A sewage treatment apparatus
By using a combination of inclined baffles and guide plates in the anaerobic reactor, the cross-section of the baffle channel and the velocity gradient are optimized, solving the problem of insufficient guiding structure in traditional ABRs. This achieves efficient mixing of wastewater and sludge and full degradation of pollutants, thus improving treatment efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
The lack of targeted flow guiding structures in existing anaerobic baffle reactors (ABRs) leads to excessively high flow velocities in the central region and excessively slow flow velocities in the edge and dead zone regions. As a result, pollutants are not fully degraded and sludge accumulates, resulting in low reactor utilization and poor mass transfer efficiency.
The combination of inclined baffles and guide plates forms a non-uniform cross-section baffle channel. Combined with the flow gap between the guide plate and the pool wall, it guides the water flow to diffuse and generates disturbance, promoting the mixing of sewage and sludge. Through velocity gradient and shear force, laminar flow is transformed into turbulent flow.
It improves wastewater treatment efficiency, enhances the diffusion of pollutants within sludge flocs, reduces sludge deposition, and improves the effective volume utilization and mass transfer efficiency of the reactor.
Smart Images
Figure CN224493917U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, specifically to a wastewater treatment device. Background Technology
[0002] Anaerobic biological treatment technology is widely used for treating high-concentration organic wastewater due to its advantages such as low energy consumption and low sludge production. Among them, the anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) divides the reactor into multiple series reaction units by setting baffle structures in the reaction tank. This causes the wastewater to flow in a zigzag pattern under the baffle effect, prolonging the hydraulic retention time and promoting the contact between sludge and wastewater. Pollutants are degraded through the metabolic action of anaerobic microorganisms.
[0003] Existing ABRs (Automatic Bioreactors) typically employ flat plate structures perpendicular to the tank bottom (such as vertical baffles), forming uniform straight channels between adjacent baffles. In this structure, water flows along the central region of least resistance after entering the channel, creating a "channeling flow." This results in excessively high flow velocity in the central area, causing some pollutants to flow out before complete degradation. Meanwhile, the channel edges and the junctions between the baffles and the tank walls and bottom create "dead zones" due to slow flow velocity, making it difficult for wastewater and sludge to come into contact. A large amount of pollutants remain in these areas, reducing the effective volume utilization rate of the reactor. Furthermore, traditional ABRs lack targeted flow guidance structures, with water flow primarily in a laminar state. The mixing of wastewater and sludge mainly relies on natural diffusion, resulting in high mass transfer resistance. Especially in the treatment of high-concentration wastewater, pollutants struggle to diffuse into the sludge flocs, leading to slow degradation rates. Simultaneously, in laminar flow, sludge tends to deposit and clump at the bottom of the channel, reducing the number of active microorganisms and further decreasing treatment efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present invention aims to provide a wastewater treatment device to solve the problem of the lack of a targeted flow guiding structure in the prior art.
[0005] A wastewater treatment device includes an anaerobic reactor. The anaerobic reactor contains multiple flow-disrupting components arranged alternately along the water flow direction. Each flow-disrupting component includes a baffle plate and a guide plate. The baffle plates are inclined relative to the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor, and a flow-disrupting channel is formed between adjacent baffle plates. The flow-disrupting channel includes an inlet and an outlet. One end of each guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the anaerobic reactor, and the other end extends towards the outlet direction of the flow-disrupting channel. A flow gap is formed between the guide plate and the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor.
[0006] The working principle and beneficial effects of this utility model:
[0007] The baffles are inclined relative to the bottom of the tank, changing the rigid obstruction of water flow by traditional vertical baffles. This guides the water flow towards the bottom of the tank and the edge of the baffle channel, whereas conventional vertical baffles create dead zones at the connection between their bottom and the tank bottom. The increased flow velocity of the guided water increases the sludge's suspension. The baffles extend towards the outlet of the baffle channel, forming a flow gap with the bottom of the tank. When the water flows through this gap, the spatial constraints create local disturbances, drawing the low-velocity water at the edge of the baffle channel into the main flow, while simultaneously flushing away the sludge deposited at the bottom of the tank.
[0008] The optimized flow channel features a non-uniform cross-sectional area along the water flow direction. Traditional constant-section channels cannot break the laminar flow, resulting in insufficient mixing of wastewater and sludge and low mass transfer efficiency. The non-uniform cross-section (e.g., alternating widths) creates a velocity gradient through changes in cross-sectional dimensions, with lower velocities in wider areas and higher velocities in narrower areas. This velocity gradient generates lateral shear force, transforming laminar flow into turbulent flow, promoting lateral mixing of wastewater and sludge, and enhancing the diffusion of pollutants into the sludge flocs.
[0009] Ideally, the angle between the baffle plate and the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor is 60–80°. This 60–80° angle guides the water flow to flush and suspend the deposited sludge.
[0010] In an optimized configuration, the cross-sectional area of the baffle channel is gradually reduced along the water flow direction, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the baffle channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet.
[0011] The channel gradually narrows from the inlet to the outlet, and the water flow velocity increases as the cross-section decreases during the narrowing process, forming an "accelerated flow".
[0012] The centrifugal force generated by the accelerated flow forces the water to diffuse towards the edge of the channel, while simultaneously enhancing shear mixing with the sludge.
[0013] The optimized ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet to the outlet of the baffle channel is 1.5 to 2:1.
[0014] Optimized, the extension length of the guide plate is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the anaerobic reactor, and the height of the flow gap is 0.3 to 0.5 m. The matching of the guide plate and the gap height ensures that the vortex intensity is moderate, neither impacting the sludge nor hindering its movement. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wastewater treatment device.
[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wastewater treatment device in Example 2.
[0018] The diagrams in the instruction manual include the following labels: 1. Anaerobic reactor; 2. Inlet; 3. Baffle plate; 4. Baffle channel; 5. Outlet; 6. Guide block; 7. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:
[0020] Example 1: A wastewater treatment device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system includes an anaerobic reactor 1, which includes an inlet 2 and an outlet 5. The anaerobic reactor 1 is equipped with baffles and flow guides arranged alternately along the flow direction. Each baffle assembly includes two baffle plates 3, with the baffle plates 3 forming a 60° angle with the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor 1. Adjacent baffle plates 3 form a flow channel 4, which includes an inlet and an outlet. Each flow guide assembly includes a flow guide plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the anaerobic reactor 1, and the other end extends towards the outlet of the flow channel 4, forming a flow guide gap between the flow guide plate and the baffle plates 3. The extension length of the flow guide plate is half the width of the anaerobic reactor 1, and the height of the flow gap is 0.3m.
[0021] The baffle plate 3 is inclined relative to the bottom of the pool, which changes the rigid obstruction of water flow by the traditional vertical baffle plate 3. It guides the water flow to diffuse towards the bottom of the pool and the edge of the baffle channel 4. In contrast, the vertical setting of the baffle plate 3 in conventional technology results in a dead angle at the connection between its bottom and the bottom of the pool. The increased flow velocity of the guided water washes away and suspends the deposited sludge. The guide plate extends towards the outlet of the baffle channel 4, forming a flow gap with the bottom of the pool. When the water flows through the gap, the spatial constraint causes local disturbance, which draws the low-velocity water flow at the edge of the baffle channel 4 into the mainstream, while simultaneously washing away the sludge deposited at the bottom of the pool.
[0022] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional area of the baffle channel 4 is non-uniformly distributed along the water flow direction, with the inlet cross-sectional area of the baffle channel 4 being larger than the outlet cross-sectional area. That is, the cross-sectional area is changed by fixing a guide block 6 to one side of the baffle plate 3.
[0023] Variations in cross-sectional width create velocity gradients, with lower velocities in wider areas and higher velocities in narrower areas. These velocity gradients generate lateral shear forces, transforming laminar flow into turbulent flow, promoting lateral mixing of wastewater and sludge, and enhancing the diffusion of pollutants into sludge flocs. During the contraction process, the flow velocity increases due to the reduced cross-section, forming an accelerated flow. The centrifugal force generated by this accelerated flow forces the water to diffuse towards the channel edge, simultaneously enhancing shear mixing with the sludge.
[0024] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A wastewater treatment device, characterized in that: The device includes an anaerobic reactor, which contains multiple flow-turbing components arranged alternately along the water flow direction. Each flow-turbing component includes a guide plate and two baffles. The baffles are inclined relative to the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor, and a flow channel is formed between the two baffles. The flow channel includes an inlet and an outlet. One end of the guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the anaerobic reactor, and the other end extends towards the outlet of the flow channel. A flow gap is formed between the guide plate and the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor.
2. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of the baffle channel is non-uniformly distributed along the water flow direction.
3. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the baffle plate and the bottom surface of the anaerobic reactor is 60-80°.
4. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of the baffle channel gradually decreases along the direction of water flow, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the baffle channel is larger than that of the outlet.
5. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet to the outlet of the baffle channel is 1.5 to 2:
1.
6. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extension length of the guide plate is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the anaerobic reaction tank, and the height of the flow gap is 0.3 to 0.5 m.