Combined condensing system for low vacuum heating installations

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of low-vacuum heating components for steam turbines, specifically a combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment. It includes a condenser, and its key technical features are: the condenser comprises a condensing chamber, an upper horizontal baffle within the condensing chamber, a lower horizontal baffle, a central diverging cylinder located between the upper and lower horizontal baffles, multiple concentric annular liquid collection channels surrounding the central diverging cylinder, multiple concentric annular heat exchange channels interleaved with the concentric annular liquid collection channels, a steam guiding channel connected to the central diverging cylinder, radial steam pipe assemblies within the concentric annular heat exchange channels, and a vacuum extraction pipeline connected to the outermost concentric annular liquid collection channels. During high-load operation, the system uses liquid as the cooling medium, while during low-load operation in winter, it uses cold air as the cooling medium. This switching between liquid cooling and air cooling solves the problem of condenser freezing and cracking during low-load operation, extending the condenser's service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of low vacuum heating components for steam turbines, specifically to a combined condensing system for low vacuum heating equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A steam turbine is an external combustion rotary machine that converts the thermal energy of steam into mechanical work. Steam from the boiler enters the steam turbine and passes through a series of annular nozzles and moving blades, converting the thermal energy of the steam into the mechanical energy of the turbine rotor's rotation.

[0003] The working principle of the low-vacuum heating equipment described in this article is as follows: after the steam has done work in the turbine, it carries a large amount of waste heat out of the turbine and goes to the condenser, which maintains a low-vacuum operating state. The condenser uses cooling circulating water to convert the steam into hot water, which is then transported to the heating terminals through pipelines, thus realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat. Among these, the condenser is a key facility in the heating process; however, the condenser is prone to freezing and cracking when operating at low loads in winter. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment with a reasonable structure and reliable operation, thereby solving the problem of existing condensers easily freezing and cracking during low-load operation in winter and extending their service life.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is:

[0006] A combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment includes a condenser. The key technical features of the condenser are: a condensing chamber, an upper horizontal baffle plate and a lower horizontal baffle plate within the condensing chamber, a central diverging cylinder located between the upper and lower horizontal baffle plates, multiple concentric annular liquid-collecting channels surrounding the central diverging cylinder, multiple concentric annular heat exchange channels interleaved with the concentric annular liquid-collecting channels, a steam guiding channel with one end connected to the central diverging cylinder and the other end leading out of the side wall of the condensing chamber, radial steam pipe assemblies within the concentric annular heat exchange channels, and a vacuum piping connected to the outermost concentric annular liquid-collecting channels. The lower horizontal baffle plate... The partition plate is provided with a set of drain holes corresponding to the concentric annular liquid collection channel and a cooling medium inlet corresponding to the concentric annular heat exchange channel. The lower end of each cooling medium inlet is connected to a cooling medium distribution pipe. The starting end of the cooling medium distribution pipe leads out of the condenser and has two pipe openings: a cooling liquid circulation inlet and a cooling gas circulation inlet. A cooling medium collection chamber is formed between the upper horizontal partition plate and the top surface of the condenser. The upper horizontal partition plate is provided with a cooling medium outlet that connects the concentric annular heat exchange channel and the cooling medium collection chamber. The top surface of the condenser is provided with two pipe openings that connect to the cooling medium collection chamber: a cooling liquid circulation outlet and a cooling gas circulation outlet.

[0007] In the aforementioned combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment, the upper horizontal partition is symmetrically provided with two cooling medium outlets corresponding to each of the concentric annular heat exchange channels. The top surface of the condensing box is provided with a sealing cylinder corresponding to one of the cooling medium outlets of the same concentric annular heat exchange channel. The lower end of the cylinder rod of the sealing cylinder is inserted into the cooling medium collection chamber and is provided with a sealing plate that cooperates with the cooling medium outlet. The cooling medium inlet and the sealing plate are arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction.

[0008] In the aforementioned combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment, the radial steam pipe group consists of multiple sets of radial steam pipes arranged along the height direction of the concentric annular heat exchange channel, and the two ends of the radial steam pipes are connected to the outside of the concentric annular heat exchange channel.

[0009] In the aforementioned combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment, a hot water collection hopper is provided on the bottom surface of the condensing chamber. The lower end of the hot water collection hopper is connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling tower via a pipeline. The outlet pipe of the cooling tower is connected to the coolant storage device via a return water pipeline. A return water pump is provided on the return water pipeline.

[0010] In the aforementioned low-vacuum heating equipment combined condensing system, a heat exchange heating unit is connected between the inlet pipe and the return water pipe of the cooling tower. The heat exchange heating unit includes a heat exchanger, a heat exchange pump located on the inlet side of the heat exchanger, and a heating terminal connected between the tube inlet and tube outlet of the heat exchanger.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] During high-load operation, liquid is used as the cooling medium, while during low-load operation in winter, cold air is used as the cooling medium. The switching between liquid cooling and air cooling solves the problem of condenser freezing and cracking during low-load operation and extends the service life of the condenser. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air-cooled structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the condenser box of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper horizontal partition of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Cooling gas circulation outlet, 2. Coolant circulation outlet, 3. Condensation chamber, 4. Upper horizontal baffle, 5. Concentric annular heat exchange channel, 6. Concentric annular liquid collection channel, 7. Radial steam pipe assembly, 8. Cooling medium outlet, 9. Sealing cylinder, 10. Vacuum pumping pipeline, 11. Cooling medium collection chamber, 12. Coolant circulation inlet, 13. Cooling gas circulation inlet, 14. Cooling medium distribution pipe, 15. Cooling medium inlet, 16. Lower horizontal baffle, 17. Drain hole assembly, 18. Central radiating cylinder, 19. Hot water collection hopper, 20. Steam guide channel, 21. Sealing plate, 22. Steam turbine, 23. Condenser, 24. Cooling tower, 25. Return water pump, 26. Heating terminal, 27. Heat exchanger, 28. Return water pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the low-vacuum heating equipment combined condensing system includes a condenser 23.

[0021] The condenser 23 includes a condensing chamber 3, an upper horizontal baffle 4 and a lower horizontal baffle 16 disposed within the condensing chamber 3, a central diverging cylinder 18 disposed between the middle of the upper horizontal baffle 4 and the lower horizontal baffle 16, multiple concentric annular liquid collection channels 6 disposed around the central diverging cylinder 18, multiple concentric annular heat exchange channels 5 arranged alternately with the concentric annular liquid collection channels 6, a steam guiding channel 20 with one end connected to the central diverging cylinder 18 and the other end leading out of the side wall of the condensing chamber, a radial steam pipe assembly 7 disposed within the concentric annular heat exchange channels 5, and a vacuum pipe 10 connected to the outermost concentric annular liquid collection channel 6. In this embodiment, the radial steam pipe assembly 7 consists of multiple sets of radial steam pipes arranged along the height direction of the concentric annular heat exchange channels 5, and both ends of the radial steam pipes are connected to the outer side of the concentric annular heat exchange channels 5.

[0022] The lower horizontal partition 16 is provided with a group of drain holes 17 corresponding to the concentric annular liquid collection channel 6 and a cooling medium inlet 15 corresponding to the concentric annular heat exchange channel 5. The lower end of each cooling medium inlet 15 is connected to a cooling medium distribution pipe 14. The starting end of the cooling medium distribution pipe 14 leads out of the condenser 3 and has two openings: a coolant circulation inlet 12 and a cooling gas circulation inlet 13. A cooling medium collection chamber 11 is formed between the upper horizontal partition 4 and the top surface of the condenser 3. The upper horizontal partition 4 is provided with a cooling medium outlet 8 connecting the concentric annular heat exchange channel 5 and the cooling medium collection chamber 11. The top surface of the condenser 3 is provided with two openings: a coolant circulation outlet 2 and a cooling gas circulation outlet 1, which are connected to the cooling medium collection chamber 11. In this embodiment, the upper horizontal partition 4 is symmetrically provided with two cooling medium outlets 8 for each of the concentric annular heat exchange channels 5. The top surface of the condensation box 3 is provided with a blocking cylinder 9 corresponding to one of the cooling medium outlets 8 of the same concentric annular heat exchange channel 5. The lower end of the cylinder rod of the blocking cylinder 9 is inserted into the cooling medium collection chamber 11 and is provided with a blocking plate 21 that cooperates with the cooling medium outlet 8. The cooling medium inlet 15 and the blocking plate 21 are arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction.

[0023] The bottom surface of the condenser 3 is provided with a hot water collection hopper 19. The lower end of the hot water collection hopper 19 is connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling tower 24 via a pipeline. The outlet pipe of the cooling tower 24 is connected to the coolant storage device via a return water pipe 28. A return water pump 25 is provided on the return water pipe 28. A heat exchange heating unit is connected between the inlet pipe and the return water pipe 28 of the cooling tower 24. The heat exchange heating unit includes a heat exchanger 27, a heat exchange pump located on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 27, and a heating terminal 26 connected between the tube inlet and tube outlet of the heat exchanger 27.

[0024] Working principle:

[0025] 1. Cool the condenser box 3 with cooling liquid in advance, and carry out condensation operation after the set temperature is reached.

[0026] 2. Under the negative pressure of the vacuum pipeline 10, the steam that has done work in the steam turbine 22 carries a large amount of residual heat out of the steam turbine, and then enters the central radiating cylinder 18 through the steam guide channel 20. Then, it enters the closest concentric annular liquid collection channel 6 through the radial steam pipe group 7 of the concentric annular heat exchange channel 5 near the central radiating cylinder 18. During this process, the cooled liquid droplets fall into the hot water collection hopper 19 through the water drop hole group 17. Similarly, the uncondensed steam continues to disperse outward to the outer concentric annular liquid collection channel 6 through the radial steam pipe group 7 of the nearby concentric annular heat exchange channel 5. During this process, the cooled liquid droplets fall into the hot water collection hopper 19 through the water drop hole group 17.

[0027] 3. During the non-heating season, hot water flows into cooling tower 24, is cooled down by cooling tower 24, and is then sent back to coolant storage device. From coolant storage device, it is sent to cooling medium distribution pipe 14, and from cooling medium distribution pipe 14, it is circulated into condenser 3.

[0028] 4. During the heating season, the hot water is sent to heat exchanger 27 for use in heating terminal 26 to recover and utilize waste heat. After the hot water is cooled down, it is returned to the coolant storage device, and then sent from the coolant storage device to the cooling medium distribution pipe 14, and then circulated into the condenser box 3 from the cooling medium distribution pipe 14.

[0029] 5. During low-load operation in winter, cold air is used as the cooling medium, replacing the cooling liquid to cool the condenser 3. To prevent the cold air from rising directly out of the concentric annular heat exchange channel 5, the cylinder rod of the sealing cylinder 9 moves downward, causing the sealing plate 21 to block its corresponding cooling medium outlet 8.

[0030] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and should not be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of this utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of this utility model should still fall within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A combined condensing system for low-vacuum heating equipment, comprising a condenser, characterized in that: The condenser includes a condenser housing, an upper horizontal baffle plate and a lower horizontal baffle plate disposed within the condenser housing, a central diverging cylinder disposed between the middle of the upper and lower horizontal baffle plates, multiple concentric annular liquid collection channels disposed around the central diverging cylinder, multiple concentric annular heat exchange channels arranged alternately with the concentric annular liquid collection channels, a steam guiding channel with one end connected to the central diverging cylinder and the other end leading out of the side wall of the condenser housing, a radial steam pipe assembly disposed within the concentric annular heat exchange channels, and a vacuum pipeline connected to the outermost concentric annular liquid collection channel. The lower horizontal baffle plate is provided with corresponding concentric annular liquid collection channels. The cooling medium has a set of drain holes and corresponding cooling medium inlets for the concentric annular heat exchange channel. The lower end of each cooling medium inlet is connected to a cooling medium distribution pipe. The starting end of the cooling medium distribution pipe leads out of the condenser and has two ports: a coolant circulation inlet and a cooling gas circulation inlet. A cooling medium collection chamber is formed between the upper horizontal partition and the top surface of the condenser. The upper horizontal partition is provided with a cooling medium outlet that connects the concentric annular heat exchange channel and the cooling medium collection chamber. The top surface of the condenser is provided with two ports: a coolant circulation outlet and a cooling gas circulation outlet that connect to the cooling medium collection chamber.

2. The combined condensing steam system for low-vacuum heating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper horizontal partition is symmetrically provided with two cooling medium outlets for each of the concentric annular heat exchange channels. The top surface of the condenser box is provided with a blocking cylinder corresponding to one of the cooling medium outlets of the same concentric annular heat exchange channel. The lower end of the cylinder rod of the blocking cylinder is inserted into the cooling medium collection chamber and is provided with a blocking plate that cooperates with the cooling medium outlet. The cooling medium inlet and the blocking plate are arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction.

3. The combined condensing steam system for low-vacuum heating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial steam pipe assembly consists of multiple sets of radial steam pipes arranged along the height direction of the concentric annular heat exchange channel, with both ends of the radial steam pipes connected to the outside of the concentric annular heat exchange channel.

4. The combined condensing steam system for low-vacuum heating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the condenser is provided with a hot water collection hopper. The lower end of the hot water collection hopper is connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling tower via a pipeline. The outlet pipe of the cooling tower is connected to the coolant storage device via a return water pipeline. A return water pump is provided on the return water pipeline.

5. The combined condensing steam system for low-vacuum heating equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heat exchange and heating unit is connected between the inlet pipe and the return water pipe of the cooling tower. The heat exchange and heating unit includes a heat exchanger, a heat exchange pump located at the inlet side of the heat exchanger, and a heating terminal connected between the tube inlet and tube outlet of the heat exchanger.

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