A free-standing modular gravity retaining wall

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of free formwork assembly type gravity type retaining wall, the gravity type retaining wall of N-layer pouring, each layer gravity type retaining wall includes several unit blocks, several unit blocks are transversely inserted into gravity type retaining wall frame, and the concrete in the gravity type retaining wall frame is layered pouring for gravity type retaining wall, after pouring concrete, the first layer gravity type retaining wall frame is inserted into the second layer gravity type retaining wall frame, the second layer gravity type retaining wall frame is poured into two-layer gravity type retaining wall, and in this order, the N-layer gravity type retaining wall frame is inserted into the N-1 layer gravity type retaining wall frame on the N-1 layer gravity type retaining wall frame, and the N-layer gravity type retaining wall frame is poured into N-layer gravity type retaining wall by pouring concrete in the N-layer gravity type retaining wall frame.The utility model pours concrete in the gravity type retaining wall frame of each layer inserted into several unit blocks by layer, and the concrete is further reinforced to the gravity type retaining wall frame of multiple layers by solidification, and the gravity type retaining wall with better strength and beautiful shape is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building curtain wall technology, and in particular to a formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall. Background Technology

[0002] A gravity retaining wall is a retaining wall that relies on its own weight to resist the lateral pressure of the soil. Gravity retaining walls can be constructed using rubble concrete or solid concrete in a monolithic pour. They generally include three structural forms: vertical, inclined, and stepped. During construction, steel formwork is typically erected on-site first. After the required shape of the retaining wall is formed by the steel formwork, concrete is poured in layers within the formwork to ultimately form the gravity retaining wall.

[0003] Gravity retaining walls are typically installed in steep locations with poor transportation access. When erecting steel formwork, several challenges arise: firstly, transporting the formwork is difficult; secondly, the limited working space makes assembling larger formwork sections challenging. Furthermore, after concrete pouring, the large size of individual formwork panels and the overall height of the formwork, coupled with limited construction space, make dismantling the formwork difficult. Additionally, when pouring concrete for gravity retaining walls using steel formwork, thorough vibration of the concrete within the formwork is usually necessary; otherwise, honeycomb and pitting may appear on the surface of the retaining wall after formwork removal, affecting its appearance. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a prefabricated gravity retaining wall that does not require formwork.

[0005] A formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall comprises several unit blocks, each layer of which is horizontally interlocked to form a gravity retaining wall frame. Concrete is poured inside the gravity retaining wall frame to form a layered gravity retaining wall. After the concrete is poured, a second gravity retaining wall frame is inserted onto the first gravity retaining wall frame. Concrete is then poured into the second gravity retaining wall frame to form a two-layer gravity retaining wall. This process continues until the (N-1)th gravity retaining wall frame is inserted onto the Nth gravity retaining wall frame. Concrete is then poured inside the Nth gravity retaining wall frame to form an Nth gravity retaining wall.

[0006] Furthermore, the unit block is integrally formed, and the cross-section of the unit block is rectangular, including an upper locking block, a side locking block, and a square block. The square block is a hollow square block. Two sets of upper locking blocks are symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the hollow square block. One side wall of the upper locking block is flush with the short side of the top surface of the hollow square block. The side locking block is fixed to the left side wall of the hollow square block. A top hole is opened on the top surface of the hollow square block at the middle position of the two sets of upper locking blocks. A reserved tube is provided on the front side wall of the hollow square block. A rear hole is opened on the rear side wall of the hollow square block. A left hole is opened on one side of the side locking block on the left side wall of the hollow square block. A right hole is opened on the right side wall of the hollow square block at the position corresponding to the side locking block and the right hole. A bottom hole is provided on the bottom surface of the hollow square block.

[0007] Furthermore, the unit block is of two types: one type is a unit block without reserved pipe, and the other type is a unit block with reserved pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the side locking block of the Nth unit block is inserted into the right side hole of the N+1th unit block, and the side locking block of the N+1th unit block is inserted into the right side hole of the N+2th unit block. In this order, they are horizontally inserted along the outer edge of the designed gravity retaining wall to form a gravity retaining wall frame. The front walls of the Nth unit block, the N+1th unit block, and the N+2th unit block are flush with the outer contour of the designed gravity retaining wall. The right side hole of the Nth unit block is connected to the left side hole of the N+1th unit block.

[0009] Furthermore, the Nth unit block is a reserved pipe unit block, and the N+1th unit block is a unit block without reserved pipe. The reserved pipe unit blocks and the unit blocks without reserved pipe are arranged horizontally and interlocked in an alternating order to form a gravity retaining wall frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the Nth unit block is a unit block without reserved pipes, and the N+1th unit block is a unit block with reserved pipes. The unit blocks without reserved pipes and the unit blocks with reserved pipes are arranged horizontally and interlocked in a staggered order to form a gravity retaining wall frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper locking block of the Nth unit block in the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the bottom hole of the Nth unit block in the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame. In this sequence, the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame along the longitudinal direction of the designed gravity retaining wall. The front walls of the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame and the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame are flush with the outer contour of the designed gravity retaining wall.

[0012] Furthermore, both sides of the slope are gravity retaining walls. Steel wire cables and connecting pipes are used to connect the pre-reserved pipes in each layer of the symmetrical gravity retaining wall on one side to the pre-reserved pipes in each layer of the opposite gravity retaining wall. One end of the steel wire cable is inserted into the pre-reserved pipe in the gravity retaining wall on one side via a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire cable is inserted into the pre-reserved pipe in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side via a steel pipe clamp. The connecting pipe is sleeved outside the steel wire cable, with one end connected to the pre-reserved pipe in the gravity retaining wall on one side and the other end connected to the pre-reserved pipe in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side.

[0013] Furthermore, one side of the slope is a gravity retaining wall. The reserved pipes of each layer of gravity retaining wall are connected to the slope corresponding to the position by steel wire cables and connecting pipes. One end of the steel wire cable is inserted into the reserved pipe through a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire cable is anchored in the slope corresponding to the position of the reserved pipe. The connecting pipe is sleeved on the outside of the steel wire cable. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the reserved pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is exposed outside the soil layer.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) This utility model utilizes unit blocks to form a gravity retaining wall frame, and pours concrete into each layer of the gravity retaining wall frame to build a gravity retaining wall. The unit blocks do not need to be disassembled, which can save the steps of disassembling steel formwork, simplify construction, and improve construction efficiency.

[0016] (2) The gravity retaining wall frame is formed by interlocking precast unit blocks. The exterior of the gravity retaining wall formed by pouring concrete inside the frame will not produce honeycomb pitting, thus improving the aesthetics of the gravity retaining wall.

[0017] (3) When the reserved pipes in the unit block are poured into concrete, the steel wire ropes connecting the reserved pipes in symmetrical positions play a role in fixing and binding. The connecting pipes wrapped around the steel wire ropes play a role in drainage after pouring, which reduces the pre-installation work of drainage pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a left view of a unit block in a prefabricated gravity retaining wall without formwork, according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a right view of a unit block in a prefabricated gravity retaining wall without formwork, according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a unit block in a formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which describes a prefabricated gravity retaining wall without formwork.

[0022] Explanation of symbols in the attached diagram:

[0023] 1. Unit block, 11. Rear hole, 12. Left side hole, 13. Top hole, 14. Right side hole, 15. Bottom hole, 2. Upper clamping block, 3. Side clamping block, 4. Reserved pipe, 5. Connecting pipe, 7. Gravity retaining wall frame. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the description of this patent, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] A type of prefabricated gravity retaining wall that does not require formwork, such as Figures 1 to 4A gravity retaining wall is constructed in N layers. Each layer of the gravity retaining wall consists of several unit blocks. These unit blocks are horizontally inserted to form a gravity retaining wall frame 7. Concrete is poured inside the gravity retaining wall frame 7 to form a layered gravity retaining wall. After the concrete is poured, a second gravity retaining wall frame is inserted onto the first gravity retaining wall frame. The second gravity retaining wall frame is then filled with concrete to form a second-layer gravity retaining wall. This process continues until the (N-1)th gravity retaining wall frame is inserted with the Nth gravity retaining wall frame. The Nth gravity retaining wall frame is then filled with concrete to form an N-layer gravity retaining wall.

[0029] This invention employs several unit blocks horizontally interlocked to form a gravity retaining wall frame for each layer. A layer of gravity retaining wall frame is then interlocked onto each existing gravity retaining wall. Concrete is poured layer by layer onto the gravity retaining wall frame to form the gravity retaining wall. This allows the interlocked unit block gravity retaining wall frame to serve as both a temporary pouring formwork and a permanent component of the gravity retaining wall. It eliminates the need for steel formwork, simplifying construction and improving efficiency.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the unit block 1 is a precast block formed in one piece. The cross-section of the unit block 1 is rectangular, including an upper clamping block 2, a side clamping block 3, and a square block 6. The square block 6 is a hollow square block. Two sets of upper clamping blocks 2 are symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the hollow square block. One side wall of the upper clamping block 2 is flush with the short side of the top surface of the hollow square block. The side clamping block 3 is fixed to the left side wall of the hollow square block. A top hole 13 is opened on the top surface of the hollow square block at the middle position of the two sets of clamping blocks 2. A reserved pipe 4 is provided on the front side wall of the hollow square block. A rear hole 11 is opened on the rear side wall of the hollow square block. A left hole 12 is opened on one side of the side clamping block 3 on the right side wall of the hollow square block. A right hole 14 is opened on the right side wall of the hollow square block at the position corresponding to the side clamping block 3 and the left hole 12. A bottom hole 15 is provided on the bottom surface of the hollow square block.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the unit blocks are of two types: one type is a unit block without a reserved pipe, and the other type is a unit block with a reserved pipe. The hollow square block without a reserved pipe 4 on its front sidewall is a unit block without a reserved pipe, and the hollow square block with a reserved pipe 4 on its front wall is a unit block with a reserved pipe.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the side locking block 3 of the Nth unit block is inserted into the right side hole 14 of the N+1th unit block, and the side locking block 3 of the N+1th unit block is inserted into the right side hole 14 of the N+2th unit block. In this order, they are horizontally inserted along the outer edge of the designed gravity retaining wall to form a gravity retaining wall frame 16. The front wall of the Nth unit block, the front wall of the N+1th unit block and the front wall of the N+2th unit block are flush with the outer contour of the designed gravity retaining wall. The right side hole 14 of the Nth unit block is connected to the left side hole 12 of the N+1th unit block.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the Nth unit block is a reserved pipe unit block, and the N+1th unit block is a unit block without reserved pipe. The reserved pipe unit blocks and the unit blocks without reserved pipe are arranged horizontally and interlocked to form a gravity retaining wall frame 7.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the Nth unit block is a unit block without reserved pipes, and the N+1th unit block is a unit block with reserved pipes. The unit blocks without reserved pipes and the unit blocks with reserved pipes are arranged horizontally and interlocked to form a gravity retaining wall frame 7.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the upper locking block 2 of the Nth unit block in the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the bottom hole 15 of the Nth unit block in the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame. In this sequence, the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame along the longitudinal direction of the designed gravity retaining wall. The front walls of the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame and the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame are flush with the outer contour of the designed gravity retaining wall.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, both sides of the slope are gravity retaining walls. In each layer of the gravity retaining wall on one side, there are reserved pipes 4, which are connected to the reserved pipes 4 in each layer of the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side in a symmetrical position. Steel wires and connecting pipes 5 are used to connect the reserved pipes 4 in the gravity retaining wall on one side through steel pipe clamps, and the other end of the steel wires is connected to the reserved pipes 4 in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side through steel pipe clamps. The connecting pipes 5 are sleeved on the outside of the steel wires. One end of the connecting pipes 5 is connected to the reserved pipes 4 in the gravity retaining wall on one side, and the other end of the connecting pipes 5 is connected to the reserved pipes 4 in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side.

[0037] Furthermore, one side of the slope is a gravity retaining wall. The reserved pipe 4 of each layer of gravity retaining wall is connected to the slope corresponding to the position by steel wire cable and connecting pipe 5. One end of the steel wire cable 5 is inserted into the reserved pipe 4 through a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire cable is anchored in the slope at the position corresponding to the reserved pipe 4. The connecting pipe 5 is sleeved on the outside of the steel wire cable. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the reserved pipe 4, and the other end of the connecting pipe 5 is exposed outside the soil layer.

[0038] Example 1, as Figure 4 As shown, the construction steps for a structure with gravity retaining walls on both sides include:

[0039] Step 1: According to the gravity retaining wall drawings, pour the foundation at the bottom. In this embodiment, the gravity retaining walls on both sides of the slope are inclined. According to the inclination in the gravity retaining wall drawings, the foundation is poured as an inclined foundation in this embodiment, and steel bars are reserved on the inclined foundation.

[0040] Step 2: On the inclined foundation, assemble the unit blocks at the level of the outer contour of the gravity retaining wall in the gravity retaining wall drawing. Insert the side locking block 3 of the Nth unit block into the left side hole 12 of the N+1th unit block, and the side locking block 3 of the N+1th unit block into the left side hole 12 of the N+2th unit block. Sequentially insert these blocks horizontally along the outer edge of the designed gravity retaining wall to form the first layer of gravity retaining wall frame 16. The front walls of the Nth, N+1th, and N+2th unit blocks are flush with the outer contour of the gravity retaining wall in the drawing, ensuring that all the reserved pipes in the front walls of the unit blocks appear in the same plane. After the first layer of gravity retaining wall frames on both sides is inserted, the two pre-reserved pipes at corresponding positions on both sides... Steel wire cables are tied between the retaining pipes. One end of the steel wire cable is inserted into a pre-reserved pipe in one side of the gravity retaining wall through a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire cable is inserted into a pre-reserved pipe in the opposite side of the gravity retaining wall through a steel pipe clamp. A connecting pipe is sleeved on the outside of the steel wire cable, and the two ends of the connecting pipe are connected to the two pre-reserved pipes respectively. Concrete is poured into the first-layer gravity retaining wall on both sides. The upper clamping block 2 of the Nth unit block in the first-layer gravity retaining wall frame with concrete is inserted into the bottom hole 15 of the N+1th unit block in the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame. In sequence, the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame with concrete, until concrete is poured into the top layer gravity retaining wall frame, thus completing the construction of the gravity retaining walls on both sides.

[0041] Example 2: In Example 2, the slope has one layer of gravity retaining wall. The operation is the same as in Example 1 and will not be repeated. The construction steps of the gravity retaining wall with soil piled on one side include:

[0042] Step 1: According to the gravity retaining wall drawings, pour the foundation at the bottom. In this embodiment, the gravity retaining wall is vertical. In this embodiment, the foundation is poured as a horizontal foundation, and steel bars are reserved on the horizontal foundation.

[0043] Step 2: Above the horizontal foundation, the same construction operation as in Example 1 is not repeated. The difference is that after the first layer of gravity retaining wall frame is inserted, steel wire cables are tied between the reserved pipe of the gravity retaining wall and the slope at the corresponding position of the reserved pipe. One end of the steel wire cable is inserted into the reserved pipe through a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire cable is anchored in the slope at the position of the reserved pipe. The connecting pipe is sleeved on the outside of the steel wire cable. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the reserved pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is exposed outside the soil layer.

[0044] It should be stated that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations can be made to this utility model. However, such variations, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this utility model, should be within the protection scope of this utility model. Furthermore, some terminology used in this application specification and claims is not limiting, but merely for ease of description.

Claims

1. A formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall, a gravity retaining wall cast in N layers, characterized in that, Each gravity retaining wall consists of several unit blocks (1), which are horizontally inserted to form a gravity retaining wall frame (7). Concrete is poured inside the gravity retaining wall frame to form a gravity retaining wall layered pouring. After the concrete is poured, a second gravity retaining wall frame is inserted on the first gravity retaining wall frame. Concrete is poured into the second gravity retaining wall frame to form a two-layer gravity retaining wall. This process continues until the N-1th gravity retaining wall frame is inserted to form the Nth gravity retaining wall frame. Concrete is poured inside the Nth gravity retaining wall frame to form the Nth gravity retaining wall.

2. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit block (1) is a precast block formed in one piece. The cross section of the unit block (1) is rectangular, including an upper clamping block (2), a side clamping block (3) and a square block (6). The square block (6) is a hollow square block. Two sets of upper clamping blocks (2) are symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the hollow square block. One side wall of the upper clamping block (2) is flush with the short side of the top surface of the hollow square block. The side clamping block (3) is fixed to the left side wall of the hollow square block. A top hole (13) is opened on the top surface of the hollow square block at the middle position of the two sets of upper clamping blocks (2). A reserved pipe (4) is set on the front side wall of the hollow square block. A rear hole (11) is opened on the rear side wall of the hollow square block. A left hole (12) is opened on one side of the side clamping block (3) on the right side wall of the hollow square block. A right hole (14) is opened on the right side wall of the hollow square block at the position corresponding to the side clamping block (3) and the left hole (12). A bottom hole (15) is set on the bottom surface of the hollow square block.

3. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that, The unit blocks are of two types: one type is a unit block without reserved pipes, and the other type is a unit block with reserved pipes.

4. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side block (3) of the Nth unit block is inserted into the right side hole (14) of the N+1th unit block, and the side block (3) of the N+1th unit block is inserted into the right side hole (14) of the N+2th unit block. In this order, they are inserted laterally along the outer edge of the designed gravity retaining wall to form a gravity retaining wall frame (7). The front wall of the Nth unit block, the front wall of the N+1th unit block and the front wall of the N+2th unit block are flush with the outer contour of the designed gravity retaining wall. The right side hole (14) of the Nth unit block is connected to the left side hole (12) of the N+1th unit block.

5. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, The Nth unit block is a reserved pipe unit block, and the N+1th unit block is a unit block without a reserved pipe. The reserved pipe unit blocks and the unit blocks without a reserved pipe are arranged horizontally in a staggered order to form a gravity retaining wall frame (7).

6. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, The Nth unit block is a unit block without reserved pipes, and the N+1th unit block is a unit block with reserved pipes. The unit blocks without reserved pipes and the unit blocks with reserved pipes are arranged horizontally in a staggered order to form a gravity retaining wall frame (7).

7. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that, The upper locking block (2) of the Nth unit block in the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the bottom hole (15) of the Nth unit block in the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame. In this order, the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame is inserted into the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame along the longitudinal direction of the designed gravity retaining wall. The front wall of the Nth layer gravity retaining wall frame and the front wall of the N+1th layer gravity retaining wall frame are flush with the outer contour of the designed gravity retaining wall.

8. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both sides of the slope are gravity retaining walls. In the gravity retaining wall on the symmetrical side, the reserved pipe (4) in each layer is connected to the reserved pipe (4) in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side with steel wire rope and connecting pipe (5). One end of the steel wire rope is inserted into the reserved pipe (4) in the gravity retaining wall on one side through a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire rope is inserted into the reserved pipe (4) in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side through a steel pipe clamp. The connecting pipe (5) is sleeved on the outside of the steel wire rope. One end of the connecting pipe (5) is connected to the reserved pipe (4) in the gravity retaining wall on one side, and the other end of the connecting pipe (5) is connected to the reserved pipe (4) in the gravity retaining wall on the opposite side.

9. The formwork-free prefabricated gravity retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that, One side of the slope is a gravity retaining wall. The reserved pipe (4) of each layer of gravity retaining wall is connected to the slope corresponding to the position by steel wire cable and connecting pipe (5). One end of the steel wire cable is inserted into the reserved pipe (4) through a steel pipe clamp, and the other end of the steel wire cable is anchored in the slope corresponding to the position of the reserved pipe (4). The connecting pipe (5) is sleeved on the outside of the steel wire cable. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the reserved pipe (4), and the other end of the connecting pipe (5) is exposed outside the soil layer.

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