Combined foundation construction cofferdam

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined foundation construction cofferdam relates to hydraulic engineering, foundation construction technical field, specifically is a combined foundation construction cofferdam, including the water bottom ground, the upper side of water bottom ground is inserted and is connected with tubular column, and the tubular column between is provided with the first level forming cofferdam that can move up and down, and the first level forming cofferdam includes the first level polygonal cofferdam board, and the corner department inside the first level polygonal cofferdam board is fixedly installed with the first level polygonal outer connecting sleeve, and the first level polygonal outer connecting sleeve is connected with the radiation star type support through bolt connection between. Through the cooperation setting of tubular column, first level forming cofferdam, connecting sleeve and cofferdam board, make this combined foundation construction cofferdam have the effect that the construction difficulty is small, through the cooperation setting of tubular column, first level forming cofferdam, connecting sleeve and cofferdam board, make this combined foundation construction cofferdam have the effect that it is not easy to be damaged and is convenient for repeated use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of water conservancy engineering and foundation construction technology, specifically a combined foundation construction cofferdam. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects and bridge foundation construction, cofferdams are widely used as temporary water-retaining structures. Currently, cofferdams can be classified by building materials into earth-rock cofferdams, concrete cofferdams, sheet pile lattice cofferdams, bamboo cage cofferdams, wooden cage cofferdams, and grass-soil cofferdams. Among these, sheet pile lattice cofferdams consist of sheet piles connected by interlocking joints to form a lattice (such as cylindrical, fan-shaped, or petal-shaped, with cylindrical being the most common). The lattice is filled with highly permeable fillers (such as sand or gravel). They offer advantages such as robust erosion resistance, good seepage prevention, small cross-section, ease of mechanized construction, and reusability. Traditional sheet pile lattice cofferdam construction requires inserting individual sheet piles... The process of driving sheet piles into the water and ensuring a tight interlock between adjacent sheet piles requires high dimensional accuracy, high verticality and positional accuracy when driven into the water, and high degree of fit of the interlocks. It necessitates the use of specialized pile driving equipment (such as vibratory hammers), and the pile driving sequence and force control are complex, resulting in a significant amount of time spent on adjustments and considerable difficulty during construction. Sheet piles are susceptible to wear and deformation during pile driving and extraction, requiring repair and maintenance for reuse, increasing subsequent maintenance costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a combined foundation construction cofferdam that combines the advantages of sheet pile grid cofferdams with low construction difficulty, high stability, and ease of reuse. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a combined foundation construction cofferdam, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a combined foundation construction cofferdam, comprising an underwater foundation, with tubular columns inserted above the underwater foundation, and a first-stage movable cofferdam between the tubular columns. The first-stage cofferdam includes a first-stage polygonal cofferdam plate, with a first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve fixedly installed at the corner of the inner edge of the first-stage polygonal cofferdam plate. Radial star-shaped brackets are bolted between the first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeves. A first-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve is inserted inside the upper end of the first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve. A second-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve is sleeved above the first-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve. A second-stage cofferdam plate is bolted between the outer surfaces of the second-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeves. A second-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve is inserted above the second-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve. An N-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve is sleeved above the second-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve. An N-stage cofferdam plate is bolted between the outer surfaces of the N-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeves.

[0007] Preferably, the primary polygonal cofferdam plate and the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve are regular polygons with the same number of sides, and the two outer surfaces of the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve contact the two inner surfaces of the primary polygonal cofferdam plate and are fixed by welding.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve is higher than the upper surface of the primary polygonal cofferdam plate, and the difference in height is half the height of the secondary cofferdam plate. The height of the cofferdam plate is the same as the height of the polygonal outer connecting sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, all polygonal outer connecting sleeves have the same cross-sectional dimensions, all polygonal inner connecting sleeves have the same cross-sectional dimensions and are provided with through holes in the middle that fit with the tubular column gap, and the two ends of the polygonal inner connecting sleeves are inserted into the interior of the upper and lower polygonal outer connecting sleeves and are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the radial star-shaped support includes a central cylinder, with ribs uniformly fixedly installed around the periphery of the central cylinder by welding. The outer ends of the ribs are provided with bent plates, which are fixedly connected to the outer side of the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve by bolts. The central cylinder is located in the middle of the primary formed cofferdam and has internal threads. A through hole is opened in the middle of the ribs.

[0011] Preferably, vertical elongated holes are provided on both sides of the secondary cofferdam plate and the N-level cofferdam plate. The secondary cofferdam plate and the secondary polygonal outer connecting sleeve, as well as the N-level cofferdam plate and the N-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve, are fixedly connected by bolts, and the upper and lower surfaces of the secondary cofferdam plate and the N-level cofferdam plate are in contact with each other.

[0012] This utility model provides a combined foundation construction cofferdam, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. This modular foundation construction cofferdam, through the coordinated arrangement of tubular columns, a single-stage prefabricated cofferdam, connecting sleeves, and cofferdam plates, achieves a low construction difficulty. The shape and dimensions of the cofferdam are directly determined by the single-stage prefabricated cofferdam constructed on land, avoiding on-water surveying and construction, thus reducing construction difficulty. The single-stage prefabricated cofferdam, with its tightly welded perimeter, can be directly placed over the water bottom to form a bottom sealing zone, greatly reducing the difficulty of sealing the bottom. The cofferdam is fixed by tubular columns that are easy to drive into the water bottom, reducing the difficulty of fixing the cofferdam. Subsequently, only the connecting sleeves and cofferdam plates need to be connected upwards on the single-stage prefabricated cofferdam to obtain the cofferdam of the required height, which is very convenient.

[0014] 2. This combined foundation construction cofferdam, through the coordinated arrangement of tubular columns, primary prefabricated cofferdam, connecting sleeves and cofferdam plates, achieves the effect of being not easily damaged and easy to reuse. During construction, only the tubular columns need to be driven into the bottom of the water with piling equipment. The primary prefabricated cofferdam, connecting sleeves and cofferdam plates that constitute the main body of the cofferdam do not need to be subjected to impact forces. Therefore, it is not easily damaged even if it is reused. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional view of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the main view of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional view of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Underwater foundation; 2. Tubular column; 3. Primary formed cofferdam; 301. Primary polygonal cofferdam plate; 302. Primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve; 4. Radial star-shaped support; 401. Intermediate cylinder; 402. Rib plate; 403. Bending plate; 5. Primary polygonal inner connecting sleeve; 6. Secondary polygonal outer connecting sleeve; 7. Secondary cofferdam plate; 8. Secondary polygonal inner connecting sleeve; 9. Nth-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve; 10. Nth-level cofferdam plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Example

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a combined foundation construction cofferdam, including an underwater foundation 1, a tubular column 2 inserted above the underwater foundation 1, a first-stage shaped cofferdam 3 that can move up and down between the tubular columns 2, the first-stage shaped cofferdam 3 including a first-stage polygonal cofferdam plate 301, a first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302 fixedly installed at the corner of the first-stage polygonal cofferdam plate 301, radial star-shaped brackets 4 connected between the first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeves 302 by bolts, a first-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve 5 inserted inside the upper end of the first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302, a second-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve 6 sleeved above the first-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve 5, a second-stage cofferdam plate 7 bolted to the outer side between the second-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeves 6, a second-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve 8 inserted above the second-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve 6, an N-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve 9 sleeved above the second-stage polygonal inner connecting sleeve 8, and an N-stage cofferdam plate 10 bolted to the outer side between the N-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeves 9.

[0024] Specifically, the length of the tubular column 2 is determined after on-site exploration based on the water depth and the condition of the underwater foundation 1. It is required that the top of the tubular column 2 remains above the water surface after being inserted into the underwater foundation 1. The cross-sectional dimensions of the primary cofferdam 3 are determined based on the cross-sectional dimensions of the building. The height of the primary cofferdam 3 is determined based on the hardness of the underwater foundation 1. The higher the hardness, the smaller the height of the primary cofferdam 3 can be. The primary cofferdam 3 is hoisted to the water surface above or below the installation point using radial star-shaped supports 4. The cofferdam panels can be assembled on the water surface or underwater.

[0025] Please see Figure 5 The primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 and the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302 are regular polygons with the same number of sides. The two outer surfaces of the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302 are in contact with the two inner surfaces of the primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 and are fixed by welding.

[0026] Specifically, the primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 is preferably a regular hexagon with 6 sides, which is easy to manufacture and has strong symmetry, while also having high structural stability. The connection between the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302 and the primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 is a permanent connection and does not require disassembly.

[0027] Please see Figures 4 to 5 The upper end of the first-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302 is higher than the upper surface of the first-level polygonal cofferdam plate 301, and the height of the higher part is half the height of the second-level cofferdam plate 7. The height of the cofferdam plate is the same as the height of the polygonal outer connecting sleeve.

[0028] Specifically, the polygonal outer connecting sleeve connects the upper and lower level cofferdam plates simultaneously with bolts. Except for the first-level polygonal cofferdam plate 301, half of the other polygonal outer connecting sleeves are connected to the lower level cofferdam plate and the other half are connected to the upper level cofferdam plate.

[0029] Please see Figures 3 to 4 All polygonal outer connecting sleeves have the same cross-sectional dimensions, and all polygonal inner connecting sleeves have the same cross-sectional dimensions and a through hole in the middle that fits with the tubular column 2. The two ends of the polygonal inner connecting sleeve are inserted into the interior of the upper and lower polygonal outer connecting sleeves and are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0030] Specifically, all the polygonal outer connecting sleeves are connected by polygonal inner connecting sleeves to form a continuous and vertical column. This column is fitted onto the outer surface of the tubular column 2 through the inner polygonal connecting sleeve. The tubular column 2 is fixed on the underwater foundation 1. The column is also fixed on the underwater foundation 1, and the cofferdam plate connected to them is also fixed.

[0031] Please see Figure 5 The radial star-shaped support 4 includes a central cylinder 401. Ribs 402 are uniformly fixed around the periphery of the central cylinder 401 by welding. A bending plate 403 is provided at the outer end of the rib 402. The bending plate 403 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first-stage polygonal outer connecting sleeve 302 by bolts. The central cylinder 401 is located in the middle of the first-stage formed cofferdam 3 and has internal threads. A through hole is opened in the middle of the rib 402.

[0032] Specifically, the number of ribs 402 is the same as the number of primary polygonal outer connecting sleeves 302, and all the bent plates 403 are fixedly connected to the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeves 302 one by one by bolts. When all the connecting bolts are removed, the radial star bracket 4 can be detached from the primary forming cofferdam 3, and the crane connects the hoisting rope through the thread inside the intermediate cylinder 401 or the hole on the rib 402.

[0033] Please see Figures 1 to 2 Vertical elongated holes are provided on both sides of the secondary cofferdam plate 7 and the N-level cofferdam plate 10. The secondary cofferdam plate 7 and the secondary polygonal outer connecting sleeve 6 and the N-level cofferdam plate 10 and the N-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve 9 are fixedly connected by bolts. The upper and lower surfaces of the secondary cofferdam plate 7 and the N-level cofferdam plate 10 are in contact with each other.

[0034] Specifically, the long waist hole allows for small vertical adjustments to the cofferdam plate during installation, which can compensate for processing errors. This allows the lower surface of the N-level cofferdam plate 10 to be pressed down onto the upper surface of the secondary cofferdam plate 7, thereby reducing the gap between the secondary cofferdam plate 7 and the N-level cofferdam plate 10, reducing leakage, and facilitating sealing.

[0035] In use, this modular foundation cofferdam is mainly used for installing bridge piers in water. When constructing this modular foundation cofferdam, firstly, a primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 is fabricated in a factory or on the bank according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the bridge pier. The cross-section of the primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 must be larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the bridge pier. The primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 can be welded together from six steel plates of the same length and width. Then, primary polygonal outer connecting sleeves 302 are welded at the inner corners of the primary polygonal cofferdam plate 301 to connect to the secondary cofferdam plate 7. Further, radial star-shaped supports 4 are installed inside the primary formed cofferdam 3. The function of the radial star-shaped supports 4 is to assist a crane in lifting the primary formed cofferdam 3. Finally, the upper part of the cofferdam, which is driven into the water and above the water surface, is fabricated according to the water depth. The tubular column 2 can be a single steel pipe or multiple steel pipes connected by threads. Finally, sufficient cofferdam plates, inner connecting sleeves, and polygonal outer connecting sleeves are manufactured. All materials used are commercially available plates and pipes. The cofferdam installation materials are transported by boat to the water surface where installation is required. A crane on the boat then horizontally lifts the first-stage cofferdam 3 using radial star-shaped supports 4. Specifically, the crane can be connected to the radial star-shaped supports 4 via a connecting rod threaded to the intermediate cylinder 401, or via multiple steel wire ropes of equal length passing through holes in the rib plate 402. This further immerses the first-stage cofferdam 3 in the water, ensuring the upper surface of the first-stage polygonal cofferdam plate 301 is flush with the water surface, which can then be used as a reference. To determine if the primary cofferdam 3 has been horizontally lifted, when it is, all the inner connecting sleeves 5 of the primary polygonal structure are bolted to the upper part of the outer connecting sleeve 302. Then, all the tubular columns 2 are vertically lifted one by one and passed through the inner connecting sleeves 5 from top to bottom. Piling equipment is then used to drive all the tubular columns 2 into the underwater foundation 1. Next, cofferdam plates are installed layer by layer above the primary cofferdam 3 using bolts. This process can be carried out underwater or above water. If underwater, the primary cofferdam 3 is lowered directly down along the tubular columns 2 until it reaches the bottom of the water. Then, a crane lifts various components into the water, and workers are positioned in the water. The cofferdam panels are installed layer by layer from the inside out until they rise above the water surface. As the weight of the upper components increases, the primary cofferdam 3 gradually sinks into the underwater foundation 1 under gravity. If the operation is on the water, the crane will always hold the primary cofferdam 3. Then, workers install the cofferdam panels on the water surface, lowering it a short distance after each layer is installed, until the primary cofferdam 3 is inserted into the underwater foundation 1. The water inside the cofferdam is then pumped out, and the silt and debris obstructing the cofferdam's sinking are removed. During this process, the tubular columns 2 are always used to stabilize the cofferdam to prevent it from being washed away by the water. This continues until the silt inside the cofferdam is completely removed and the cofferdam has sunk into place. Finally, all the bolts connecting the radial star-shaped supports 4 to the primary cofferdam 3 are unscrewed, and the radial star-shaped supports 4 are lifted upwards.Finally, the leaks in the cofferdam during the construction of the combined foundation were sealed with impermeable clay. After the bridge piers were completed, workers went into the water to dismantle the cofferdam panels layer by layer. Alternatively, a large crane could be used to lift the entire cofferdam directly. During lifting, holes were drilled in the topmost cofferdam panel to install lifting ropes. Subsequent holes could be welded for repair and reuse.

[0036] In summary, this combined foundation construction cofferdam directly determines the shape and size of the cofferdam by constructing a single-stage prefabricated cofferdam 3 on the shore, avoiding on-water surveying and construction, thus reducing construction difficulty. The single-stage prefabricated cofferdam 3, which is tightly welded around the perimeter, can be directly placed over the bottom of the water to form a bottom sealing zone, greatly reducing the difficulty of sealing the bottom. The cofferdam is fixed by tubular columns 2 that are easy to drive into the bottom of the water, reducing the difficulty of fixing the cofferdam. Subsequently, it is only necessary to connect the connecting sleeve and the cofferdam plate on the basis of the single-stage prefabricated cofferdam 3 to obtain the cofferdam of the required height, which is very convenient. During construction, only the tubular columns 2 need to be driven into the bottom of the water with piling equipment. The single-stage prefabricated cofferdam 3, the connecting sleeve and the cofferdam plate, which constitute the main body of the cofferdam, do not need to be subjected to impact forces, so they are not easily damaged even if reused.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A combined foundation construction cofferdam, comprising an underwater foundation (1), characterized in that: A tubular column (2) is inserted above the underwater foundation (1). A first-level shaped cofferdam (3) that can move up and down is set between the tubular columns (2). The first-level shaped cofferdam (3) includes a first-level polygonal cofferdam plate (301). A first-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (302) is fixedly installed at the corner inside the first-level polygonal cofferdam plate (301). A radial star-shaped bracket (4) is bolted between the first-level polygonal outer connecting sleeves (302). A first-level polygonal inner connecting sleeve (5) is inserted inside the upper end of the first-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (302). A second-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (6) is sleeved above the first-level polygonal inner connecting sleeve (5). A second-level cofferdam plate (7) is bolted between the outer sides of the second-level polygonal outer connecting sleeves (6). A second-level polygonal inner connecting sleeve (8) is inserted above the second-level polygonal inner connecting sleeve (6). An N-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (9) is sleeved above the second-level polygonal inner connecting sleeve (8). An N-level cofferdam plate (10) is bolted between the outer sides of the N-level polygonal outer connecting sleeves (9).

2. The combined foundation construction cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary polygonal cofferdam plate (301) and the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve (302) are regular polygons with the same number of sides. The two outer surfaces of the primary polygonal outer connecting sleeve (302) contact the two inner surfaces of the primary polygonal cofferdam plate (301) and are fixed by welding.

3. The combined foundation construction cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the first-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (302) is higher than the upper surface of the first-level polygonal cofferdam plate (301), and the height of the higher part is half the height of the second-level cofferdam plate (7). The height of the cofferdam plate is the same as the height of the polygonal outer connecting sleeve.

4. The combined foundation construction cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: All polygonal outer connecting sleeves have the same cross-sectional dimensions, all polygonal inner connecting sleeves have the same cross-sectional dimensions and have through holes in the middle that fit with the tubular column (2) with a gap. The two ends of the polygonal inner connecting sleeves are inserted into the interior of the upper and lower polygonal outer connecting sleeves and are fixedly connected by bolts.

5. The combined foundation construction cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial star-shaped support (4) includes a central cylinder (401). Ribs (402) are uniformly fixed around the periphery of the central cylinder (401) by welding. A bending plate (403) is provided at the outer end of the rib (402). The bending plate (403) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (302) by bolts. The central cylinder (401) is located in the middle of the first-level forming cofferdam (3) and has threads inside. A through hole is opened in the middle of the rib (402).

6. The combined foundation construction cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vertical elongated holes are provided on both sides of the secondary cofferdam plate (7) and the N-level cofferdam plate (10). The secondary cofferdam plate (7) and the secondary polygonal outer connecting sleeve (6) and the N-level cofferdam plate (10) and the N-level polygonal outer connecting sleeve (9) are fixedly connected by bolts. The upper and lower surfaces of the secondary cofferdam plate (7) and the N-level cofferdam plate (10) are in contact with each other.

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