Novel hoisting device for shafts

Abstract

The novel hoisting device for a shaft belongs to the technical field of hoisting equipment and comprises a shaft hoisting device body provided with a basket, an electric hoist and a guide rail, a guide detection mechanism, a detection circuit and a control circuit; the guide detection mechanism comprises a shell, an alternator, a guide wheel, an electromagnetic brake separation mechanism and a supporting wheel, the guide detection mechanism and the basket are installed together, the detection circuit and the control circuit are installed in an electric control box and are electrically connected with the electromagnetic brake separation mechanism. The two sets of guide detection mechanisms of the novel device not only guide the up-and-down movement of the basket but also can monitor the descending speed of the basket in real time; when the descending speed of the basket is too fast due to various reasons, the alarm can timely sound to warn the staff in the basket to pay attention to safety, and the brake plates of the two sets of guide detection mechanisms can tightly contact the inner and outer sides of the two guide rails, thereby playing a brake role on the basket and minimizing the probability of the basket descending too fast, being damaged and the staff being physically harmed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hoisting equipment technology, and in particular to a novel hoisting device for vertical shafts. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of society and the economy, high-rise buildings are becoming increasingly common. During construction, to facilitate the installation of other auxiliary equipment (such as cables, pipes, etc.) within the elevator shaft, or to facilitate access to specific floors for other construction work, temporary hoisting equipment is typically erected on-site within the elevator shaft (and other types of shafts, such as mine shafts and ventilation shafts) before the elevator is installed. The hoisting equipment generally includes a suspended platform, an electric winch, and guide rails. Two guide rails are vertically fixed on both sides of the shaft. Guide wheels at the center of the two outer ends of the suspended platform are located within the two guide rails. The hoisting seat at the top center of the suspended platform is connected to the electric winch at the top of the shaft via a wire rope. When workers inside the suspended platform control the electric winch to wind up the wire rope via a power switch, the suspended platform moves upward along the guide rails via the guide wheels to the relevant work surface. When workers control the electric winch to unwind the wire rope, the suspended platform moves downward along the guide rails via the guide wheels to the relevant work surface or the ground.

[0003] While existing temporary hoisting equipment for elevator shafts meets the needs of hoisting operations to some extent, it also has some technical problems due to structural and functional limitations. Specifically, it lacks effective descent speed monitoring equipment. In situations such as a broken electric winch wire rope, motor loss of power, or excessive weight of goods in the hoist basket, the basket may descend too quickly, posing a risk of damage upon impact with the ground and injury to workers. Therefore, it is essential to provide a safe and reliable hoisting equipment for elevator shafts. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing hoisting equipment used in elevator shafts and other applications, which are limited by structure and have the drawbacks described in the background art, this utility model provides a new type of hoisting device for vertical shafts that can monitor the speed of the suspended platform during descent in real time under the joint action of related mechanisms. When the speed of the suspended platform descent is too fast, it can promptly issue an audible warning to the workers inside the suspended platform to pay attention to safety. It can also brake the suspended platform through a braking mechanism. With multiple methods working in coordination, it minimizes the probability of damage to the suspended platform and personal injury to the workers.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A novel hoisting device for vertical shafts includes a hoisting equipment body with a basket, an electric winch, and guide rails, as well as a guiding detection mechanism, a detection circuit, and a control circuit. The guiding detection mechanism includes a housing, an AC generator, guide wheels, an electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism, and a support wheel. The outer end of the housing has multiple guide holes. The guide wheels are rotatably mounted inside the lower end of the housing, with their outer ends rotatably positioned outside the guide holes at the lower end of the housing. The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism is installed inside the middle of the housing. Bearings are fixedly mounted on both sides of the support wheel. A shaft is laterally fixedly mounted inside the inner ring of each bearing. The rotor coil of the generator is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the shaft. The magnet ring of the generator is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the support wheel. The inner side of the magnet and the coil... The outer spacing of the ring, the lower end of the shaft is fixedly installed with a support rod, the support rod is fixedly installed in the upper end of the housing, and the outer end of the support wheel rotates to be located outside the guide hole at the upper end of the housing; the inner side of the housing of the guide detection mechanism is fixedly installed outside one side of the basket, the basket is located between two guide rails, and the outer side of the guide wheel of the guide detection mechanism rotates and contacts the inner end of the outer side of the guide rail; the detection circuit and the control circuit are installed in the electrical control box of the basket; the signal output terminal of the detection circuit and the signal input terminal of the control circuit are electrically connected, the coil power output terminal of the generator is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the detection circuit, and the power output terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to the electromagnet power input terminal of the electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer end of the housing of the guiding detection mechanism and the outer inner end of the guide rail are spaced apart, and the outer ends of the support wheel and guide wheel rotate to be located at the outer inner end of the guide rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer ends of the support wheel and guide wheel are aligned vertically from top to bottom, and the front-to-back width of the support wheel and guide wheel is smaller than the front-to-back width of the inner end of the guide rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the electromagnetic braking sub-mechanism includes a brake plate, an electromagnet, a guide seat, a movable block, and a spring. The outer end of the guide seat has a guide hole A. The electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner rear end of the guide seat. A guide rod is fixedly installed on the outer end of the movable block. The movable block slides on the inner front end of the guide seat, and the guide rod is located in the guide hole A. The outer end of the inner side of the guide seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner end of the housing. The inner side of the brake plate and the outer side of the guide rod are fixedly installed together. The outer end of the guide rod is located in the guide hole in the middle of the outer end of the housing, and the brake plate is located on the outer side of the housing. A limit plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the guide rod, and the spring is located between the rear side of the limit plate and the outer side of the guide seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism of the guide detection mechanism has a distance between its brake plate and the inner side of the outer end of the guide rail.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection circuit includes a bridge rectifier, a capacitor and a resistor, and a transistor that are electrically connected. The positive power output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to one end of the first resistor. The other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the base of the transistor. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the transistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor.

[0012] Furthermore, the control circuit includes a transistor and a thyristor, a relay, an alarm, and a resistor that are electrically connected. The emitter of the transistor is connected to the anode of the thyristor, and the positive control power input terminal of the relay is connected. The collector of the transistor is connected to one end of the resistor, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the control electrode of the thyristor. The cathode of the thyristor is connected to the positive power input terminal of the relay, and the negative power input terminal of the relay is connected to the negative control power input terminal. The two ends of the alarm power input are connected to the two normally open contacts of the relay.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Based on the elevator shaft hoisting equipment body, the two sets of guiding detection mechanisms not only guide the upward and downward movement of the suspended platform, but also monitor the descent speed of the suspended platform in real time. When the descent speed of the suspended platform is too fast for various reasons, it can promptly sound an alarm to warn the staff inside the suspended platform to pay attention to safety (after hearing the sound, the staff inside the suspended platform can promptly shut off the power of the electric winch). Furthermore, the brake plates of the electromagnetic brake sub-mechanisms of the two sets of guiding detection mechanisms will also move outward under the action of spring force. In this way, the outer side of the brake plates of the electromagnetic brake sub-mechanisms of the two sets of guiding detection mechanisms can make close contact with the outer and inner sides of the two guide rails, thus braking the suspended platform and minimizing the probability of the suspended platform descending too fast, being damaged, and the staff being injured. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 , 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the new type of hoisting device for vertical shafts includes an elevator shaft hoisting equipment body 3 with a suspended basket 1, an electric winch (not shown in the figure), "["-shaped guide rails 2, and other necessary components, and a power module A1. Two guide rails 2 are fixedly installed at the middle of the left and right ends of the vertical shaft (not shown in the figure). The electric winch is fixedly installed on a support frame at the top of the vertical shaft. The lower end of the wire rope 4 on the electric winch drum is fixedly connected to the hoisting seat 101 at the middle of the outer side of the suspended basket. It also includes a guide detection mechanism 5, a detection circuit 6, and a control circuit 7. The guide detection mechanism 5 has two identical sets. Each set of guide detection mechanism 5 includes a housing 51, a small alternator, a guide wheel 52, an electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism, and a support wheel 53. The outer end of the housing 51 has three guide holes 511 spaced from top to bottom at the middle. The guide wheel 52 is rotatably mounted inside the lower end 51 of the housing, with its outer end rotatably located outside the guide holes 511 at the lower end of the housing 51. The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism is installed inside the middle of the housing 51. One bearing 531 is fixedly mounted on the middle of the left and right ends of the support wheel 53, and the two bearings 531... A hollow shaft 532 is horizontally fixedly installed inside the inner ring of the generator. The rotor coil M of the generator (with a silicon steel sheet skeleton on the inner side of the coil) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the middle of the shaft 532. The hollow permanent magnet ring 55 of the generator is fixedly installed on the middle of the inner end of the support wheel 53, and the magnet 55 and the coil M are on the same vertical plane. The inner side of the magnet 55 and the outer side of the coil M are spaced a certain distance (1 mm). The wire connected to the coil M enters the shaft 532 through the opening in the middle of the shaft 532, and the wire is led out from the inner side of the shaft 532. The lower sides of the shaft are... Each end is fixedly installed with a support rod 533. The two support rods 533 are fixedly installed inside the upper end of the housing 51, and the outer ends of the support wheels rotate to be located outside the guide hole at the upper end of the housing 51. The inner sides of the housings 51 of the two sets of guiding detection mechanisms are fixedly installed at the outer middle of the left and right sides of the suspended basket 1. The suspended basket 1 is located between the two guide rails 2, and the outer sides of the support wheels 53 and guide wheels 52 of the two sets of guiding detection mechanisms rotate and rotate to contact the inner ends of the outer sides of the two guide rails 2. The power module A1, the detection circuit 6 and the control circuit 7 are installed in the electrical control box 8 inside the suspended basket.

[0019] Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the outer ends of the housings 51 of the two sets of guiding detection mechanisms and the inner ends of the two guide rails 2 are spaced 1 cm apart. The outer ends of the support wheel 53 and the guide wheel 52 rotate to the inner ends of the guide rails 2. The outer ends of the support wheel 53 and the guide wheel 52 are aligned vertically from top to bottom, and the front-to-back width of the support wheel 53 and the guide wheel 52 is slightly smaller than the front-to-back width of the inner ends of the guide rails 2. The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism includes a brake plate 541, an electromagnet DC, a guide seat 542, a movable block 543, and a spring 544. The movable block 543 is made of steel. The hollow guide seat 542 has a guide hole A5421 in the middle of its outer end. The electromagnet DC is fixedly installed on the inner rear end of the guide seat 542. A guide rod 5431 is fixedly installed on the middle of the outer end of the movable block 543. The movable block 543 slides on the inner front end of the guide seat 542, and the guide rod 5431 is located in the guide hole A. The outer end of the inner side of the guide seat 542 is fixed. Installed in the middle of the inner end of the housing 51, the brake plate 541 is fixedly installed together with the guide rod 5431. The outer end of the guide rod 5431 is located inside the guide hole 511 in the middle of the outer end of the housing. The brake plate 541 (with a brake pad fixedly installed on its outer end) is located outside the housing 51. A limiting plate 545 is fixedly installed in the middle of the guide rod 5431 (the front part is located in the guide hole in the middle left of the housing). The spring 544 is movably located at the outer end of the guide rod 5431 between the rear side of the limiting plate 545 and the outer side of the guide seat 542. The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism of the two sets of guide detection mechanisms has a distance between the inner side of the outer end of the brake plate 541 and the guide rail 52. The detection circuit includes a bridge rectifier A2, a capacitor C, and resistors R1, R2, and R3 connected via circuit board wiring, a transistor Q1, the positive power output terminal 3 of the bridge rectifier A2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and the base of the transistor Q1, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3. The control circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a silicon controlled rectifier VS, a relay K1, an alarm B1, and a resistor R4, all connected via circuit board wiring. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to the anode of silicon controlled rectifier VS, and the positive terminal of relay K1 is connected to the control power input terminal. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the control electrode of silicon controlled rectifier VS. The cathode of silicon controlled rectifier VS is connected to the positive power input terminal of relay K1, and the negative power input terminal of relay K1 is connected to the negative control power input terminal. The two power input terminals of alarm B1 are connected to the two normally open contacts of relay K1.The power input terminals 1 and 2 of power module A1 are connected to the two poles of the 220V AC power supply via wires. The power output terminals 3 and 4 of power module A1 are connected to the power input terminals of the detection circuit (emitter of transistor Q1), the control circuit (anode of thyristor VS), and the relay K1 (negative power input terminal) via wires. The other end of resistor R3 at the signal output terminal of the detection circuit is connected to the base of transistor Q2 at the signal input terminal of the control circuit via wires. The power output terminal of the generator coil M is connected to the signal input terminal of the detection circuit (pins 1 and 2 of bridge rectifier A2) via wires. The normally closed contact of relay K1 at the power output terminal of the control circuit is connected to the DC power input terminals of the electromagnets of the two sets of electromagnetic brake sub-mechanisms via wires.

[0020] Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, this new type of hoisting equipment is based on the elevator shaft hoisting equipment body 3. When the workers in the hoisting basket 1 control the electric winch to wind up the wire rope 4 via the power switch, the hoisting basket 1 moves upward along the guide rail 2 via the guide wheel and support wheel 53 to the relevant working surface. When the electric winch is controlled to unwind the wire rope 4, the hoisting basket 1 moves downward along the guide rail 2 via the guide wheel 52 and support wheel 53 to the relevant working surface or the ground. When the power switch S1 is turned on, the AC 220V power supply enters the power input terminal of the power module A1. The power module A1 outputs a stable DC 24V power supply through pins 3 and 4, which enters the power input terminals of the detection circuit and the control circuit, and the above circuits are powered on and operate. In practice, when the suspended platform 1 descends, the guide wheel 52 and the support wheel 53 rotate along the inner end of the outer side of the guide rail 2. The support wheel 53 drives the magnet 55 to rotate, thus inducing a power supply of about 5V in the coil M. When the descent speed of the suspended platform 1 is appropriate, the power supply voltage generated by the coil M is relatively low. This voltage signal is rectified into DC power by the bridge rectifier A2 (filtered by capacitor C), and then enters the base of the transistor Q1 through the voltage divider of resistors R1 and R2. The voltage is lower than 0.7V, so the transistor Q1 will not conduct. Therefore, the thyristor VS will also not conduct. The 24V power supply will enter the power input terminal of the electromagnet DC through the relay K1 control power input terminal and normally closed contact terminal. The electromagnet DC is energized and generates a magnetic force, which pulls the movable block 543 inward. The distance between the brake plate 541 of the two sets of guide detection mechanisms and the inner end of the outer side of the guide rail 2 is maintained, allowing the suspended platform 1 to descend normally. When the descent speed of the suspended platform 1 is too fast, the power supply voltage generated by coil M is relatively high. This voltage signal, after being divided by resistors R1 and R2, enters the base of transistor Q1, which is higher than 0.7V. Transistor Q1 will conduct, and the collector outputs a low level. This low level is then reduced and current-limited by resistor R3 and enters the base of transistor Q2. Transistor Q2 will then conduct, and the collector outputs a high level. This high level is then reduced and current-limited by resistor R4 and enters the control terminal of the thyristor VS. Therefore, thyristor VS will conduct, and consequently, relay K1 will be energized, opening its control power input terminal and normally closed contact, and closing its control power input terminal and normally open contact. The electromagnet DC is de-energized and no longer generates magnetic force. Under the elastic force of spring 544, movable block 5... 43. The guide rod 5431 moves outward along the guide hole A5421. Consequently, the brake plate 541 also moves outward. The brake plates 541 of the two sets of guide detection mechanisms and the outer inner ends of the guide rail 2 fit tightly together, acting as a brake on the suspended basket 1, and the suspended basket 1 stops descending. After the relay K1 is energized and its control power input terminal and normally open contact terminal are closed, the alarm B1 is energized and sounds to remind the staff in the suspended basket that the suspended basket 1 is descending too fast and that timely measures should be taken. The staff can turn off the power switch of the electric winch in time and then contact other staff for rescue by telephone (for example, other staff can transfer the people in the suspended basket away by crane).After troubleshooting, turning off the power switch S1 caused the thyristor VS to cut off, the relay K1 to lose power and stop engaging, the alarm to stop sounding, the electromagnet to engage again, and the moving block to move inward. This allowed the staff to control the equipment normally.

[0021] Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, this new type of elevator shaft hoisting equipment not only guides the upward and downward movement of the suspended platform, but also monitors the descent speed of the suspended platform in real time. When the descent speed of the suspended platform is too fast for various reasons, it can promptly sound an alarm to warn the workers inside the suspended platform to pay attention to safety (after hearing the sound, the workers inside the suspended platform can promptly turn off the power of the electric winch). In addition, the brake plate will also move outward under the action of the spring. As a result, the outer side of the brake plate of the electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism of the two sets of guidance detection mechanisms can make close contact with the outer inner side of the two guide rails, which can brake the suspended platform and minimize the probability of the suspended platform descending too fast, damage, and personal injury to the workers. Figure 4 In the diagram, power module A1 is a finished AC 220V to DC 24V power module; bridge rectifier A2 is model KBP301; capacitor C is model 470μF / 100V; transistor Q1 is model 9013 (NPN type); transistor Q2 is model 9012 (PNP type); resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4 have resistance values ​​of 43K, 5K, 4.7K, and 4.7K respectively; thyristor VS is model MCR100-1 (unidirectional thyristor); relay K1 is model DC24V; electromagnet DC is a 30W DC electromagnet; generator M is a 5V DC small generator.

[0022] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes the embodiments, the embodiments do not necessarily contain only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A novel hoisting device for vertical shafts, comprising a main body of a vertical shaft hoisting equipment with a basket, an electric winch, and guide rails, characterized in that, It also includes a guiding detection mechanism, a detection circuit, and a control circuit. The guiding detection mechanism comprises a housing, an AC generator, a guide wheel, an electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism, and a support wheel. The outer end of the housing has multiple guide holes. The guide wheel is rotatably mounted inside the lower end of the housing, with its outer end rotatably positioned outside the guide holes at the lower end of the housing. The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism is installed inside the middle of the housing. Bearings are fixedly mounted on both sides of the support wheel. A shaft is laterally fixedly mounted inside the inner ring of each bearing. The rotor coil of the generator is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the shaft. The generator's magnet ring is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the support wheel, with a distance between the inner side of the magnet and the outer side of the coil. A [missing information - likely a component or element] is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the shaft. A support rod is fixedly installed inside the upper part of the housing, and the outer end of the support wheel rotates to be located outside the guide hole at the upper end of the housing; the inner side of the housing of the guide detection mechanism is fixedly installed outside one side of the basket, the basket is located between two guide rails, and the outer side of the support wheel of the guide detection mechanism rotates and contacts the inner end of the outer side of the guide rail; the detection circuit and the control circuit are installed in the electrical control box of the basket; the signal output terminal of the detection circuit and the signal input terminal of the control circuit are electrically connected, the coil power output terminal of the generator is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the detection circuit, and the power output terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to the electromagnet power input terminal of the electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism.

2. The novel hoisting device for vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the outer end of the housing of the guiding detection mechanism and the inner end of the outer side of the guide rail is such that the outer ends of the support wheel and guide wheel rotate at the inner end of the outer side of the guide rail.

3. The novel hoisting device for vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ends of the support wheel and guide wheel are aligned vertically from top to bottom, and the front-to-back width of the support wheel and guide wheel is smaller than the front-to-back width of the inner end of the guide rail.

4. The novel hoisting device for vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism includes a brake plate, an electromagnet, a guide seat, a movable block, and a spring. The outer end of the guide seat has a guide hole A. The electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner rear end of the guide seat. The outer end of the movable block is fixedly installed with a guide rod. The movable block slides on the inner front end of the guide seat, and the guide rod is located in the guide hole A. The outer end of the inner side of the guide seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner end of the housing. The inner side of the brake plate and the outer side of the guide rod are fixedly installed together. The outer end of the guide rod is located in the guide hole in the middle of the outer end of the housing, and the brake plate is located on the outer side of the housing. A limit plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the guide rod, and the spring is located between the rear side of the limit plate and the outer side of the guide seat.

5. The novel hoisting device for vertical shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electromagnetic brake sub-mechanism of the guide detection mechanism has a distance between its brake plate and the inner side of the outer end of the guide rail.

6. The novel hoisting device for vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection circuit includes an electrically connected bridge rectifier, capacitors and resistors, and a transistor. The positive power output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to one end of the first resistor. The other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the base of the transistor. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the transistor. The collector of the transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor.

7. The novel hoisting device for vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit includes a transistor and a thyristor, a relay, an alarm, and a resistor connected electrically. The emitter of the transistor is connected to the anode of the thyristor, and the positive control power input terminal of the relay is connected. The collector of the transistor is connected to one end of the resistor, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the control electrode of the thyristor. The cathode of the thyristor is connected to the positive power input terminal of the relay, and the negative power input terminal of the relay is connected to the negative control power input terminal. The two ends of the alarm power input are connected to the two normally open contacts of the relay.

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