Quick conversion structure of forward and reverse transmission

Abstract

The utility model relates to gear box connection technical field, and disclose a kind of positive and negative transmission quick conversion structure, including the gear box of inside being provided with driving shaft, driving shaft is connected with output shaft by transmission joint, transmission joint includes the driving joint of sliding installation on driving shaft and the output joint of installation on output shaft, driving joint is provided with two groups and above protruding meshing tooth along its axial direction, output joint is provided with two groups and above meshing tooth engagement tooth meshing with meshing tooth along its axial direction;Gear box is also rotatably installed with the quick connection shift fork structure of control driving joint sliding along axial direction;The utility model greatly improves installation precision and the stability of transmission, greatly shortens connection time, effectively prevents local wear and tear such as pitting or crack at the same time, prolongs component service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gearbox connection technology, specifically a quick-change structure for forward and reverse transmission. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural machinery, the gearbox, as the core hub and key conversion device of the power transmission system, plays a crucial role in efficiently converting the high-speed, low-torque power output from the engine into the low-speed, high-torque power required for implement operation through precise internal gear meshing. The gearbox output typically employs a standardized splined shaft, which not only ensures quick and stable connection with various implements such as rotary tillers, seeding discs, and harvesting rollers, achieving lossless power transmission, but also significantly improves the modularity and adaptability of agricultural machinery. This allows farmers to easily change different implements according to operational needs, significantly enhancing the versatility and operational efficiency of agricultural machinery.

[0003] However, traditional toothed drive structures have some drawbacks, especially in complex field operations. For example, the agricultural drive device and related tools proposed in Chinese patent CN201010156328.4 include an engine that transmits power to a power output device for connecting the tool. This power output device includes a drive shaft with multiple toothed protrusions for detachable connection to mating protrusions on the tool. However, during use, this interface is prone to misalignment due to angular deviations during installation, compounded by geometric errors caused by manufacturing tolerances, resulting in pitting, cracking, and localized wear on the tooth surface. Furthermore, high-frequency vibrations from tractors traveling on rough roads or tilling hard soil, sudden load changes when the implement encounters obstacles, and residual radial clearance from the initial meshing can all lead to radial loosening or even accidental disengagement, causing unstable power transmission. Additionally, significant force is required to manually separate the drive shaft and tool during disengagement, resulting in low efficiency when frequently changing agricultural devices. This disengagement method also leads to tooth wear. Utility Model Content

[0004] (I) Technical problem to be solved: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a quick conversion structure for forward and reverse transmission, which has the advantages of quick disassembly and assembly of the drive shaft and output shaft and stable connection, and solves the problems of poor connection stability and cumbersome disassembly and assembly of the drive shaft and output shaft in the existing equipment.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution: To achieve the purpose of quick disassembly and assembly and stable connection between the drive shaft and the output shaft, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a quick conversion structure for forward and reverse transmission, including a gearbox with a drive shaft inside, the drive shaft being connected to an output shaft through a transmission joint, the transmission joint including a drive joint slidably mounted on the drive shaft and an output joint mounted on the output shaft, the drive joint having two or more sets of protruding meshing teeth along its axial direction, and the output joint having two or more sets of engaging teeth that mesh with the meshing teeth along its axial direction; the gearbox is also rotatably mounted with a quick-connect shift fork structure for controlling the sliding of the drive joint in the axial direction; during transmission, by shifting the quick-connect shift fork structure, the engaging teeth mesh with the meshing teeth, and the drive shaft drives the output shaft to rotate.

[0006] Preferably, the quick-connect fork structure is circumferentially slidably connected to the drive connector and axially fixed; by moving the quick-connect fork structure, the drive connector is driven to slide axially, so that the meshing teeth and the engagement teeth are axially engaged or disengaged.

[0007] Preferably, two or more sets of meshing teeth are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the drive connector, and two or more sets of engaging teeth are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the output connector.

[0008] Preferably, the top surface of the meshing tooth and the root surface of the engaging tooth are both matching wavy meshing surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the output connector is larger than the diameter of the engagement tooth, and the diameter of the engagement tooth is equal to the diameter of the meshing tooth and the drive connector. The output connector end face is provided with an annular limiting groove. A limiting block is provided inside the outer side of the tooth tip of the meshing tooth. The limiting block is connected to the quick-connect shift fork structure via a connecting rod. An inclined groove for axial sliding of the limiting block is provided on the outer side of the tooth tip of the meshing tooth. The diameter of the inclined groove varies along the axial direction of the meshing tooth, with the diameter near the tooth tip being smaller than the diameter away from the tooth tip. The limiting block and the connecting rod are connected by a radially elastic telescopic rod, and a telescopic spring is provided between the limiting block and the inclined groove. When the connecting rod drives the limiting block to move axially inward, the change in the diameter of the inclined groove causes the limiting block to move radially outward. When the drive shaft rotates, centrifugal force drives the limiting block to insert into the annular limiting groove. When the connecting rod drives the limiting block to move axially outward, the inclined groove forces the limiting block to move radially inward and disengage from the limiting groove.

[0010] Preferably, the tail of the connecting rod is provided with a dial ring, which is slidably connected to the drive connector. When the quick-connect fork structure is moved, the dial ring moves axially. When the quick-connect fork structure is moved inward, the dial ring moves axially outward. When the quick-connect fork structure is moved outward, the dial ring moves axially inward.

[0011] Preferably, both sides of the meshing teeth and the engaging teeth are beveled and have an overall shape that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing rod is also fixedly installed on the gearbox, and a return spring is provided between the fixing rod and the quick-connect shift fork structure. When the drive connector and the output connector are not engaged, the quick-connect shift fork structure is moved to make the drive connector axially approach the output connector for engagement. When the quick-connect shift fork structure is released, the return spring pulls the quick-connect shift fork structure to return to its original position, so that the drive connector axially moves away from the output connector and drives the output connector axially towards the gearbox.

[0013] (III) Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a quick conversion structure for forward and reverse transmission, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure, through the combined use of meshing tooth structure and engagement tooth structure, greatly improves installation accuracy and transmission stability. The continuous undulating contour of the wave-shaped meshing surface can automatically correct angular deviations, avoiding the need for manual intervention and significantly shortening connection time. At the same time, this wave can disperse the contact stress of the tooth surface, effectively preventing local wear such as pitting or cracks, extending the service life of components. Furthermore, the narrow upper and wide lower slope forms a self-locking mechanism during axial propulsion, and the guiding force of the slope maintains tight contact of the tooth surface, eliminating the risk of radial loosening and ensuring efficient and reliable power transmission.

[0015] 2. This forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure, through the cooperation of the quick-connect shift fork structure and the transmission joint structure, achieves dynamic elimination of axial clearance between the meshing teeth and the engagement teeth, solving the problem of insufficient meshing caused by initial installation or wear. It utilizes the axial component of the pressure decomposed from the meshing teeth to push the engagement teeth inward, while the radial component maintains the tooth surface contact, automatically compensating for manufacturing tolerances or operational deviations, greatly improving transmission efficiency, reducing abnormal noise and energy loss, and ensuring continuous and stable power transmission. Furthermore, during disengagement, the quick-connect shift fork structure, in conjunction with the inner and outer shifting actions, achieves rapid disengagement, avoiding the jamming or secondary adjustment requirements caused by residual clearance in traditional structures, and optimizing the ease of disassembly and assembly of the front-end functional modules of agricultural machinery.

[0016] 3. This forward and reverse transmission quick-change structure achieves automatic mechanical locking in the transmission state through the cooperation of a limit block structure and a quick-connect shift fork structure. During engagement, the inclined groove converts the axial movement of the limit block into radial expansion. Combined with the rotational centrifugal force, the limit block is driven to insert into the annular limit groove, forming a reliable lock and preventing accidental disengagement under high-speed or vibration conditions. During disengagement, the inclined groove forces the limit block to radially contract and disengage from the limit groove. In conjunction with the drive connector, it pushes the output connector outward, achieving one-button unlocking. The elastic telescopic rod and telescopic spring design absorb dynamic loads, ensuring smooth and reliable locking and unlocking processes and avoiding damage from hard collisions. At the same time, this structure requires no external power source, improving safety while simplifying operation. It is suitable for harsh environments where agricultural equipment is frequently replaced. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the quick-connect structure of the agricultural machinery front-end functional module in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the drive connector structure of the quick-connect structure of the agricultural machinery front-end functional module in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick-connect structure of the front-end functional module for agricultural machinery in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transmission joint structure of the quick-connect structure of the agricultural machinery front-end functional module in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front view of the transmission joint structure of the quick-connect structure of the agricultural machinery front-end functional module in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wavy meshing surface of the quick-connect structure of the agricultural machinery front-end functional module in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting block structure of the quick-connect structure of the front-end functional module of agricultural machinery in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the limiting block structure of the quick-connect structure of the front-end functional module of agricultural machinery in this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Gearbox; 2. Drive shaft; 3. Transmission joint; 31. Drive joint; 311. Meshing teeth; 312. Inclined groove; 32. Output joint; 321. Engaging teeth; 322. Limiting groove; 4. Limiting block; 41. Telescopic rod; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Telescopic spring; 44. Shift ring; 5. Quick-connect shift fork structure; 6. Fixed rod; 7. Return spring; 8. Wavy meshing surface. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-8 A quick-response transmission conversion structure includes a gearbox 1 with a drive shaft 2 internally mounted. The drive shaft 2 is connected to an output shaft via a transmission joint 3. The transmission joint 3 includes a drive joint 31 slidably mounted on the drive shaft 2 and an output joint 32 mounted on the output shaft. The drive joint 31 has two or more sets of protruding meshing teeth 311 along its axial direction, and the output joint 32 has two or more sets of engaging teeth 321 along its axial direction. The multiple sets of protruding meshing teeth 311 and the corresponding multiple sets of engaging teeth 321 on the output joint 32 aim to achieve load distribution and redundant meshing. Traditional single-tooth structures are prone to wear or failure under high-speed, heavy-load conditions due to localized stress concentration. Simultaneous meshing of multiple sets of teeth disperses the transmitted torque to multiple contact surfaces, significantly improving load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the multiple sets of teeth form a redundant backup mechanism; even if a single set of teeth fails due to wear or foreign object jamming, the remaining sets of teeth can still maintain power transmission, enhancing system reliability. The gearbox 1 is also rotatably mounted with a quick-connect shift fork structure 5 that controls the drive joint 31 to slide in the axial direction; during transmission, the quick-connect shift fork structure 5 is moved to make the engagement tooth 321 mesh with the meshing tooth 311, and the drive shaft 2 drives the output shaft to rotate.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-8The quick-connect fork structure 5 is circumferentially slidably connected to the drive connector 31 and axially fixed. By moving the quick-connect fork structure 5, the drive connector 31 is driven to slide axially, causing the meshing teeth 311 and the engagement teeth 321 to engage or disengage axially. Two or more sets of meshing teeth 311 are equidistantly arranged circumferentially along the drive connector 31, and two or more sets of engagement teeth 321 are equidistantly arranged circumferentially along the output connector 32. When the drive shaft 2 rotates at high speed, the equidistantly distributed tooth sets can ensure uniform mass distribution, eliminate eccentric vibration caused by centrifugal force, and prevent transmission jitter or abnormal noise. Furthermore, the equidistant design ensures that each tooth contacts the engagement teeth 321 synchronously, avoiding off-center load impact caused by phase difference and ensuring smooth power transmission. The tooth tip surface of the meshing teeth 311 and the tooth root surface of the engagement teeth 321 are both matching wavy meshing surfaces 8. Both sides of the meshing teeth 311 and the engagement teeth 321 are beveled and have an overall shape that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. A fixing rod 6 is also fixedly installed on the gearbox 1. A return spring 7 is provided between the fixing rod 6 and the quick-connect fork structure 5. When the drive connector 31 and the output connector 32 are not engaged, the quick-connect fork structure 5 is moved to make the drive connector 31 axially approach the output connector 32 to engage. When the quick-connect fork structure 5 is released, the return spring 7 pulls the quick-connect fork structure 5 to return to its original position, so that the drive connector 31 axially moves away from the output connector 32 and drives the output connector 32 axially towards the gearbox 1.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-8The diameter of the output connector 32 is larger than the diameter of the engagement tooth 321. The diameter of the engagement tooth 321 is equal to the diameter of the meshing tooth 311 and the drive connector 31. This allows the limiting groove 322 to enclose the drive connector 31 after the drive connector 31 is fully connected to the output connector 32, thus allowing the subsequent limiting block 4 to be inserted into the limiting groove 322. The end face of the output connector 32 is provided with an annular limiting groove 322. The outer side of the tooth tip of the meshing tooth 311 is provided with a limiting block 4. The limiting block 4 is connected to the quick-connect shift fork structure 5 through the connecting rod 42. The outer side of the tooth tip of the meshing tooth 311 is provided with an inclined groove 312 for the axial sliding of the limiting block 4. The diameter of the inclined groove 312 varies along the axial direction of the meshing teeth 311. The diameter of the inclined groove 312 near the tooth tip of the meshing teeth 311 is smaller than the diameter away from the tooth tip. The limiting block 4 and the connecting rod 42 are connected by a radially elastic telescopic rod 41, and a telescopic spring 43 is provided between the limiting block 4 and the inclined groove 312. When the connecting rod 42 drives the limiting block 4 to move axially inward, the change in the diameter of the inclined groove 312 causes the limiting block 4 to move radially outward. When the drive shaft rotates, the centrifugal force drives the limiting block 4 to insert into the annular limiting groove 322. When the connecting rod 42 drives the limiting block 4 to move axially outward, the inclined groove 312 forces the limiting block 4 to move radially inward and disengage from the limiting groove 322. The tail of the connecting rod 42 is provided with a dial ring 44, which is slidably connected to the drive connector 31. When the quick-connect fork structure 5 is moved, the dial ring 44 moves axially. When the quick-connect fork structure 5 is moved inward, the dial ring 44 moves axially outward. When the quick-connect fork structure 5 is moved outward, the dial ring 44 moves axially inward.

[0030] Working Principle: During use, the quick-connect fork structure 5 drives the drive connector 31 to slide axially, allowing the meshing teeth 311 of the drive connector 31 and the engaging teeth 321 of the output connector 32 to achieve initial engagement and positioning through the wavy meshing surface 8. The narrow upper and wide lower inclined surface structure of the meshing teeth 311 and the engaging teeth 321 creates a self-locking effect during axial advancement, and the inclined surface guides the teeth to fit tightly, preventing radial loosening. During transmission, the rotational power of the drive shaft 2 is transmitted through the inclined surface of the meshing teeth 311 to the engaging teeth 321, driving the output shaft to rotate synchronously. The wavy meshing surface 8 disperses the contact stress on the tooth surfaces, avoiding wear caused by stress concentration. During separation, the quick-connect fork structure 5 drives the drive connector 31 to withdraw axially, and the narrow upper and wide lower tooth-shaped inclined surface guides the meshing teeth 311 and the engaging teeth 321 to smoothly disengage. At the same time, the return spring 7 pulls the quick-connect fork structure 5 to automatically return, and the drive connector 31 completely disengages from the output connector 32, achieving non-destructive and rapid separation. This process achieves efficient power transmission and rapid assembly / disassembly between drive shaft 2 and output shaft through purely mechanical engagement and disassembly actions, without the intervention of any additional locking structure. The output shaft is connected to an agricultural device.

[0031] When using the quick-connect fork structure 5, it controls the axial movement of the drive connector 31 to achieve rapid engagement even when there is an axial gap between the drive connector 31 and the output connector 32. When there is an axial gap between the output connector 32 and the drive connector 31 (i.e., an axial gap between the meshing teeth 311 and the engagement teeth 321), the inner quick-connect fork structure 5 drives the drive connector 31 to move axially closer to the output connector 32, thereby reducing the axial gap between the meshing teeth 311 and the engagement teeth 321. Subsequently, by activating the drive shaft 2, the drive connector 31 drives the output connector 32 to rotate, gradually releasing the quick-connect fork structure 5. The tension generated by the return spring 7 gradually returns the drive connector 31 to its axial position. During the process, since the meshing teeth 311 and the engaging teeth 321 mesh with each other and rotate in a mutual transmission manner, the pressure formed on the meshing teeth 311 side of the meshing teeth 311 and the engaging teeth 321 can cause the meshing teeth 311 to drive the engaging teeth 321 to move axially inward. This pressure is decomposed into axial and radial components along the tooth surface helical angle. The radial component pushes the engaging teeth 321 to move axially inward, closer to the gearbox 1, while the radial component maintains the tight fit of the tooth surfaces, thereby reducing the axial clearance generated between the meshing teeth 311 and the engaging teeth 321 during installation. When it is necessary to remove the output shaft, the drive shaft 2 needs to stop rotating, and the inner quick-connect fork structure 5 drives the drive connector 31 to move axially outward, simultaneously pushing the output connector 32. Subsequently, the outer quick-connect fork structure 5 moves the drive connector 31 axially inward away from the output connector 32, thereby achieving rapid separation of the drive connector 31 and the output connector 32.

[0032] During meshing and transmission, the wavy meshing surface 8 achieves a self-guiding mechanism through its continuously undulating wave profile. When the drive connector 31 advances axially, the wavy tooth tip surface of the meshing tooth 311 and the wavy tooth root surface of the engaging tooth 321 automatically correct angular deviations through geometric matching, allowing the tooth surface to accurately engage under multi-point contact guidance. This process completes the meshing positioning without manual adjustment, significantly simplifying the operation process and shortening the connection time. Simultaneously, during transmission, the wavy contour of the wavy meshing evenly distributes contact stress, effectively avoiding single-point impacts of traditional planar tooth surfaces, greatly improving positioning stability and preventing localized wear such as pitting or cracks caused by stress concentration. Furthermore, the wave geometry adaptive characteristics of the wavy meshing can compensate for manufacturing tolerances, automatically correcting minor deviations during axial advancement. The redundant constraints formed after meshing prevent accidental disengagement in an incomplete meshing state, greatly improving the meshing efficiency of the drive connector 31 and the output connector 32.

[0033] The limiting block 4 is located inside the outer side of the meshing teeth 311 of the drive connector 31 and is connected to the quick-connect shift fork structure 5 via the connecting rod 42. A sloping groove 312 is formed on the outer side of the tooth tip of the meshing teeth 311. The diameter of this sloping groove 312 varies axially: the diameter is smaller near the tooth tip and larger further away. The limiting block 4 is connected to the connecting rod 42 via a radially elastic telescopic rod 41 and is equipped with a telescopic spring 43 to maintain the limiting block 4 in an elastic state within the sloping groove 312. The end face of the output connector 32 has an annular limiting groove 322 to accommodate the insertion of the limiting block 4. During engagement, when the quick-connect shift fork structure 5 is actuated inwards, the connecting rod 42 drives the limiting block 4 to move axially outwards. Due to the change in the diameter of the sloping groove 312, the limiting block 4 moves axially outwards while being pushed radially inwards by the groove wall. This causes the meshing teeth 311 to engage with the engagement teeth 321. Subsequently, the drive shaft 2 begins to rotate, and simultaneously, the quick-connect fork structure 5 moves outward, causing the connecting rod 42 to move the limiting block 4 axially inward. As the limiting block 4 moves axially inward, it is pushed radially outward by the groove wall. Furthermore, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drive shaft 2 further drives the limiting block 4 radially outward, ensuring it is fully inserted into the annular limiting groove 322 of the output connector 32, forming a mechanical lock. This process ensures that the meshing teeth 311 and engagement teeth 321 are tightly engaged in the transmission state, preventing radial loosening. During the separation process, the quick-connect fork structure 5 moves inward, causing the connecting rod 42 to move the limiting block 4 axially outward. The change in the diameter of the inclined groove 312 forces the limiting block 4 to contract radially inward, completely disengaging it from the annular limiting groove 322. The limit block 4 is disconnected from the limit groove 322. At the same time, in this process, the drive connector 31 pushes the output connector 32 outward along the axis to achieve rapid unlocking.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quick-change structure for forward and reverse transmission, comprising a gearbox (1) with a drive shaft (2) internally disposed therein, wherein the drive shaft (2) is connected to an output shaft via a transmission joint (3), the transmission joint (3) comprising a drive joint (31) slidably mounted on the drive shaft (2) and an output joint (32) mounted on the output shaft, wherein the drive joint (31) has two or more sets of protruding meshing teeth (311) arranged along its axial direction, characterized in that: The output connector (32) is provided with two or more sets of engagement teeth (321) that mesh with the engagement teeth (311) along its axial direction. The gearbox (1) is also rotatably mounted with a quick-connect shift fork structure (5) that controls the sliding of the drive connector (31) in the axial direction. During transmission, the engagement teeth (321) mesh with the engagement teeth (311) by shifting the quick-connect shift fork structure (5), and the drive shaft (2) drives the output shaft to rotate.

2. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-connect fork structure (5) is circumferentially slidably connected to the drive connector (31) and axially fixedly connected; by moving the quick-connect fork structure (5), the drive connector (31) is driven to slide axially, so that the meshing teeth (311) and the engagement teeth (321) are axially engaged or disengaged.

3. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two or more sets of meshing teeth (311) are equidistantly arranged circumferentially along the drive connector (31), and two or more sets of engagement teeth (321) are equidistantly arranged circumferentially along the output connector (32).

4. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the meshing tooth (311) and the root surface of the engaging tooth (321) are both matching wavy meshing surfaces (8).

5. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the output connector (32) is larger than the diameter of the engagement tooth (321), and the diameter of the engagement tooth (321) is equal to the diameter of the meshing tooth (311) and the drive connector (31). The end face of the output connector (32) is provided with an annular limiting groove (322). The meshing tooth (311) has a limiting block (4) inside on the outer side of the tooth tip. The limiting block (4) is connected to the quick-connect shift fork structure (5) through a connecting rod (42). The meshing tooth (311) has a sloping groove (312) on the outer side of the tooth tip for the limiting block (4) to slide axially. The diameter of the sloping groove (312) changes along the axial direction of the meshing tooth (311). The sloping groove (312) is close to the meshing tooth (311). The diameter at the tooth tip position is smaller than the diameter away from the tooth tip position. The limiting block (4) and the connecting rod (42) are connected by a radially elastic telescopic rod (41), and a telescopic spring (43) is provided between the limiting block (4) and the inclined groove (312). When the connecting rod (42) drives the limiting block (4) to move axially inward, the change in the diameter of the inclined groove (312) causes the limiting block (4) to move radially outward. When the transmission shaft rotates, the centrifugal force drives the limiting block (4) to insert into the annular limiting groove (322). When the connecting rod (42) drives the limiting block (4) to move axially outward, the inclined groove (312) forces the limiting block (4) to move radially inward and disengage from the limiting groove (322).

6. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tail of the connecting rod (42) is provided with a dial ring (44), which is slidably connected to the drive connector (31). When the quick-connect fork structure (5) is moved, the dial ring (44) moves axially. When the quick-connect fork structure (5) is moved inward, the dial ring (44) moves axially outward. When the quick-connect fork structure (5) is moved outward, the dial ring (44) moves axially inward.

7. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the meshing teeth (311) and the engaging teeth (321) are inclined surfaces and have an overall shape that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

8. The forward and reverse transmission quick conversion structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing rod (6) is also fixedly installed on the gearbox (1). A return spring (7) is provided between the fixing rod (6) and the quick-connect fork structure (5). When the drive connector (31) and the output connector (32) are not engaged, the quick-connect fork structure (5) is moved to make the drive connector (31) axially close to the output connector (32) for engagement. When the quick-connect fork structure (5) is released, the return spring (7) pulls the quick-connect fork structure (5) to return to its original position, so that the drive connector (31) axially moves away from the output connector (32) and drives the output connector (32) axially close to the gearbox (1).

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