Device for preventing volatilization of concentrated hydrochloric acid
By combining the design of storage tanks, mixing tanks, water seal tanks, and tubular static mixers, the volatilization problem during the storage and use of concentrated hydrochloric acid is solved, achieving low-cost and safe hydrochloric acid management and avoiding equipment corrosion and safety hazards.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LAIWU TAIHE BIOCHEM
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, concentrated hydrochloric acid is prone to volatilization during storage and use, leading to equipment corrosion and safety hazards. Traditional spraying recovery systems have high equipment investment and operating costs, and cannot completely prevent the escape of low-concentration hydrochloric acid mist.
The system employs a combination design of storage tanks, mixing tanks, water seal tanks, and tubular static mixers. By incorporating an inverted U-shaped exhaust pipe and a water seal tank, it utilizes swirling flow and micro-negative pressure technology to achieve effective mixing and dilution of hydrochloric acid, prevent volatilization, and absorb residual gas through the water seal tank.
It achieves low equipment investment and low operating costs, completely avoids hydrochloric acid volatilization, ensures storage safety, and reduces equipment corrosion risks and safety hazards.
Smart Images
Figure CN224492308U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical production technology, and in particular to a device for preventing the volatilization of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Background Technology
[0002] In chemical production processes, hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 5-6% is commonly used. Currently, the concentration of hydrochloric acid entering the plant is around 32%. The 32% hydrochloric acid is first stored in a concentrated hydrochloric acid storage tank. Before use, the 32% hydrochloric acid is prepared to a concentration of 5-6%.
[0003] To prevent damage to containers due to abnormal internal pressure and ensure storage safety, concentrated hydrochloric acid requires vents on the storage tank to balance the internal and external pressure differences, preventing safety accidents caused by excessive pressure. 32% hydrochloric acid is highly volatile; in the confined space of a workshop, the volatilized hydrochloric acid can be extremely corrosive to humans and equipment. Currently, the traditional method to prevent hydrochloric acid leakage is the spray method for recovery. Figure 1 As shown, the volatilized hydrochloric acid enters the hydrochloric acid recovery tank, where it is circulated by a pump and sprayed with water. The sprayed water mixes with the acid gas for absorption, and the concentration in the spray tank gradually increases. However, the spray tank cannot be a completely closed system; it needs an exhaust vent, allowing some low-concentration acid gas to escape. Before use, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water are pumped separately to a mixing tank to obtain the required hydrochloric acid concentration.
[0004] The above-mentioned spray recovery system requires the addition of a spray tank, which results in large equipment investment and high operating costs. Even after recovery through spraying, low concentrations of hydrochloric acid mist will still be emitted, which can still damage the equipment. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a device to prevent the volatilization of concentrated hydrochloric acid.
[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a concentrated hydrochloric acid anti-volatilization device is provided, including a storage tank for storing concentrated hydrochloric acid, a mixing tank for mixing hydrochloric acid, and a water-sealed tank containing water; a concentrated hydrochloric acid inlet and a first vent are provided at the top of the storage tank, and a concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet is provided at the bottom of the storage tank; a mixing liquid inlet and a second vent are provided at the top of the mixing tank, and a mixing liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the mixing tank; a vertically arranged tubular static mixer is installed at the mixing liquid inlet, one inlet end of the tubular static mixer is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the other inlet end of the tubular static mixer is connected to the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet through a concentrated hydrochloric acid output pipe; the first vent is connected to the outlet end of the tubular static mixer through a first exhaust pipe; the second vent is connected to a second exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the second exhaust pipe is inserted below the liquid surface of the water-sealed tank.
[0007] Preferably, a concentrated hydrochloric acid output pump is installed on the concentrated hydrochloric acid output pipe.
[0008] Preferably, a dilute hydrochloric acid output pump is installed at the outlet of the mixing liquid, and the dilute hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 5-6% in the mixing tank is output for production through the dilute hydrochloric acid output pump.
[0009] Preferably, a water flow meter is installed on the inlet pipe and a concentrated hydrochloric acid flow meter is installed on the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pipe. The water flow meter monitors the water flow rate in real time, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid flow meter monitors the concentrated hydrochloric acid flow rate in real time. The water and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed in a set ratio in a tubular static mixer to obtain a low concentration of 5-6% hydrochloric acid.
[0010] Preferably, the first exhaust pipe has an inverted U-shaped structure. When water and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed in the tubular static mixer, a swirling pattern is formed. At the liquid outlet A of the tubular static mixer, due to the enlarged cross-sectional area, a hollow swirling flow is formed. The swirling liquid at A acts as a seal, thereby preventing hydrochloric acid gas from escaping from the first exhaust pipe.
[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0012] This invention eliminates the need for a spray tank, resulting in low equipment investment, low operating costs, and complete prevention of hydrochloric acid volatilization.
[0013] This invention cleverly combines the first exhaust pipe and the tubular static mixer to suppress hydrochloric acid volatilization. Under slight negative pressure, air can be introduced through the first exhaust pipe to prevent pressure buildup in the storage tank, and through the second exhaust pipe to prevent pressure buildup in the mixing tank. Even if residual hydrochloric acid that has not been recovered enters the mixing tank, the low concentration of hydrochloric acid in the mixing tank will dissolve the residual hydrochloric acid gas, further diluting the gas concentration in the mixing tank. The ultra-low concentration gas is then absorbed again through the water seal tank, achieving the purpose of completely recovering hydrochloric acid and preventing its escape. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a traditional spray-based recycling system;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0016] As shown in the figure:
[0017] 1. Storage tank; 2. Mixing tank; 3. Water seal tank; 4. Pipeline static mixer; 5. Water inlet pipe; 6. Concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pipe; 7. Concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pump; 8. Water flow meter; 9. Concentrated hydrochloric acid flow meter; 10. Dilute hydrochloric acid outlet pump; 11. First exhaust pipe; 12. Second exhaust pipe; 13. Spray tank. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.
[0019] like Figure 2 As shown, this utility model includes a storage tank 1 for storing concentrated hydrochloric acid, a mixing tank 2 for mixing hydrochloric acid, and a water-sealed container 3 containing water. A concentrated hydrochloric acid inlet and a first vent are provided at the top of the storage tank 1, and a concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet is provided at the bottom of the storage tank 1. A mixing liquid inlet and a second vent are provided at the top of the mixing tank 2, and a mixing liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the mixing tank 2.
[0020] A vertically mounted tubular static mixer 4 is installed at the inlet of the mixing liquid. One inlet end of the tubular static mixer 4 is connected to the water inlet pipe 5, and the other inlet end of the tubular static mixer 4 is connected to the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet through the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pipe 6. A concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pump 7 is installed on the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pipe 6.
[0021] In this embodiment, a water flow meter 8 is installed on the inlet pipe 5, and a concentrated hydrochloric acid flow meter 9 is installed on the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pipe 6. The water flow meter 8 monitors the water flow rate in real time, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid flow meter 9 monitors the concentrated hydrochloric acid flow rate in real time. Water and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed in a set ratio in a tubular static mixer 4 to obtain a low-concentration hydrochloric acid of 5-6%. The tubular static mixer 4 completes the mixing of water and concentrated hydrochloric acid, adjusting the 32% concentrated hydrochloric acid to a 5-6% dilute hydrochloric acid solution. The 5-6% dilute hydrochloric acid solution enters the mixing tank 2. A dilute hydrochloric acid outlet pump 10 is installed at the outlet of the mixed solution, and the 5-6% dilute hydrochloric acid solution in the mixing tank 2 is output for production by the dilute hydrochloric acid outlet pump 10.
[0022] The tubular static mixer 4 is an existing structure, and its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here. The first gas outlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the tubular static mixer 4 through the first exhaust pipe 11. The first exhaust pipe 11 has an inverted U-shaped pipe structure. When water and concentrated hydrochloric acid are mixed in the tubular static mixer 4, they will form a swirling flow. At the liquid outlet A of the tubular static mixer 4, due to the enlarged cross-sectional area, a hollow swirling flow is formed. The swirling liquid at A will have a sealing effect, thereby preventing the hydrochloric acid gas in the first exhaust pipe 11 from escaping.
[0023] The second air outlet is connected to the second exhaust pipe 12, and the lower end of the second exhaust pipe 12 is inserted below the liquid level in the water seal tank 3.
[0024] In practical use, concentrated hydrochloric acid is periodically supplied to storage tank 1. Concentrated hydrochloric acid output pump 7 and dilute hydrochloric acid output pump 10 will work continuously to supply dilute hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 5-6% to the production.
[0025] When concentrated hydrochloric acid is supplied to storage tank 1, theoretically, for every cubic meter of liquid entering storage tank 1, a cubic meter of gas will exit. When concentrated hydrochloric acid enters, the pressure in storage tank 1 rises, and the gas will break through the water layer at point A to achieve the purpose of depressurization. At the same time, the gas will come into contact with water, and most of the hydrochloric acid in the gas will dissolve into the water, playing a role in recovery. The residual hydrochloric acid that has not been recovered enters mixing tank 2. Because the concentration of hydrochloric acid in mixing tank 2 is very low, it will also dissolve the residual hydrochloric acid gas, further diluting the gas concentration in mixing tank 2. As the gas pressure in mixing tank 2 further rises, the excess gas will pass through the exhaust pipe and the water seal tank 3 to discharge the excess gas through water. Even if there are a few hydrochloric acid molecules in the diluted gas, they will be absorbed into the water seal tank 3, achieving no hydrochloric acid evaporation.
[0026] When storage tank 1 is not supplied with concentrated hydrochloric acid, but only the concentrated hydrochloric acid output pump 7 and the dilute hydrochloric acid output pump 10 are turned on to deliver hydrochloric acid, a negative pressure will gradually form inside storage tank 1. This negative pressure at point A will rupture the liquid layer. Because at point A the prepared liquid is on the outer layer and air is in the middle, the prepared liquid and gas enter the riser section of the first exhaust pipe 11, failing to form a liquid seal and breaking the air. Since the density of gas is much less than that of liquid, the gas will pass through the liquid layer and preferentially float into storage tank 1 to fill the space occupied by the reduced medium in storage tank 1. Thus, gas enters storage tank 1 from the preparation tank 2, while the prepared liquid flows back to the preparation tank 2. Subsequently, the negative pressure at point A will rupture the liquid layer again, causing the above process to repeat cyclically, maintaining the pressure difference between the inside and outside of storage tank 1 within a suitable range. In this embodiment, the riser section of the first exhaust pipe 11 is 1.5 meters high.
[0027] As the negative pressure in mixing tank 2 increases further, the lower end of the second exhaust pipe 12 draws water from the water seal tank 3, causing the lower end of the second exhaust pipe 12 to leak out of the water surface and allow air to enter. Since the density of air is much less than that of water, the air will pass through the water layer and float into the mixing tank 2 first, filling the space occupied by the reduced medium in the mixing tank 2. In this way, air enters the mixing tank 2 through the second exhaust pipe 12, while the water flows back to the water seal tank 3. Then the lower end of the second exhaust pipe 12 draws water from the water seal tank 3 again, making the above process repeat. This keeps the pressure difference inside and outside the mixing tank 2 within a suitable range, forming an inflow and outflow balance and effectively preventing hydrochloric acid molecules from escaping.
[0028] This invention eliminates the need for a spray tank 13, resulting in low equipment investment, low operating costs, and complete prevention of hydrochloric acid volatilization. The invention cleverly combines the first exhaust pipe 11 and the tubular static mixer 4 to suppress hydrochloric acid volatilization. Under slight negative pressure, air can still be introduced through the first exhaust pipe 11 to prevent pressure buildup in the storage tank 1, and through the second exhaust pipe 12 to prevent pressure buildup in the mixing tank 2. Even if residual hydrochloric acid that has not been recovered enters the mixing tank 2, the very low concentration of hydrochloric acid in the mixing tank 2 will dissolve the residual hydrochloric acid gas, further diluting the gas concentration in the mixing tank 2. The ultra-low concentration gas is then absorbed again through the water seal tank 3, achieving complete recovery of hydrochloric acid and preventing its escape.
[0029] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features of this utility model not described can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. This utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this utility model do not depart from the spirit of this utility model and should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A device for preventing the volatilization of concentrated hydrochloric acid, comprising a storage tank for storing concentrated hydrochloric acid and a mixing tank for mixing hydrochloric acid, characterized in that: It also includes a water-sealed tank containing water; a concentrated hydrochloric acid inlet and a first vent are provided at the top of the storage tank, and a concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet is provided at the bottom of the storage tank; a mixing liquid inlet and a second vent are provided at the top of the mixing tank, and a mixing liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the mixing tank; a vertically arranged tubular static mixer is installed at the mixing liquid inlet, one inlet end of the tubular static mixer is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the other inlet end of the tubular static mixer is connected to the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet through a concentrated hydrochloric acid output pipe; the first vent is connected to the outlet end of the tubular static mixer through a first exhaust pipe; the second vent is connected to a second exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the second exhaust pipe is inserted below the liquid surface of the water-sealed tank.
2. The concentrated hydrochloric acid anti-volatilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Install a concentrated hydrochloric acid output pump on the concentrated hydrochloric acid output pipe.
3. The concentrated hydrochloric acid anti-volatilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Install a dilute hydrochloric acid output pump at the outlet of the preparation solution.
4. The concentrated hydrochloric acid anti-volatilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Install a water flow meter on the inlet pipe and a concentrated hydrochloric acid flow meter on the concentrated hydrochloric acid outlet pipe.
5. The concentrated hydrochloric acid anti-volatilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first exhaust pipe has an inverted U-shaped structure.