A reinforcing structure system for a shield end of a reinforced concrete wall
By using fiberglass reinforcement and composite support structure design, combined with steel-cement-soil mixing wall and intelligent grouting system, the problems of reinforcement length and pipeline protection at the shield tunnel end in special geological environments were solved, achieving efficient and economical shield tunneling construction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 广州市盾建建设有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, shield tunnel end reinforcement faces challenges such as limited reinforcement length and pipeline deformation control in special geological and confined environments. Traditional reinforcement technologies are not effective in soft and water-rich strata and are difficult to achieve effective reinforcement within the pipeline protection radius.
The design employs a glass fiber reinforced retaining structure and a composite support structure, including interlocking steel-cement-soil mixing walls, a longitudinal grouting channel system, and a steel recycling mechanism. Through penetration welding, non-destructive testing, and an intelligent grouting system, the safe launch and reception of the tunnel boring machine are ensured.
It achieves effective reinforcement within extreme spaces, improves the stiffness of composite support structures, controls pipeline settlement, reduces construction costs and environmental pollution, increases steel recycling rate, and ensures ground stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224495240U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underground structure technology, and more specifically to a steel-cement mixing wall shield tunnel end reinforcement structure system. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit in my country, the shield tunneling method has become the main technology for subway section construction due to its high efficiency and safety. However, when the shield launching and receiving ends are located in soft strata, water-rich sand layers, or near important pipelines sensitive to settlement, such as high-pressure gas pipelines and oil pipelines, traditional reinforcement technologies face significant challenges: existing vertical reinforcement measures (such as deep mixing piles and high-pressure jet grouting) are limited by the pipeline protection range, horizontal reinforcement (such as large pipe sheds and sleeve valve grouting) is unstable in water-rich strata, and the conventional reinforcement length (usually 10m) is difficult to implement within the pipeline protection radius. Among existing technologies, steel-cement-soil mixing wall (SMW method) has been applied, but there are still shortcomings in the systematic structural design and construction control for complex working conditions. There is an urgent need for an integrated reinforcement structure system to achieve synergistic optimization of reinforcement effect, pipeline protection, and economy. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing shield tunneling end reinforcement technologies in special geological and confined environments by providing a steel-cement mixing wall shield tunneling end reinforcement structure system. Through composite support structure design, optimized grouting channel system, and innovative steel recycling mechanism, this system solves the engineering challenges of limited reinforcement length and strict pipeline deformation control in soft, water-rich strata, ensuring safe shield tunneling launch and reception.
[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: a steel-cement mixing wall shield tunnel end reinforcement structure system, comprising:
[0005] The retaining structure is equipped with a glass fiber reinforcement replacement structure in the shield tunneling section, and the longitudinal extension range of the glass fiber reinforcement extends beyond the outer contour of the shield tunnel segment.
[0006] The composite support structure consists of two rows of interlocking steel-cement-soil mixing walls. The first support unit is composed of large-diameter triaxial mixing piles and steel sections inserted throughout the entire length. The joints of the steel sections are welded using a full penetration welding process and subjected to non-destructive testing. The second support unit has H-beams selectively inserted into the triaxial mixing piles in the outer area of the shield tunnel.
[0007] The web of the steel section is provided with a longitudinal grouting channel system, which includes symmetrically distributed grouting holes and a sleeve valve device that can be repeatedly grouted.
[0008] The H-beam is welded with stiffening ribs on top and equipped with a segmented recovery mechanism, which includes stress relief grooves and pre-embedded pulling devices.
[0009] Preferably, the construction boundary of the triaxial mixing pile extends beyond the outer edge of the shield tunnel segment design.
[0010] Preferably, the surface of the steel profile is coated with a friction-reducing coating, and the joints are beveled and multi-layer welding is employed.
[0011] Preferably, the grouting channel system includes multiple sets of grouting holes symmetrically arranged along the web axis of the steel profile, and the sleeve valve pipe adopts a multi-layer structure and has a built-in check valve.
[0012] Preferably, the segmented recovery mechanism includes: a stress relief groove: a groove with a depth less than the height of the steel section is opened in the top section of the steel section; a hydraulic lifting device: including a pre-embedded lifting device and a synchronous grouting compensation system; and a safety control module: equipped with a pulling force monitoring and displacement monitoring device.
[0013] Preferably, a gradient reinforcement zone is formed between the composite support structure and the retaining structure, including: a transition zone where glass fiber reinforcement and ordinary steel reinforcement are connected by equal-strength sleeves; and a reinforcement zone where jet grouting piles are installed to form an interlocking water-stop curtain.
[0014] Preferably, the drag-reducing agent is a graphite-based lubricating coating.
[0015] Preferably, the system also includes jet grouting piles disposed on the outside of the steel-cement-soil mixing wall, wherein the jet grouting piles and the steel-cement-soil mixing wall form a composite reinforcement layer.
[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0017] This utility model, through the glass fiber reinforced enclosure structure and selective insert steel design, breaks through the limitation of pipeline protection radius, shortens the reinforcement length compared with traditional processes, and achieves effective reinforcement in extreme spaces.
[0018] The composite support structure of this utility model has significantly improved rigidity compared to a single mixing pile. Combined with an intelligent grouting system, it can effectively control pipeline settlement and meet the stringent protection requirements of high-pressure pipelines.
[0019] This utility model has a high steel recycling rate, reducing steel consumption. The graphite-based coating and dual-liquid grouting material reduce environmental pollution, and the construction cost is lower than that of traditional reinforcement solutions.
[0020] This utility model features a segmented recovery mechanism and stress monitoring system to avoid the risk of steel breakage, and repeated grouting of the sleeve valve pipe to achieve dynamic compensation, ensuring the stability of the strata during the tunnel boring machine's crossing process. Attached Figure Description
[0021] This utility model will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0022] Figure 1This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shield tunneling machine's front view structure before it passes through.
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the shield tunneling machine during its passage.
[0025] Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the cross-section of the steel-cement-soil mixing wall of this utility model;
[0026] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1-Station main structure, 2-Enclosure structure, 3-Fiberglass reinforcement, 4-Gross jet pile, 5-Shield tunnel segment, 6-Steel-cement-soil mixing wall, 7-Gas pipe or oil pipeline, 8-No-construction zone, 61-Triaxial mixing pile, 62-Steel section, 63-Grouting hole. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment provides a steel-cement mixing wall shield tunnel end reinforcement structure system, including: a retaining structure 2, in which glass fiber reinforced bars 3 are installed in the shield tunneling section as a replacement structure, the longitudinal extension range of the glass fiber reinforced bars 3 extending beyond the outer contour of the shield tunnel segment 5; a composite support structure, consisting of two rows of interlocking steel-cement mixing walls 6, wherein: the first support unit consists of large-diameter triaxial mixing piles 61 and steel sections 62 inserted throughout the entire section, the joints of the steel sections 62 adopt a fusion welding process and are subjected to non-destructive testing; the triaxial mixing piles 61 of the second support unit selectively insert steel sections 62 in the outer area of the shield tunnel; the web of the steel section 62 is provided with a longitudinal grouting channel system, including symmetrically distributed grouting holes 63 and a sleeve valve pipe device that can be repeatedly grouted; the top of the steel section 62 is welded with stiffening ribs and is provided with a segmented recovery mechanism, including stress relief grooves and pre-embedded pulling devices, wherein the steel section 62 is preferably H-beams.
[0030] Specifically, it includes the following core components: In the shield tunneling section, the retaining structure 2 is equipped with fiberglass reinforcement 3 as a replacement structure. The longitudinal extension of the fiberglass reinforcement 3 extends more than 0.5m beyond the outer contour of the shield tunnel segment 5, forming a shield tunneling passage zone free of metal obstacles. The fiberglass reinforcement 3 and ordinary steel bars are connected in the transition zone using equal-strength sleeves to ensure the overall load-bearing performance of the retaining structure 2.
[0031] The composite support structure consists of two rows of interlocking steel-cement-soil mixing walls 6 forming a gradient support system: The first support unit (front row): Large-diameter triaxial mixing piles 61 are inserted along their entire length into H-beams 62. The steel 62 is made of Q355B steel, with bevels at the joints and a full penetration welding process. 100% ultrasonic non-destructive testing is performed to ensure the weld reaches Grade I. The surface of the steel 62 is coated with a graphite-based anti-friction coating to reduce subsequent recovery resistance. The second support unit (rear row): Triaxial mixing piles 61 are inserted into H-beams 62 only within a 3m radius of the shield tunnel and its outer side, forming a key reinforcement area. The construction boundary of the mixing piles extends 3m beyond the designed outer edge of the shield segment 5, forming a transversely closed reinforcement zone. The grouting channel system for the web of the steel 62 consists of multiple sets of grouting holes 63 symmetrically arranged along the web axis of the steel 62. The holes are positioned close to the middle of both sides of the web, forming a vertically continuous grouting channel. A multi-layered sleeve valve pipe is inserted into the grouting hole 63, with a built-in check valve to achieve unidirectional controllable grouting and support repeated grouting operations. The grouting system is equipped with an intelligent control device that can adjust the grouting pressure and flow rate in real time according to the formation deformation monitoring data. The grout uses a two-component rapid-setting material (cement-water glass mixture) to ensure the formation compensation effect during the steel profile 62 extraction process.
[0032] The 62-section steel section recovery mechanism has stiffening ribs welded to the top of the 62-section steel section and a dedicated structure for section recovery: stress relief groove: a groove with a depth of 1 / 3 of the height of the 62-section steel section is opened in the top section to reduce stress concentration during extraction; hydraulic extraction device: including a pre-embedded jack and a synchronous grouting compensation system, with the jack spacing not exceeding 2m to achieve uniform extraction of the 62-section steel section; safety control module: integrating extraction force monitoring sensors and displacement monitoring devices, providing real-time data feedback to the control system to avoid overload damage.
[0033] Gradient reinforcement zone construction: A double-layer transition reinforcement system is formed between the composite support structure and the retaining structure 2: Transition zone: Equal strength sleeves are used to connect glass fiber reinforcement 3 and ordinary steel bars to ensure a smooth transition in mechanical properties; Reinforcement zone: High-pressure jet grouting piles 4 are constructed and interlocked with steel-cement-soil mixing wall 6 to form a continuous water-stop curtain, effectively blocking groundwater infiltration.
[0034] Key parameter design: Lateral coverage width: based on the outer diameter of the shield segment 5, extended by 0.3-0.5 times the tunnel diameter, the specific value is determined by calculation based on the soil mechanical parameters; Longitudinal reinforcement length: starting end ≥ shield host length, receiving end ≥ host length + width of one ring segment, can be compressed to 6-8m under special working conditions; 62 steel section insertion depth: penetrates weak soil layer and water-rich sand layer, reaching the lower impermeable layer, the insertion depth error is controlled within ±50mm.
[0035] In another embodiment of this utility model, the construction boundary of the triaxial mixing pile 61 extends 2.0-3.0m beyond the design outer edge of the shield tunnel segment 5.
[0036] In another embodiment of this utility model, the surface of the H-beam 62 is coated with a friction-reducing coating, and the joint is beveled and multi-layer welding is employed. Specifically, the surface of the H-beam 62 is coated with a 0.5-1.2mm thick graphite-based friction-reducing coating, the joint is beveled and multi-layer welding is performed using E5015 welding rods, and the weld reinforcement is controlled at 0-2mm.
[0037] In another embodiment of this utility model, the grouting channel system includes multiple sets of grouting holes 63 symmetrically arranged along the web axis of the steel profile 62, and the sleeve valve pipe adopts a multi-layer structure and has a built-in check valve.
[0038] In another embodiment of this utility model, the segmented recycling mechanism includes: a stress relief groove: a groove with a depth less than the height of the steel section 62 is opened in the top section of the steel section 62; a hydraulic lifting device: including a pre-embedded lifting device and a synchronous grouting compensation system; and a safety control module: equipped with a pulling force monitoring and displacement monitoring device.
[0039] In another embodiment of this utility model, a gradient reinforcement zone is formed between the composite support structure and the retaining structure 2, including: a transition zone where glass fiber reinforcement 3 and ordinary steel reinforcement are connected by equal-strength sleeves; and a reinforcement zone where jet grouting piles 4 are installed to form an interlocking water-stop curtain.
[0040] In another embodiment of this invention, the drag-reducing agent is a graphite-based lubricating coating.
[0041] In another embodiment of the present invention, a jet grouting pile 4 is provided on the outside of the steel-cement-soil mixing wall 6, and the jet grouting pile 4 and the steel-cement-soil mixing wall 6 form a composite reinforcement layer.
[0042] The construction process of this utility model includes the following steps:
[0043] (1) Construction retaining structure 2, glass fiber reinforcement 3 is used instead of ordinary steel reinforcement within the shield tunnel area, and the range of glass fiber reinforcement 3 extends 0.5m beyond the outer circle of shield tunnel segment 5; that is: glass fiber reinforcement 3 is tied in the shield tunnel crossing section, and the range extends 0.5m beyond the outer contour of the segment, while ordinary steel reinforcement is used in other sections, and the transition zone is connected by equal strength sleeves.
[0044] (2) After the main structure 1 of the station is completed, the steel-cement-soil mixing wall 6 is constructed. The steel-cement-soil mixing wall 6 is composed of large-diameter triaxial mixing piles 61 and steel sections 62. The triaxial mixing piles 61 and steel sections 62 are at the same depth and both extend to the impermeable layer. That is, the main structure 1 of the station is completed under the support of the retaining structure 2, and the end site is cleaned after the capping. The rear row of triaxial mixing piles 61 is constructed first, and the shield tunnel and the outer 3m range of the steel sections 62 are inserted. Then the front row of the full-section steel section 62 mixing wall is constructed.
[0045] (3) The steel section 62 is made of Q355 steel. When the length of a single piece is insufficient, it is formed by butt welding through a first-level weld. Before construction, the surface dirt must be removed and drag-reducing agent must be applied.
[0046] (4) Two steel-cement-soil mixing walls 6 are formed. The first row of mixing piles is inserted with steel 62 along its entire length. The second row is inserted with steel 62 only within the shield and 3m outside.
[0047] (5) Drill holes on both sides of the web of the steel section 62 to form grouting holes 63, insert sleeve valve grouting pipes and grout, and add quick-setting agent to the grout; that is: drill holes in the web of the steel section 62, insert sleeve valve pipes with check valves, and the top of the pipes is 500mm above the ground.
[0048] (6) After the shield tunneling machine starts, the steel section 62 is pulled out in stages. It is pulled out to 0.5m outside the shield tunnel segment 5 and then stopped. Grouting is carried out simultaneously. All steel section 62 is recovered after the shield tunneling machine passes through. That is: after the shield tunneling machine passes through the retaining structure 2, the hydraulic lifting device is started and the steel section 62 is pulled out according to the principle of "first row and last row, symmetrical grade". Grouting is carried out simultaneously every 1m pulled out until the steel section 62 exceeds 0.5m outside the tunnel segment and then stops. The remaining steel section 62 is recovered after the shield tunneling machine passes through the reinforced zone 5 rings.
[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of this utility model using the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A steel-cement mixing wall shield tunnel end reinforcement structure system, characterized in that, include: The retaining structure (2) is provided with a glass fiber reinforcement (3) replacement structure in the shield tunneling section, and the longitudinal extension range of the glass fiber reinforcement (3) extends beyond the outer contour of the shield tunnel segment (5). The composite support structure consists of two rows of interlocking steel-cement-soil mixing walls (6), wherein: the first support unit is composed of large-diameter triaxial mixing piles (61) and steel sections (62) inserted throughout the entire section, and the joints of the steel sections (62) are welded using a penetration welding process and subjected to non-destructive testing; the triaxial mixing piles (61) of the second support unit selectively insert H-beams (62) in the outer area of the shield tunnel. The web of the steel section (62) is provided with a longitudinal grouting channel system, including symmetrically distributed grouting holes (63) and a sleeve valve device that can be repeatedly grouted. The H-beam (62) is welded with stiffening ribs on the top and is equipped with a segmented recycling mechanism, including a stress relief groove and a pre-embedded pulling device.
2. The reinforced structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction boundary of the three-axis mixing pile (61) extends beyond the design outer edge of the shield tunnel segment (5).
3. The reinforced structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the steel section (62) is coated with a friction-reducing coating, and the joint is beveled and multi-layer welding process is adopted.
4. The reinforced structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting channel system includes multiple sets of grouting holes (63) arranged symmetrically along the web axis of the steel profile, and the sleeve valve pipe adopts a multi-layer structure and has a built-in check valve.
5. The reinforced structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segmented recycling mechanism includes: Stress relief groove: A groove with a depth less than the height of the steel section is opened in the top section of the steel section; Hydraulic lifting device: includes a pre-embedded jacking device and a synchronous grouting compensation system; Safety control module: Equipped with pull-out force monitoring and displacement monitoring devices.
6. The reinforced structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite support structure and the retaining structure (2) form a gradient reinforcement zone, including: Transition zone: Fiberglass reinforcement (3) and ordinary steel reinforcement are connected by equal-strength sleeves; Enhanced zone: Jet grouting piles (4) are installed to form an interlocking water-stopping curtain.
7. The reinforced structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes jet grouting piles (4) set on the outside of the steel-cement-soil mixing wall (6), the jet grouting piles (4) and the steel-cement-soil mixing wall (6) forming a composite reinforcement layer.