A device for measuring displacement of roof in unstable stope

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mine roof displacement monitoring equipment, disclose a kind of equipment suitable for underground unstable stope roof displacement determination, including including two support rods, a spring and at least two scale ropes, the both ends of spring are connected to the roof and floor of stope respectively through two support rods, the top end of scale rope is hung in the circumferential side of the top end of spring, the displacement of roof acts on spring, so that spring produces elastic deformation, the amplitude of the elastic deformation of spring is measured by scale rope, and then the displacement of roof is calculated out. The utility model is simple in structure, can effectively judge the roof stability before charging in the area of poor lithology under the well under various complex environmental conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of mine roof displacement monitoring equipment, specifically to a device applicable to measuring roof displacement in unstable underground mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] Roof displacement refers to the positional change of the mine roof during mining operations due to factors such as stress changes, geological conditions, and mining activities. It may lead to dangerous situations such as roof collapse, gas accumulation, and the formation of water-fissure zones, posing a huge threat to mining operations.

[0003] Deep-hole blasting technology involves drilling deep blast holes in the ore body, filling them with explosives, and then blasting them to break up and mine the ore. In some unstable lithological areas of underground mines, when using the segmented open-pit filling method, before deep-hole blasting, due to the presence of weak interlayers and fractured areas in the rock mass, the front row of blast holes may collapse or the entire row may fall down, causing roof displacement and posing safety hazards during deep-hole blasting.

[0004] Traditional methods of roof displacement monitoring often rely on the experience of technicians or involve spraying grout onto the roof of the mining area, which cannot effectively measure the displacement or angular offset of the roof. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for measuring roof displacement in unstable underground mining areas, so as to solve the problem of misjudgment caused by subjective factors when monitors rely on experience.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model specifically provides the following technical solution: a device for measuring the displacement of the roof in an unstable underground stope, comprising a first support rod, a second support rod, a spring, and at least three graduated ropes. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the roof and bottom of the stope through the first support rod and the second support rod. The top end of the graduated rope is suspended around the top end of the spring, and the bottom end of the graduated rope is placed around the bottom end of the spring. The graduated rope is used to measure the elastic deformation of the spring to provide feedback on the displacement of the top of the stope.

[0007] Furthermore, the two ends of the spring are coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the first support rod and one end of the second support rod, respectively, and the other end of the first support rod is placed vertically on the bottom plate of the mining area, so that the other end of the second support rod is in contact with the top plate of the mining area.

[0008] Furthermore, a clamp is fixedly fitted at one end of the first support rod and the second support rod respectively. The clamp has two protrusions with through holes symmetrically arranged on its circumferential side. The end ring of the spring can be rotated into the protrusions on the circumferential side of the clamp through the through holes and fixedly connected to the clamp.

[0009] Furthermore, a square base is provided between the first support rod and the bottom plate of the mining area. The base is a solid structure and is fixedly connected to the first support rod. A circular support plate is provided between the second support rod and the top plate of the mining area. The support plate is a hollow structure and is fixedly connected to the second support rod.

[0010] Furthermore, each spring is connected to at least three graduated cords, which are evenly distributed around the spring.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the graduated cords is connected to the top of the spring via a crossbar that radially passes through the first support rod, so that the graduated cords never come into contact with the spring.

[0012] The embodiments of this utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention uses a spring to connect a first support rod and a second support rod. The first and second support rods are respectively connected to the charging platform and the roof of the mine roadway. When the roof of the mine roadway is displaced, causing the spring to undergo elastic deformation, the scale ropes on both sides of the spring change position. By calculating the difference in scale values ​​in the vertical direction of the scale ropes at different time periods, the displacement of the roof at different time periods can be obtained. At the same time, the location of the area where the roof displacement occurs can be determined by observing the bending direction of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0017] The labels in the diagram represent the following:

[0018] 1-First support rod; 2-Second support rod; 3-Spring; 4-Graded rope; 5-Base; 6-Support plate; 7-Clamp; 8-Horizontal bar. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Roof displacement is a major hazard source causing mine safety accidents. It can lead to roof collapse, roadway deformation, and in severe cases, even roadway collapse. Therefore, accurate monitoring of roof displacement is of paramount importance.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 An apparatus for measuring roof displacement in an unstable underground stope includes a first support rod 1, a second support rod 2, a spring 3, and at least three graduated ropes 4. The two ends of the spring 3 are connected to the roof and floor of the stope via the first support rod 1 and the second support rod 2, respectively. The top end of the graduated rope 4 is suspended around the top end of the spring 3, and the bottom end of the graduated rope 4 is placed around the bottom end of the spring 3. The graduated rope 4 is used to measure the elastic deformation of the spring 3 to provide feedback on the displacement of the top of the stope.

[0022] By adopting the above scheme, the device is placed vertically between the bottom and top plates of the mining area. The elastic force of the spring 3 holds the first support rod 1 and the second support rod 2 at both ends, so that the other ends of the support rod 1 and the second support rod 2 are in close contact with the bottom and top plates of the mining area, respectively. When the top plate of the mining area shifts and squeezes the second support rod 2, the force is transmitted to the spring 3 through the second support rod 2, causing the spring 3 to undergo elastic deformation. This causes a change in the height difference between the bottom end of the scale rope 4 and the bottom end of the spring 3, and a change in the angle between the scale rope 4 and the spring 3. By measuring the height changes of the spring 3 in various directions, the elastic deformation amount and deformation direction of the spring 3 can be obtained, and thus the displacement amount and displacement direction of the top plate of the mining area can be determined.

[0023] Furthermore, the two ends of the spring 3 are coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the first support rod 1 and the second support rod 2, respectively, and the other end of the first support rod 1 is placed vertically on the bottom plate of the mining area, so that the other end of the second support rod 2 is in contact with the top plate of the mining area.

[0024] Furthermore, a clamp 7 is fixedly fitted at one end of the first support rod 1 and the second support rod 2 respectively. The clamp 7 has two protrusions with through holes symmetrically arranged on its circumference. The end ring of the spring 3 can be rotated into the protrusions on the circumference of the clamp 7 through the through holes and is fixedly connected to the clamp 7.

[0025] By adopting the above scheme, the first support rod 1, the second support rod 2, and the spring 3 are connected into a whole by the clamp 7. The first support rod 1 provides support for the spring 3, so that the lower end face of the spring 3 is always located on the same horizontal plane. When the second support rod 2 is pressed downward by the pressure of the mining roof, the spring 3 produces elastic deformation. Then, the change in the height of the upper end face of the spring 3 at different time points reflects the change in the displacement of the mining roof in different time periods.

[0026] Furthermore, a square base 5 is provided between the first support rod 1 and the bottom plate of the mining area. The base 5 is a solid structure and is fixedly connected to the first support rod 1. A circular support plate 6 is provided between the second support rod 2 and the top plate of the mining area. The support plate 6 is a hollow structure and is fixedly connected to the second support rod 2.

[0027] By adopting the above solution, the base 5 is made of metal and the support plate 6 is made of plastic. Both the base 5 and the support plate 6 can increase the force-bearing area with the bottom and top of the mining area, making the top displacement measuring device more stable. At the same time, it can also reduce the weight of the support plate 6, so that the spring 3 produces a small elastic deformation in the initial state, and the elastic force of the spring 3 can always compress the support plate 6 to fit tightly against the top of the mining area.

[0028] Furthermore, each spring 3 is connected to at least three graduated cords 4, which are evenly distributed around the spring 3.

[0029] By adopting the above scheme, when the support plate 6 is subjected to eccentric load and overturns, the top plate displacement measuring device also bends. At this time, by calculating the height difference between the scale rope 4 at the highest and lowest positions, the displacement angle of the top plate of the mining area within the monitoring area of ​​the top plate displacement measuring device can be obtained.

[0030] Furthermore, each of the graduated ropes 4 is connected to the top of the spring 3 by a crossbar 8 that radially passes through the first support rod 1, so that the graduated ropes 4 and the spring (3) never come into contact.

[0031] Working principle: When using the segmented open-stope backfilling method for mining, after setting up the charging platform and drilling blast holes in the mine roadway roof, the underground unstable stope roof displacement measuring device is assembled. The base 5 is placed horizontally at the bottom of the charging platform, and the spring 3 is compressed to shorten the overall length of the device before being released. Under the push of the spring 3, the first support rod 1 and the second support rod 2 make the support plate 6 fit tightly against the mine roadway roof. Then, the initial reading of the scale rope 4 is recorded. When the central area of ​​the support plate 6 shifts... The phenomenon is that when the support plate 6 is subjected to a vertically downward force, the spring 3 is compressed vertically downward, causing the position of the scale rope 4 to change; when the circumferential area of ​​the support plate 6 is displaced, the support plate 6 is subjected to an eccentric load and overturns, the spring 3 bends laterally, and the scale rope 4 is suspended downward. At this time, the position of the scale rope 4 changes. The real-time reading is measured before loading the explosive the next day and compared with the initial reading to obtain the displacement of the roadway roof. At the same time, the approximate location of the area where the roof displacement occurred in the mining area can be determined by observing the bending direction of the spring 3.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this utility model within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered as falling within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for measuring roof displacement in unstable underground stopes, characterized in that, The device includes a first support rod (1), a second support rod (2), a spring (3), and at least three graduated ropes (4). The two ends of the spring (3) are connected to the top and bottom plates of the mining area through the first support rod (1) and the second support rod (2), respectively. The top end of the graduated rope (4) is suspended around the top of the spring (3), and the bottom end of the graduated rope (4) is placed around the bottom of the spring (3). The graduated rope (4) is used to measure the elastic deformation of the spring (3) to provide feedback on the displacement of the top of the mining area.

2. The device for measuring roof displacement in unstable mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the spring (3) are coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the first support rod (1) and the second support rod (2), respectively. The other end of the first support rod (1) is placed vertically on the bottom plate of the mining area, so that the other end of the second support rod (2) is in contact with the top plate of the mining area.

3. The device for measuring roof displacement in unstable mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the first support rod (1) and the second support rod (2) is respectively fixedly fitted with a clamp (7). The clamp (7) has two protrusions with through holes symmetrically arranged on its periphery. The end ring of the spring (3) can be rotated into the protrusions on the periphery of the clamp (7) through the through holes and fixedly connected to the clamp (7).

4. The device for measuring roof displacement in unstable mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, A square base (5) is provided between the first support rod (1) and the bottom plate of the mining area. The base (5) is a solid structure and is fixedly connected to the first support rod (1). A circular support plate (6) is provided between the second support rod (2) and the top plate of the mining area. The support plate (6) is a hollow structure and is fixedly connected to the second support rod (2).

5. The device for measuring roof displacement in unstable mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each spring (3) is connected to at least three graduated cords (4), which are evenly distributed around the spring (3).

6. The device for measuring roof displacement in unstable mining areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the graduated cords (4) is connected to the top of the spring (3) by a crossbar (8) that radially passes through the first support rod (1), so that the graduated cords (4) and the spring (3) never come into contact.

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