A fastener with adjustable tightness
By designing adjustable fasteners and utilizing the combination of friction and buffer components, the problem of plastic deformation or fracture caused by overtightening of hexagonal head bolts under long-term vibration conditions was solved, achieving stable connection and buffering effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HANDAN CITY YANZHAO FASTENERS MFR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing hexagonal head bolts may experience plastic deformation or breakage due to overtightening of the nut and bolt under long-term vibration.
An adjustable fastener is designed, including a screw, head, washer, first nut, second nut, friction component and buffer component. Through the cooperation of the friction component and buffer component, the friction plate and anti-slip texture generate a large friction force, which, combined with the disc spring and buffer pad, provides a buffering effect in a vibration environment.
It effectively prevents nuts and bolts from being overtightened, maintains a stable connection, avoids plastic deformation or breakage, and provides appropriate fastening force under long-term vibration, thereby improving connection reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224497069U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to the field of fastener technology, and more specifically, to a fastener with adjustable tightness. Background Technology
[0002] Fasteners are mechanical parts used to fasten two or more parts (or components) together into a whole. They play an indispensable role in fields such as machinery manufacturing and construction engineering. Their main function is to ensure the reliability, stability and disassembly of the connection. Hexagonal head bolts are widely used as fasteners.
[0003] In existing technology, hexagonal head bolts mainly clamp and fix two parts by the axial preload generated by the thread engagement. The axial distance between the bolt and nut is adjusted by turning the nut clockwise or counterclockwise, thereby adjusting the preload on the connected parts and achieving the purpose of tightness adjustment. However, when tightening the connected parts, the operator usually uses a wrench to turn the nut and judges the tightness based on experience, ensuring that the connected parts are not loose. However, for operators with different levels of experience, under normal circumstances, the nut and bolt may become too tight when adjusting the tightness. In a long-term vibration environment, this may lead to plastic deformation or breakage of the bolt. Utility Model Content
[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, embodiments of this disclosure provide a fastener with adjustable tightness to solve the technical problem in the prior art where excessive tightness between the nut and bolt may lead to plastic deformation or breakage of the bolt under long-term vibration.
[0005] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a fastener with adjustable tightness, including a fastener body. The fastener body includes a screw and a head. One end of the head is fixedly connected to a washer, and one end of the washer is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw. The fastener also includes a first nut, a second nut, a friction assembly, and a buffer assembly. The first nut has a first threaded hole that mates with the screw, and the first nut is threadedly engaged with the screw. The second nut has a second threaded hole that mates with the screw, and the second nut is threadedly engaged with the screw. The friction assembly is disposed within the first nut for fixing the first nut and the second nut relative to each other. The buffer assembly is disposed on the washer for engaging with the first nut to fasten the connected component.
[0006] Preferably, the friction assembly includes a first spring and a friction plate, the first nut has an annular groove, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, and one end of the friction plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring.
[0007] Furthermore, the buffer assembly includes a disc spring and a first abutment plate. One end of the disc spring passes through the screw and is fixedly connected to one end of the washer. One end of the first abutment plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the other end of the disc spring.
[0008] Furthermore, in order to generate greater friction between the second nut and the friction plate, a friction layer is provided at one end of the second nut.
[0009] As a further aspect of this application, in order to increase the friction between the friction pad and the friction layer, the friction pad is annular, and multiple anti-slip patterns are provided on the circumference of the other end of the friction pad.
[0010] As a further improvement in this application, in order to pre-fix the first nut and the second nut and to make the friction plate abut against the friction layer, slots are provided on both the first nut and the second nut, and insert plates are slidably disposed in the slots. One end of each of the two insert plates is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.
[0011] Based on the aforementioned solution, in order to increase the friction between the insert plate and the slot and prevent the insert plate from detaching from the slot, a rubber sleeve is fitted on the insert plate.
[0012] Furthermore, in order to buffer and tighten the connected parts, a buffer pad is fixedly provided at one end of the first nut, and a second abutment plate is fixedly connected at the other end of the buffer pad to cooperate with the first abutment plate to clamp and tighten the connected parts.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the embodiments disclosed herein are as follows:
[0014] 1. In this disclosure, through the cooperation of the first nut, the second nut, the friction assembly, the connecting plate and the insert plate, the friction layer is longitudinally abutted against the friction plate and multiple anti-slip patterns to keep the first nut stable. The second nut drives the friction layer to squeeze the friction plate, and the friction plate vertically squeezes the first spring. The first spring contracts and generates a reverse thrust, so that a large frictional force is generated between the first nut and the second nut. By holding the connecting plate, the two insert plates are inserted into the two slots respectively. After the rubber sleeve enters the slot, it deforms and abuts against the inner wall of the slot, "fixing" the first nut and the second nut. This ensures that a large frictional force is always generated between the first nut and the second nut through the friction layer and the friction plate. By setting the pre-tightening force in advance, it is possible to prevent the nut head and the screw from being over-tightened to the connected parts.
[0015] 2. In this disclosure, by providing a buffer assembly, one end of the screw passes through two or more connected parts (within the length of the screw), so that the first abutment plate abuts against the top of the connected parts. The first nut and the second nut, after being fixed, drive the second abutment plate to abut against the bottom of the connected parts through the threaded engagement with the screw. Then, the insert plate is removed, and by continuing to rotate the second nut, the second nut drives the first nut to rotate under the action of friction. The first nut drives the buffer pad and the second abutment plate to rotate and press against the connected parts. Through the contraction of the disc spring and the buffer pad, when the second nut is about to reach the target preload, the friction layer slides along the surface of the friction plate and multiple anti-slip textures. At this time, the fastening force on the connected parts is appropriate. Furthermore, by providing the disc spring and the buffer pad, the first nut and the fastener body can be buffered under long-term vibration environment. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and these drawings without any creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the fastener body and the buffer assembly in one embodiment of this disclosure.
[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the first nut, second nut, friction assembly, insert plate, and connecting plate mating in one embodiment of this disclosure;
[0020] Figure 4 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the first nut, the second nut, and the friction assembly in one embodiment of this disclosure.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Screw; 2. Head; 3. Washer; 4. First nut; 5. First threaded hole; 6. Second nut; 7. Second threaded hole; 8. First spring; 9. Annular groove; 10. Friction plate; 11. Disc spring; 12. First abutment plate; 13. Friction layer; 14. Anti-slip texture; 15. Slot; 16. Insert plate; 17. Connecting plate; 18. Rubber sleeve; 19. Buffer pad; 20. Second abutment plate. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
[0023] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the disclosure; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."
[0024] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.
[0025] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0026] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.
[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0028] like Figures 1-4As shown, it illustrates an adjustable fastener according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, including a fastener body, which is a hexagonal head bolt. The fastener body includes a screw 1 and a head 2. One end of the head 2 is fixedly connected to a washer 3. One end of the washer 3 is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw 1. It also includes a first nut 4, a second nut 6, a friction assembly, and a buffer assembly.
[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first nut 4 has a first threaded hole 5 that mates with the screw 1. The first nut 4 and the screw 1 are threaded together. The friction assembly is set inside the first nut 4 to fix the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 relative to each other. The friction assembly includes a first spring 8 and a friction plate 10. The first nut 4 has an annular groove 9. One end of the first spring 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 9. One end of the friction plate 10 is coaxially fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring 8. In order to increase the friction between the friction plate 10 and the friction layer 13, the friction plate 10 is annular. The other end of the friction plate 10 is provided with multiple anti-slip patterns 14. The cross-sectional area of the friction plate 10 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the annular groove 9.
[0030] It should be added that the other end of the first spring 8 is outside the annular groove 9. Therefore, during the process of squeezing the first spring 8 by pushing the friction plate 10, it is necessary to keep the first spring 8 contracting toward the annular groove 9 and avoid bending or deforming the first spring 8.
[0031] The second nut 6 has a second threaded hole 7 that mates with the screw 1. The second nut 6 is threaded with the screw 1. In order to generate a large frictional force between the second nut 6 and the friction plate 10, a friction layer 13 is provided at one end of the second nut 6. By driving the second nut 6 to correspond with the first nut 4, the friction layer 13 abuts against the friction plate 10. The friction layer 13 abuts against multiple anti-slip patterns 14 longitudinally. By continuing to press the second nut 6 towards the first nut 4, the second nut 6 drives the friction layer 13 to squeeze the friction plate 10. The friction plate 10 squeezes the first spring 8 vertically. The first spring 8 contracts and generates a reverse thrust, which generates a large frictional force between the first nut 4 and the second nut 6, making it difficult for the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 to rotate laterally.
[0032] like Figure 3As shown, in order to pre-fix the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 and to make the friction plate 10 abut against the friction layer 13, slots 15 are provided on both the first nut 4 and the second nut 6. Insert plates 16 are slidably disposed in the slots 15. One end of each insert plate 16 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 17. In order to increase the friction between the insert plate 16 and the slot 15 and to prevent the insert plate 16 from detaching from the slot 15, a rubber sleeve 18 is fitted on the insert plate 16. When a large friction is generated between the first nut 4 and the second nut 6, the distance between the two slots 15 and the two insert plates 16 on the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 is the same. By holding the connecting plate 17 and moving it toward the slot 15, the two insert plates 16 are inserted into the two slots 15 respectively. After the rubber sleeve 18 enters the slot 15, it deforms and abuts against the inner wall of the slot 15. The first nut 4 and the second nut 6 are "fixed" by the two insert plates 16 and the connecting plate 17, so that the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 always generate a large friction through the friction layer 13 and the friction plate 10.
[0033] It should be added that when the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 maintain a large frictional force and are "fixed" by the connecting plate 17 and the two insert plates 16, the lateral frictional force between the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 is the same as the target preload force on the connected parts. At this time, the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 can be threaded into the screw 1 in sequence to "fix" the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 on the screw 1.
[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the buffer assembly is mounted on the gasket 3 and is used to fasten the connected parts in conjunction with the first nut 4. The buffer assembly includes a disc spring 11 and a first abutment plate 12. One end of the disc spring 11 passes through the screw 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the gasket 3. One end of the first abutment plate 12 is coaxially fixedly connected to the other end of the disc spring 11. In order to buffer and fasten the connected parts, a buffer pad 19 is fixedly provided on one end of the first nut 4. The buffer pad 19 is annular, and the other end of the buffer pad 19 is fixedly connected to a second abutment plate 20, which is used to clamp and fasten the connected parts in conjunction with the first abutment plate 12. One end of the screw 1 passes through two or more connected parts (within the length of the screw 1), so that the first abutment plate 12 abuts against the top of the connected parts. The first nut 4 and the second nut 6, after being fixed, are connected to the screw 1. With threaded engagement, the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 move sequentially along the screw 1 toward the head 2. The second abutment plate 20 on the first nut 4 abuts against the bottom end of the connected part. Then, the insert plate 16 is removed. By continuing to rotate the second nut 6, the second nut 6 drives the first nut 4 to rotate under the action of friction. The first nut 4 drives the buffer pad 19 and the second abutment plate 20 to rotate and press against the connected part. Through the contraction of the disc spring 11 and the buffer pad 19, elastic potential energy is stored. When the second nut 6 is about to reach the target preload, the friction layer 13 slides along the surface of the friction plate 10 and multiple anti-slip patterns 14. At this time, the fastening force on the connected part is appropriate. And by setting the disc spring 11 and the buffer pad 19, the first nut 4 and the fastener body can be buffered under long-term vibration environment.
[0035] Working principle: When this adjustable fastener tightens the connected parts, it drives the second nut 6 to correspond with the first nut 4, so that the friction layer 13 abuts against the friction plate 10 and multiple anti-slip patterns 14 longitudinally, keeping the first nut 4 stable. By continuing to press the second nut 6 towards the first nut 4, the second nut 6 drives the friction layer 13 to squeeze the friction plate 10. The friction plate 10 squeezes the first spring 8 vertically, and the first spring 8 contracts and generates a reverse thrust, so that a large frictional force is generated between the first nut 4 and the second nut 6, making it difficult for the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 to rotate laterally. By moving the connecting plate 17 towards the slot 15 and inserting the two insert plates 16 into the two slots 15 respectively, the rubber sleeve 18 deforms after entering the slot 15 and abuts against the inner wall of the slot 15. The two insert plates 16 and the connecting plate 17 "fix" the first nut 4 and the second nut 6, so that a large frictional force is always generated between the first nut 4 and the second nut 6 through the friction layer 13 and the friction plate 10.
[0036] One end of the screw 1 passes through two or more connected parts (within the length of the screw 1), so that the first abutment plate 12 abuts against the top of the connected part. The first nut 4 and the second nut 6, after being fixed, are threaded together with the screw 1. The first nut 4 and the second nut 6 move sequentially along the screw 1 toward the head 2. The second abutment plate 20 on the first nut 4 abuts against the bottom of the connected part. Then the insert plate 16 is removed. By continuing to rotate the second nut 6, the second nut 6 drives the first nut 4 to rotate under the action of friction. The first nut 4 drives the buffer pad 19 and the second abutment plate 20 to rotate and press against the connected part. Through the contraction of the disc spring 11 and the buffer pad 19, elastic potential energy is stored. When the second nut 6 is about to reach the target preload, the friction layer 13 slides along the surface of the friction plate 10 and multiple anti-slip patterns 14. At this time, the fastening force on the connected part is appropriate. And by setting the disc spring 11 and the buffer pad 19, the first nut 4 and the fastener body can be buffered under long-term vibration environment.
[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this disclosure, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this disclosure.
Claims
1. A fastener with adjustable tightness, comprising a fastener body, the fastener body including a screw (1) and a head (2), one end of the head (2) being fixedly connected to a washer (3), one end of the washer (3) being coaxially fixedly connected to the screw (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The first nut (4) has a first threaded hole (5) that mates with the screw (1), and the first nut (4) is threadedly engaged with the screw (1); The second nut (6) has a second threaded hole (7) that mates with the screw (1), and the second nut (6) is threadedly engaged with the screw (1); A friction assembly is disposed inside the first nut (4) for fixing the first nut (4) and the second nut (6) relative to each other; A buffer assembly is disposed on the gasket (3) for use in conjunction with the first nut (4) to fasten the connected parts.
2. The adjustable fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction assembly includes: The first spring (8) has an annular groove (9) on the first nut (4), and one end of the first spring (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove (9). Friction plate (10), one end of which is coaxially fixedly connected to the other end of the first spring (8).
3. The adjustable fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer component includes: A disc spring (11), one end of which passes through the screw (1) and is fixedly connected to one end of the washer (3); The first abutment plate (12) has one end fixedly connected to the other end of the disc spring (11) on the same axis.
4. The adjustable fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second nut (6) has a friction layer (13) at one end.
5. The adjustable fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, The friction plate (10) is annular, and multiple anti-slip patterns (14) are provided on the circumference of the other end of the friction plate (10).
6. The adjustable fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first nut (4) and the second nut (6) have slots (15), and insert plates (16) are slidably arranged in the slots (15). One end of each insert plate (16) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (17).
7. The adjustable fastener according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rubber sleeve (18) is fitted onto the insert plate (16).
8. The adjustable fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that, A buffer pad (19) is fixedly provided at one end of the first nut (4), and a second abutment plate (20) is fixedly connected at the other end of the buffer pad (19) to clamp and fasten the connected parts in conjunction with the first abutment plate (12).