A soft rock large deformation tunnel prestressed anchor structure

Abstract

A kind of soft rock large deformation tunnel prestressed anchor cable structure belongs to tunnel engineering construction technical field, including anchor cable, the anchor cable outer wall is equipped with several expansion structures along its length direction, the front end of the anchor cable is fixedly connected with mixing head by first connecting sleeve, the rear end of the anchor cable is detachably connected with anchor rod drilling machine by second connecting sleeve, the mixing head includes first conical steel plate and second conical steel plate which are arranged in each other crossing.The mixing head of the front end of anchor cable in the utility model can drive anchor agent to be fully stirred and scattered, so as to effectively shorten the period of prestressed anchor cable to exert prestress, reach the reinforcement measure of quick and effective support, so as to realize the reinforcement of bad geological surrounding rock support measure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel engineering construction technology, and relates to a prestressed anchor cable structure, particularly a prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock tunnels with large deformation. Background Technology

[0002] The geological environments encountered in tunnel engineering vary greatly, and tunnel projects traversing weak, fractured, and water-rich geological conditions are increasingly common. In soft rock, collapsed boreholes, areas with large deformations, and non-self-stabilizing surrounding rock sections, support methods centered on systematic anchor bolts, advanced support, steel arch installation, and shotcrete are sufficient for Class I and Class II large deformations. However, in Class III large deformation sections, the above support methods alone are insufficient to achieve satisfactory support results; therefore, prestressed anchor cables are added to strengthen the support in the design.

[0003] The construction cycle of ordinary prestressed anchor cable structures, from drilling, grouting, and applying prestress after reaching a certain strength, is too long. It is obviously not suitable for Class III large deformation sections with severe surrounding rock deformation, faster deformation speed, and large deformation rate.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve this problem, this utility model proposes a prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock tunnels with large deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock tunnels with large deformation, in order to solve the technical problem of long prestressing period in ordinary prestressed anchor cables in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this utility model provides a prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels, including an anchor cable. The outer wall of the anchor cable is provided with a plurality of expansion structures along its length. A stirring head is fixedly connected to the front end of the anchor cable, and an anchor drilling machine is detachably connected to the rear end of the anchor cable.

[0007] Preferably, in any of the above embodiments, the expansion structure is an elliptical structure formed by the outward protrusion of the outer wall of the anchor cable.

[0008] Preferably, in any of the above embodiments, the front end of the anchor cable is connected to the mixing head via a first connecting sleeve.

[0009] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the stirring head includes a first conical steel plate and a second conical steel plate, the first conical steel plate has a groove in the middle along its height direction, the second conical steel plate is clamped in the groove, and the conical ends of the first conical steel plate and the second conical steel plate face the same direction.

[0010] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the bottom of both ends of the first and second tapered steel plates are fixedly connected to support legs, and a connecting groove is formed between the four support legs. The outer wall of the first connecting sleeve is inserted into the connecting groove and welded to the support legs for fixation.

[0011] Preferably, in any of the above embodiments, both ends of the first and second conical steel plates are provided with through holes.

[0012] Preferably, in any of the above embodiments, the outer contour of the first connecting sleeve is circular, and the inner contour of the first connecting sleeve is a quincunx shape adapted to the anchor cable.

[0013] Preferably, in any of the above embodiments, the rear end of the anchor cable is detachably connected to the anchor drilling rig via a second connecting sleeve.

[0014] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the inner contour of one end of the second connecting sleeve is a circle with threads, and the inner contour of the other end of the second connecting sleeve is a plum blossom shape adapted to the anchor cable.

[0015] As described above, the prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In this utility model, the mixing head at the front end of the anchor cable can drive the anchoring agent to be fully mixed and dispersed, thereby effectively shortening the prestressing period of the prestressed anchor cable, achieving rapid and effective reinforcement of support measures, and thus realizing the reinforcement of support measures for adverse geological surrounding rock.

[0017] 2. In this utility model, the extension structure on the anchor cable can greatly increase the outward resistance under the action of the anchoring agent, and better apply prestress to the anchor cable. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the stirring head.

[0020] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a first-view structural schematic of the second connecting sleeve.

[0021] Figure 4 The diagram shows a second-view structural schematic of the second connecting sleeve.

[0022] Component designation explanation

[0023] 1-Stirring head; 11-First conical steel plate; 12-Second conical steel plate; 13-Through hole; 14-Support leg; 15-Connecting groove; 2-First connecting sleeve; 3-Anchor cable; 31-Expansion structure; 4-Second connecting sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 4 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of this invention, should still fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this invention.

[0026] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels, including an anchor cable 3. The outer wall of the anchor cable 3 is provided with a plurality of expansion structures 31 along its length direction. A stirring head 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the anchor cable 3, and an anchor drilling machine is detachably connected to the rear end of the anchor cable 3.

[0027] In this embodiment, to address the issue that the prestressing period of existing prestressed anchor cables is long and unsuitable for large deformation sections with severe surrounding rock deformation, rapid deformation speed, and large change rate, this embodiment proposes a prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels. This structure includes an anchor cable 3, a mixing head 1 and an anchor drilling rig connected to both ends of the anchor cable 3. During operation, the anchor drilling rig drives the mixing head 1 to rotate at high speed through the anchor cable 3, causing it to disperse the anchoring agent through mixing, thereby facilitating the anchoring of the anchor cable 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, one end of the mixing head 1 is fixedly connected to the anchor cable 3, which ensures the stability of the connection between the mixing head 1 and the anchor cable 3, thereby effectively preventing unstable situations such as separation of the mixing head 1 and the anchor cable 3 during high-speed rotation. The other end of the anchor cable 3 can be detachably connected to the anchor drilling rig, which facilitates the installation and disassembly of the anchor drilling rig, thus meeting the usage requirements.

[0029] In this embodiment, three expansion structures 31 are provided along the length of the anchor cable 3. Each expansion structure 31 is an elliptical structure formed by the outward protrusion of the outer wall of the anchor cable 3, and the expansion structure 31 is integrally formed with the anchor cable 3. Under the action of the anchoring agent, the expansion structure 31 can greatly increase the outward resistance, thereby better applying prestress to the anchor cable 3.

[0030] Of course, the expansion structure 31 is not limited to three; it can be selected according to the actual construction situation, such as four or five expansion structures 31 along the length of the anchor cable 3.

[0031] As a further description of the above embodiment, the front end of the anchor cable 3 is connected to the stirring head 1 via a first connecting sleeve 2. The outer contour of the first connecting sleeve 2 is circular, and the inner contour of the first connecting sleeve 2 is a quincunx shape adapted to the anchor cable 3.

[0032] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the first connecting sleeve 2 is circular, and the inner wall of the first connecting sleeve 2 is set in a quincunx shape to match the anchor cable 3. This makes it easy to place the front end of the anchor cable 3 into the quincunx structure of the first connecting sleeve 2. After the front end of the anchor cable 3 is placed into the first connecting sleeve 2, it is pressed by a hydraulic press to weld the first connecting sleeve 2 and the mixing head 1 together to form an integral structure. This is beneficial for fully mixing the anchoring agent and can effectively prevent the anchor cable 3 from becoming unstable, such as spreading out, during high-speed rotation.

[0033] As a further description of the above embodiment, the stirring head 1 includes a first conical steel plate 11 and a second conical steel plate 12. A groove is formed in the middle of the first conical steel plate 11 along its height direction, and the second conical steel plate 12 is fitted into the groove. The conical ends of the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12 face the same direction. Support legs 14 are fixedly connected to the bottom of both horizontal ends of the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12. A connecting groove 15 is formed between the four support legs 14. The outer wall of the first connecting sleeve 2 is inserted into the connecting groove 15 and welded to the support legs 14 for fixation.

[0034] In this embodiment, the horizontal end of the first conical steel plate 11 is recessed upwards to form a groove, and the conical end of the second conical steel plate 12 is inserted upwards into the groove. The horizontal ends of the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12 are of equal length, and the horizontal ends of the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12 after being inserted into each other are on the same horizontal plane. The contact points of the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12 are welded and fixed to ensure the stability of the stirring head 1.

[0035] In order to increase the welding area between the stirring head 1 and the first connecting sleeve 2, thereby increasing the stability of the connection between the stirring head 1 and the first connecting sleeve 2, support legs 14 are fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom of the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12. A connecting groove 15 is formed between the four support legs 14. The first connecting sleeve 2 extends into the connecting groove 15 and is welded and fixed to the support legs 14.

[0036] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the first connecting sleeve 2 is circular, and the outer diameter of the first connecting sleeve 2 is equal to the distance between the two legs 14 on the first conical steel plate 11 or the second conical steel plate 12. Of course, the outer wall of the first connecting sleeve 2 is not limited to a circular structure; other shapes that can ensure a stable connection between the first connecting sleeve 2 and the stirring head 1 are also acceptable, such as a rectangle with the same shape as the connecting groove 15.

[0037] As a further description of the above embodiments, both ends of the first tapered steel plate 11 and the second tapered steel plate 12 are provided with through holes 13.

[0038] In this embodiment, the through holes 13 on the first conical steel plate 11 and the second conical steel plate 12 facilitate the bonding of the anchoring agent with the mixing head 1.

[0039] As a further description of the above embodiment, the rear end of the anchor cable 3 is detachably connected to the anchor drilling rig via a second connecting sleeve 4. One end of the second connecting sleeve 4 has a threaded circular inner contour, and the other end of the second connecting sleeve 4 has a quincunx shape adapted to the anchor cable 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, the plum blossom-shaped end of the second connecting sleeve 4 has the same plum blossom shape as the outer contour of the free end of the anchor cable 3. The anchor cable 3 can be inserted into the second connecting sleeve 4 and squeezed, thereby welding the anchor cable 3 and the second connecting sleeve 4 together to form an integral structure. The threaded end of the second connecting sleeve 4 is detachably connected to the anchor drilling machine, which facilitates the connection and disassembly of the screw drilling machine.

[0041] In summary, the mixing head at the front end of the anchor cable in this invention can fully mix and disperse the anchoring agent, thereby effectively shortening the prestressing application cycle of the prestressed anchor cable and achieving rapid and effective reinforcement of the support measures, thus realizing the reinforcement of the support measures for adverse geological surrounding rock. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0042] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A prestressed anchor cable structure for a soft rock tunnel with large deformation, comprising anchor cables (3), characterized in that: The outer wall of the anchor cable (3) is provided with several expansion structures (31) along its length direction. The front end of the anchor cable (3) is fixedly connected to a stirring head (1), and the rear end of the anchor cable (3) is detachably connected to an anchor drill.

2. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion structure (31) is an elliptical structure formed by the outward protrusion of the outer wall of the anchor cable (3).

3. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring head (1) includes a first conical steel plate (11) and a second conical steel plate (12). The first conical steel plate (11) has a slot in the middle along its height direction, and the second conical steel plate (12) is locked in the slot. The conical ends of the first conical steel plate (11) and the second conical steel plate (12) face the same direction.

4. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of the anchor cable (3) is connected to the stirring head (1) through the first connecting sleeve (2).

5. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the first conical steel plate (11) and the second conical steel plate (12) are fixedly connected with support legs (14), and a connecting groove (15) is formed between the four support legs (14). The outer wall of the first connecting sleeve (2) is inserted into the connecting groove (15) and welded to the support legs (14).

6. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the first conical steel plate (11) and the second conical steel plate (12) are provided with through holes (13).

7. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer contour of the first connecting sleeve (2) is circular, and the inner contour of the first connecting sleeve (2) is a plum blossom shape adapted to the anchor cable (3).

8. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the anchor cable (3) is detachably connected to the anchor drilling rig via a second connecting sleeve (4).

9. The prestressed anchor cable structure for soft rock large deformation tunnels according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner contour of one end of the second connecting sleeve (4) is a circle with threads, and the inner contour of the other end of the second connecting sleeve (4) is a plum blossom shape that is adapted to the anchor cable (3).

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