice intelligibility data when the sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity is applied to a vehicle in the comparative example. Compared to the sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity in the comparative example, the voice intelligibility (AI: articulation index) is higher when the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in this embodiment is applied to a vehicle.

[0066] Please combine Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 17 The diagram illustrates the modal density spectrum of the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in an embodiment of this application, for easy viewing. Figure 17 The legend, enlarge the legend and place it... Figure 17 On the right side of the middle. Figure 18 The diagram illustrates the modal density spectrum of the sound-absorbing structure without a closed anechoic cavity in the comparative example, for easy viewing. Figure 18 The legend, enlarge the legend and place it... Figure 18 The right side of the image. Please refer to... Figure 17 and Figure 18 It can be seen that Figure 17 The maximum modal density is 6.061E+01, with most modal densities concentrated around 1.7E+01. Figure 18 The maximum modal density is 9.220E+01, with most modal densities concentrated around 4.0E+01. It can be seen that, at the same frequency, the sound-absorbing component with a closed anechoic cavity in this application has a lower modal density, thus enabling more targeted absorption of sound waves.

[0067] Modal density refers to the number of acoustic or structural vibration modes (resonance frequencies) existing within a unit frequency range. At high frequencies, the modal density is usually higher, while at low frequencies, the modes are sparser.

[0068] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 14 as well as Figure 19 In some embodiments, there are multiple silencing cavities 101. Multiple silencing cavities 101 can result in better noise reduction.

[0069] In some embodiments, the silencing cavities 101 may be arranged in an array.

[0070] In some embodiments, the multiple silencing cavities 101 are equivalent to being combined into multiple small reverberation fields, thereby achieving a better silencing effect.

[0071] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 19 In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing assembly 100 includes a first housing 110 and a second housing 120 connected to each other, with a sound-absorbing cavity 101 formed between the first housing 110 and the second housing 120. Figure 11 , Figure 12 as well as Figure 13 The diagram shows the first housing 110 from different perspectives.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first housing 110 may be made of plastic.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second housing 120 may be a sheet metal structure.

[0074] In some embodiments, the second housing 120 may be made of a material with a high elastic modulus.

[0075] In some examples, the elastic modulus of the second housing 120 can be greater than or equal to 206,000 MPa. For example, steel has an elastic modulus of 206,800 MPa, and the second housing can be made of steel.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first housing 110 can be connected to the first housing 110 by means of plug-in, adhesive or welding.

[0077] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 In some embodiments, the first housing 110 includes a substrate 111 and a rib 113 connected to each other. The rib 113 is located between the substrate 111 and the second housing 120 and is connected to the second housing 120. The rib 113, the substrate 111 and the second housing 120 surround and form a sound-absorbing cavity 101.

[0078] Please combine Figure 8 In some embodiments, the substrate 111 may include a first side surface 1111, wherein a rib 113 is connected to the first side surface 1111 of the substrate 111. The rib 113 and the substrate 111 may be bonded together or may be integrally molded.

[0079] Please combine Figure 14 as well as Figure 15 In some embodiments, there are multiple ribs 113, and the multiple ribs 113 together with the substrate 111 and the second housing 120 form multiple sound-absorbing cavities 101.

[0080] By setting multiple ribs 113 on the substrate, multiple sound-absorbing cavities 101 are formed when the second housing 120 is connected to the substrate 111. The structure is simple and the cost is low.

[0081] Please combine Figure 14 as well as Figure 15 In some embodiments, the plurality of ribs 113 include first ribs 1131 and second ribs 1133 arranged in a cross manner, and the first ribs 1131 and second ribs 1133 form a plurality of sound-absorbing cavities 101 with the substrate 111 and the second housing 120.

[0082] In these embodiments, the first rib 1131 and the second rib 1133 are arranged in a cross manner, so that the first rib 1131 and the second rib 1133, together with the substrate 111 and the second housing 120, form a plurality of sound-absorbing cavities 101.

[0083] In some embodiments, please combine Figure 9 and Figure 10 The first housing 110 may also be provided with a protruding post 115, and the second housing 120 may be provided with a through hole 121 for the protruding post 115 to pass through. Thus, by engaging the protruding post 115 with the through hole 121, the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 can be connected to form a sound-absorbing cavity 101. In some examples, the protruding post 115 may be located at the intersection of the first rib 1131 and the second rib 1133. In some examples, there may be multiple protruding posts 115 and multiple through holes 121, with a one-to-one engagement relationship between the protruding post 115 and the through hole 121.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first rib 1131 may extend along a first direction, and the second rib 1133 may extend along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. There may be multiple first ribs 1131, and these multiple first ribs 1131 are equally spaced; similarly, there may be multiple second ribs 1133, and these multiple second ribs 1133 are equally spaced. The protruding post 115 may extend along a third direction, which is perpendicular to both the second and first directions.

[0085] In some embodiments, the depth of the silencing cavity 101 is greater than or equal to 3 mm along the arrangement direction of the first housing 110 and the second housing 120.

[0086] The depth of the silencing cavity 101 can be greater than 3 mm, for example, the depth of the silencing cavity 101 can be 4 mm or 5 mm. The depth of the silencing cavity 101 can be equal to 3 mm.

[0087] In some embodiments, the height of the rib 113 can be set to be greater than or equal to 3 mm. This ensures that the depth of the silencing cavity 101 is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

[0088] The depth of the silencing cavity 101 refers to the distance from the cavity opening to its deepest point. The second housing 120 covers the cavity opening.

[0089] The depth of the anechoic cavity 101 is greater than or equal to 3 mm, thereby enabling the anechoic cavity 101 to more effectively absorb sound waves within a preset frequency band. In some examples, the preset frequency band of the sound waves is 300 Hz to 3000 Hz.

[0090] In some embodiments, the area occupied by the silencing cavity 101 on the first housing 110 is less than or equal to 0.0025 square meters.

[0091] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the closed cavity formed by the ribs 113 can be set to be less than or equal to 0.0025 square meters. This ensures that the area occupied by the silencing cavity 101 on the first housing 110 is less than or equal to 0.0025 square meters.

[0092] The anechoic cavity 101 occupies an area of ​​less than or equal to 0.0025 square meters on the first housing 110, thereby enabling the anechoic cavity 101 to more effectively absorb sound waves within a preset frequency band. In some examples, the preset frequency band of the sound waves is 300 Hz to 3000 Hz.

[0093] The area occupied by the silencing cavity 101 on the first housing 110 can be less than 0.0025 square meters. For example, the area occupied by the silencing cavity 101 on the first housing 110 can be 0.0023 square meters or 0.0021 square meters.

[0094] The area occupied by the silencing cavity 101 on the first housing 110 can be equal to 0.0025 square meters.

[0095] In some embodiments, the interval between two adjacent silencing cavities 101 is greater than or equal to 2 millimeters.

[0096] The spacing between two adjacent anechoic cavities 101 is greater than or equal to 2 millimeters, thereby enabling the anechoic cavity 101 to more effectively absorb sound waves within a preset frequency band. In some examples, the preset frequency band for the sound waves is 300Hz to 3000Hz.

[0097] In some embodiments, the plurality of ribs 113, the substrate 111, and the second housing 120 form a plurality of silencing cavities 101. That is, two adjacent silencing cavities 101 are separated by the ribs 113. The spacing between two adjacent silencing cavities 101 can be greater than or equal to 2 mm by setting the thickness of the ribs 113 to be greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0098] In some examples, the interval between two adjacent silencing cavities 101 can be greater than 2 mm, such as 3 mm or 4 mm.

[0099] In some examples, the interval between two adjacent silencing cavities 101 can be equal to 2 millimeters.

[0100] In this embodiment, the intersecting ribs 113 form multiple anechoic cavities 101 with the substrate 111 and the second housing 120, thereby creating multiple small reverberation fields and reducing the modal density of the overall structure formed by the first housing 110 and the second housing 120. This allows for more targeted sound absorption and noise reduction, resulting in better sound absorption.

[0101] In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing assembly 100 further includes a first sound-absorbing element 130 disposed on the side of the second housing 120 opposite to the first housing 110.

[0102] By setting the first sound-absorbing element 130 on the side of the second housing 120 away from the first housing 110, the sound absorption effect is better.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first sound-absorbing element 130 is attached to the side of the second housing 120 opposite to the first housing 110.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first sound-absorbing element 130 and the second housing 120 are fully fitted together, thereby enabling better sound absorption.

[0105] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sound-absorbing element 130 is greater than or equal to 10 millimeters.

[0106] The thickness of the first sound-absorbing element 130 can be greater than 10 mm. For example, the thickness of the first sound-absorbing element 130 can be 11 mm or 12 mm.

[0107] The thickness of the first sound-absorbing component 130 can be equal to 10 millimeters.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first sound-absorbing element 130 is a porous sound-absorbing element. Specifically, it can be made of a porous sound-absorbing material, so that the first sound-absorbing element 130 can have a porous structure, which can absorb and disperse the energy of sound waves, such as sound-absorbing cotton, PU, ​​etc.

[0109] In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing assembly further includes a sound-insulating member 140, which is disposed on the side of the first sound-absorbing member 130 opposite to the first housing 110.

[0110] In some embodiments, the sound insulation component 140 is made of a sound insulation material, thereby isolating, blocking, or separating airborne noise to a certain extent. Examples include EVA and POE materials. EVA stands for Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer, also known as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. POE stands for Polyolefin Elastomer.

[0111] In some embodiments, the sound insulation member 140 is attached to the side of the first sound absorption member 130 opposite to the first housing 110.

[0112] In some embodiments, the sound insulation member 140 and the first sound absorption member 130 are completely fitted together, thereby enabling better sound absorption.

[0113] In some embodiments, the thickness of the sound insulation element 140 is greater than or equal to 2 millimeters.

[0114] In some embodiments, the sound insulation component 140 can be preset with different thicknesses, densities and sizes according to different needs.

[0115] In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction of the first housing 110 and the second housing 120, the first housing 110 has a first thickness, the second housing 120 has a second thickness, and the sound insulation member 140 has a third thickness, the third thickness being greater than or equal to the sum of the first thickness and the second thickness. This further enhances the sound absorption effect.

[0116] In some embodiments, the sound-absorbing assembly 100 further includes a second sound-absorbing element, at least a portion of which is disposed within the anechoic cavity 101. This further enhances the sound absorption effect.

[0117] According to a second aspect of this application, a vehicle body component is provided, which includes the aforementioned sound-absorbing assembly 100. This vehicle body component possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned sound-absorbing assembly 100, which will not be elaborated further herein. Specifically, this vehicle body component may be a roof structure, or a structure in other parts of the vehicle body such as a door.

[0118] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided that includes the aforementioned sound-absorbing components or body parts, and the vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned sound-absorbing components or body parts, which will not be elaborated further in this application.

[0119] The vehicle may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., and this application does not make any specific restrictions.

[0120] In some embodiments, the vehicle 10 includes a roof 200, and a sound-absorbing component 100 is mounted on the roof 200.

[0121] This application provides a sound-absorbing component that, when applied to a vehicle, can improve the clarity of human voices inside the vehicle and also reduce the noise level inside the vehicle. The sound-absorbing component provided by this application has a simple structure, small footprint, wide applicability, and significant effect.

[0122] The sound-absorbing components provided in this application can also be applied to other places where speech intelligibility needs to be improved. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0123] During installation, the sound insulation component 140 is positioned close to the vehicle interior. The second housing 120 is positioned even closer to the vehicle interior than the first housing 110.

[0124] When the vehicle is in motion, external noise, such as wind noise, enters the enclosed anechoic chamber 101 and is absorbed and weakened. After sound absorption by the first sound-absorbing component 130 and sound insulation by the sound-insulating component 140, very little of it can reach the vehicle interior. When people speak inside the vehicle, some of their voices are blocked by the sound-insulating component 140 and will not be transmitted outside, thus reducing the impact on the clarity of voices inside the vehicle to a certain extent. The remaining voices enter the enclosed anechoic chamber 101. Since the enclosed anechoic chamber 101 has a lower absorption effect on sounds with frequencies between 0Hz and 300Hz than on sounds with frequencies between 300Hz and 3000Hz, it also absorbs fewer sound waves with frequencies between 0Hz and 300Hz, further reducing the impact on the clarity of voices inside the vehicle. This results in relatively high voice clarity inside the vehicle.

[0125] In-vehicle voice intelligibility is an important indicator for evaluating NVH performance. It describes the clarity of speech communication within the vehicle at high speeds. High intelligibility indicates good noise and vibration control, signifying excellent NVH performance. In the automotive industry, NVH is an abbreviation for Noise, Vibration, and Harshness, a comprehensive indicator of automotive manufacturing quality. Good NVH performance effectively reduces in-vehicle noise and vibration, thus providing a better environment for in-vehicle communication and improving voice intelligibility.

[0126] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0127] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. Parts not described in detail in a particular embodiment can be referred to in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0128] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A sound-absorbing component, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing component is provided with a closed silencing cavity, and the absorption of sound waves in the first preset frequency band by the silencing cavity is greater than the absorption of sound waves in the second preset frequency band by the silencing cavity.

2. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silencing cavity is multiple.

3. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing component includes a first housing and a second housing that are connected to each other, and the sound-absorbing cavity is formed between the first housing and the second housing.

4. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first housing includes a substrate and a rib connected to each other. The rib is located between the substrate and the second housing and is connected to the second housing. The rib, the substrate, and the second housing surround and form the sound-absorbing cavity.

5. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are multiple ribs, and the multiple ribs together with the substrate and the second housing form multiple sound-absorbing cavities.

6. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of ribs include a first rib and a second rib arranged in a cross pattern, and the first rib, the second rib, the substrate, and the second housing form a plurality of the noise-absorbing cavities.

7. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the first housing and the second housing, the depth of the silencing cavity is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

8. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The area occupied by the silencing cavity on the first housing is less than or equal to 0.0025 square meters.

9. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing assembly further includes a first sound-absorbing element, which is disposed on the side of the second housing opposite to the first housing.

10. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first sound-absorbing element is attached to the side of the second housing opposite to the first housing.

11. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the first sound-absorbing element is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

12. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first sound-absorbing element is a porous sound-absorbing element.

13. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing component further includes a sound-insulating element, which is disposed on the side of the first sound-absorbing component away from the first housing.

14. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 13, characterized in that, The sound insulation component is attached to the side of the first sound-absorbing component that is away from the first housing.

15. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 13, characterized in that, The thickness of the sound insulation component is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

16. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 13, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the first housing and the second housing, the first housing has a first thickness, the second housing has a second thickness, and the sound insulation component has a third thickness, the third thickness being greater than or equal to the sum of the first thickness and the second thickness.

17. The sound-absorbing component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic modulus of the second shell is greater than or equal to 206000 MPa.

18. The sound-absorbing component according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing assembly further includes a second sound-absorbing element, at least a portion of which is disposed within the silencing cavity.

19. The sound-absorbing component according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The interval between two adjacent silencing cavities is greater than or equal to 2 millimeters.

20. A vehicle body component, characterized in that, Includes the sound-absorbing component as described in any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the sound-absorbing component as described in any one of claims 1 to 19, or the vehicle body component as described in claim 20.

22. The vehicle according to claim 21, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a roof, and the sound-absorbing component is mounted on the roof.

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