Underwater receiving system for a shield in water-rich sand

Abstract

The application provides an underwater receiving system of a shield in a water-rich sand layer, which comprises a receiving well and a shield body arranged on the sidewall of the receiving well, a plurality of grouting holes are arranged at the portal of the shield body, the grouting holes are communicated with grouting pipes for grouting and reinforcing the shield body, and a well water backfilling mechanism is further arranged for backfilling well water in the receiving well. In the technical scheme, the risk of shield receiving caused by underground water is effectively reduced, and the construction safety of shield receiving is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel shield construction technology, and in particular to an underwater receiving system for a shield in a water-rich sand layer. Background Technology

[0002] Existing literature indicates that common receiving schemes for tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in water-rich sandy layers include artificial freezing, steel sleeve receiving, high-pressure jet grouting, and combinations thereof. Ben Zhijiang et al. and Chen Song, based on TBM receiving end reinforcement projects in the Nanjing and Tianjin Metro respectively, concluded that combining high-pressure jet grouting with artificial freezing technology is an ideal reinforcement method. Zhang Zhongyong et al. and Fang Anmin et al., under conditions of jet grouting failure, successfully achieved TBM receiving using artificial freezing and pipe roof grouting technologies respectively. Yang et al. proposed a receiving scheme combining freezing with tunnel portal sealing and conducted a feasibility test on-site. Gao Rui et al., Shen Wei et al., and Liu Yangjun et al., based on different engineering projects, detailed the process flow of combining artificial freezing and steel sleeve receiving technologies. Luo Ting et al., combining a horizontal freezing project for a TBM launch section in Nanjing, proposed improvements to freezing technology through simulation and verified its feasibility. Yang Shengbin et al., based on a case study of a steel sleeve for a TBM in a Jinan Metro section, proposed risk prevention measures. Liao Shaoming et al., based on the Shanghai Metro shield tunneling project, studied the stress and deformation characteristics of the steel sleeve during the receiving phase. Zhao Lifeng, Zhang Zhong'an, and Xue Hongping detailed the construction technology of steel sleeve receiving in water-rich sand layers and proposed the control range of construction parameters. Yang Tao proposed an optimization scheme based on numerical simulation for the shield receiving end reinforcement project in a water-rich stratum in Nanning. Liu Yulin et al. studied the end reinforcement measures and tunneling parameters during shield receiving in water-rich sand layers. Li Jun and Liu Hongfei proposed that, when facing special geological conditions where traditional end reinforcement methods cannot be applied, using high-pressure jet grouting piles combined with steel sleeve shield receiving technology is a safe and reliable solution. Other scholars, such as An Hongbin et al., Yu Jiayun, and Chen Lin et al., based on different shield receiving projects, adopted a receiving scheme that involves backfilling the receiving shaft with water or sand, and analyzed the key points of the shield receiving process with water and soil backfilling. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an underwater shield receiving system in water-rich sand layers to effectively reduce the risks of shield receiving caused by groundwater and ensure the safety of shield receiving construction.

[0004] This application provides an underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer, comprising: a receiving well and a shield body disposed on the sidewall of the receiving well, wherein...

[0005] The shield body has multiple grouting holes at the entrance.

[0006] The grouting hole is connected to the grouting pipe and is used for grouting reinforcement of the shield body;

[0007] It also includes a well water backfilling mechanism for backfilling the receiving well with well water.

[0008] In the above technical solution, by setting up a receiving well and a shield body set on the side wall of the receiving well, and by setting up multiple grouting holes at the entrance of the shield body, the grouting holes are connected to grouting pipes for grouting and reinforcing the shield body; it also includes a well water backfilling mechanism for backfilling the receiving well with well water; it effectively reduces the risk of shield receiving caused by groundwater and ensures the construction safety of shield receiving.

[0009] In one specific implementation scheme, retaining piles are installed on the shield body.

[0010] In one specific implementation scheme, the number of retaining piles is multiple.

[0011] In one specific implementation, the horizontal spacing of the grouting holes ranges from 1000mm to 1300mm.

[0012] In one specific implementation, the horizontal spacing of the grouting holes is 1100 mm.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the shield is surrounded by polyurethane grout for waterproofing.

[0014] In one specific implementation, the diameter of the grouting hole is 42 mm.

[0015] In one specific implementation scheme, the well water backfilling mechanism includes a water pump, wherein...

[0016] The water pump is connected to the receiving well via a pipeline.

[0017] In one specific implementation, a protruding device is provided at the lower part of the tunnel entrance of the shield body.

[0018] In one specific implementation, the protrusion is a triangular reinforcing rib. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting hole provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Among them, 1-receiving well, 2-shield body, 3-tunnel portal, 4-grouting hole, 5-retaining pile, 6-water pump, 7-pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more apparent.

[0023] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0024] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] To facilitate understanding of the underwater shield receiving system in water-rich sand layers provided in this application embodiment, its application scenario is first explained. The underwater shield receiving system in water-rich sand layers provided in this application embodiment effectively reduces the risk of shield receiving caused by groundwater and ensures the safety of shield receiving construction. Existing literature indicates that commonly used shield receiving schemes in water-rich sand layers include artificial freezing, steel sleeve receiving, high-pressure jet grouting, and combinations of the above schemes. Ben Zhijiang et al. and Chen Song, based on the shield receiving end reinforcement projects of Nanjing Metro and Tianjin Metro respectively, concluded that the combination of high-pressure jet grouting and artificial freezing technology is an ideal reinforcement method. Zhang Zhongyong et al. and Fang Anmin et al., under the condition of jet grouting failure, successfully achieved shield receiving by using artificial freezing technology and pipe roof grouting technology respectively. Yang et al. proposed a receiving scheme combining freezing method with tunnel portal sealing and conducted a feasibility test on site. Gao Rui et al., Shen Wei et al., Liu Yangjun et al., based on different engineering projects, detailed the process flow of combining artificial freezing technology and steel sleeve receiving technology. Luo Ting et al., based on the horizontal freezing project of a shield tunneling machine in Nanjing, proposed improved freezing technology measures through simulation and verified their feasibility. Yang Shengbin et al., based on a case study of a steel sleeve shield tunneling machine in a subway section in Jinan, proposed risk prevention measures. Liao Shaoming et al., relying on the Shanghai Metro shield tunneling project, studied the stress and deformation characteristics of the steel sleeve during the receiving period. Zhao Lifeng, Zhang Zhong'an, and Xue Hongping detailed the construction technology of steel sleeve receiving in water-rich sand layers and proposed the control range of construction parameters. Yang Tao, for a shield tunneling machine receiving end reinforcement project in water-rich strata in Nanning, proposed an optimization scheme through numerical simulation. Liu Yulin et al. studied the end reinforcement measures and tunneling parameters of shield tunneling machines during receiving in water-rich sand layers. Li Jun and Liu Hongfei proposed that, when facing special geological conditions where traditional end reinforcement methods cannot be applied, using high-pressure jet grouting piles combined with steel sleeve shield tunneling receiving technology is a safe and reliable solution. Some scholars, such as An Hongbin, Yu Jiayun, and Chen Lin, have adopted a receiving scheme that involves backfilling the receiving shaft with water or sand based on different shield tunneling receiving projects, and analyzed the key points of the shield tunneling receiving process with water and soil backfilling. Therefore, this application provides an underwater receiving system for shield tunneling in water-rich sand layers to effectively reduce the risks of shield tunneling caused by groundwater and ensure the safety of shield tunneling construction. The following detailed description, in conjunction with specific accompanying drawings, illustrates the embodiments.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting hole provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2This application provides an underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer, comprising: a receiving well 1 and a shield body 2 disposed on the sidewall of the receiving well, wherein...

[0028] The shield body has multiple grouting holes 4 at the entrance 3.

[0029] The grouting hole is connected to the grouting pipe and is used for grouting reinforcement of the shield body;

[0030] It also includes a well water backfilling mechanism for backfilling the receiving well with well water.

[0031] In the above technical solution, by setting up a receiving well and a shield body set on the side wall of the receiving well, and by setting up multiple grouting holes at the entrance of the shield body, the grouting holes are connected to grouting pipes for grouting and reinforcing the shield body; it also includes a well water backfilling mechanism for backfilling the receiving well with well water; it effectively reduces the risk of shield receiving caused by groundwater and ensures the construction safety of shield receiving.

[0032] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0033] Enhancing shield stability and reducing the risk of groundwater seepage: In water-rich sand layers, groundwater is abundant and the sand layers are highly permeable. During shield tunneling, the shield faces immense groundwater pressure, making it highly susceptible to accidents such as water and sand inrush. In this system, multiple grouting holes are installed at the shield's portal, connected to grouting pipes. By injecting grout around the shield, the grout fills the gaps between the shield and the surrounding sand layers, forming a robust water-stopping curtain. This effectively blocks groundwater seepage, enhances the shield's stability in water-rich sand layers, and significantly reduces the risk of shield instability and deformation caused by groundwater seepage, providing a reliable foundation for shield tunneling reception.

[0034] Precise grouting reinforcement ensures controllable construction quality: The rational distribution of multiple grouting holes makes the grouting process more precise and controllable. Construction personnel can adjust the grouting volume and pressure according to the actual geological conditions of the sand layer surrounding the shield. For areas with high permeability and soft soil, the grouting volume and pressure are appropriately increased to ensure sufficient grout filling; while for relatively dense areas, the grouting volume is reduced to avoid grout waste and excessive compression. This precise grouting reinforcement method ensures uniform reinforcement of the sand layer around the shield, improves the stability and reliability of the entire receiving system, and effectively enhances the construction quality of the shield receiving operation.

[0035] Well water backfilling ensures the structural safety of the receiving shaft: The well water backfilling mechanism is a major highlight of this system. During the shield tunneling process, the water level inside the receiving shaft changes. If well water backfilling is not carried out in a timely manner, it may lead to an imbalance of water pressure inside and outside the receiving shaft, causing damage to the side walls and bottom structure of the receiving shaft. By backfilling the receiving shaft with well water through the well water backfilling mechanism, the water pressure inside and outside the receiving shaft can be balanced, reducing the stress effect of water pressure difference on the receiving shaft structure, preventing accidents such as cracking and collapse of the receiving shaft due to water pressure imbalance, ensuring the structural safety of the receiving shaft, and providing a stable operating environment for shield tunneling.

[0036] Optimizing the construction process and improving efficiency: This underwater receiving system organically combines grouting reinforcement and well water backfilling to form a complete construction process. Before shield receiving, grouting reinforcement is carried out through grouting holes to treat the sand layer around the shield in advance, reducing uncertainties during construction. During or after receiving, well water backfilling is carried out in a timely manner to ensure the safety of the receiving well structure. This orderly construction process avoids conflicts and delays between various procedures in traditional construction, reduces construction waiting time, improves construction efficiency, and enables the shield receiving project to be completed smoothly within the specified time.

[0037] Lowering construction costs and enhancing economic benefits: This system effectively reduces risks during the tunnel boring machine (TBM) receiving process, minimizing project delays, equipment damage, and personnel casualties caused by accidents, thereby reducing construction costs. Simultaneously, precise grouting reinforcement and rational well water backfilling reduce grout and water waste, improving resource utilization and further lowering construction costs. Furthermore, the efficient construction process shortens the construction period, enabling the project to be put into use ahead of schedule, creating greater economic and social benefits.

[0038] Adaptable to complex geological conditions and with expanded application scope: This system is specifically designed for complex geological conditions such as water-rich sand layers, exhibiting strong adaptability and specificity. In similar water-rich sand layer geological environments, the system can fully leverage its advantages to effectively solve challenges during the shield tunneling receiving process. Furthermore, its design concept and construction methods can provide reference and guidance for shield tunneling receiving projects under other complex geological conditions, expanding the application scope of shield tunneling technology and promoting its continuous development and progress.

[0039] In one specific implementation scheme, retaining piles 5 are installed on the shield body.

[0040] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0041] Enhancing Structural Stability: In complex geological environments with poor soil stability, such as water-rich sand layers, retaining piles installed on the shield effectively constrain the deformation of the surrounding soil. This acts like a robust "exoskeleton" for the shield, bearing the lateral pressure from the soil and water, preventing tilting, displacement, or localized damage due to uneven stress during the receiving process. This significantly enhances the structural stability of the entire receiving system and ensures the safe operation of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) receiving operation.

[0042] Effective water-stopping and seepage prevention: The retaining piles, together with the shield body and the grouting-reinforced area, form multiple water-stopping lines. In water-rich sand layers, groundwater is abundant and highly mobile. The retaining piles can block the direct infiltration of groundwater, reducing the scouring and erosion of the shield body. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the water-stopping curtain formed by grouting, they further reduce the risk of groundwater inrush into the receiving well, avoiding safety accidents caused by water or sand inrush, and creating a relatively dry and stable operating environment for shield receiving.

[0043] Facilitates construction control: The retaining piles provide a clear reference and constraint framework for the shield tunneling receiving operation. Construction personnel can more precisely control the shield's advance direction and attitude based on the position and condition of the retaining piles, ensuring the shield accurately enters the receiving shaft along the predetermined route. This improves construction accuracy and controllability, reduces construction errors and adjustment frequency, and enhances construction efficiency and quality.

[0044] In one specific implementation scheme, the number of retaining piles is multiple.

[0045] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0046] Enhanced overall water-stopping and stability: Multiple retaining piles work together to form a more robust and continuous protective system around the shield. In water-rich sandy layers, groundwater seepage paths are complex, and the water-stopping and reinforcement range of a single retaining pile is limited. Multiple retaining piles can overlap and cooperate to effectively block groundwater seepage channels, greatly enhancing the water-stopping effect. At the same time, they jointly bear the lateral pressure of the soil and water, improving the restraint capacity of the shield and preventing deformation or displacement of the shield due to excessive local stress, ensuring the overall stability of the receiving system.

[0047] Enhancing construction safety redundancy: If only a small number of retaining piles are used, a quality problem or construction deviation in any one of them could affect the safety of the entire receiving system. Multiple retaining piles provide greater safety redundancy. Even if individual retaining piles are defective, the others can still function, maintaining the basic stability of the system, reducing the risk of construction accidents caused by retaining pile failure, and providing a more reliable safety guarantee for tunnel boring machine (TBM) receiving operations.

[0048] Enhanced adaptability to complex geological conditions: Water-rich sandy layers exhibit diverse geological conditions, with soil properties varying across different locations. Multiple retaining piles can be flexibly arranged and adjusted according to actual geological conditions to better adapt to this complex geological environment, ensuring effective water-stopping and reinforcement in different sections, thereby improving construction adaptability and success rate.

[0049] In one specific implementation, the horizontal spacing of the grouting holes ranges from 1000mm to 1300mm.

[0050] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0051] Ensuring grout uniformity: This spacing range allows the grout to diffuse evenly within the sand layer surrounding the shield. If the spacing is too small, the grouting holes will be too dense, causing grout to interfere with each other, resulting in excessively high local grout concentrations, waste, and potentially excessive soil compression deformation. If the spacing is too large, the grout cannot effectively connect, creating grouting blind spots and affecting the reinforcement effect. A spacing of 1000mm-1300mm avoids these problems, allowing the grout to fully fill the voids in the sand layer, forming a uniform and continuous reinforcement area, effectively blocking groundwater seepage, and enhancing the stability of the shield.

[0052] Balancing construction efficiency and cost: Within this spacing range, both the quality of grouting reinforcement can be guaranteed, and the number of grouting holes can be reasonably controlled. Compared to smaller spacing, the number of grouting holes required is reduced, lowering the workload and cost of drilling, installing grouting pipes, and other processes, while shortening the construction cycle and improving construction efficiency. Compared to excessively large spacing, it avoids the additional work such as secondary grouting that may be caused by insufficient reinforcement, further saving costs and time.

[0053] Adapting to the characteristics of water-rich sand layers: Water-rich sand layers have high permeability and poor stability. The grouting hole spacing of 1000mm-1300mm can better adapt to this geological condition, ensuring the effective construction of a water-stop curtain and reinforcement system in complex strata, and ensuring the safe and smooth progress of shield tunneling.

[0054] In one specific implementation, the horizontal spacing of the grouting holes is 1100 mm.

[0055] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0056] Optimizing grouting reinforcement effect: In water-rich sand layers, a horizontal spacing of 1100mm allows the grout to form a relatively ideal and uniform diffusion distribution around the shield. This spacing avoids both excessive compression and interference between adjacent grouting holes (causing local grout accumulation and waste) and excessive gaps in grouting, resulting in discontinuous sand layer reinforcement. The grout can fully fill the pores of the sand layer, forming a continuous and dense reinforcement ring, effectively blocking groundwater seepage, enhancing the bond between the shield and the surrounding soil, and improving overall stability.

[0057] Balancing construction efficiency and cost: Compared to other spacing methods, 1100mm allows for reasonable control of the number of grouting holes while ensuring grouting quality. This reduces the workload of drilling and installing grouting pipes, lowers material consumption and labor costs, shortens the construction cycle, and improves construction efficiency. It also avoids secondary grouting or reinforcement work caused by improper spacing, further saving project costs and time.

[0058] Adaptability to Geological Conditions and Construction Requirements: This spacing has been proven in practice to be well-suited to the geological characteristics of water-rich sand layers and the specific requirements of shield tunneling. In complex and variable geological formations, it provides a stable and reliable operating environment for shield tunneling, ensuring construction safety and project quality.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the shield is surrounded by polyurethane grout for waterproofing.

[0060] Specifically, the beneficial effects of filling the area around the shield with polyurethane grout for water sealing include:

[0061] Highly efficient and rapid water sealing: Polyurethane grout is characterized by its rapid reaction; upon contact with water, it quickly undergoes a chemical reaction and expands and solidifies. After being filled around the shield, it can form a dense water-stopping barrier in a short time, rapidly blocking the seepage channels of groundwater and effectively preventing groundwater in the water-rich sand layer from flowing into the receiving well. This creates a relatively dry construction environment for the shield receiving operation, ensuring the smooth progress of construction.

[0062] Excellent adaptability and sealing properties: Polyurethane grout has good flexibility and adhesion, enabling it to adapt to complex geological conditions and irregular shapes around the shield. It can tightly adhere to the shield surface and surrounding sand layers, filling tiny gaps and pores to form a continuous and complete water-stopping system, greatly improving the water-stopping effect and reducing leakage problems caused by gaps.

[0063] Enhancing structural stability: After being filled with polyurethane grout, it forms a unified whole with the shield and surrounding soil, increasing the density and strength of the structure. This helps improve the stability of the shield in water-rich sand layers, reduces the risk of shield displacement and tilting caused by groundwater, ensures the structural safety of the shield during tunnel boring machine (TBM) reception, and lowers the probability of construction accidents.

[0064] Simple and environmentally friendly construction: Polyurethane grout is relatively easy to apply, as it can be directly injected around the shield using grouting equipment, without the need for complex construction processes or large machinery. Furthermore, it is non-toxic, odorless, and environmentally friendly, meeting the requirements of green construction.

[0065] In one specific implementation, the diameter of the grouting hole is 42 mm.

[0066] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0067] Suitable for grout flow characteristics: The 42mm diameter is highly compatible with the flow characteristics of commonly used grouting materials such as polyurethane. This size ensures smooth grout flow within the grouting pipe, avoiding problems such as grout flow obstruction and increased pressure due to excessively small orifice diameter, which could lead to grouting difficulties or even blockage of the grouting hole; at the same time, it prevents excessively fast grout flow due to excessively large orifice diameter, which could cause uneven grout diffusion in the sand layer and affect the water-stopping and reinforcement effect, ensuring that the grout can fill the voids around the shield body at an appropriate speed and range.

[0068] Balancing construction efficiency and cost: This diameter presents a moderate drilling difficulty during construction, allowing for rapid creation of grouting holes using conventional drilling equipment, thus improving construction efficiency. Simultaneously, compared to excessively large diameter grouting holes, it reduces material and energy consumption during drilling, lowering construction costs. Furthermore, the suitable hole diameter facilitates the installation and securing of the grouting pipe, reducing cumbersome operations and potential problems in the construction process.

[0069] Ensuring the quality of water-stopping reinforcement: The 42mm grouting holes allow the grout to fully penetrate all parts of the water-rich sand layer, forming a uniform and dense water-stopping reinforcement ring. This effectively blocks groundwater infiltration, enhances the bond between the shield and the surrounding soil, improves the overall structural stability, and provides a reliable safety guarantee for shield tunneling.

[0070] In one specific implementation scheme, the well water backfilling mechanism includes a water pump 6, wherein,

[0071] The water pump is connected to the receiving well via pipeline 7.

[0072] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0073] Efficient and precise water level control: The water pump can quickly and accurately adjust the water level in the receiving well according to construction needs. During the shield tunneling process, the water volume in the well can be adjusted in a timely manner by pumping or injecting water according to the water pressure balance requirements at different stages, ensuring that the water pressure inside and outside the receiving well is always in a balanced state. This effectively avoids damage to the receiving well structure caused by water pressure imbalance, such as cracking of the well wall and heave of the well bottom, thus ensuring construction safety.

[0074] Flexible handling of complex working conditions: The pipeline connection ensures unobstructed water flow between the pump and the receiving well, and the pipeline route and length can be flexibly arranged according to the actual site conditions. Whether the receiving well is located in a remote area or the surrounding environment is complex, the pump can operate normally, and the well water can be backfilled or extracted in a timely manner, adapting to different construction sites and geological conditions, thus improving the flexibility and adaptability of construction.

[0075] Improving construction efficiency and quality: This feature simplifies the well water backfilling process, reduces manual intervention and labor intensity, and enables rapid completion of well water backfilling, shortening the construction cycle. Simultaneously, stable water level control helps improve the accuracy and quality of shield tunneling, ensuring accurate shield positioning and laying a solid foundation for the smooth progress of subsequent projects.

[0076] In one specific implementation, a protruding device is provided at the lower part of the tunnel entrance of the shield body.

[0077] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0078] Enhanced Sealing Performance: During the shield tunneling process, groundwater leakage is highly likely to occur at the tunnel portal. The raised device can fit tightly with the portal sealing device of the receiving shaft, forming a more effective sealing structure. It can fill any tiny gaps that may exist between the shield and the portal, increase the sealing contact area and friction, prevent groundwater from flowing into the receiving shaft from below, greatly improve the water-stopping effect at the portal, and ensure a dry and safe construction environment.

[0079] Guiding the shield body into position: The protruding device provides a clear guide and positioning function for the shield body as it enters the receiving shaft. When the shield body advances to the tunnel entrance, the protruding device can first contact the corresponding structure inside the receiving shaft, guiding the shield body to accurately position itself along the predetermined trajectory, avoiding any deviation or tilting of the shield body during the receiving process, ensuring the docking accuracy between the shield body and the receiving shaft, and improving construction quality.

[0080] Dispersing stress concentration: During the receiving process, the shield body will be subjected to significant soil and water pressure, and the area below the tunnel portal is a region of high stress concentration. The raised device can disperse this stress, evenly transferring the concentrated stress to the surrounding structure, reducing damage to the shield body and tunnel portal caused by excessive local stress, extending equipment service life, and reducing construction risks and maintenance costs.

[0081] In one specific implementation, the protrusion is a triangular reinforcing rib.

[0082] Specifically, the beneficial effects include:

[0083] High structural stability: Triangles possess extremely high stability, and the triangular reinforcing ribs, acting as protruding devices, provide reliable support for the lower part of the shield portal. During shield receiving, the shield body must withstand complex forces from the soil and water. The triangular reinforcing ribs effectively disperse these stresses, preventing localized stress concentrations that could lead to structural deformation or damage, ensuring the structural integrity of the shield body during receiving, and guaranteeing construction safety.

[0084] Enhanced sealing performance: The unique shape of the triangular reinforcing ribs allows for a tighter fit when in contact with the sealing device of the receiving shaft entrance. Their sharp edges penetrate deep into the sealing material, increasing friction and gripping force, effectively preventing groundwater from seeping into the receiving shaft from the bottom of the entrance. This significantly improves the water-stopping performance at the entrance, creating a dry working environment for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) receiving operation.

[0085] Convenient and economical construction: The triangular reinforcing rib has a simple structure and is relatively easy to manufacture, using common materials such as steel, resulting in low cost. Furthermore, its installation is simple, requiring no complex operations or special equipment, and can be quickly fixed to the lower part of the shield tunnel entrance, saving construction time and labor costs and improving construction efficiency.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will know that this application can be implemented as a system, method, or computer program product.

[0087] The specific structure and control method of the controller are well-known technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0088] Therefore, this disclosure can be implemented in the following forms: it can be entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software, generally referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "system." Furthermore, in some embodiments, this application can also be implemented as a computer program product in one or more computer-readable media, the computer-readable media containing computer-readable program code.

[0089] Any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be used. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0090] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application. Based on this, various substitutions and improvements can be made to this application, all of which fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer, characterized in that, include: The receiving well and the shield body disposed on the side wall of the receiving well, wherein, The shield body has multiple grouting holes at the entrance. The grouting hole is connected to the grouting pipe and is used for grouting reinforcement of the shield body; It also includes a well water backfilling mechanism for backfilling the receiving well with well water.

2. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shield body is fitted with retaining piles.

3. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of retaining piles is multiple.

4. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal spacing of the grouting holes ranges from 1000mm to 1300mm.

5. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The horizontal spacing of the grouting holes is 1100mm.

6. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shield body is surrounded by polyurethane grout for waterproofing.

7. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The diameter of the grouting hole is 42mm.

8. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The well water backfilling mechanism includes a water pump, wherein... The water pump is connected to the receiving well via a pipeline.

9. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower part of the tunnel entrance of the shield body is provided with a protruding device.

10. The underwater receiving system for a shield tunneling machine in a water-rich sand layer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The protruding device is a triangular reinforcing rib.

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