Natural gas production platform wellhead blowout prevention apparatus

Abstract

The utility model relates to a natural gas exploitation platform wellhead blowout preventer protection equipment, including blowout preventer casing, blowout preventer casing includes upper casing and lower casing, still include multilayer independent sealing unit, multilayer independent sealing unit is sequentially stacked along the axial direction in blowout preventer casing, and the upper casing inside contains two layers independent sealing unit, and the lower casing inside contains a layer independent sealing unit, every layer independent sealing unit includes metal support ring and elastic sealing rubber core, and the independent hydraulic chamber is formed between adjacent sealing unit, and multichannel hydraulic drive system includes multibar independent hydraulic oil circuit, and every hydraulic oil circuit is communicated with a hydraulic chamber corresponding, this novel adopt upper middle and lower three layers independent sealing unit and form multistage redundancy structure, and real -time acquisition sealing state combines pressure displacement temperature sensor, and intelligent control unit is according to data dynamic regulation and control each layer pressure, when the upper layer sealing failure, automatically triggers the lower layer pressurization and realizes smooth switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wellhead blowout prevention and protection technology, specifically to wellhead blowout prevention and protection equipment for natural gas extraction platforms. Background Technology

[0002] Blowout preventers (BOPs) are essential safety devices in natural gas drilling operations. Installed above the wellhead, they serve as the last line of defense against runaway blowouts. A BOP is a set of high-pressure valves and control systems installed on the wellhead casing head or wellhead equipment. Multiple different types of BOPs are combined to form a BOP assembly. Common types include gate BOPs, which use a hydraulically driven gate to move laterally, clamping or cutting off drill strings in the well, or completely sealing the well when no drill strings are available.

[0003] Common blowout preventers (BOPs) for natural gas production platforms often employ single- or double-layer sealing structures, lacking effective redundancy between sealing units. If a single layer of seal fails due to rubber aging, mechanical wear, foreign object scratches, or deformation under high-pressure impact, the entire sealing system may rapidly become ineffective, creating a single point of failure risk. The lack of real-time status monitoring and automatic switching mechanisms makes it difficult for operators to detect seal performance degradation immediately, leading to delayed fault handling. In complex conditions such as deep water, high temperature, and high pressure, the seals bear greater thermal stress and mechanical loads, accelerating aging and further increasing the probability of failure. If a seal failure occurs and is not controlled in time, high-pressure natural gas in the well will breach the seal, triggering a blowout accident. This could not only cause platform damage and personnel casualties but also lead to fires, explosions, and large-scale environmental pollution, resulting in severe safety and ecological consequences. Furthermore, traditional BOPs rely heavily on manual judgment and intervention, resulting in slow response times and low control precision. They are ill-equipped to handle sudden and rapidly developing abnormal downhole pressure fluctuations, further amplifying the risk of a single point of failure escalating into a major accident. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a blowout prevention device for natural gas extraction platforms. It features a multi-level redundant structure with three independent sealing units (upper, middle, and lower). Pressure, displacement, and temperature sensors monitor the sealing status in real time, and the intelligent control unit dynamically adjusts the pressure of each layer accordingly. When the upper layer seal fails, the lower layer is automatically pressurized for seamless switching. A built-in cooling microchannel in the metal support ring continuously dissipates heat, reducing thermal aging of the sealing core under high temperatures and improving the reliability and service life of the equipment under extreme conditions. This invention solves the problems of common wellhead blowout prevention devices, which are mostly single- or double-layer seals lacking redundancy, prone to single-point failure due to aging, wear, or high pressure, lacking real-time monitoring and automatic switching functions, making timely fault detection difficult. In deep-water, high-temperature, and high-pressure environments, the aging of seals accelerates, and failure can easily trigger blowouts, causing serious consequences such as fires, explosions, and pollution. Delayed manual intervention exacerbates the risks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a blowout preventer (BOP) protection device for a natural gas extraction platform wellhead, comprising a BOP housing, the BOP housing including an upper housing and a lower housing; further comprising multiple independent sealing units, the multiple independent sealing units being stacked sequentially along the axial direction within the BOP housing, the upper housing accommodating two independent sealing units, and the lower housing accommodating one independent sealing unit; each independent sealing unit comprising a metal support ring and an elastic sealing core, adjacent sealing units forming independent hydraulic chambers, and a multi-channel hydraulic drive system comprising multiple independent hydraulic oil circuits, each hydraulic oil circuit correspondingly connected to a hydraulic chamber, used to input or discharge working fluid to the corresponding hydraulic chamber to drive the elastic sealing core to undergo radial displacement;

[0006] The embedded sensor network includes multiple sensors distributed inside the hydraulic chamber and at the interface between the metal support ring and the elastic sealing core. These sensors are used to collect the chamber pressure of each sealing unit, the compression displacement of the elastic sealing core, the local temperature, and structural vibration signals. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the embedded sensor network and the multi-channel hydraulic drive structure. It is configured to receive the data collected by the sensors and generate control commands based on the data to adjust the fluid flow and pressure output of each hydraulic circuit, thereby independently controlling the pressure state of each hydraulic chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the multi-layer independent sealing unit includes an upper sealing layer, a middle sealing layer, and a lower sealing layer; the upper sealing layer is located at the top and is used to seal the annular space when the drill string is present; the middle sealing layer is located below the upper sealing layer and can be pressurized to initiate the sealing action when the pressure in the hydraulic chamber corresponding to the upper sealing layer decreases; the lower sealing layer is located at the bottom and is used to perform a fully enclosed operation when no drill string passes through.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic sealing core has a gradient hardness distribution along the radial direction, with the material hardness of its outer peripheral region being greater than that of its inner peripheral region.

[0009] Furthermore, the embedded sensor network includes: a pressure sensor, disposed in each hydraulic chamber, for detecting the fluid pressure within the chamber; a displacement sensor, disposed between the metal support ring and the elastic sealing core, for detecting the deformation of the elastic sealing core in the axial and radial directions; and a temperature sensor, distributed within the metal support ring and around the elastic sealing core of each sealing unit, for monitoring the temperature distribution within the sealing structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the intelligent control unit is configured to: when the pressure of the hydraulic chamber corresponding to the upper sealing unit drops below a set threshold, trigger a pressurization operation on the hydraulic circuit corresponding to the lower sealing unit, causing the elastic sealing core of the lower sealing unit to undergo radial compression movement.

[0011] Furthermore, the metal support ring has a through-channel structure inside for the flow of cooling medium; the blowout preventer housing has cooling medium input and channels corresponding to each sealing unit, and the channels are connected to the microchannels inside the metal support ring, allowing the cooling medium to circulate continuously during the operation of the sealing unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the intelligent control unit is also configured to: perform sealing unit status analysis based on historical operating data collected by sensors, combined with a preset machine learning model, and output data update or maintenance prompts related to the service life of each sealing layer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. By setting up three independent sealing units—upper sealing layer, middle sealing layer, and lower sealing layer—a multi-level redundant sealing structure is formed. When the sealing performance of the upper sealing unit deteriorates due to wear, aging, or abnormal pressure, the middle or lower sealing unit can be activated and put into operation immediately, effectively avoiding blowout accidents caused by single-point failure and greatly enhancing the safety guarantee capability under extreme working conditions.

[0015] 2. The pressure sensor, displacement sensor and temperature sensor are integrated into the key interface area of ​​the sealing unit. They can collect multi-dimensional data such as hydraulic chamber pressure, elastic sealing core deformation and heat distribution in real time. The intelligent control unit dynamically adjusts the pressure output of each layer of hydraulic chamber based on these data to achieve closed-loop control of the sealing state, making the sealing action more precise and the response faster.

[0016] 3. The intelligent control unit has a fault identification and response mechanism. Once an abnormal drop in pressure in the upper hydraulic chamber is detected, it will automatically trigger a pressurization command to the lower sealing unit, driving its elastic sealing core to generate radial compression movement, thereby achieving seamless switching of the sealing function and ensuring that the wellhead can still be closed in case of emergencies.

[0017] 4. The metal support ring has a microchannel cooling structure inside, and the cooling medium is continuously circulated through the cooling medium channel on the blowout preventer housing. This can effectively remove the heat accumulated in the sealing area, reduce the thermal degradation rate of the elastic sealing core under high temperature and high pressure, and improve the high temperature resistance of the overall system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the part of the present invention that is cut out;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top cross-section of the three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the location of the hydraulic chamber of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Blowout preventer housing; 11. Upper housing; 12. Lower housing; 13. Upper sealing layer; 14. Middle sealing layer; 15. Lower sealing layer; 2. Hydraulic chamber; 3. Metal support ring; 4. Elastic sealing core; 5. Hydraulic circuit; 61. Pressure sensor; 62. Displacement sensor; 63. Temperature sensor; 7. Channel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] The intelligent control unit combines historical operating data with machine learning models to analyze the degradation trend of the sealing units, predict the remaining service life of each sealing layer, and proactively output maintenance reminders. This changes the traditional "periodic maintenance" model to "on-demand maintenance," improving equipment availability and reducing the risk of unplanned downtime.

[0027] Please see Figure 1This embodiment of a blowout preventer (BOP) device for a natural gas extraction platform wellhead includes a BOP housing 1, which comprises an upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12. It also includes multiple independent sealing units stacked axially within the BOP housing 1. The upper housing 11 contains two independent sealing units, and the lower housing 12 contains one independent sealing unit. Each independent sealing unit includes a metal support ring 3 and an elastic sealing core 4. Adjacent sealing units form independent hydraulic chambers 2. A multi-channel hydraulic drive system includes multiple independent hydraulic circuits 5, each hydraulic circuit 5 corresponding to a hydraulic chamber 2, used to input or discharge working fluid into or out of the corresponding hydraulic chamber 2 to drive the elastic sealing core 4 to undergo radial displacement.

[0028] In this embodiment, by setting up three independent sealing units (upper, middle, and lower), a multi-level redundant structure is formed. Combined with pressure, displacement, and temperature sensors 63 to monitor the sealing status in real time, the intelligent control unit can dynamically adjust the pressure of each layer. When the upper layer seal fails, the lower layer pressurization action is automatically triggered, achieving seamless switching of the sealing function. At the same time, the metal support ring 3 has a built-in cooling microchannel to continuously dissipate heat to reduce the thermal aging of the sealing core under high temperature, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the system under extreme working conditions.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-6 In this embodiment, to achieve mutual backup of the three sealing layers, with the lower layer immediately taking over if the upper one fails, and with real-time monitoring by sensors, the control structure can adjust the pressure at any time, making the seal more stable and the response faster. The embedded sensor network in this embodiment includes multiple sensors, which are distributed inside the hydraulic chamber 2 and in the interface area between the metal support ring 3 and the elastic sealing core 4. These sensors are used to collect the chamber pressure of each sealing unit, the compression displacement of the elastic sealing core 4, the local temperature, and structural vibration signals. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the embedded sensor network and the multi-channel hydraulic drive system. It is configured to receive the data collected by the sensors and generate control commands based on the data to adjust the fluid flow and pressure output of each hydraulic oil circuit 5, thereby independently controlling the pressure state of each hydraulic chamber 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, the blowout preventer housing 1 is used to support the internal structure and connect to the wellhead device. The upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 together form the installation space of the sealing unit. The metal support ring 3 supports the elastic sealing core 4 and transmits hydraulic power. The elastic sealing core 4 undergoes radial deformation under pressure to achieve annular sealing. The hydraulic chamber 2 receives hydraulic oil to drive the sealing core to move. The hydraulic oil circuit 5 provides an independent pressure transmission channel for each chamber. The pressure sensor 61 monitors the fluid pressure change in the chamber. The displacement sensor 62 detects the degree of compression of the sealing core. The temperature sensor 63 collects thermal state data of the sealing area. The intelligent control unit receives the sensor signals and issues control commands to adjust the pressure of each oil circuit to achieve multi-layer sealing collaborative work. The cooling channel is used to circulate cooling medium to reduce the working temperature of the sealing components. The upper sealing layer 13, the middle sealing layer 14, and the lower sealing layer 15 serve as the main seal and the backup seal in sequence to ensure that the remaining layers can be put into operation immediately after one layer fails.

[0031] It should be noted that the embedded sensor network includes: a pressure sensor 61, disposed within each hydraulic chamber 2, for detecting the fluid pressure within the chamber; a displacement sensor 62, disposed between the metal support ring 3 and the elastic sealing core 4, for detecting the deformation of the elastic sealing core 4 in the axial and radial directions; and a temperature sensor 63, distributed within the metal support ring 3 and around the elastic sealing core 4 of each sealing unit, for monitoring the temperature distribution within the sealing structure. The intelligent control unit is configured to: when the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 2 corresponding to the upper sealing unit drops below a set threshold, trigger a pressurization operation on the hydraulic circuit 5 corresponding to the lower sealing unit, causing the elastic sealing core 4 of the lower sealing unit to undergo radial compression motion. The pressure sensor 61 is used to detect changes in fluid pressure within the hydraulic chamber 2, reflecting the pressurization status and pressure holding capability of the sealing unit in real time. The device 62 is used to measure the deformation of the elastic sealing core 4 in the axial and radial directions, and to monitor the compression degree and resilience of the seal. The temperature sensor 63 is used to monitor the temperature distribution inside the metal support ring 3 and around the elastic sealing core 4, and to understand the thermal load of the sealing structure. The intelligent control unit is used to receive the pressure, displacement and temperature signals collected by the sensors, analyze the sealing status, and issue a control command when the pressure of the upper sealing unit drops to a set threshold. The hydraulic circuit 5 is used to transmit hydraulic fluid and to supply or depressurize the hydraulic chamber 2 of the designated sealing unit in response to the control command. The hydraulic chamber 2 is used to contain the hydraulic fluid and convert the hydraulic pressure into mechanical thrust to drive the sealing action. The elastic sealing core 4 is used to generate radial compression motion under hydraulic action to achieve sealing of the annular space. The metal support ring 3 is used to support and fix the elastic sealing core 4, transmit hydraulic thrust and maintain structural stability.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6In this embodiment, the support ring has a cooling channel inside, which cools the seal like water cooling to prevent it from burning out due to high temperature. This is suitable for harsh environments with high temperature and high pressure. The metal support ring 3 in this embodiment has a through-channel structure inside for the flow of cooling medium. The blowout preventer housing 1 has a cooling medium input and channel corresponding to each sealing unit. The channel is connected to the microchannel inside the metal support ring 3, allowing the cooling medium to circulate continuously during the operation of the sealing unit. The intelligent control unit is also configured to: perform sealing unit status analysis based on historical operating data collected by sensors and combined with a preset machine learning model, and output data update or maintenance prompts related to the service life of each sealing layer.

[0033] In this embodiment, the metal support ring 3 has a microchannel structure inside, which is used to carry the flow of cooling medium and play the role of conducting and dissipating heat. The microchannel structure forms a cooling flow channel inside the metal support ring 3, so that the cooling medium can continuously circulate and remove the accumulated heat. The cooling medium input channel is used to introduce external coolant into the sealing unit area, and the cooling medium channel is used to discharge the cooling medium after absorbing heat, maintaining the continuity of the cooling cycle. When the cooling medium flows in the channel, it absorbs the heat of the sealing core and metal parts, reducing the overall operating temperature. The intelligent control unit receives pressure, temperature and deformation data from the sensor, and analyzes them in combination with historical operation records. The machine learning model is used to identify the performance degradation trend of the sealing unit and predict the remaining service life. The maintenance prompt information is used to remind the operator to check or replace the sealing layer to avoid sudden failure. The channel interface on the blowout preventer housing 1 is used to connect the external cooling pipeline to realize the connection and operation of the cooling system.

[0034] It should be noted that the multi-layer independent sealing unit includes an upper sealing layer 13, a middle sealing layer 14, and a lower sealing layer 15. The upper sealing layer 13 is located at the top and is used to seal the annular space when the drill string is present. The middle sealing layer 14 is located below the upper sealing layer 13 and can be pressurized to initiate the sealing action when the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 2 corresponding to the upper sealing layer 13 decreases. The lower sealing layer 15 is located at the bottom and is used to perform a fully enclosed operation when no drill string passes through. The elastic sealing core 4 has a gradient hardness distribution along the radial direction. The material hardness of its outer peripheral area is greater than that of its inner peripheral area. The elastic sealing core 4 with a gradient hardness structure has a high outer peripheral hardness to resist high pressure extrusion deformation and a low inner peripheral hardness to enhance the fit to drill strings of different sizes, thereby extending the service life of the seal and reducing the replacement frequency. It is suitable for complex and variable drilling operation environments.

[0035] The working principle of the above embodiments is as follows:

[0036] When the blowout prevention equipment at the wellhead of the natural gas extraction platform starts working, working fluid is first input into the designated hydraulic chamber 2 through the hydraulic oil circuit 5. The hydraulic pressure pushes the metal support ring 3, causing the elastic sealing core 4 to generate radial compression motion, so that the elastic sealing core 4 contacts the outer wall of the drill string (the upper two layers contact the outer wall of the drill string) or the inner wall of the wellbore (the lower layer contacts the inner wall of the wellbore) to form a seal. The pressure sensor 61 detects the fluid pressure change in the hydraulic chamber 2 in real time, the displacement sensor 62 monitors the compression deformation of the elastic sealing core 4, and the temperature sensor 63 collects the temperature distribution data of the sealing area. These signals are continuously transmitted to the intelligent control unit. The intelligent control unit judges whether the sealing status is normal based on the received pressure, displacement and temperature signals. When the upper sealing layer 13 corresponds to the hydraulic chamber When the pressure in chamber 2 drops to the set threshold, the intelligent control unit immediately issues a control command to supply oil to the next hydraulic chamber 2 above the failed seal via hydraulic oil circuit 5. This drives the elastic sealing core 4 of the middle sealing layer 14 or the lower sealing layer 15 to generate radial compression, achieving automatic switching of the sealing function. At the same time, the cooling medium enters the microchannel structure inside the metal support ring 3 through the input channel on the blowout preventer housing 1. During the circulation process, it absorbs the heat generated by the elastic sealing core 4 and metal components, and then discharges through the channel, effectively reducing the working temperature of the sealing unit and preventing material aging caused by high temperature. The intelligent control unit also analyzes the trend of sealing performance degradation by combining historical operating data and machine learning models, and regularly outputs service life prediction and maintenance reminder information to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0037] The modular, layered design, combined with independent hydraulic drive and remote intelligent control, makes this equipment particularly suitable for harsh working conditions such as deep water, ultra-deep water, and high temperature and pressure, meeting the stringent requirements of modern offshore natural gas extraction for high safety and high automation.

[0038] It should be noted that the design of the upper housing 11 accommodating two layers and the lower housing 12 accommodating one layer of sealing unit optimizes space utilization while ensuring functional integrity; the layout of each hydraulic oil circuit 5, sensor circuit and cooling channel is clear, which facilitates device integration, testing and subsequent maintenance.

[0039] It should be added that the microchannel structure inside the metal support ring 3 refers to the slender flow channels formed within the metal support ring 3 body. These flow channels are distributed along the annular direction, forming the flow path of the cooling medium. The microchannel structure is connected to the external cooling system, allowing the coolant to continuously flow in and circulate out. During equipment operation, it continuously removes the heat accumulated in the elastic sealing core 4 and the sealing area. This structure can reduce the thermal load of the sealing components under high temperature and high pressure conditions, slow down the thermal aging and performance degradation of the rubber material, maintain the elasticity and sealing performance of the sealing core, and at the same time improve the thermal stability of the metal support ring 3 itself, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the overall structure under long-term high-load conditions.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A blowout preventer (BOP) protection device for a natural gas extraction platform wellhead, comprising a BOP housing (1), the BOP housing (1) comprising an upper housing (11) and a lower housing (12); characterized in that, It also includes a multi-layer independent sealing unit set inside the blowout preventer housing (1), a multi-channel hydraulic drive structure set inside the independent sealing unit, an embedded sensor network and an intelligent control unit installed inside the blowout preventer housing (1). The multi-layer independent sealing units are stacked sequentially along the axial direction inside the blowout preventer housing (1). The upper housing (11) contains two layers of independent sealing units, and the lower housing (12) contains one layer of independent sealing units. Each layer of independent sealing unit includes a metal support ring (3) and an elastic sealing core (4). An independent hydraulic chamber (2) is formed between adjacent sealing units. The multi-channel hydraulic drive structure includes multiple independent hydraulic circuits (5), each hydraulic circuit (5) is connected to a hydraulic chamber (2), and the hydraulic circuit (5) is used to input or discharge working fluid to the corresponding hydraulic chamber (2) to drive the elastic sealing core (4) to undergo radial displacement. The embedded sensor network includes multiple sensors distributed inside the hydraulic chamber (2) and at the interface between the metal support ring (3) and the elastic sealing core (4). The sensors are used to collect the chamber pressure of each sealing unit, the compression displacement of the elastic sealing core (4), the local temperature, and the structural vibration signal.

2. The blowout prevention device for natural gas extraction platform wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer independent sealing unit includes an upper sealing layer (13), a middle sealing layer (14), and a lower sealing layer (15). The upper sealing layer (13) is located at the top and is used to seal the annular space when the drill bit is present. The middle sealing layer (14) is located below the upper sealing layer (13), and the middle sealing layer (14) is pressured to activate the sealing action when the pressure of the hydraulic chamber (2) corresponding to the upper sealing layer (13) decreases. The lower sealing layer (15) is located at the bottom and is used to perform a fully enclosed operation when no drill bit passes through.

3. The blowout prevention device for natural gas extraction platform wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic sealing core (4) has a gradient hardness distribution along the radial direction, and the material hardness of the outer peripheral region of the elastic sealing core (4) is greater than that of the inner peripheral region.

4. The blowout prevention and protection device for natural gas extraction platform wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: Embedded sensor networks include: Pressure sensors (61) are installed in each hydraulic chamber (2) to detect the fluid pressure in the chamber; A displacement sensor (62) is disposed between the metal support ring (3) and the elastic sealing core (4). The displacement sensor (62) is used to detect the deformation of the elastic sealing core (4) in the axial and radial directions. Temperature sensors (63) are distributed inside the metal support ring (3) of each sealing unit and around the elastic sealing core (4). The temperature sensors (63) are used to monitor the temperature distribution inside the sealing structure.

5. The blowout prevention device for natural gas extraction platform wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit is configured to trigger a pressurization operation on the hydraulic circuit (5) corresponding to the lower sealing unit when the pressure of the hydraulic chamber (2) corresponding to the upper sealing unit drops below a set threshold, so that the elastic sealing core (4) of the lower sealing unit generates radial compression motion.

6. The blowout prevention device for natural gas extraction platform wellheads according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal support ring (3) has a through-channel structure inside, which is used to circulate the cooling medium. The blowout preventer housing (1) has two channels (7) for the input and output of the cooling medium corresponding to each sealing unit. The two channels (7) are connected to the microchannel inside the metal support ring (3) respectively, and the cooling medium forms a circulation loop through the channels and microchannel.

7. The blowout prevention and protection device for natural gas extraction platform wellheads according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit is also configured to receive data collected by the sensor, analyze the data and generate control commands based on the data, adjust the fluid flow and pressure output of each hydraulic circuit (5), and adjust the pressure state of each hydraulic chamber (2).

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