First-charge concrete durable formwork support system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of first warehouse concrete durability formwork support system, including formwork panel, double-spliced back rib, diagonal brace, ground anchor and walkway board, multiple vertical double-spliced back ribs are provided along the length direction interval of formwork panel, ground anchor is provided in the lower part of formwork panel, diagonal brace is adjustable structure, and its two ends are respectively abutted in the middle of double-spliced back rib and the top end of the rear pile of ground anchor, for the side pressure of formwork panel is transmitted to foundation by ground anchor, walkway board is further provided in the upper part of formwork panel. Solve the problem that traditional first warehouse concrete is difficult to handle, the cost of measure steel bar is high, and the construction operation is complex.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of large formwork, and in particular to a durable formwork support system for the first concrete pour. Background Technology

[0002] Large-volume concrete construction places high demands on formwork support. Traditional formwork tie rod holes are complex to handle, resulting in poor structural appearance. Furthermore, long-term exposure to a humid environment can cause the tie rod holes to corrode the reinforcing steel, leading to major safety accidents. In addition, the use of a large amount of reinforced steel increases economic costs. Therefore, these methods have shortcomings and need to be improved.

[0003] In large-scale civil engineering projects, the construction of large-volume concrete structures, such as dams, large building foundations, and bridge piers in water conservancy and hydropower projects, places extremely high demands on the stability and load-bearing capacity of the formwork support system. These structures are often characterized by large pour volumes, enormous lateral pressures, and long construction periods. Their formwork systems not only need to withstand huge static and dynamic loads during concrete pouring and hardening to ensure accurate structural forming, but also need to consider the convenience of subsequent operations and the impact of long-term service environments.

[0004] Currently, the widely used formwork support systems in the industry typically rely on tie rods that penetrate the concrete structure to balance the lateral pressure on the formwork. These tie rods require numerous through-holes in the concrete structure. The subsequent sealing of these holes is complex and cumbersome, and prone to problems such as incomplete sealing and shrinkage cracking, severely affecting the overall flatness, density, and appearance quality of the structural surface, making it difficult to meet increasingly stringent engineering aesthetic standards. For concrete structures exposed to damp, seeping, or corrosive environments for extended periods, these tie rod holes become convenient channels for moisture and corrosive media to seep into the interior. The infiltrated moisture easily causes corrosion of the tie rods remaining in the holes or the additional reinforcing steel bars used to fix the tie rods. This corrosion not only expands and compresses the surrounding concrete, causing cracking and spalling, but also significantly weakens the structural bearing capacity and durability, creating major safety hazards and threatening the long-term safe operation of the structure. To achieve anchorage and force transmission of the tie rods, it is often necessary to weld, tie, or pre-embed a large number of additional reinforcing steel bars. These additional reinforcing steel bars are usually used only once, consuming a large amount of steel and significantly increasing the material costs and economic burden of the project. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a durable formwork support system for the first concrete pour, which solves the problems of difficult treatment of tie bolt holes, high cost of steel reinforcement, and complicated construction operation in traditional first concrete pours.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a durable formwork support system for first-stage concrete, including a formwork panel, double-layer back ribs, diagonal braces, ground anchors and walkway slabs. Multiple vertical double-layer back ribs are spaced apart along the length of the formwork panel. Ground anchors are provided at the bottom of the formwork panel. The diagonal braces are adjustable structures, with their two ends abutting against the middle of the double-layer back ribs and the top of the rear pile of the ground anchor, respectively, to transfer the lateral pressure of the formwork panel to the foundation through the ground anchors. A walkway slab is also provided on the upper part of the formwork panel.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the template panel includes a panel, vertical ribs, and horizontal ribs;

[0008] The double-layer back rib consists of multiple vertically spaced double-layer channel steels.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the two channel steels of the double-channel steel are welded together by gusset plates spaced apart along their length.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, prestressed steel strips are provided at intervals along the length of the two channel steels of the double-channel steel, and the two ends of the prestressed steel strips are pre-tightly connected to the two flanges of the double-channel steel by bolts.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the ground anchor includes a back brace, a vertical channel steel, a front pile, a rear pile, and a reinforcing pile;

[0012] The back bracing is set on the ground below the formwork panel. Multiple vertical channel steels are set on the ground perpendicular to the back bracing. The top of the front pile and the top of the rear pile are connected to the front and rear ends of the vertical channel steel, respectively. Their lower ends are inserted into the ground, and their upper ends extend a certain distance from the upper surface of the vertical channel steel. The top of the front pile is connected to the back bracing. Multiple reinforcing piles are fixed on the vertical channel steel, and their lower ends are inserted into the ground.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the ground anchor includes a back brace, a vertical channel steel, a front pile, a rear pile, a reinforcing pile, and a horizontal channel steel;

[0014] The back bracing is set on the ground below the formwork panel. Multiple vertical channel steels are set on the ground perpendicular to the back bracing. The top of the front pile and the top of the rear pile are connected to the front and rear ends of the vertical channel steel, respectively. Their lower ends are inserted into the ground, and their upper ends extend a certain distance from the upper surface of the vertical channel steel. The top of the front pile is connected to the back bracing. The transverse channel steel is connected to the middle of two adjacent vertical channel steels. Two reinforcing piles are spaced apart on the vertical channel steel, and one reinforcing pile is set in the middle of the transverse channel steel. The lower end of the reinforcing pile is inserted into the ground.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, the three reinforcing piles are arranged in a triangular grid, and the lines connecting the centers of adjacent piles form an equilateral triangle with a side length of [missing information]. ,in The design pull-out force is for a single pile, where d is the pile diameter. This represents the shear strength of the soil.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, the diagonal bracing includes a large mounting plate, a small mounting plate, a support rod, and a telescopic rod;

[0017] The large plate is welded to the flange of the double-channel steel, the small plate is welded to the center of the large plate, and the two ends of the telescopic rod are connected to two support rods respectively. One end of the support rod is connected to the small plate, and the end of the other end of the support rod abuts against the web of the protruding part at the top of the rear pile.

[0018] In the preferred embodiment, a force-sharing pressure plate is provided at the point where the end of the support rod abuts against the top of the rear pile. The surface of the force-sharing pressure plate is provided with a toothed structure, and the point where the end of the support rod abuts against the pile is provided with a sawtooth structure. Based on this structure, the two structures engage with the toothed structure of the force-sharing pressure plate.

[0019] In the preferred embodiment, the walkway slab includes railings, handrails, anti-slip plates, and base supports;

[0020] The walkway slab is fixed to the template panel by the bottom support.

[0021] This invention provides a durable formwork support system for first-stage concrete and its construction method, eliminating the need for tie rods that penetrate the concrete, thus fundamentally eliminating the inherent defects of traditional formwork systems. No pre-drilled holes for tie rods are required on the concrete surface, completely avoiding appearance quality problems caused by incomplete sealing or shrinkage cracking of these holes, significantly improving the overall integrity, density, and flatness of the structure. More importantly, the absence of through holes, a seepage channel, effectively prevents moisture and corrosive media from penetrating the concrete, preventing corrosion of the reinforcing steel used to fix the tie rods and the resulting concrete expansion and cracking problems, greatly enhancing the long-term durability and safety of the structure in humid or corrosive environments.

[0022] This system replaces traditional tie rods with a highly efficient ground anchor force transmission mechanism. The optimized ground anchor system, through the synergistic effect of the front piles, rear piles, and reinforcing piles, combined with a triangular grid arrangement of reinforcing piles, significantly improves the foundation's pull-out resistance and reduces displacement. The diagonal bracing components are reliably connected to the flanges of the double-layered back bracing via large mounting plates, dispersing concentrated stress; the toothed interlocking structure between the end of the support rod and the rear pile enhances the anti-slip capability of the contact surface, ensuring the stable transmission of the enormous lateral pressure from the concrete to the foundation. The adjustable diagonal bracing design facilitates precise adjustment of the formwork position, and the integrated walkway panel on top provides a safe operating platform for construction.

[0023] In terms of economic benefits, this system significantly reduces the amount of one-time reinforcement bars needed to fix traditional tie rods, thus lowering material consumption costs. Its main components, such as formwork panels, double-layer back braces, diagonal braces, and ground anchors, all adopt standardized and modular designs, featuring detachable and reusable characteristics, improving material turnover and utilization. The double-layer back braces are reinforced with welded plates or prestressed steel strips, enhancing overall rigidity and extending service life. The construction process is clear, and the assembly and installation steps are standardized, significantly improving construction efficiency and reducing overall costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall unit structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall unit of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the template system of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the template panel of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the double-sided back rib of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the diagonal brace of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the ground anchor of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the walkway slab of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lower end of the diagonal brace of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the double-layered back rib in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a diagram of the ground anchor structure in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the reinforced pile arrangement in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0037] In the diagram: Template panel 1; Panel 101; Vertical rib 102; Horizontal rib 103; Double-layer back rib 2; Double-layer channel steel 201; Bracing plate 202; Prestressed steel strip 203; Diagonal brace 3; Large panel 301; Small panel 302; Support rod 303; Telescopic rod 304; Force distribution plate 305; Ground anchor 4; Back brace 401; Vertical channel steel 402; Front pile 403; Rear pile 404; Reinforcing pile 405; Horizontal channel steel 406; Walkway slab 5; Railing 501; Handrail 502; Anti-slip plate 503; Bottom support 504. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a durable formwork support system for first-stage concrete includes a formwork panel 1, double-layer back ribs 2, diagonal braces 3, ground anchors 4, and walkway 5. Multiple vertical double-layer back ribs 2 are spaced apart along the length of the formwork panel 1. Ground anchors 4 are provided at the bottom of the formwork panel 1. The diagonal braces 3 are adjustable structures, with their two ends abutting against the middle of the double-layer back ribs 2 and the top of the rear pile 404 of the ground anchor 4, respectively, to transfer the lateral pressure of the formwork panel 1 to the foundation through the ground anchors 4. A walkway 5 is also provided on the upper part of the formwork panel 1.

[0040] This application improves upon traditional cantilever formwork by replacing its tie rod structure with a combination of single-sided cantilever formwork and ground anchor support. Each assembled formwork panel 1, double-sided back brace 2, diagonal brace 3, ground anchor 4, and walkway slab 5 form a single unit, which is set along the outline to be poured, making the structure flexible and reusable. Utilizing the principle of triangular stability, the enormous lateral pressure of the concrete borne by the formwork is transferred to the foundation through the ground anchor 4, thereby improving the appearance quality of the concrete and reducing the need for additional steel reinforcement.

[0041] In the preferred embodiment, the template panel 1 includes a panel 101, vertical ribs 102, and horizontal ribs 103;

[0042] The double-sided back rib 2 includes multiple vertically spaced double-sided channel steels 201.

[0043] In the preferred embodiment, the two channel steels of the double-channel steel 201 are welded together by gusset plates 202 spaced apart along their length.

[0044] Double-section channel steel 201 is formed by back-to-back splicing to form a composite section. Its moment of inertia is greater than that of a single channel steel, and its bending stiffness is proportional to its inertia ratio. Therefore, the double-section structure can resist the lateral pressure of large-volume concrete.

[0045] For double-channel steel 201 with a spacing of d, its combined moment of inertia is approximately: ,in The moment of inertia of a single channel steel bar, This is the cross-sectional area of ​​a single root.

[0046] The joints of double-channel steel 201 are usually connected by welding to form a continuous force transmission path, avoiding deformation caused by local stress concentration in a single channel steel.

[0047] In the preferred embodiment, the ground anchor 4 includes a back brace 401, a vertical channel steel 402, a front pile 403, a rear pile 404, and a reinforcing pile 405;

[0048] Back bracing 401 is installed on the ground below the formwork panel 1. Multiple vertical channel steels 402 are installed perpendicular to the back bracing 401 on the ground. The tops of the front pile 403 and the rear pile 404 are connected to the front and rear ends of the vertical channel steels 402, respectively. Their lower ends are inserted into the ground, and their upper ends extend a certain distance beyond the upper surface of the vertical channel steels 402. The top of the front pile 403 is connected to the back bracing 401. Multiple reinforcing piles 405 are fixed on the vertical channel steels 402, and their lower ends are inserted into the ground. In this application, the reinforcing piles 405 are preferably three threaded steel bars evenly spaced on the vertical channel steels 402.

[0049] In the preferred embodiment, the diagonal brace 3 includes a large mounting plate 301, a small mounting plate 302, a support rod 303, and a telescopic rod 304;

[0050] The large plate 301 is welded to the flange of the double channel steel 201, the small plate 302 is welded to the center of the large plate 301, the two ends of the telescopic rod 304 are connected to two support rods 303 respectively, one end of the support rod 303 is connected to the small plate 302, and the end of the other end of the support rod 303 abuts against the web of the protruding part at the top of the rear pile 404.

[0051] Because the flanges of the double-section channel steel 201 are relatively thin, the diagonal brace 3, which rests on the double-section channel steel 201, will experience high stress concentration due to its bolted or welded connection. During concrete pouring, impact and vibration loads will occur, and the diagonal brace 3 will exert enormous tensile force on the connection, causing tearing of the weak part. Therefore, a large mounting plate 301 is directly welded to the flanges on both sides of the double-section channel steel 201, providing a stronger, thicker, and larger welding base and stress transfer platform. This allows the tensile force to be transferred more evenly to the double-section channel steel 201, avoiding localized high stress. The diagonal brace 3 is connected to the large mounting plate 301 through a small mounting plate 302. If the diagonal brace 3 is damaged, only the small mounting plate 302 or the connecting bolts and pins need to be replaced, without damaging the welded large mounting plate 301 on the main body of the channel steel.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment, a force-sharing pressure plate 305 is provided at the abutment of the end of the support rod 303 and the top of the rear pile 404. The surface of the force-sharing pressure plate 305 is provided with a toothed structure, and the abutment of the end of the support rod 303 is provided with a sawtooth structure. The structure engages with the toothed structure of the force-sharing pressure plate 305.

[0053] Since the lateral force of the template panel 1 on the diagonal brace 3 is transmitted to the ground anchor 4 through the abutment point between the end of the support rod 303 and the top of the rear pile 404, a simple abutment will cause discontinuity in the force transmission path, which can easily lead to stress concentration. In this solution, it is preferable to set a toothed structure on both the support rod 303 and the end of the channel steel at the abutment point to increase the friction coefficient of the contact surface and eliminate the need for an additional locking device.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, the walkway 5 includes a railing 501, a handrail 502, an anti-slip plate 503, and a base support 504;

[0055] The walkway slab 5 is fixed to the template panel 1 by the bottom support 504.

[0056] The construction steps are as follows: Assemble the template panel 1, double-sided back bracing 2, diagonal bracing 3, and walkway slab 5 as a whole; install the assembled template on the outline of the structure to be poured, and hold it in place with back bracing 401; drive the front pile 403 and rear pile 404 into the foundation; install channel steel on the top of the front pile 403 and rear pile 404, with the channel opening facing upwards; add and fix reinforcing piles 405 on the channel steel according to safety calculations, and drive the reinforcing piles 405 into the foundation; connect one end of the diagonal bracing 3 to the double-sided back bracing 2, and abut the other end against the protruding part at the top of the rear pile 404; repeat the above steps until the outline template to be poured is enclosed.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment, the two channel steels of the double channel steel 201 are provided with prestressed steel strips 203 at intervals along their length direction. The two ends of the prestressed steel strips 203 are pre-tightly connected to the two flanges of the double channel steel 201 by bolts.

[0059] Drill holes in the flanges of the double-channel steel 201, with the hole diameter slightly larger than the bolt diameter. Oblong holes are reserved at both ends of the prestressed steel strip 203 to allow for fine adjustment of the tension position. In this scheme, M12 high-strength bolts are used to pass through the holes of the prestressed steel strip 203 and the channel steel, with spring washers to prevent loosening. Then, a torque wrench is used to apply pre-tightening force to ensure that the steel strip is straight and not loose.

[0060] Its preload is calculated according to the following formula: ,in Where A is the yield strength and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel strip. In this embodiment, high-strength cold-rolled steel strip with a thickness of 3-5 mm and a width of 50-80 mm is preferred. The surface is galvanized for rust prevention, thus requiring a preload of 60-80 N·m. Each row of double-channel steel 201 is fitted with 1-2 prestressed steel strips 203.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figure 11-12As shown in the structure, in this embodiment, the ground anchor 4 includes a back brace 401, a vertical channel steel 402, a front pile 403, a rear pile 404, a reinforcing pile 405, and a horizontal channel steel 406.

[0063] Back bracing 401 is installed on the ground below the template panel 1. Multiple vertical channel steels 402 are installed on the ground perpendicular to back bracing 401. The top of the front pile 403 and the top of the rear pile 404 are connected to the front and rear ends of the vertical channel steel 402 respectively. Their lower ends are inserted into the ground, and their upper ends extend a certain distance from the upper surface of the vertical channel steel 402. The top of the front pile 403 is connected to back bracing 401. The transverse channel steel 406 is transversely connected to the middle of two adjacent vertical channel steels 402. Two reinforcing piles 405 are spaced apart on the vertical channel steel 402. One reinforcing pile 405 is provided in the middle of the transverse channel steel 406. The lower end of the reinforcing pile 405 is inserted into the ground.

[0064] In the preferred embodiment, the three reinforcing piles (405) are arranged in a triangular grid, and the lines connecting the centers of adjacent piles form an equilateral triangle with a side length of . ,in The design pull-out force is for a single pile, where d is the pile diameter. This represents the shear strength of the soil.

[0065] In this embodiment, the reinforcement piles 405 are changed from a straight line arrangement to a quincunx / triangular grid arrangement. The pile position coordinates of the reinforcement piles 405 are calculated accordingly. , where s is the pile spacing calculated based on the soil shear strength, and i and j are the row and column numbers.

[0066] With this arrangement, the overlap of the soil shear surface of the reinforcing piles 405 is reduced, the pile group works together, the pull-out resistance is improved and the displacement is reduced. Only the transverse channel steel 406 needs to be added. The coordinate layout accuracy of the plum blossom-shaped reinforcing piles 405 is not high, and the cost is low and the construction is easy.

[0067] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of this utility model and should not be considered as limitations on this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model should be the technical solution described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A durable formwork support system for the first concrete pour, characterized in that: It includes a template panel (1), double-sided back bracing (2), diagonal bracing (3), ground anchor (4) and walkway slab (5). Multiple vertical double-sided back bracing (2) are provided at intervals along the length of the template panel (1). Ground anchor (4) is provided at the bottom of the template panel (1). The diagonal bracing (3) is an adjustable structure. Its two ends abut against the middle of the double-sided back bracing (2) and the top of the rear pile (404) of the ground anchor (4), respectively, to transfer the lateral pressure of the template panel (1) to the foundation through the ground anchor (4). Walkway slab (5) is also provided on the top of the template panel (1).

2. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The template panel (1) includes a panel (101), vertical ribs (102) and horizontal ribs (103). The double-sided back rib (2) includes multiple vertically spaced double-sided channel steels (201).

3. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two channel steels of the double channel steel (201) are welded together by gusset plates (202) spaced apart along their length.

4. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two channels of the double channel steel (201) are provided with prestressed steel strips (203) spaced apart along their length. The two ends of the prestressed steel strips (203) are pre-tightly connected to the two flanges of the double channel steel (201) by bolts.

5. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground anchor (4) includes a back brace (401), a vertical channel steel (402), a front pile (403), a rear pile (404), and a reinforcing pile (405). Back bracing (401) is set on the ground below the template panel (1). Multiple vertical channel steels (402) are set on the ground perpendicular to the back bracing (401). The top of the front pile (403) and the top of the rear pile (404) are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the vertical channel steel (402). Their lower ends are inserted into the ground, and their upper ends extend a distance from the upper surface of the vertical channel steel (402). The top of the front pile (403) is connected to the back bracing (401). Multiple reinforcing piles (405) are fixed on the vertical channel steel (402), and their lower ends are inserted into the ground.

6. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground anchor (4) includes a back brace (401), a vertical channel steel (402), a front pile (403), a rear pile (404), a reinforcing pile (405), and a horizontal channel steel (406). Back bracing (401) is set on the ground below the template panel (1). Multiple vertical channel steels (402) are set on the ground perpendicular to the back bracing (401). The top of the front pile (403) and the top of the rear pile (404) are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the vertical channel steel (402). Their lower ends are inserted into the ground, and their upper ends extend a distance from the upper surface of the vertical channel steel (402). The top of the front pile (403) is connected to the back bracing (401). The transverse channel steel (406) is transversely connected to the middle of two adjacent vertical channel steels (402). Two reinforcing piles (405) are spaced apart on the vertical channel steel (402). A reinforcing pile (405) is set in the middle of the transverse channel steel (406). The lower end of the reinforcing pile (405) is inserted into the ground.

7. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The three reinforcing piles (405) are arranged in a triangular grid, and the lines connecting the centers of adjacent piles form an equilateral triangle with a side length of . ,in The design pull-out force is for a single pile, where d is the pile diameter. This represents the shear strength of the soil.

8. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diagonal brace (3) includes a large plate (301), a small plate (302), a support rod (303), and a telescopic rod (304). The large plate (301) is welded to the flange of the double channel steel (201), the small plate (302) is welded to the center of the large plate (301), the two ends of the telescopic rod (304) are connected to two support rods (303) respectively, one end of the support rod (303) is connected to the small plate (302), and the end of the other end of the support rod (303) abuts against the web of the extended part of the rear pile (404).

9. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A force-sharing plate (305) is provided at the end of the support rod (303) and the top of the rear pile (404). The surface of the force-sharing plate (305) is provided with a toothed structure, and the end of the support rod (303) is provided with a sawtooth structure. The sawtooth structure meshes with the toothed structure of the force-sharing plate (305).

10. The first-stage concrete durable formwork support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walkway slab (5) includes railings (501), handrails (502), anti-slip plates (503) and base supports (504); The walkway slab (5) is fixed to the template panel (1) by the bottom support (504).

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