Support void area detection device for bridge overturning evaluation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to bridge disaster prevention and mitigation technical field discloses support hollow area detection device for bridge overturning evaluation, including hoop, flexible winding and a plurality of flexible stay, hoop can be set in the outer periphery of pier, be equipped with the azimuth adjusting device that is used for azimuth adjustment to hoop on hoop, be equipped with the flexible winding pre -tightening device that is used for respectively exerting pre -tightening force to flexible winding both ends on hoop, hoop is uniformly equipped with a plurality of flexible stay through -hole in its circumference, be equipped with flexible stay pre -tightening device on hoop at every flexible stay through -hole, be equipped with flexible stay in every flexible stay through -hole, the one end of flexible stay is connected with the flexible stay pre -tightening device of flexible stay through -hole where it is, the other end of flexible stay is connected with flexible winding sliding. Utilize the utility model can measure the hollow area of whole support contact area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bridge disaster prevention and mitigation technology, and relates to a bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment. Background Technology

[0002] Single-column pier bridges are a special type of highway bridge. Due to their advantages such as small footprint, strong adaptability to complex sites, good visibility under the bridge, and economic and aesthetic appeal, single-column pier bridges are widely used in urban interchanges and highway overpass projects both domestically and internationally.

[0003] However, in recent years, there have been frequent reports of bridge collapses caused by overloaded vehicles, resulting in serious casualties, economic losses, and social impact. Bridge collapse occurs when overloaded vehicles cause the bridge's unidirectional supports to successively detach, leading to the failure of boundary conditions and ultimately causing the bridge to lose balance and collapse.

[0004] To prevent the overturning and collapse of single-column pier bridges, it is usually necessary to detect the detachment state of the bearings. Changes in the bearing contact area can further infer whether there is a risk of overturning. Current technologies mostly use image vision, laser, or caliper measurement techniques to detect the degree of detachment. Image vision technology is only usable when vision is unaffected; when the bearing undergoes significant shear deformation, the detached surface is not horizontal to the bearing plane, resulting in large measurement errors. Caliper measurement technology uses an extended thin steel ruler to detect the depth of detachment in the measurement direction, but it cannot detect detachment over the entire two-dimensional area of ​​the bearing contact surface. To solve the problem of detecting the bearing contact state in the event of bridge overturning, a new technology for measuring the detachment area of ​​the entire bearing contact region is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment, which can measure the void area of ​​the entire bearing contact area.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment includes a hoop, a flexible winding, and several flexible guy wires. The hoop can be fitted onto the outer circumference of the pier. The hoop is equipped with an orientation adjustment device for adjusting its position and a flexible winding pre-tightening device for applying pre-tightening force to both ends of the flexible winding. The hoop has several flexible guy wire through holes evenly distributed around its circumference. A flexible guy wire pre-tightening device is provided at each flexible guy wire through hole on the hoop. Each flexible guy wire through hole contains a flexible guy wire. One end of the flexible guy wire is connected to the flexible guy wire pre-tightening device at its corresponding flexible guy wire through hole, and the other end of the flexible guy wire is slidably connected to the flexible winding.

[0008] Preferably, the ring is equipped with an angle measuring device, which is used to measure the angle between the flexible wire and the position point of the flexible wire through hole on the ring after each flexible wire is tightened, and the corresponding diameter on the ring.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the ring hoop is provided with a circumferential groove, the angle measuring device includes a slider and a scale connected to the slider, the slider is adapted to the groove, the ring hoop and the angle measuring device are slidably connected through the groove and the slider, the scale is perpendicular to the central axis of the ring hoop, the scale is a protractor, the protractor has a 0° mark, the 0° mark is arranged along the radial direction of the ring hoop, and scale lines are distributed on both sides of the 0° mark on the protractor.

[0010] Preferably, the ring is circular in shape and is designed to be segmented and detachable.

[0011] Preferably, the orientation adjustment device includes at least three telescopic rods with adjustable lengths. The telescopic rods are evenly arranged around the circumference of the ring and connected to the lower part of the ring. Each telescopic rod includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. The upper end of the upper support rod is fixedly connected to the lower part of the ring. The lower end of the upper support rod has an inner hole. The upper end of the lower support rod is inserted into the inner hole of the lower end of the upper support rod. The side wall of the upper support rod has a threaded hole at the inner hole. A fastening screw is threaded into the threaded hole. The fastening screw allows the upper support rod and the lower support rod to slide or be fixed relative to each other.

[0012] Preferably, two flexible winding pre-tightening devices are provided, and the two flexible winding pre-tightening devices are respectively located at both ends of a certain diameter direction of the ring hoop.

[0013] Preferably, the flexible winding pre-tightening device employs a pre-tightening ratchet, which includes a ratchet ring, a spring, a spring sleeve, a rotating cylinder, and a cylindrical sleeve. The cylindrical sleeve has a hollow cylindrical structure with external threads on its outer wall. One end of the cylindrical sleeve is fixedly connected to a ring hoop. The rotating cylinder also has a hollow cylindrical structure with a stepped outer surface. The inner surface of the end with the larger outer diameter of the rotating cylinder has a second internal thread. The rotating cylinder is threadedly connected to the external thread of the cylindrical sleeve through the second internal thread. The stepped surface of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder has a ratchet tooth. The smaller outer diameter section of the rotating cylinder is provided with an external thread one, located away from the stepped surface. The ratchet ring is a circular structure and is fitted around the smaller outer diameter section of the rotating cylinder. The ratchet ring is provided with a ratchet two on the side facing the stepped surface. The ratchet one and ratchet two mesh with each other. The inner wall of one end of the spring cylinder is provided with an internal thread three that mates with the external thread one. The spring cylinder and the rotating cylinder are connected by the external thread one and the internal thread three. A spring is provided between the ratchet ring and the spring cylinder. The spring is fitted around the smaller diameter section of the rotating cylinder and is in a compressed state.

[0014] The end of the small-diameter section of the rotating cylinder is equipped with a flexible winding fixing device, and both the cylindrical sleeve and the flexible winding fixing device are provided with through holes for the flexible winding to pass through.

[0015] Preferably, the flexible winding fixing device includes a cross nut and a nut that mates with the cross nut. The cross nut is a T-shaped nut with a through hole on its inner side. The top of the cross nut is designed with a cross petal structure to allow for adaptive contraction. The cross nut is in contact with the rotating cylinder. The top of the cross nut has an external thread that mates with the nut. The nut mates with the cross nut. The nut has a through hole for the flexible winding to pass through.

[0016] Preferably, the flexible wire pre-tensioning device includes an elastic storage cylinder, one end of the flexible wire is wound in the elastic storage cylinder, and the elastic storage cylinder is used to wind and tighten the flexible wire.

[0017] Preferably, the flexible winding is made of steel wire with a diameter of no more than 1 mm, and the flexible pull wire is made of carbon fiber filament with a diameter of no more than 1 mm; a flexible loop is provided at one end of the flexible pull wire connected to the flexible winding, the loop is sleeved on the flexible winding, and the circumference of the loop is more than 5 times the diameter of the flexible winding.

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This utility model, a bridge overturning assessment bearing detachment area detection device, can measure the positional information of several points on the outer contour of the contact surface after the bearing detaches. Using this positional information, the detachment area of ​​the entire bearing contact region can be calculated. The principle of this utility model is as follows: The ring hoop, as the main structure of the entire device, can be fitted around the outer perimeter of the bridge pier. The ring hoop is equipped with an orientation adjustment device for adjusting its orientation. During use, the orientation adjustment device can be used to adjust the ring hoop so that its plane is in the same plane as the contact surface after the bearing detaches. The purpose of the flexible winding is to utilize the variability and non-stretchability (or negligible deformation after stretching) of the flexible winding. During use, the flexible winding is wrapped around the contact surface after the bearing detaches, and then the two ends of the flexible winding are tightened using a flexible winding pre-tightening device. Simultaneously, due to the variability and non-stretchability (or negligible deformation after stretching) of the flexible winding, the detachment area is adjusted. (It can be ignored) and the flexible winding slides together. Therefore, when the flexible winding goes around the contact surface after the support is detached, the end of the flexible wire connected to the flexible winding will slide accordingly. Finally, after the flexible winding is pre-tightened, the connection points of each flexible wire and the flexible winding are distributed in the circumferential direction of the contact surface after the support is detached. Then, by measuring the distance between the flexible wire through hole and the connection point of the flexible wire and the flexible winding on each flexible wire, as well as the angle information of each flexible wire, the position information of the connection point of each flexible wire and the flexible winding can be calculated through geometric calculation. With this position information, the outer contour information of the contact surface after the support is detached can be determined, so that the detachment area of ​​the entire support contact area can be measured. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment of this utility model during use.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 These are cross-sectional views of ring hoop one, ring hoop two, and ring hoop three in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4(a) is a first perspective view of the ring hoop in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4(b) is a second perspective view of the ring hoop in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ring hoop structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three structures of the ring hoop in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a partial detailed view of the ring hoop structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the upper support rod and the lower support rod in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a plan view of the angle measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the pre-tightening ratchet in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11(a) is a first structural diagram of the rotating cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11(b) is a second structural diagram of the rotating cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12(a) is a first structural diagram of the ratchet ring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12(b) is a second structural diagram of the ratchet ring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the spring cylinder in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the cross nut in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 15(a) is a first structural diagram of the nut in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15(b) is a second structural diagram of the nut in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of the elastic storage tube in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the pull wire and the steel wire rope in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 18 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between wire rope one and wire rope two in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0038] In the diagram, 1-support, 2-ring one, 3-ring two, 4-ring three, 5-pre-tightening ratchet, 6-elastic storage cylinder, 7-angle measuring device, 8-ruler strip, 9-pull line, 10-steel wire rope one, 11-steel wire rope two, 12-contact surface, 13-through hole, 14-bolt hole one, 15-upper support rod, 16-lower support rod, 17-fastening screw, 18-bolt hole two, 19-pin, 20-pin sleeve 22-Ratchet ring, 23-Spring, 24-Spring sleeve, 25-Rotating cylinder, 27-Nut, 28-Cross nut, 29-Round sleeve, 30-Through hole one, 31-Ratchet one, 32-External thread one, 33-Internal thread two, 34-Ratchet two, 35-Groove one, 36-Internal thread three, 37-Clamping post, 38-Spring coil, 39-Groove two, 40-Scale line, 41-T-slot, 42-Wire ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them.

[0040] Reference Figures 1-2 The bridge overturning assessment bearing void area detection device of this embodiment includes a ring hoop, a flexible winding wire, and several flexible guy wires. The ring hoop can be fitted around the outer periphery of the pier. The ring hoop is provided with an orientation adjustment device for adjusting the orientation of the ring hoop. The ring hoop is provided with a flexible winding wire pre-tightening device for applying pre-tightening force to both ends of the flexible winding wire. The ring hoop is uniformly provided with several flexible guy wire through holes in its circumference. A flexible guy wire pre-tightening device is provided at each flexible guy wire through hole. The flexible guy wire is provided in each flexible guy wire through hole. One end of the flexible guy wire is connected to the flexible guy wire pre-tightening device at the flexible guy wire through hole where it is located, and the other end of the flexible guy wire is slidably connected to the flexible winding wire. In this embodiment, the bearing detachment area detection device for bridge overturning assessment involves placing a hoop around the outer perimeter of the pier. The hoop is then adjusted using an orientation adjustment device until its plane is flush with the contact surface of the detached bearing. A flexible winding is then wound around the contact surface of the detached bearing once. Both ends of the flexible winding are then tightened using a flexible winding pre-tightening device, applying a pre-tightening force. Simultaneously, due to the sliding connection between the flexible guy wire and the flexible winding, the end connecting the flexible guy wire and the flexible winding will slide as the flexible winding wraps around the contact surface of the detached bearing. Finally, after the flexible winding is pre-tightened, the connection points of each flexible guy wire and the flexible winding are distributed circumferentially along the contact surface of the detached bearing (see [reference]). Figure 2The flexible guy wire pre-tensioning device ensures that each flexible guy wire is always taut. Then, by measuring the distances between the flexible guy wire's through-hole and the connection point between the flexible guy wire and the flexible winding, as well as the angle information of each flexible guy wire, geometric calculations can be used to calculate the position information of the connection point between each flexible guy wire and the flexible winding. This position information allows determination of the outer contour information of the contact surface after the support is detached, thereby enabling the measurement of the detachment area of ​​the entire support contact region. The above calculation process is a geometric calculation process; those skilled in the art can perform the calculation using conventional geometric algorithms, and this utility model does not impose specific limitations.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the ring hoop is equipped with an angle measuring device 7. The angle measuring device 7 is used to measure the angle between the flexible wire and the position point of the flexible wire through hole on the ring hoop after each flexible wire is tightened. Using the angle measuring device 7 allows for convenient and quick acquisition of the angle information of each flexible wire, which helps improve measurement efficiency.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the top of the ring hoop is provided with a circumferential groove, and the angle measuring device 7 includes a slider and a scale connected to the slider. The slider is adapted to the groove, and the ring hoop and the angle measuring device 7 are slidably connected through the groove and the slider. Therefore, this utility model can measure the angle of the flexible wire at various positions by setting an angle measuring device 7, which simplifies the device. Specifically, during measurement, the angle measuring device 7 is slid along the groove to the corresponding flexible wire through hole to perform the measurement. The scale is perpendicular to the central axis of the ring hoop. The scale is a protractor with a 0° mark on it. The 0° mark is set along the radial direction of the ring hoop. During measurement, the end of the 0° mark near the ring hoop is aligned with the flexible wire through hole. The protractor has scale lines distributed on both sides of the 0° mark. This scale line setting facilitates direct reading of the angle of the flexible wire.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the ring hoop is circular in shape, which facilitates the measurement of the angle and length of the flexible wire. The ring hoop is set as a segmented and detachable type, which makes it easy to set the ring hoop around the bridge pier. The specific detachable form can be flexibly adapted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, as long as it can be ensured that the ring hoop can be fitted around the outer periphery of the bridge pier after being disassembled, and then the segments can be connected into a whole to ensure the rigidity of the ring hoop.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the orientation adjustment device includes at least three (generally three are sufficient) telescopic rods with adjustable lengths. The telescopic rods are evenly arranged circumferentially around the ring and connected to the lower part of the ring. Each telescopic rod includes an upper support rod 15 and a lower support rod 16. The upper end of the upper support rod 15 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the ring, and the lower end of the upper support rod 15 has an inner hole. The upper end of the lower support rod 16 is inserted into the inner hole at the lower end of the upper support rod 15. A threaded hole is formed on the side wall of the upper support rod 15 at the inner hole, and a fastening screw 17 is threaded into this threaded hole. The fastening screw 17 allows for relative sliding or relative fixing between the upper support rod 15 and the lower support rod 16. When adjusting the orientation of the ring, the length of each telescopic rod can be adjusted. If leveling is required, a spirit level can be used.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, two flexible winding pre-tightening devices are provided, and the two flexible winding pre-tightening devices are respectively located at both ends of a certain diameter direction of the ring hoop.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the flexible winding pre-tightening device adopts a pre-tightening ratchet 5. The pre-tightening ratchet 5 includes a ratchet ring 22, a spring 23, a spring sleeve 24, a rotating cylinder 25, and a cylindrical sleeve 29. The cylindrical sleeve 29 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and its outer wall is provided with external threads. One end of the cylindrical sleeve 29 is fixedly connected to a ring hoop. The rotating cylinder 25 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and its outer surface is a stepped surface. The inner surface of the end of the rotating cylinder 25 with a larger outer diameter is provided with an internal thread 33. The rotating cylinder 25 is threadedly connected to the external thread of the cylindrical sleeve 29 through the internal thread 33. The stepped surface of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 25 is provided with a ratchet tooth 31. The section of the rotating cylinder 25 with a smaller outer diameter is away from the stepped surface. An external thread 32 is provided at the position of the stepped surface. The ratchet ring 22 is a circular structure and is sleeved on the outside of the smaller diameter section of the rotating cylinder 25. A second ratchet 34 is provided on the side of the ratchet ring 22 facing the stepped surface. The first ratchet 31 and the second ratchet 34 mesh with each other. The inner wall of one end of the spring cylinder 24 is provided with an internal thread 36 that mates with the external thread 32. The spring cylinder 24 and the rotating cylinder 25 are connected by the external thread 32 and the internal thread 36. A spring 23 is provided between the ratchet ring 22 and the spring cylinder 24. The spring 23 is sleeved on the outside of the small diameter section of the rotating cylinder 25 and is in a compressed state. A flexible winding fixing device is provided at the end of the small diameter section of the rotating cylinder 25. Both the circular sleeve 29 and the flexible winding fixing device are provided with through holes for the flexible winding to pass through. In this embodiment, after the flexible winding is unwound from the support and the contact surface is rotated once, the end of the flexible winding is passed through the through hole in the circular sleeve 29 and the flexible winding fixing device. First, one end of the flexible winding is clamped using a pre-tightening ratchet 5 flexible winding fixing device, and then the other end of the flexible winding is pulled. After the flexible winding appears taut, this end is clamped again using another pre-tightening ratchet 5 flexible winding fixing device. Then, the spring cylinder 24 is rotated. At this time, due to the elastic action of the spring 23, the second ratchet 34 rotates with the rotating spring cylinder 24. The second ratchet 34 then drives the rotating cylinder 25 to rotate through the first ratchet 31. The rotating cylinder 25 then moves to the right relative to the circular sleeve 29. Figure 10In the indicated orientation, the rotating cylinder 25 moves the flexible winding fixing device to the right, further tightening the flexible winding. As the spring cylinder 24 continues to rotate, once the tension on the flexible winding reaches a certain level, ratchet 1 31 and ratchet 2 34 slide relative to each other. Even after further rotation of the spring cylinder 24, the rotating cylinder 25 no longer moves to the right, and the tension on the flexible winding remains constant. After measurement, the preload on the flexible winding can be released by directly rotating the cylinder 25 to the left. In the above structure, the right end of the spring cylinder 24 and the right end of the rotating cylinder 25 can also be connected by a rotatable connection. That is, the spring cylinder 24 and the rotating cylinder 25 are not provided with the aforementioned internal thread 36 and external thread 32. Instead, the rotating cylinder 25 is provided with an annular groove at the position of external thread 32, and the spring cylinder 24 is provided with an inner flange or slider at the position of thread 36 that is adapted to the aforementioned sliding groove. The inner flange or slider is embedded in the annular groove, thereby realizing the rotatable connection between the spring cylinder 24 and the rotating cylinder 25. The usage process is the same as described above.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the flexible winding fixing device includes a cross nut 28 and a nut 27 that mates with the cross nut 28. The cross nut 28 is a T-shaped nut with a through hole 30 on its inner side, and the top of the cross nut 28 is configured with a cross-petal structure, allowing for adaptive shrinkage. Figure 14 The cross nut 28 is in contact with the rotating cylinder 25, meaning the large end of the cross nut 28 is blocked on the right side by the small end of the rotating cylinder 25 (see...). Figure 10 The cross-shaped petal structure at the top of the cross nut 28 has an external thread that engages with the nut 27, as shown in Figures 15(a) and 15(b). The nut 27 engages with the cross nut 28. The nut 27 has a through hole 30 for the flexible winding to pass through. In use, the flexible winding is passed through the through hole 30 in the cross nut 28 and the nut 27. The nut 27 is then threadedly connected to the cross-shaped petal structure at the top of the cross nut 28. During the tightening of the nut 27, the cross-shaped petal structure contracts and clamps the flexible winding.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the flexible wire pre-tensioning device includes an elastic storage cylinder 6. One end of the flexible wire is wound around the elastic storage cylinder 6, which is used to wind and tighten the flexible wire. The structure of the elastic storage cylinder 6 is similar to that of an automatically retractable steel tape measure. The flexible wire can be wound into the elastic storage cylinder 6 through an internal elastic structure (such as a helical spring). This structure is a mature technology in the field, and this application does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the flexible winding uses steel wire with a diameter not exceeding 1 mm, and the flexible drawing wire uses carbon fiber filaments with a diameter not exceeding 1 mm; see also Figure 17 A flexible loop 42 is provided at one end where the flexible draw wire and the flexible winding wire are connected. The loop 42 is fitted onto the flexible winding wire, and its circumference is more than five times the diameter of the flexible winding wire, thus achieving a sliding connection between the flexible draw wire and the flexible winding wire. The flexible draw wire and the flexible winding wire can be integrally formed. When the flexible draw wire is tensioned, the loop 42 is stretched into a segment, the length of which is half the circumference of the loop. The above materials ensure that both the flexible winding wire and the flexible draw wire have a certain degree of deformation capacity (referring to bending capacity), but the elongation of these two materials under the required measurement force is very small and can be ignored, thus obtaining relatively accurate measurement results.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, to facilitate obtaining the distance between the flexible pull line and the connection point between the flexible pull line and the flexible winding (this point is not a fixed connection point, but the contact point between the loop 42 and the flexible pull line) after the flexible pull line is tensioned, a scale is set on the flexible pull line near the flexible pull line through the hole. The value displayed on this scale is the length from the connection point of the flexible pull line and the flexible winding to the scale line, which makes it easy to read the corresponding data. Alternatively, a flexible pull line of fixed length and a loop 42 of fixed circumference can be used, with a scaled ruler 8 connected to the end of the flexible pull line. The length of the scale displayed on the ruler 8 plus the length of the flexible pull line and half the circumference of the loop 42 equals the length from the connection point of the flexible pull line and the flexible winding to the scale line.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This embodiment of the bridge overturning assessment bearing detachment area detection device includes ring hoop 1 (2), ring hoop 2 (3), ring hoop 3 (4), pre-tightening ratchet (5), elastic storage cylinder (6), angle measuring device (7), ruler (8), guy wire 1 (9), steel wire rope 1 (10), and steel wire rope 2 (11). For details of the interconnections between the parts, see [link to details]. Figures 1-2 The flexible draw wire in this embodiment includes the aforementioned ruler strip 8 and draw wire 9, and the flexible winding wire includes the aforementioned steel wire rope 10 and steel wire rope 2 11.

[0053] Contact surface 12 is the effective contact surface with the bottom of the main beam when the support 1 part is detached.

[0054] In this embodiment, the hoop is circular in shape and its structure is segmented and detachable. Specifically, the hoop includes hoop one 2, hoop two 3, and hoop three 4, all of which are annular structures, with cross-sections as shown in the figure. Figure 3As shown, the material is aluminum alloy. Each of the rings 2, 3, and 4 has a T-slot 41 on its upper side. An angle measuring device 7 is embedded within each T-slot 41. The slider of the angle measuring device 7 is a T-shaped slider adapted to the T-slot 41, allowing the angle measuring device 7 to slide along the T-slot 41 on the rings 2, 3, and 4. The rings 2, 3, and 4 can be joined to form a 360° circle. The arc angles of the rings 2, 3, and 4 are 10°, 170°, and 180°, respectively.

[0055] Each of the ring 2, ring 3, and ring 4 is equipped with several elastic storage cylinders 6 and perforations 13. The elastic storage cylinders 6 are arranged at equal intervals of 25-30° along the circumference. Each of the ring 3 and ring 4 is equipped with a pre-tightening ratchet 5. The elastic storage cylinder 6 is a hollow cylindrical structure with a clamping post 37 and a spring coil 38 on its inner side. This structure is similar to the winding structure of a steel tape measure. Specifically, the clamping post 37 is a cylinder with a groove in the middle, which is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the elastic storage cylinder 6. The spring coil 38 is a coiled spring sheet, one end of which is embedded in the groove of the clamping post 37 and the other end is bound to the ruler strip 8, as shown in the diagram. Figure 16 As shown, the ruler 8 passes through the through hole 13 (i.e., the flexible pull wire through hole) on the ring hoop. Pulling the ruler 8 outward causes the spring coil 38 to store force. When the ruler 8 is released, the spring coil 38 uses elastic restoring force to cause the rack 8 to be wound up and retracted.

[0056] Perforation 13 is an elliptical through-hole with a smooth surface, such as... Figure 3 As shown in Figure 4. The pre-tightening ratchet 5 and the elastic storage cylinder 6 are both provided with through holes 13 at their corresponding positions. The left side of the ring clamp 12 has a bolt hole 28 and a pin 19, and the right side has a bolt hole 28 and a pin sleeve 20, as shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b). One side of the ring clamp 23 has a bolt hole 28 and a pin sleeve 20, as shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b). One side of the ring clamp 34 has a bolt hole 28 and a pin 19, as shown in Figure 4(a) and 4(b). Figures 6-7 As shown.

[0057] Ring 2 and ring 3 are hinged together by pin 19 and pin sleeve 20, and can rotate relative to each other about the Z-axis (i.e., vertically). Ring 2 and ring 4 can rotate about the Y-axis. After the short bolt passes through bolt hole 18, a solid connection can be achieved between ring 2, ring 3, and ring 4.

[0058] The ruler strip 8 is made of flat PVC material, 3mm-5mm wide and 1mm thick, with length measurement markings. One end of the ruler strip 8 extends into the elastic storage tube 6, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pull cord 9. The pull cord 9 is made of carbon fiber filaments, 1mm in diameter, with a tensile modulus of elasticity of over 36000MPa. A loop 42 is provided at the end of the pull cord 9; the loop 42 is made of the same material as the pull cord 9, forming an integrated structure. See [link / description]. Figure 17 Under tension, the loop 42 is straightened, and the total length of the loop 42 and the pull wire 9 is fixed at 400 cm. The material expansion and contraction caused by the tension is negligible. The loop 42 is fitted onto the flexible wound steel wire rope 11 and can slide along the steel wire rope 11 to prevent the pull wire 9 from tangling around the contact surface 12 and to keep the pull wire 9 perpendicular.

[0059] Wire rope 21 is a thin steel wire with a diameter of 1mm and a tensile strength of 20000MPa. It is typically fitted around the contact surface 12 of the support 1, and after wrapping around the contact surface 12, it is hooked to wire rope 10 on both the left and right sides. (See...) Figure 18 The second wire rope 11 has a hook at one end. The first wire rope 10 is a 2mm diameter wire rope with a tensile strength of 20000MPa. One end of the first wire rope 10 has a ring connected to the hook, and the other end is connected to the pre-tightening ratchet 5 through the through hole 13.

[0060] The number of ruler strips 8 and pull lines 9 on ring hoops 1, 2, 3, and 3 4 is the same as the number of elastic storage cylinders 6; the number of pre-tightening ratchet wheels 5 is the same as the number of steel wire ropes 2 11. The structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0061] The dial of the angle measuring instrument 7 has a fan-shaped structure, is made of plexiglass, and has graduation lines on it. (See attached image) Figure 9 When in use, the 0° mark on the dial of the angle measuring device 7 should be aligned with the axis of the entire ring. The dial is transparent for easy observation.

[0062] The bottom of the three structural combinations of ring hoops 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4 (i.e., ring hoops) has an inner bolt hole 14 every 120° along the circumference. The inner bolt hole 14 is threaded to the upper support rod 15. The upper support rod 15 is a cylindrical rod with a solid upper part and a hollow lower part, with threads on the outer side, and is made of aluminum alloy. The lower support rod 16 is a solid cylindrical rod with a diameter slightly smaller than the upper support rod 15. The upper support rod 15 and the lower support rod 16 are internally connected, as shown in the structure... Figure 8 As shown. The lower support rod 16 can slide along the upper support rod 15, and the relative positional relationship is fixed by the fastening screw 17.

[0063] The preload ratchet 5 includes a ratchet ring 22, a spring 23, a spring sleeve 24, a rotating cylinder 25, a spring post 26, a nut 27, a cross nut 28, and a round sleeve 29, all made of aluminum alloy. The round sleeve 29 is a hollow cylindrical structure with threads on the outside. The round sleeve 29 is fixedly connected to ring clamps 23 and 34. The rotating cylinder 25 is an irregularly shaped hollow cylindrical structure with internal threads 233 on the inside, which can engage with the external threads of the round sleeve 29. The structure is as follows. Figure 10 As shown. The outer side of the rotating cylinder 25 is provided with an external thread 32 and a ratchet tooth 31. The ratchet ring 22 is a circular structure with a second ratchet tooth 34. The first ratchet tooth 31 and the second ratchet tooth 34 mesh with each other, as shown in the diagram. Figure 10 As shown. The ratchet ring 22 has a groove 35 for holding the spring 23. Several spring posts 26 are embedded in the ratchet ring 22 and the spring cylinder 24 to fix the position of the spring 23. The spring cylinder 24 is a hollow cylindrical irregular structure with an internal thread 36 on its inner side. The spring cylinder 24 is threadedly connected to the rotating cylinder 25 and can rotate around the rotating cylinder 25. The ratchet ring 22 and the rotating cylinder 25 are connected by ratchet teeth 31 and 34 meshing with each other.

[0064] The Phillips nut 28 is a T-shaped nut with a through hole 30 on the inside. Its top has a cross-shaped petal structure, allowing for adaptive shrinkage. The structure is as follows: Figure 14 As shown. The cross nut 28 is in contact with the rotating cylinder 25. The nut 27 mates with the cross nut 28 to tighten the diameter of the cross nut 28. It has a through hole 30 through which the wire rope 10 passes. The structure is as follows. Figure 17 As shown.

[0065] After initially tightening the wire rope 10 using the cross nut 28 and screw 27, the spring cylinder 24 can be further adjusted to continue tightening the wire rope 10. The spring column 26, spring 23, ratchet 1 31, and ratchet 2 34 work together to achieve a fixed torque P. When the rotational torque exceeds this fixed torque P, ratchet 1 31 and ratchet 2 34 rotate relative to each other, and the preload of the wire rope 10 reaches the fixed value P, preventing breakage of the wire rope 10 and ensuring that the preload of all wire ropes 10 in the bridge overturning assessment bearing void area detection device is uniform. Too little force will cause the wire rope 2 11 to not fit tightly against the contact surface 12, resulting in inaccurate measurement results; too much force will cause the wire rope 2 11 to penetrate into the contact surface 12, resulting in an underestimation of the measurement.

[0066] The ring hoop 12, elastic storage tube 6, ruler strip 8, pull line 29, pin 19 and pin sleeve 20 are all factory-pre-designed structures.

[0067] The ring 23, pre-tightening ratchet 5, elastic storage tube 6, ruler 8, pull line 29, and pin sleeve 20 are all factory-pre-designed structures.

[0068] The ring hoop 3 4, pre-tightening ratchet 5, elastic storage tube 6, ruler 8, pull line 2 9, and pin 19 are all factory-pre-designed structures.

[0069] During installation, ring 2 and ring 3 are rotated and unfolded via pin 19, and ring 3 and ring 4 are rotated and unfolded via pin 19. This allows ring 2, ring 3, and ring 4 to surround the support.

[0070] Connect the upper support rod 15 to the bolt hole 14 at the bottom of the first ring 2, second ring 3, and third ring 4. Adjust the relative position of the upper support rod 15 and the lower support rod 16 by tightening the screws 17, so that the plane of the first ring 2, second ring 3, and third ring 4 is in the same plane as the contact surface 12 after the support is dislodged.

[0071] Then, wire rope 211 is looped around support 1 and inserted into the gap after the support is dislodged, so that wire rope 211 tightly contacts contact surface 12. After looping around support 1, one end of wire rope 211 is connected to the hook of wire rope 10 on ring 23, and the other end is connected to the hook of wire rope 10 on ring 34. Adjust the pre-tightening ratchet 5 to tighten wire rope 10, making the contact surface 12 of wire rope 21 even tighter.

[0072] The angle measuring device 7 is used to measure the tilt angle and extension length of the ruler strip 8, and the data is recorded. By combining the combined length of the ruler strip 8 and the second string 9, and the angle of the ruler strip 8, the outer contour line of the contact surface 12 can be obtained, and thus the area and degree of separation of the support can be obtained.

[0073] 3. Ring hoop 2, 4. Ring hoop 3, 5. Pre-tightening ratchet, 6. Elastic storage tube, 7. Angle measuring device, 8. Ruler strip, 9. Pull line 2, 10. Steel wire rope 1, 11. Steel wire rope 2, 12. Contact surface, 13. Through hole, 14. Bolt hole 1, 15. Upper support rod, 16. Lower support rod, 17. Fastening screw, 18. Bolt hole 2, 19. Pin shaft, 20. Pin shaft sleeve, 11. Short bolt.

[0074] This utility model uses the combination of flexible pre-tensioned steel wire rope 10 and steel wire rope 21 to accurately measure the area of ​​the support detachment by using two variables: circumferential angle and length. This allows for further assessment of the support contact state and overturning risk of the bridge, and has significant economic and technical advantages compared with similar bridge displacement detection methods.

[0075] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the area of ​​bearing voids in bridge overturning assessment, characterized in that, The system includes a hoop, a flexible winding, and several flexible guy wires. The hoop can be fitted around the outer periphery of the pier. The hoop is equipped with an orientation adjustment device for adjusting its orientation and a flexible winding pre-tightening device for applying pre-tightening force to both ends of the flexible winding. The hoop has several flexible guy wire through holes evenly distributed around its circumference. A flexible guy wire pre-tightening device is provided at each flexible guy wire through hole. Each flexible guy wire through hole contains a flexible guy wire. One end of the flexible guy wire is connected to the flexible guy wire pre-tightening device at its corresponding through hole, and the other end of the flexible guy wire is slidably connected to the flexible winding.

2. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An angle measuring device (7) is provided on the ring hoop. The angle measuring device (7) is used to measure the angle between the flexible wire and the position point of the flexible wire through hole on the ring hoop after each flexible wire is tightened.

3. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the ring hoop is provided with a groove around the circumference. The angle measuring device (7) includes a slider and a scale connected to the slider. The slider is adapted to the groove. The ring hoop and the angle measuring device (7) are slidably connected through the groove and the slider. The scale is perpendicular to the central axis of the ring hoop. The scale is a protractor. The protractor has a 0° mark. The 0° mark is set along the radial direction of the ring hoop. The protractor has scale lines distributed on both sides of the 0° mark.

4. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring is circular in shape and is designed to be segmented and detachable.

5. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orientation adjustment device includes at least three telescopic rods with adjustable length. The telescopic rods are evenly arranged around the circumference of the ring and connected to the lower part of the ring. The telescopic rods include an upper support rod (15) and a lower support rod (16). The upper end of the upper support rod (15) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the ring. The lower end of the upper support rod (15) has an inner hole. The upper end of the lower support rod (16) is inserted into the inner hole of the lower end of the upper support rod (15). The side wall of the upper support rod (15) has a threaded hole at the inner hole. A fastening screw (17) is threaded into the threaded hole. The fastening screw (17) can make the upper support rod (15) and the lower support rod (16) slide relative to each other or be fixed relative to each other.

6. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two flexible winding pre-tightening devices are provided, and the two flexible winding pre-tightening devices are respectively located at both ends of a certain diameter direction of the ring hoop.

7. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible winding pre-tightening device adopts a pre-tightening ratchet (5), which includes a ratchet ring (22), a spring (23), a spring sleeve (24), a rotating cylinder (25), and a round sleeve (29). The round sleeve (29) has a hollow cylindrical structure, and its outer wall is provided with an external thread. One end of the round sleeve (29) is fixedly connected to a ring hoop. The rotating cylinder (25) has a hollow cylindrical structure, and its outer surface is a stepped surface. The inner surface of the end of the rotating cylinder (25) with a larger outer diameter is provided with an internal thread two (33). The rotating cylinder (25) is threadedly connected to the external thread of the round sleeve (29) through the internal thread two (33). The stepped surface of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (25) is provided with a ratchet one (31). A first external thread (32) is provided at a position away from the step surface of the smaller outer diameter section of the rotating cylinder (25). The ratchet ring (22) is a circular structure and is sleeved on the outside of the smaller outer diameter section of the rotating cylinder (25). A second ratchet (34) is provided on the side of the ratchet ring (22) facing the step surface. The first ratchet (31) and the second ratchet (34) mesh with each other. The inner wall of one end of the spring cylinder (24) is provided with an internal thread (36) that mates with the first external thread (32). The spring cylinder (24) and the rotating cylinder (25) are connected by the first external thread (32) and the third internal thread (36). A spring (23) is provided between the ratchet ring (22) and the spring cylinder (24). The spring (23) is sleeved on the outside of the smaller diameter section of the rotating cylinder (25) and is in a compressed state. The end of the small diameter section of the rotating cylinder (25) is provided with a flexible winding fixing device, and both the round sleeve (29) and the flexible winding fixing device are provided with through holes for the flexible winding to pass through.

8. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flexible winding fixing device includes a cross nut (28) and a nut (27) that mates with the cross nut (28). The cross nut (28) is a T-shaped nut with a through hole (30) on its inner side. The top of the cross nut (28) is designed with a cross petal structure, which can be adaptively contracted. The cross nut (28) is in contact with the rotating cylinder (25). The top of the cross nut (28) is provided with an external thread that mates with the nut (27). The nut (27) mates with the cross nut (28). The nut (27) is provided with a through hole (30) for the flexible winding to pass through.

9. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible wire pre-tensioning device includes an elastic storage cylinder (6), one end of the flexible wire is wound in the elastic storage cylinder (6), and the elastic storage cylinder (6) is used to wind and tighten the flexible wire.

10. The bearing void area detection device for bridge overturning assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible winding uses steel wire with a diameter of no more than 1 mm, and the flexible pull wire uses carbon fiber filament with a diameter of no more than 1 mm. A flexible loop (42) is provided at one end of the flexible pull wire connected to the flexible winding. The loop (42) is sleeved on the flexible winding, and the circumference of the loop (42) is more than 5 times the diameter of the flexible winding.

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