Biomass gasification gas combustion heat utilization device

Abstract

The application relates to a biomass gasification fuel gas combustion heat utilization device and relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery equipment, which comprises a combustion chamber communicated with a gasification furnace, a waste heat boiler communicated with the combustion chamber, a denitration device communicated with the side, away from the combustion chamber, of the waste heat boiler, a coal economizer communicated with the lower end of the denitration device, an air preheater communicated with the lower end of the coal economizer, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and a desulfurization tower arranged in sequence on the side, away from the waste heat boiler, of the air preheater, the dust remover being communicated with the air preheater and the induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan being communicated with the desulfurization tower. The application has the effect of utilizing the heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of fuel gas generated by the gasification furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of heat utilization equipment, and in particular to a biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing prominence of environmental problems, the development of renewable energy has become a key path to achieving sustainable human development. Biomass energy, as an important renewable energy source, is widely available and distributed. Furthermore, it absorbs carbon dioxide during its growth process, and the amount of carbon dioxide released during combustion is roughly equivalent to the amount absorbed, thus it is considered a "carbon-neutral" energy source and its importance in the energy sector is growing. Biomass gasification technology can convert biomass into combustible gas, achieving efficient energy utilization and possessing broad application prospects in many fields.

[0003] There is a serious lack of heat recovery and utilization in the flue gas generated during biomass gasification and combustion. In most cases, the flue gas is directly emitted into the atmosphere without sufficient heat recovery, which not only wastes a large amount of usable heat, but may also have adverse effects on the atmospheric environment due to incompletely treated pollutants in the flue gas. At the same time, even if some devices utilize the heat of the gasified gas to a certain extent, the purification and treatment measures for the emitted flue gas are inadequate, making it difficult to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to make full use of the heat generated by the combustion of biomass gasification fuel gas, this application provides a biomass gasification fuel gas combustion heat utilization device.

[0005] The biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device includes a combustion chamber connected to a gasifier, a waste heat boiler connected to the combustion chamber, a denitrification device connected to the side of the waste heat boiler away from the combustion chamber, an economizer connected to the lower end of the denitrification device, an air preheater connected to the lower end of the economizer, a dust collector, an induced draft fan, and a desulfurization tower sequentially arranged on the side of the air preheater away from the waste heat boiler, the dust collector being connected to the air preheater and the induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan being connected to the desulfurization tower.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when the induced draft fan is started, the gas generated by the gasifier can be burned in the gas chamber. The heat released by the combustion can then be exchanged through the waste heat boiler to provide external heating or steam. After that, the flue gas can be denitrified by the denitrification device. After denitrification, the flue gas enters the economizer and air preheater for cooling and heat recovery. Then, the flue gas is dusted by the dust collector and finally desulfurized by the desulfurization tower before being discharged.

[0008] Optionally, the combustion chamber is provided with an upper partition wall and a lower partition wall. One end of the upper partition wall is fixedly connected to the top and side wall of the combustion chamber, and the lower partition wall is fixedly connected to the bottom and side wall of the combustion chamber. The upper partition wall and the lower partition wall are arranged parallel to each other and have a gap for flue gas to pass through.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the residence time of the gas in the combustion chamber can be increased by setting the upper and lower partition walls at intervals. At the same time, when the gas changes direction through the upper or lower partition wall, the centrifugal force during the turning process can increase the ash settling rate of the flue gas.

[0010] Optionally, the lower end of the combustion chamber is provided with multiple ash discharge ports, which are located on both sides of the upper partition wall and both sides of the lower partition wall.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, most of the fly ash carried by the flue gas in the combustion chamber can be discharged through the ash discharge port.

[0012] Optionally, the denitrification device includes a denitrification chamber, in which multiple catalyst layers are installed. The multiple catalyst layers are arranged along the height direction of the denitrification chamber. A connecting flue is installed at the upper end of the denitrification chamber, which is connected to the waste heat boiler. An ammonia injection assembly is provided in the denitrification chamber.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when flue gas passes through the catalyst layer, nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can be removed through the combined action of the ammonia injection component and the catalyst layer.

[0014] Optionally, the ammonia injection assembly includes a delivery pipe installed inside the denitrification chamber, and multiple atomizing nozzles are installed on the delivery pipe.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, external ammonia water can be sprayed into the connecting flue through a conveying pipe and atomizing nozzles for denitrification.

[0016] Optionally, an ash collection port is provided at the lower end of the connecting flue.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, some fly ash can be recovered through the ash collection port.

[0018] Optionally, the conveying pipe is arranged in a disc shape inside the denitrification chamber, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the conveying pipe.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the disc-shaped delivery pipe can increase its distribution area within the delivery pipe, thereby improving the spray uniformity of the atomizing nozzle.

[0020] Optionally, a flow guide grid is installed on the upper part of the denitrification chamber.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas can be guided by the flow guide grid, thereby improving its uniformity in entering the catalyst layer.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. Flue gas can be denitrified by a denitrification device. After denitrification, the flue gas enters the economizer and air preheater for cooling and heat recovery. Then, the flue gas is dusted by a dust collector and finally desulfurized by a desulfurization tower before being discharged.

[0024] 2. The residence time of flue gas in the combustion chamber can be increased by setting the upper and lower partition walls at intervals, thereby improving the degree of combustion of the fuel gas;

[0025] 3. External ammonia water can be sprayed into the denitrification chamber through a conveying pipe and atomizing nozzles for denitrification. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst layer in Example 2 of this application.

[0029] In the diagram, 1. Gasifier body; 2. Combustion chamber; 21. Upper partition wall; 22. Lower partition wall; 23. Ash collection port; 3. Waste heat boiler; 4. Denitrification device; 41. Denitrification chamber; 411. Ammonia injection assembly; 4111. Conveying pipe; 4112. Atomizing nozzle; 42. Catalyst layer; 43. Connecting flue; 431. Ash collection port; 5. Economizer; 6. Air preheater; 7. Dust collector; 8. Exhaust fan; 9. Desulfurization tower; 10. Guide grid. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Reference Figure 1 A gasifier body 1 is installed on the ground. A biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device includes a combustion chamber 2, which is mounted on the ground. The upper part of the combustion chamber 2 is connected to the gasifier body 1. The combustion chamber 2 has an upper partition wall 21 and a lower partition wall 22. One end of the upper partition wall 21 is fixedly connected to the top and side wall of the combustion chamber 2, and the lower partition wall 22 is fixedly connected to the lower end and side wall of the combustion chamber 2. The upper partition wall 21 and the lower partition wall 22 are arranged parallel to each other and have gaps for flue gas to pass through. Multiple ash collection ports 23 are opened at the lower end of the combustion chamber 2, located on both sides of the upper partition wall 21 and the lower partition wall 22. This allows most of the fly ash carried by the flue gas in the combustion chamber 2 to be discharged through the ash collection ports 23.

[0033] A waste heat boiler 3 is connected to the combustion chamber 2. A denitrification device 4 is connected to the side of the waste heat boiler 3 away from the combustion chamber 2. In this embodiment, the denitrification device 4 is a denitrification device in the prior art consisting of a reactor, a reducing agent injection system, a catalyst assembly and a control system.

[0034] The lower end of the denitrification device 4 is connected to an economizer 5, which is the economizer 5 in the prior art, and it is generally composed of a heat-receiving surface tube bundle, a header, a shell, and connecting pipes. The lower end of the economizer 5 is connected to an air preheater 6, which is also an air preheater 6 in the prior art. In this embodiment, a tubular air preheater is used, which is composed of a tube bundle, a tube sheet, a shell, and an air passage.

[0035] On the side of the air preheater 6 away from the waste heat boiler 3, a dust collector 7, an induced draft fan 8, and a desulfurization tower 9 are arranged in sequence. The dust collector 7 is connected to the air preheater 6 and the induced draft fan 8, and the induced draft fan 8 is connected to the desulfurization tower 9.

[0036] This starts the induced draft fan 8, allowing the gas produced by the gasifier to burn in the combustion chamber 2. The heat released from the combustion is then exchanged with the waste heat boiler 3 to provide external heating or steam. Subsequently, the flue gas undergoes denitrification through the denitrification device 4. After denitrification, the flue gas enters the economizer 5 and air preheater 6 for cooling and heat recovery. The flue gas then passes through the dust collector 7 for dust removal and finally passes through the desulfurization tower 9 for desulfurization before being discharged.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the denitrification device 4 includes a denitrification chamber 41, which is connected to the lower economizer. Multiple catalyst layers 42 are installed inside the denitrification chamber 41; in this embodiment, three catalyst layers 42 are used. The multiple catalyst layers 42 are arranged along the height of the denitrification chamber 41. A connecting flue 43 is installed at the upper end of the denitrification chamber 41, which is fixedly connected to and communicates with the waste heat boiler 3. An ammonia injection assembly 411 is installed inside the denitrification chamber 41.

[0039] The ammonia injection assembly 411 includes a conveying pipe 4111 installed inside the denitrification chamber 41. Multiple atomizing nozzles 4112 are mounted on the conveying pipe 4111. To ensure the spray area of ​​the atomizing nozzles 4112, the conveying pipe 4111 is arranged in a disc shape within the connecting flue 43. The multiple atomizing nozzles 4112 are equidistantly arranged along the length of the conveying pipe 4111. A flow guide grille 10 is installed at the upper part of the denitrification chamber 41. An ash collection port 431 is provided at the lower end of the connecting flue 43.

[0040] External ammonia water can be sprayed into the denitrification chamber 41 through the conveying pipe 4111 and the atomizing nozzle 4112 for denitrification. When the flue gas passes through the catalyst layer 42, the denitrification can be accelerated by the catalyst.

[0041] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device, characterized in that, The system includes a combustion chamber (2) connected to a gasifier, a waste heat boiler (3) connected to the combustion chamber (2), a denitrification device (4) connected to the side of the waste heat boiler (3) away from the combustion chamber (2), an economizer (5) connected to the lower end of the denitrification device (4), an air preheater (6) connected to the lower end of the economizer (5), and a dust collector (7), an induced draft fan (8) and a desulfurization tower (9) sequentially arranged on the side of the air preheater (6) away from the waste heat boiler (3). The dust collector (7) is connected to the air preheater (6) and the induced draft fan (8), and the induced draft fan (8) is connected to the desulfurization tower (9).

2. The biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (2) is provided with an upper partition wall (21) and a lower partition wall (22). One end of the upper partition wall (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the combustion chamber (2), and the lower partition wall (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber (2). The upper partition wall (21) and the lower partition wall (22) are arranged parallel to each other and have a gap for flue gas to pass through.

3. The biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (2) has multiple ash discharge ports (23) at its lower end, which are located on both sides of the upper partition wall (21) and the lower partition wall (22).

4. The biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The denitrification device (4) includes a denitrification chamber (41), which is equipped with multiple catalyst layers (42). The multiple catalyst layers (42) are arranged along the height direction of the denitrification chamber (41). A connecting flue (43) is installed at the upper end of the denitrification chamber (41). The connecting flue (43) is connected to the waste heat boiler (3). An ammonia injection assembly (411) is provided in the denitrification chamber (41).

5. The biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ammonia injection assembly (411) includes a delivery pipe (4111) installed in the denitrification chamber (41), and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (4112) are installed on the delivery pipe (4111).

6. The biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the connecting flue (43) is provided with an ash collection port (431).

7. A biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (4111) is arranged in a disc shape inside the denitrification chamber (41), and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (4112) are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the conveying pipe (4111).

8. A biomass gasification combustion heat utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A flow guide grid (10) is installed on the upper part of the denitrification chamber (41).

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