Safety protection device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of safety protection device and vehicle, safety protection device includes steering shaft, spline sleeve and buffer spring;The outer spline is provided on the front end outer wall of steering shaft;The front end of spline sleeve is connected with steering wheel, and the inner wall of spline sleeve is provided with the inner spline of meshing connection with outer spline, and the rotational torque generated by steering wheel is transmitted to steering shaft by spline sleeve, and spline sleeve can move back and forth relative to steering shaft in axial direction;Buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of steering shaft and spline sleeve, one end of buffer spring is connected with steering shaft, and the other end of buffer spring is connected with steering wheel;When subjected to axial impact, spline sleeve moves back to compress buffer spring relative to steering shaft, to buffer impact force.The safety protection device can still effectively absorb part of collision impact kinetic energy and reduce the risk of injury in the case that vehicle is not equipped with airbag or airbag fails.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of driver protection technology for vehicles, and in particular to a safety protection device and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, a large number of older models, economy passenger cars, and commercial vehicles (such as freight trucks and buses) still lack or are difficult to retrofit with modern airbag systems. This leaves drivers without effective protection for their chest and head in the event of a frontal collision, directly exposed to the impact of the rigid steering wheel and steering column, posing a very high risk to their personal safety.

[0003] Even in vehicles equipped with airbags, the reliability of their actual deployment is not absolute. In certain specific collision scenarios, such as low-speed collisions, small-angle offset collisions, side collisions, or vehicle rollovers, airbags may not deploy as intended. If the airbag fails to deploy in time, the driver will still experience a rigid impact similar to that in vehicles without airbags.

[0004] In the aforementioned collision scenarios, due to inertia, the driver's body (especially the chest and head) will experience an unbuffered, rigid impact with the steering wheel and steering column system. This impact can easily lead to serious or even fatal injuries, including fractures of the sternum and ribs, internal organ damage, and traumatic brain injury.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safety protection device that can effectively absorb the kinetic energy of a collision and reduce the risk of injury. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a safety protection device and vehicle that effectively absorbs collision impact kinetic energy and reduces the risk of injury.

[0007] A safety protection device, comprising:

[0008] The steering shaft has an external spline on its front outer wall;

[0009] A spline sleeve is connected to the steering wheel at its front end. The inner wall of the spline sleeve is provided with an inner spline that meshes with the outer spline. The rotational torque generated by the steering wheel is transmitted to the steering shaft through the spline sleeve. The spline sleeve can move back and forth relative to the steering shaft in the axial direction.

[0010] A buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the steering shaft and the spline sleeve. One end of the buffer spring is connected to the steering shaft, and the other end of the buffer spring is connected to the steering wheel.

[0011] When subjected to axial impact, the spline sleeve moves rearward relative to the steering axis to compress the buffer spring, thereby buffering the impact force.

[0012] Furthermore, the spline sleeve includes:

[0013] The first sleeve is located at one end near the steering shaft;

[0014] The second sleeve is coaxially connected to the first sleeve;

[0015] The inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than that of the first sleeve, so as to form a limiting boss between the inner walls of the first sleeve and the second sleeve. A limiting washer is provided at the front end of the steering shaft. The limiting washer cooperates with the limiting boss to limit the extreme position of the spline sleeve relative to the steering shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting shim is fixed to the front end of the steering shaft by fasteners.

[0017] Furthermore, the fastener is a bolt.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner wall of the second sleeve has a smooth surface.

[0019] Furthermore, the buffer spring is a pre-compression spring, and its preload force causes the limiting pad to abut against the limiting boss when the vehicle is in normal driving condition.

[0020] Furthermore, the tooth profiles of the external splines and the internal splines are involute tooth profiles or rectangular tooth profiles.

[0021] Furthermore, the safety protection device also includes an airbag.

[0022] Furthermore, the steering shaft includes:

[0023] The spline segment is located at one end near the spline sleeve;

[0024] The shaft segment is coaxially arranged with the spline segment;

[0025] The outer diameter of the shaft segment is larger than the outer diameter of the spline segment, so that a mounting platform is formed between the shaft segment and the spline segment. One end of the buffer spring is connected to the mounting platform, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a vehicle including any of the safety protection devices described in the above embodiments.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the safety protection device and vehicle provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects:

[0028] The safety protection device includes a steering shaft, a splined sleeve, and a buffer spring. The front outer wall of the steering shaft has an external spline. The front end of the splined sleeve connects to the steering wheel, and the inner wall of the splined sleeve has an internal spline that meshes with the external spline. The rotational torque generated by the steering wheel is transmitted to the steering shaft through the splined sleeve, which can move axially relative to the steering shaft. The buffer spring is sleeved outside the steering shaft and splined sleeve, with one end connected to the steering shaft and the other end connected to the steering wheel. Upon axial impact, the splined sleeve moves rearward relative to the steering shaft to compress the buffer spring, thus cushioning the impact force. This design integrates a safety protection device at the critical connection point between the steering wheel and the steering shaft, aiming to provide the driver with a crucial layer of mechanical buffer protection at the moment of collision, without relying on electronic systems. As a supplement or replacement for airbags, this device can still effectively absorb some of the collision impact energy and reduce the risk of injury, even if the vehicle is not equipped with airbags or if the airbags have failed. Specifically, by absorbing energy through the buffer spring, this device can reduce the speed and force of the driver's body impacting the steering wheel, thereby reducing the likelihood of serious chest and head injuries and improving the occupant's chances of survival. Furthermore, this safety protection device is suitable for retrofitting into older models, economy passenger cars, and commercial vehicles. Its installation process is relatively simple, its manufacturing cost is controllable, and it has good reliability, providing an effective safety enhancement solution for these vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the safety protection device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the safety protection device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals: 10, steering shaft; 11, spline section; 12, shaft section; 13, mounting platform; 20, spline sleeve; 21, first sleeve; 22, second sleeve; 30, buffer spring; 40, steering wheel; 50, limiting boss; 60, limiting washer; 70, bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0035] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0036] Currently, a large number of older models, economy passenger cars, and commercial vehicles (such as freight trucks and buses) still lack or are difficult to retrofit with modern airbag systems. This leaves drivers without effective protection for their chest and head in the event of a frontal collision, directly exposed to the impact of the rigid steering wheel and steering column, posing a very high risk to their personal safety.

[0037] Even in vehicles equipped with airbags, the reliability of their actual deployment is not absolute. In certain specific collision scenarios, such as low-speed collisions, small-angle offset collisions, side collisions, or vehicle rollovers, airbags may not deploy as intended. If the airbag fails to deploy in time, the driver will still experience a rigid impact similar to that in vehicles without airbags.

[0038] In the aforementioned collision scenarios, due to inertia, the driver's body (especially the chest and head) will experience an unbuffered, rigid impact with the steering wheel and steering column system. This impact can easily lead to serious or even fatal injuries, including fractures of the sternum and ribs, internal organ damage, and traumatic brain injury.

[0039] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safety protection device that can effectively absorb the kinetic energy of a collision and reduce the risk of injury. Specific embodiments are described below.

[0040] Please refer to the attached document. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 2As shown, one embodiment of this utility model provides a safety protection device, including a steering shaft 10, a spline sleeve 20, and a buffer spring 30. The outer wall of the front end of the steering shaft 10 is provided with an external spline. The front end of the spline sleeve 20 is connected to a steering wheel 40, and the inner wall of the spline sleeve 20 is provided with an internal spline that meshes with the external spline. The rotational torque generated by the steering wheel 40 is transmitted to the steering shaft 10 through the spline sleeve 20. The spline sleeve 20 can move axially back and forth relative to the steering shaft 10. The buffer spring 30 is sleeved on the outside of the steering shaft 10 and the spline sleeve 20. One end of the buffer spring 30 is connected to the steering shaft, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel 40. When subjected to axial impact, the spline sleeve 20 moves backward relative to the steering shaft 10 to compress the buffer spring 30, thereby buffering the impact force.

[0041] In this embodiment, the safety protection device includes a steering shaft 10, a spline sleeve 20, and a buffer spring 30. The front end of the steering shaft 10 has an external spline on its outer wall. The front end of the spline sleeve 20 is connected to the steering wheel 40, and the inner wall of the spline sleeve 20 has an internal spline that meshes with the external spline. The rotational torque generated by the steering wheel 40 is transmitted to the steering shaft 10 through the spline sleeve 20. The spline sleeve 20 can move axially back and forth relative to the steering shaft 10. The buffer spring 30 is sleeved on the outside of the steering shaft 10 and the spline sleeve 20. One end of the buffer spring 30 is connected to the steering shaft, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel 40. When subjected to axial impact, the spline sleeve 20 moves rearward relative to the steering shaft 10 to compress the buffer spring 30, thereby buffering the impact force. This design integrates a safety protection device at the critical connection point between the steering wheel 40 and the steering shaft, aiming to provide the driver with a crucial layer of mechanical buffer protection at the moment of collision, without relying on electronic systems. As a supplement or replacement for airbags, this device can still effectively absorb some of the impact energy of a collision, reducing the risk of injury, even if the vehicle is not equipped with airbags or if the airbags have failed. Specifically, through the energy absorption effect of the buffer spring 30, this device can reduce the speed and force of the driver's body impacting the steering wheel 40, thereby reducing the possibility of serious chest and head injuries and improving the occupant's chances of survival. Furthermore, this safety protection device is suitable for retrofitting into older models, economy passenger cars, and commercial vehicles. Its installation process is relatively simple, its manufacturing cost is controllable, and it has good reliability, providing an effective safety enhancement solution for these vehicles.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the spline sleeve 20 includes a first sleeve 21 and a second sleeve 22. The first sleeve 21 is located at the rear end, i.e., at the end near the steering shaft 10. The inner wall of the first sleeve 21 is provided with an inner spline that meshes with the outer spline. The second sleeve 22 is located at the front end and is coaxially connected with the first sleeve 21. The inner diameter of the second sleeve 22 is larger than the inner diameter of the first sleeve 21, so as to form a limiting boss 50 between the inner walls of the first sleeve 21 and the second sleeve 22. The limiting boss 50 is annular. A limiting washer 60 is provided at the front end of the steering shaft 10. The limiting washer 60 cooperates with the limiting boss 50 to limit the extreme position of the spline sleeve 20 moving forward relative to the steering shaft 10, so as to prevent the spline sleeve 20 from disengaging from the steering shaft 10.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments, the limiting washer 60 is secured to the front end of the steering shaft 10 by a fastener. Optionally, the fastener is a bolt 70.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, the inner wall of the second sleeve 22 has a smooth surface.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the buffer spring 30 is a pre-compression spring, whose preload ensures that the limiting washer 60 abuts against the limiting boss 50 under normal driving conditions. Specifically, one end of the pre-compression spring is connected to the steering shaft, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel 40. Under normal driving conditions, the pre-compression spring generates a force toward the steering wheel 40, while the limiting washer 60 at the front end of the steering shaft 10 abuts against the limiting boss 50, preventing the force generated by the pre-compression spring from causing the spline sleeve 20 to detach from the steering shaft 10. Furthermore, the preload design of the pre-compression spring can resist various forces encountered in daily driving, effectively preventing the steering wheel 40 and spline sleeve 20 from generating unexpected axial displacement into the vehicle body, ensuring the rigid connection and precise handling of the steering system.

[0046] In some alternative embodiments, the tooth profiles of the external and internal splines are involute or rectangular.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, the safety protection device also includes an airbag. When a vehicle collision occurs, the buffer spring 30 works in conjunction with the airbag to provide double protection.

[0048] In some optional embodiments, the steering shaft 10 includes a splined segment 11 and a shaft segment 12; the splined segment 11 is located at one end near the splined sleeve 20, and the outer wall of the splined segment 11 is provided with an external spline; the shaft segment 12 is coaxially arranged with the splined segment 11; wherein, the outer diameter of the shaft segment 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the splined segment 11, so as to form a mounting platform 13 between the shaft segment 12 and the splined segment 11, one end of the buffer spring 30 is connected to the mounting platform 13, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel 40.

[0049] The collision buffer energy absorption mechanism of the safety protection device is as follows: When a collision occurs, the driver is violently thrown forward due to inertia and impacts the steering wheel 40, resulting in a huge axial impact force applied to the steering wheel 40 and the spline sleeve 20. When this impact force exceeds the preset preload threshold of the buffer spring 30, the buffer spring 30 will enter the compression deformation stage. During this process, the spline sleeve 20 is constrained by the rebound force of the buffer spring 30 and undergoes axial displacement along the steering shaft 10 towards the interior of the vehicle body. During the elastic deformation process, the buffer spring 30 continuously absorbs and dissipates the impact kinetic energy. Through the buffer energy absorption effect of the buffer spring 30, the time for the driver's body to decelerate is extended, thereby reducing the peak deceleration and impact force when impacting the steering wheel 40, effectively reducing the risk of injury to the driver in a collision and improving safety.

[0050] Furthermore, one embodiment of this utility model also provides a vehicle including any of the safety protection devices described in the above embodiments. Since the vehicle includes the safety protection devices described in the above embodiments, it at least possesses the technical effects of the safety protection devices, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0051] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, but these improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A safety protection device, characterized in that, include: The steering shaft has an external spline on its front outer wall; A spline sleeve is connected to the steering wheel at its front end. The inner wall of the spline sleeve is provided with an inner spline that meshes with the outer spline. The rotational torque generated by the steering wheel is transmitted to the steering shaft through the spline sleeve. The spline sleeve can move back and forth relative to the steering shaft in the axial direction. A buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of the steering shaft and the spline sleeve. One end of the buffer spring is connected to the steering shaft, and the other end of the buffer spring is connected to the steering wheel. When subjected to axial impact, the spline sleeve moves rearward relative to the steering axis to compress the buffer spring in order to buffer the impact force; The spline sleeve includes: The first sleeve is located at one end near the steering shaft; The second sleeve is coaxially connected to the first sleeve; The inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than that of the first sleeve, so as to form a limiting boss between the inner walls of the first sleeve and the second sleeve. A limiting washer is provided at the front end of the steering shaft. The limiting washer cooperates with the limiting boss to limit the extreme position of the spline sleeve relative to the steering shaft.

2. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting shim is fixed to the front end of the steering shaft by fasteners.

3. The safety protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fastener is a bolt.

4. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the second sleeve has a smooth surface.

5. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer spring is a pre-compression spring, and its preload force causes the limiting pad to abut against the limiting boss when the vehicle is in normal driving condition.

6. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooth profiles of the external splines and the internal splines are involute or rectangular.

7. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes airbags.

8. The safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering shaft includes: The spline segment is located at one end near the spline sleeve; The shaft segment is coaxially arranged with the spline segment; The outer diameter of the shaft segment is larger than the outer diameter of the spline segment, so that a mounting platform is formed between the shaft segment and the spline segment. One end of the buffer spring is connected to the mounting platform, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the safety protection device described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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