Spherical support adapting to small-curvature bridge displacement

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of support, specifically relates to a spherical support adapting to small curvature bridge displacement, including upper support plate, spherical crown lining board and lower support plate, the upper support plate and spherical crown lining board have plane sliding pair between, still include piston plate, the piston plate is located between the spherical crown lining board and lower support plate, the spherical crown lining board bottom surface and piston plate top surface between are spherical surface rotary pair, the upper support plate bottom surface has the sliding slot, the cross section appearance of piston plate is rectangular with the sliding slot adaptation, the sliding slot and piston plate side wall are plane contact, the lower support plate top surface has the boss of cylindrical, the bottom surface of piston plate has the recess with the boss adaptation, the recess and boss can cooperate and form plane rotary pair. Can 360 degree rotation and can deliver horizontal force, curve direction is various, fault tolerance is good and bridge and support stress balance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bearing technology, and in particular to a spherical bearing that adapts to the displacement of bridges with small curvature. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing prevalence of curved bridges, especially those with small curvatures (curve radii less than 600 meters), the curved beams undergo significant planar rotation due to temperature displacement as the span increases. This rotation causes the upper support plate to rotate. If conventional spherical bearings are used, the lateral guide surface of the upper support plate block of the longitudinal movable bearing is a planar sliding surface. The bearing displacement can only move along the tangent of the curve, i.e., linear motion, which cannot accommodate the rotation of the beam. This leads to sharp-angle local contact between the lateral guide block and the end of the upper support plate block during movement, causing stress concentration in the component and affecting the service life of the bearing. For heavy-haul railways, highway bridges with heavy beam weight or large spans, and curved bridges where replacing the top beam bearing is difficult, the durability requirements for bridge bearings are even higher, making these types of bearings unsuitable.

[0003] Currently, there is limited research on bridge bearings with small curvature radii. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN113389136A discloses "a bridge bearing device with unidirectional sliding and planar rotation." Its structure involves setting a relative sliding surface that matches the curved surface and the plane on the horizontal stop of a conventional spherical steel bearing to adapt to the curved movement of the bridge. However, since the radius of the curved surface needs to be designed in conjunction with the radius of the bridge curve, its adaptability is too poor. There is also a stress concentration phenomenon at the interface between the curved surface and the plane. At the same time, its curve is a unidirectional curve and is not easy to detect inside the bearing. If the bearing is installed in the wrong direction on site, it will not only fail to adapt to the curved movement of the bridge, but will also resist the movement and increase the stress on the bridge, resulting in poor fault tolerance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of existing spherical steel bearings used in bridges with small curvature radii, such as single curve direction, poor fault tolerance, and poor bearing stress, and to provide a spherical bearing that can adapt to the displacement of bridges with small curvature.

[0005] This utility model provides a spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of bridges with small curvature, including an upper bearing plate, a spherical crown liner, and a lower bearing plate. A planar sliding pair exists between the upper bearing plate and the spherical crown liner. The bearing also includes a piston plate located between the spherical crown liner and the lower bearing plate. A spherical revolute pair exists between the bottom surface of the spherical crown liner and the top surface of the piston plate. The bottom surface of the upper bearing plate has a groove. The cross-sectional shape of the piston plate is rectangular and fits the groove. The groove is in planar contact with the sidewall of the piston plate. The top surface of the lower bearing plate has a cylindrical boss, and the bottom surface of the piston plate has a groove that fits the boss. The groove and the boss can cooperate to form a planar revolute pair.

[0006] This invention provides a spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of bridges with small curvatures. By adding a piston plate between the spherical cap liner and the lower support plate, the lower part of the piston plate and the upper part of the lower support plate form a cylindrical mating structure, allowing the piston plate to rotate 360 ​​degrees relative to the lower support plate and transmit horizontal forces. This enables the bearing to adapt to various curvature directions, improves design adaptability, and enhances fault tolerance. The upper side of the piston plate and the stop block forming the groove on the upper support plate are always in planar contact, ensuring stable and reliable force distribution and preventing stress concentration. During the sliding process, the sliding surface remains tangential to the curve through rotation, adapting to the curved movement of the bridge without increasing the stress on the bridge. This results in better structural safety, longer service life, and effectively solves the problem of inconsistent bearing movement direction with bridge movement direction during temperature displacement. It is particularly suitable for bridges with small curvatures.

[0007] Preferably, a self-lubricating plate is provided between the groove and the boss, and the self-lubricating plate is provided with a plurality of through holes for filling graphite.

[0008] Preferably, the through holes are evenly distributed in a ring array with the center of the groove as the center, and the through holes are also provided at the center of the circle.

[0009] Preferably, the self-lubricating plate is a brass component.

[0010] The combination of brass and inlaid graphite has a self-lubricating function, which can maintain a low coefficient of friction for a long time and ensure the long-term reliability of piston plate rotation.

[0011] Preferably, the self-lubricating plate has a basin-shaped structure, and the through hole is provided circumferentially along the side wall of the basin-shaped structure.

[0012] Preferably, the boss is replaced with a frustum shape.

[0013] Preferably, the positions of the boss and the groove are interchanged.

[0014] Preferably, a flat wear-resistant plate is provided between the spherical crown liner and the upper support plate.

[0015] Preferably, a spherical wear-resistant plate is provided between the spherical crown liner and the piston plate.

[0016] The flat wear-resistant plate and the spherical wear-resistant plate can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

[0017] Preferably, the upper support plate is connected to the upper anchor steel bar by a first anchor bolt, and the lower support plate is connected to the lower anchor steel bar by a second anchor bolt.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] This invention provides a spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of bridges with small curvatures. By adding a piston plate between the spherical cap liner and the lower support plate, the lower part of the piston plate and the upper part of the lower support plate form a cylindrical mating structure, allowing the piston plate to rotate 360 ​​degrees relative to the lower support plate and transmit horizontal forces. This enables the bearing to adapt to various curvature directions, improves design adaptability, and enhances fault tolerance. The upper side of the piston plate and the stop block forming the groove on the upper support plate are always in planar contact, ensuring stable and reliable force distribution and preventing stress concentration. During the sliding process, the sliding surface remains tangential to the curve through rotation, adapting to the curved movement of the bridge without increasing the stress on the bridge. This results in better structural safety, longer service life, and effectively solves the problem of inconsistent bearing movement direction with bridge movement direction during temperature displacement. It is particularly suitable for bridges with small curvatures. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a spherical bearing adapted to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper support plate in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston plate in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the piston plate in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the self-lubricating plate in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a top view of the self-lubricating plate in Example 1 (graphite is not shown).

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lower support plate in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the piston plate and the lower support plate in Example 1.

[0028] Marked in the image:

[0029] 1-Upper support plate, 11-Slide groove, 12-First anchor bolt, 13-Upper anchor steel bar, 2-Spherical crown liner, 3-Lower support plate, 31-Boss, 32-Second anchor bolt, 33-Lower anchor steel bar, 4-Piston plate, 41-Groove, 5-Self-lubricating plate, 51-Through hole, 52-Graphite, 6-Flat wear-resistant plate, 7-Spherical wear-resistant plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" used in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0035] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature includes an upper support plate 1, a spherical cap liner 2, a piston plate 4, and a lower support plate 3. A planar sliding pair exists between the upper support plate 1 and the spherical cap liner 2. The piston plate 4 is located between the spherical cap liner 2 and the lower support plate 3. A spherical revolute pair exists between the bottom surface of the spherical cap liner 2 and the top surface of the piston plate 4. The bottom surface of the upper support plate 1 has a groove 11. The cross-sectional shape of the piston plate 4 is rectangular and fits the groove 11. The groove 11 is in planar contact with the sidewall of the piston plate 4. The top surface of the lower support plate 3 has a cylindrical boss 31. The bottom surface of the piston plate 4 has a groove 41 that fits the boss 31. The groove 41 and the boss 31 can cooperate to form a planar revolute pair. A flat wear-resistant plate 6 is provided between the spherical crown liner 2 and the upper support plate 1, and a spherical wear-resistant plate 7 is provided between the spherical crown liner 2 and the piston plate 4. The upper support plate 1 is connected to the upper anchor steel bar 13 by the first anchor bolt 12, and the lower support plate 3 is connected to the lower anchor steel bar 33 by the second anchor bolt 32.

[0038] Specifically, the upper support plate 1 forms a sliding groove 11 through the blocks on both sides, such as Figure 2 As shown, the piston plate 4 has a square outer shape and a circular inner shape. The top surface of the piston plate 4 is a concave spherical surface, and the bottom surface is a concave cylindrical groove 41, as shown. Figure 3-4 As shown, the top surface of the lower support plate 3 has a cylindrical boss 31, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the piston plate 4 and the lower support plate 3 are assembled via a groove 41 and a boss 31, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, it can enable both to rotate 360 ​​degrees and transmit horizontal force, resulting in good support tolerance. No additional limiting structure is needed between piston plate 4 and lower support plate 3, further simplifying the support structure.

[0039] A self-lubricating plate 5 is located between the groove 41 and the boss 31. The self-lubricating plate 5 can be made of brass and has a basin-shaped structure. Both the plane and sidewalls of the self-lubricating plate 5 have through holes 51. The size of the through holes 51 is set according to actual needs. The through holes 51 are used to fill graphite 52, such as... Figure 5-6 As shown. The arrangement and number of through holes 51 on the plane are set according to actual needs. For example, the through holes 51 can be evenly distributed in a ring array with the center of the groove 41 as the center. Through holes 51 can also be provided at the center, or they can be arranged in a radial or quincunx pattern. The combination of brass inlaid with graphite has a self-lubricating function, which can maintain a low coefficient of friction for a long time and ensure the long-term reliability of the piston plate rotation. The distribution of through holes 51 on the side wall can be evenly spaced along the circumference to facilitate uniform friction during rotation.

[0040] In some alternative embodiments, the self-lubricating plate 5 may have a planar structure, i.e., without sidewalls.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, the positions of the boss 31 and the groove 41 are interchanged, that is, the bottom surface of the piston plate 4 is provided with the boss 31, while the top surface of the lower support plate 3 is provided with the groove 41.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the boss 31 is replaced with a frustum shape, and the side of the boss 31 may have a certain angle. The angle is set according to actual needs, and the direction of the upper and lower ends of the frustum is determined according to the actual assembly situation.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments, the convex and concave spherical surfaces of the spherical cap liner 2 and the piston plate 4 can be interchanged.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, the number and position of the upper anchor steel bar 13 and the lower anchor steel bar 33 are set according to actual needs, and usually one is set at each of the four corners.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the upper support plate 1 is further provided with an upper anchor plate, and the lower support plate 3 is further provided with a lower anchor plate.

[0046] This invention provides a spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of bridges with small curvatures. By adding a piston plate 4 between the spherical cap liner 2 and the lower support plate 3, a cylindrical mating structure is formed between the lower part of the piston plate and the upper part of the lower support plate. This allows the piston plate to rotate 360 ​​degrees relative to the lower support plate and transmit horizontal forces, thus enabling diverse curve directions, good design adaptability, and good bearing tolerance. The upper side of the piston plate and the stop block forming the groove on the upper support plate are always in planar contact, ensuring stable and reliable force distribution and preventing stress concentration. During the sliding process, the sliding surface is always kept tangential to the curve through rotation, adapting to the curved movement of the bridge without increasing the stress on the bridge. This results in better structural safety, longer service life, and effectively solves the problem of inconsistent bearing movement direction with bridge movement direction during temperature displacement. It is particularly suitable for bridges with small curvatures.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature, comprising an upper bearing plate (1), a spherical cap liner (2), and a lower bearing plate (3), wherein the upper bearing plate (1) and the spherical cap liner (2) have a planar sliding pair, characterized in that, It also includes a piston plate (4), which is located between the spherical crown liner (2) and the lower support plate (3). The bottom surface of the spherical crown liner (2) and the top surface of the piston plate (4) are spherical revolute pairs. The bottom surface of the upper support plate (1) has a groove (11). The cross-sectional shape of the piston plate (4) is rectangular and fits the groove (11). The groove (11) and the side wall of the piston plate (4) are in planar contact. The top surface of the lower support plate (3) has a cylindrical boss (31). The bottom surface of the piston plate (4) has a groove (41) that fits the boss (31). The groove (41) and the boss (31) can cooperate to form a planar revolute pair.

2. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 1, characterized in that, A self-lubricating plate (5) is provided between the groove (41) and the boss (31), and the self-lubricating plate (5) is provided with a plurality of through holes (51) for filling graphite (52).

3. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The through holes (51) are evenly distributed in a ring array with the center of the groove (41) as the center, and the through holes (51) are also provided at the center.

4. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-lubricating plate (5) is a brass component.

5. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-lubricating plate (5) has a basin-shaped structure, and the through hole (51) is provided along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the basin-shaped structure.

6. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boss (31) is replaced with a frustum shape.

7. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The positions of the boss (31) and the groove (41) are interchanged.

8. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 7, characterized in that, A flat wear-resistant plate (6) is provided between the spherical crown liner (2) and the upper support plate (1).

9. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 7, characterized in that, A spherical wear-resistant plate (7) is provided between the spherical crown liner (2) and the piston plate (4).

10. A spherical bearing adaptable to the displacement of a bridge with small curvature according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper support plate (1) is connected to the upper anchor steel bar (13) by the first anchor bolt (12), and the lower support plate (3) is connected to the lower anchor steel bar (33) by the second anchor bolt (32).

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