Biomass gasification heating system

Abstract

The application relates to a biomass gasification heating system and relates to the field of biomass gasification heating systems. The biomass gasification heating system comprises a gasification furnace and a matched gas boiler. A feeding assembly is connected to a feeding port of the gasification furnace, and an air draught fan is installed at an exhaust port of the gasification furnace. The air draught fan extends into a combustion chamber of the gas boiler through a gas pipeline. An external energy supply pipeline and an exhaust gas pipeline are fixedly installed on the gas boiler. A coal economizer is connected to the exhaust gas pipeline. The biomass gasification heating system has the advantages that the feeding efficiency is improved through the feeding assembly, the stable operation of the gasification furnace is ensured, the safety of the gas boiler is improved through the flameout detection device and the explosion-proof furnace door, the exhaust gas heat is recovered through the coal economizer, the energy consumption is reduced, the exhaust gas is effectively purified through the purification chimney arranged at the tail end, and the pollutant emission is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of biomass gasification heating systems, and in particular to a biomass gasification heating system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country is the world's largest energy consumer, accounting for 23% of global energy consumption. Compared with other countries, my country has relatively abundant mineral energy reserves, but its per capita energy consumption is only about half of the world average. In terms of energy consumption structure, my country is one of the world's largest coal producers and consumers, and one of the few countries that relies heavily on coal as its primary energy source. Coal accounts for approximately 75% of commercial energy consumption, making it a major source of air pollution in my country.

[0003] Located at the end of the Hebei North Power Grid, the Saibei Management Area currently relies primarily on fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas for energy consumption, in addition to electricity. The area mainly uses coal, biogas, natural gas, and biomass fuels for urban heating and industrial production. Natural gas, the primary energy source in the area, is supplied via LNG tankers, resulting in high energy costs and poor supply stability.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors found that existing energy supply costs are high and their environmental performance is poor, failing to meet the increasing demand for energy heating. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to meet the demand for stable and low-cost heating, this application provides a biomass gasification heating system.

[0006] The biomass gasification heating system provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A biomass gasification heating system includes a gasifier and a matching gas boiler. The gasifier has a feeding assembly connected to its inlet and an induced draft fan installed at its exhaust outlet. The induced draft fan extends into the combustion chamber of the gas boiler through a gas pipeline. An external power supply pipe and a flue pipe are fixedly installed on the gas boiler. An economizer is connected to the flue pipe, and the economizer is connected to a purification chimney through the induced draft assembly.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the feeding assembly ensures that biomass can smoothly enter the gasifier, improving feeding efficiency and guaranteeing the continuous and stable operation of the gasifier. The induced draft fan introduces the gas generated by the gasifier into the combustion chamber of the gas boiler, ensuring complete combustion and improving energy utilization. The economizer recovers heat from the flue gas and preheats the water entering the boiler, reducing energy consumption and improving the system's thermal efficiency. The purification chimney purifies the flue gas, reducing pollutant emissions and protecting the environment.

[0009] Optionally, the gas boiler is equipped with a flameout detection device and an openable explosion-proof furnace door.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, the flameout detection device can monitor the combustion status of the gas-fired boiler in real time. In the event of flameout, it can promptly issue an alarm and take corresponding measures to prevent gas leaks from causing safety accidents. The operable explosion-proof furnace door can promptly release pressure when the internal pressure of the boiler abnormally increases, preventing boiler explosions and improving the safety of the gas-fired boiler.

[0011] Optionally, the purification chimney includes a movable base, a purification bottom shell, and a flue shell. The purification bottom shell is vertically installed at the center of the upper surface of the movable base and is fixedly connected to the movable base. The flue shell is inserted into the head of the purification bottom shell and is sealed and fixedly connected to the purification bottom shell. A purification component is also installed in the purification bottom shell, and a liquid supply pump connected to the purification component is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable base. A liquid supply bend is installed at the outlet of the liquid supply pump.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, the mobile housing facilitates the movement and installation of the purification chimney, improving the flexibility of the equipment. The combined structure of the purification base and the exhaust casing provides installation space for the purification components while ensuring smooth exhaust. The liquid supply pump and liquid supply bend supply the purification components with purification liquid, enabling the purification components to effectively purify the flue gas. Additionally, a corresponding liquid recovery tank can be installed in the mobile housing for efficient collection of liquid after spraying.

[0013] Optionally, the movable housing includes an outer housing and a set of movable wheels. The set of movable wheels is evenly installed on the four corners of the lower end face of the outer housing, and the set of movable wheels is rotatably connected to the outer housing.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable wheel set enables the movable housing to be moved easily, facilitating the adjustment and maintenance of the purification chimney position and improving the operability of the equipment.

[0015] Optionally, the side of the purification base is provided with a smoke inlet pipe connected to the air intake assembly, and the smoke inlet pipe is integrally formed with the purification base.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas inlet pipe and the purification bottom shell are integrally formed, which ensures the airtightness of the flue gas entering the purification bottom shell, reduces the possibility of flue gas leakage, and improves the purification efficiency.

[0017] Optionally, the purification assembly includes a central pipe assembly, a ring spray base, and a mesh box. The ring spray base is sleeved and fixed on the central pipe assembly, and the mesh box is installed at the lower end of the ring spray base and is fixedly connected to the ring spray base.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the combined structure of the central tube assembly, the ring spray base, and the mesh box enables the purification liquid to be sprayed evenly into the flue gas, increasing the contact area between the purification liquid and the flue gas and improving the purification effect. At the same time, the mesh box is used to place packing material to further enhance the purification effect.

[0019] Optionally, the central pipe assembly includes a central vertical pipe and side drain pipes, the head of the central vertical pipe is connected to the liquid supply bend, and the side drain pipes are sealed to both sides of the central vertical pipe.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the central vertical pipe and the side drainage pipe enables the purification liquid to be smoothly delivered to the ring spray seat, ensuring the normal operation of the nozzle and improving the stability of the purification component.

[0021] Optionally, the annular spray holder includes an annular shell and a nozzle. The annular shell is sealed to the lower end face of the side drain pipe, and the nozzle is evenly installed on the inner side of the annular shell, with the nozzle outlet tilted downwards.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the nozzle outlet is tilted downwards, which allows the purification liquid to come into better contact with the flue gas, improving the purification efficiency, while avoiding splashing of the purification liquid and ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: It improves feeding efficiency by setting up a feeding assembly, ensuring stable operation of the gasifier; enhances the safety of the gas-fired boiler through a flameout detection device and explosion-proof furnace door; recovers exhaust heat through an economizer, reducing energy consumption; and effectively purifies the exhaust gas by installing a purification chimney at the tail end, reducing pollutant emissions. Furthermore, the movable design of the purification chimney and the high-efficiency purification components improve the flexibility and purification effect of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the purification chimney and purification components in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the device shown.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the purification component in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view of the device.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Gasifier; 2. Gas-fired boiler; 21. External power supply pipe; 22. Exhaust pipe; 3. Exhaust fan; 30. Gas pipeline; 4. Feeding assembly; 5. Economizer; 6. Exhaust fan assembly; 7. Purification chimney; 71. Movable base; 711. Outer shell; 712. Movable wheel set; 72. Purification bottom shell; 721. Inlet pipe; 73. Exhaust shell; 74. Liquid supply pump; 741. Liquid supply bend; 8. Purification assembly; 81. Central pipe assembly; 811. Central vertical pipe; 812. Side exhaust pipe; 82. Ring spray base; 821. Ring shell; 822. Nozzle; 83. Wire mesh cage. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] This application discloses a biomass gasification heating system. Example 1

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a biomass gasification heating system includes a gasifier 1 and a corresponding gas-fired boiler 2. The gasifier 1 has a feeding assembly 4 connected to its inlet, and an induced draft fan 3 installed at its exhaust outlet. The induced draft fan 3 extends into the combustion chamber of the gas-fired boiler 2 via a gas pipeline 30. An external power supply pipe 21 and an exhaust pipe 22 are fixedly installed on the gas-fired boiler 2. An economizer 5 is connected to the exhaust pipe 22, and the economizer 5 is connected to a purification chimney 7 via an induced draft assembly 6. The feeding assembly 4 ensures smooth biomass entry into the gasifier 1, improving feeding efficiency and guaranteeing continuous and stable operation of the gasifier 1. The induced draft fan 3 introduces the gas generated by the gasifier 1 into the combustion chamber of the gas-fired boiler 2, ensuring complete combustion and improving energy utilization. The economizer 5 recovers heat from the exhaust gas, preheating the water entering the boiler, reducing energy consumption and improving the system's thermal efficiency. The purification chimney 7 purifies the exhaust gas, reducing pollutant emissions and protecting the environment.

[0033] In actual use, fuel is supplied via the feeding assembly 4, which is equipped with a screw feeder to stably deliver fuel into the furnace. The main fuels are waste building templates, furniture factory scraps, sorghum stalks, and corn stalks, with other biomass as auxiliary fuels. The biomass raw materials are directly purchased from surrounding processing plants, meeting the requirements of being 3-10 cm in size and having a moisture content of less than 30%. The biomass raw materials are sent to the gasifier for gasification to produce biomass gas, which is then sent to the boiler for combustion through a gas pipeline. The purification chimney 7 ensures that the boiler flue gas meets the emission standards of particulate matter ≤5mg / Nm3, sulfur dioxide (SO2) ≤35mg / Nm3, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) ≤50mg / Nm3 after environmental treatment.

[0034] Biomass gasification principle: Under certain thermal conditions, biomass raw materials undergo pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction and reforming reactions using a gasification medium (air, oxygen or water vapor, etc.). The tar produced by pyrolysis is further thermally cracked or catalytically cracked into small-molecule hydrocarbons to obtain combustible gases such as CO, H2 and CH4.

[0035] Gasifier 1 is designed and manufactured based on the principle of biomass gasification. Biomass feedstock is fed into the gasifier and undergoes gasification and pyrolysis under anaerobic conditions to obtain combustible gas. Because biomass is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, inert ash, etc., it has a high oxygen content and volatile matter content, and the coke has strong activation properties. Therefore, it has higher gasification activity than coal and is more suitable for gasification.

[0036] The gasifier 1 is equipped with an automatic ignition device and an emergency venting device. When production starts, the biomass fuel in the gasifier is ignited by the ignition device, and high-temperature gas is generated to heat the biomass raw materials in the furnace. The raw materials undergo oxidation, cracking and reduction reactions in the furnace. The produced gas is sent to the boiler for combustion through the gasifier's induced draft fan and gas pipeline. The clean biomass gas is supplied to the gas boiler 2.

[0037] Reference Figure 1As shown, the gas-fired boiler 2 is equipped with a flameout detection device and an openable explosion-proof furnace door. The flameout detection device can monitor the combustion status of the gas-fired boiler 2 in real time. In the event of flameout, it can promptly issue an alarm and take corresponding measures to prevent gas leaks and safety accidents. The openable explosion-proof furnace door can promptly release pressure when the internal pressure of the boiler abnormally increases, preventing boiler explosion and improving the safety of the gas-fired boiler 2. To prevent damage caused by abnormal deflagration of gas in the boiler furnace, the boiler is designed with an explosion-proof furnace door on the side of the furnace. The boiler is designed with an effective flameout detection device. When the boiler burner goes out for any reason, it will automatically cut off the gas supply and simultaneously start the boiler induced draft fan to extract the remaining combustible gas in the furnace. Before the interlock is released, the gas switch valve in front of the burner will not open, effectively protecting the safety of the boiler equipment. Simultaneously, it will interlock to start the gasifier's abnormal ignition and venting functions to ensure the safety of the gasifier.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the purification chimney 7 includes a movable base 71, a purification bottom shell 72, and an exhaust shell 73. The purification bottom shell 72 is vertically installed at the center of the upper surface of the movable base 71 and is fixedly connected to the movable base 71. The exhaust shell 73 is inserted into the head of the purification bottom shell 72 and is sealed and fixedly connected to the purification bottom shell 72. A purification component 8 is also installed in the purification bottom shell 72. A liquid supply pump 74 connected to the purification component 8 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable base 71, and a liquid supply elbow 741 is installed at the outlet of the liquid supply pump 74. The movable base 71 facilitates the movement and installation of the purification chimney 7, improving the flexibility of the equipment. The combined structure of the purification bottom shell 72 and the exhaust shell 73 provides installation space for the purification component 8 while ensuring smooth exhaust. The liquid supply pump 74 and the liquid supply bend 741 provide purification liquid to the purification component 8, enabling the purification component 8 to effectively purify the flue gas. A corresponding liquid recovery tank can also be installed in the movable base 71 for efficient collection of liquid after spraying. The movable base 71 includes an outer shell 711 and a set of movable wheels 712. The movable wheels 712 are evenly installed at the four corners of the lower end face of the outer shell 711 and are rotatably connected to the outer shell 711. The movable wheels 712 allow the movable base 71 to be easily moved, facilitating the adjustment and maintenance of the purification chimney 7 and improving the operability of the equipment. A flue gas inlet pipe 721 connected to the induced draft component 6 is provided on the side of the purification bottom shell 72. The flue gas inlet pipe 721 is integrally formed with the purification bottom shell 72. The integral formation of the flue gas inlet pipe 721 and the purification bottom shell 72 ensures the airtightness of the flue gas entering the purification bottom shell 72, reduces the possibility of flue gas leakage, and improves purification efficiency.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the purification assembly 8 includes a central pipe assembly 81, an annular spray seat 82, and a mesh box 83. The annular spray seat 82 is sleeved and fixed on the central pipe assembly 81, and the mesh box 83 is installed at the lower end of the annular spray seat 82 and is fixedly connected to the annular spray seat 82. The combined structure of the central pipe assembly 81, the annular spray seat 82, and the mesh box 83 allows the purification liquid to be sprayed evenly into the flue gas, increasing the contact area between the purification liquid and the flue gas and improving the purification efficiency. Simultaneously, the mesh box 83 is used to place packing material to further enhance the purification effect. The central pipe assembly 81 includes a central vertical pipe 811 and side drain pipes 812. The head of the central vertical pipe 811 is connected to the liquid supply bend 741, and the side drain pipes 812 are sealed to both sides of the central vertical pipe 811. The design of the central vertical pipe 811 and the side drain pipes 812 ensures that the purification liquid can be smoothly delivered to the annular spray seat 82, guaranteeing the normal operation of the nozzle 822 and improving the stability of the purification assembly 8. The annular spray holder 82 includes an annular shell 821 and a nozzle 822. The annular shell 821 is sealed to the lower end face of the side drain pipe 812. The nozzles 822 are evenly installed on the inner surface of the annular shell 821, and the outlet of the nozzles 822 is inclined downwards. The downward inclination of the nozzle outlets allows the purified liquid to better contact with the flue gas, improving the purification efficiency, while avoiding splashing of the purified liquid and ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0041] The implementation principle of a biomass gasification heating system according to this application embodiment is as follows: During actual use, the feeding assembly 4 is activated to transport biomass to the gasifier 1 for gasification. The gasifier 1 converts biomass into fuel gas under high-temperature, oxygen-deficient conditions. The induced draft fan 3 is activated to introduce the fuel gas generated by the gasifier 1 into the combustion chamber of the gas boiler 2 through the gas pipeline 30 for combustion. A flameout detection device in the gas boiler 2 monitors the combustion status in real time to ensure safety. The heat generated by combustion is supplied externally through the external energy supply pipe 21. Simultaneously, the flue gas generated by combustion enters the economizer 5 through the exhaust pipe 22. The economizer 5 recovers the heat from the flue gas, and the waste heat enters the boiler's water. The flue gas after passing through the economizer 5 enters the purification chimney 7 through the induced draft assembly 6. The liquid supply pump 74 is activated to transport the purified liquid through the liquid supply bend 741 to the central pipe group 81, then through the side exhaust pipe 812 into the ring spray seat 82, and finally sprayed out by the nozzle 822. The purified liquid fully contacts the flue gas, absorbing and purifying the pollutants in the flue gas. The purified flue gas is discharged through the flue shell 73.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification heating system, comprising a gasifier (1) and a matching gas-fired boiler (2), characterized in that: The gasifier (1) is connected to a feeding assembly (4) at its feed inlet, and an induced draft fan (3) is installed at the exhaust port of the gasifier (1). The induced draft fan (3) extends into the combustion chamber of the gas boiler (2) through a gas pipeline (30). An external power supply pipe (21) and a flue pipe (22) are fixedly installed on the gas boiler (2). An economizer (5) is connected to the flue pipe (22). The economizer (5) is connected to the purification chimney (7) through an induced draft assembly (6).

2. The biomass gasification heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas boiler (2) is equipped with a flameout detection device and an openable explosion-proof furnace door.

3. A biomass gasification heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The purification chimney (7) includes a movable base (71), a purification bottom shell (72), and a smoke exhaust shell (73). The purification bottom shell (72) is vertically installed at the center of the upper surface of the movable base (71), and the purification bottom shell (72) is fixedly connected to the movable base (71). The smoke exhaust shell (73) is inserted into the head of the purification bottom shell (72), and the smoke exhaust shell (73) is sealed and fixedly connected to the purification bottom shell (72). A purification component (8) is also installed in the purification bottom shell (72), and a liquid supply pump (74) connected to the purification component (8) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable base (71). A liquid supply elbow (741) is installed at the outlet of the liquid supply pump (74).

4. A biomass gasification heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable housing (71) includes an outer housing (711) and a set of movable wheels (712). The set of movable wheels (712) is evenly installed on the four corners of the lower end face of the outer housing (711), and the set of movable wheels (712) is rotatably connected to the outer housing (711).

5. A biomass gasification heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the purification base shell (72) is provided with a smoke inlet pipe (721) connected to the air intake assembly (6), and the smoke inlet pipe (721) is integrally formed with the purification base shell (72).

6. A biomass gasification heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The purification component (8) includes a central tube assembly (81), a ring spray base (82), and a mesh box (83). The ring spray base (82) is sleeved and fixed on the central tube assembly (81), and the mesh box (83) is installed at the lower end of the ring spray base (82) and is fixedly connected to the ring spray base (82).

7. A biomass gasification heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The central tube assembly (81) includes a central vertical tube (811) and side drain pipes (812). The head of the central vertical tube (811) is connected to the liquid supply bend (741), and the side drain pipes (812) are sealed and connected to both sides of the central vertical tube (811).

8. A biomass gasification heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The annular spray base (82) includes an annular shell (821) and a nozzle (822). The annular shell (821) is sealed to the lower end face of the side drain pipe (812). The nozzle (822) is evenly installed on the inner side of the annular shell (821), and the outlet of the nozzle (822) is inclined downward.

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