A tunnel top arch settlement monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of tunnel top arch settlement monitoring devices, including adjustable support assembly, the adjustable support assembly is provided with two, with the vertical center line S of tunnel as center symmetry arrangement, support component, the upper end of the support component is in the top of the vertical center line of tunnel, connecting arm, the connecting arm is provided with two, the connecting arm is rotatably connected between the adjustable support assembly and support component;The device can be installed in the settlement monitoring point of tunnel, equipment structure is simple, staff records the initial position of slider after equipment installation is completed, when second reinspection, only need to observe the position of slider, determine whether slider is shifted, whether the vault top can be determined to settle, observation is more rapid, the structure of the device is simple, low in cost, suitable for use widely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a tunnel arch settlement monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Before tunnel lining, there may be subsidence of the crown, or blasting operations may cause vibrations to existing nearby tunnels. Timely monitoring is necessary during construction to ensure safety.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used methods for monitoring the settlement of the arch fin are mainly the level instrument method for measuring the settlement of the arch fin and the total station method for observing the settlement of the arch fin. These methods require real-time monitoring, are relatively cumbersome to operate, and require frequent relocation of monitoring equipment when monitoring multiple locations.

[0004] Based on the above problems, we designed a tunnel arch settlement monitoring device that can be installed in situ for real-time monitoring of arch settlement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a tunnel arch settlement monitoring device that can be installed in situ for real-time monitoring of arch settlement.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A tunnel arch settlement monitoring device, comprising,

[0008] The adjustable support assembly comprises two components, arranged symmetrically about the vertical centerline S of the tunnel.

[0009] A support component, the upper end of which rests against the top of the vertical centerline of the tunnel.

[0010] The connecting arm has two arms, which are rotatably connected between the adjustable bracket assembly and the support component.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustable support assembly includes a base, a slide block, and a slider. The base is fixed to the tunnel floor. A through T-shaped groove is machined on the top of the base, and a recess is machined at the bottom of the T-shaped groove. One end of the recess is closed, and the other end is through. A drive screw is inserted at the closed end of the recess. A bearing is fitted between the drive screw and the base. One end of the drive screw is inserted into the recess, and the other end is located outside the base. The end outside the base is provided with a force-bearing end. The slide block is slidably fitted within the T-shaped groove. A drive plate is provided near the rear end of the bottom of the slide block, and the drive plate is fitted with the slide block. The drive plate has a nut that mates with the drive screw. When the drive screw rotates, the drive plate slides along the groove. A first T-shaped groove is machined on the top of the slide block. One end of the first T-shaped groove is closed, and the other end extends forward. A guide rod is provided in the first T-shaped groove and extends to the outside of the first T-shaped groove. The slider is installed in the first T-shaped groove. The slider has a guide hole that passes through the guide rod. A rotating seat is provided on the top of the slider. The connecting arm is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. A support spring is sleeved on the guide rod and supports the slider.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the guide rod extending outside the first T-groove is fitted with a limiting nut.

[0013] Preferably, the support component includes a bracket block, a sleeve, a movable tube, and an adjusting screw. The bracket block has pins coaxially arranged at both ends, and the pins are rotatably connected to the two connecting arms respectively. A threaded hole is machined at the center of the top of the bracket block, and the adjusting screw is screwed into the threaded hole. The movable tube is welded to the bottom of the bracket block and is coaxial with the threaded hole. The lower end of the movable tube is movably inserted into the sleeve. A base is provided at the bottom of the sleeve, and the base is fixed to the ground of the tunnel.

[0014] Preferably, a scale is machined on the top of the slide block on the side of the first T-shaped groove, and an arrow marking corresponding to the scale is provided on the side of the slider.

[0015] Preferably, a second T-shaped groove is machined on both sides of the base, the second T-shaped groove vertically penetrates the base, a support rod is slidably fitted in the second T-shaped groove, a fixing screw for fixing the support rod is screwed into the outside of the base, a connecting plate is provided at the bottom of the support rod, and a connecting hole is drilled on the surface of the connecting plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This device can be installed at fixed points in the settlement monitoring area of ​​the tunnel. The equipment has a simple structure. After the equipment is installed, the staff records the initial position of the slider. During the second inspection, it is only necessary to observe the position of the slider to determine whether the slider has slipped, which can determine whether the arch has settled. The observation is relatively quick. The device has a simple structure and low cost, making it suitable for widespread use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an installation diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the device;

[0021] Figure 3 A 3D view of the adjustable support assembly;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the base;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slider installation.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a magnified view of point A;

[0025] Figure 7 This is the front view of the supporting component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0027] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features for a similar purpose, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "center", "end", "length", "outer end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0029] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "socket," "connect," "through," and "plug-in" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] See Figure 1 The tunnel arch settlement monitoring device shown includes,

[0032] Adjustable support assembly 1, wherein two adjustable support assemblies 1 are provided, arranged symmetrically about the vertical centerline S of the tunnel.

[0033] Support component 2, the upper end of which abuts against the top of the vertical centerline of the tunnel.

[0034] Connecting arm 3, two connecting arms 3 are provided, and the connecting arms 3 are rotatably connected between the adjustable bracket assembly 1 and the support component 2.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the adjustable support assembly 1 is arranged symmetrically with the center line S as the center line of symmetry, and the adjustable support assembly 1 is fixed to the ground.

[0036] With the adjustment of the adjustable bracket assembly 1, and supported by the connecting arms 3 on both sides, the support component 2 presses against the arch of the tunnel.

[0037] Staff members conduct manual inspections every 2 to 4 days to observe the amount of settlement.

[0038] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the adjustable support assembly 1 includes a base 11, a slide block 12, and a slider 13. The base 11 is fixed to the ground of the tunnel. A through T-shaped groove 111 is machined on the top of the base 11, and a groove 112 is machined at the bottom of the T-shaped groove 111. One end of the groove 112 is closed, and the other end is through. A drive screw 113 is inserted at the closed end of the groove 112. A bearing 114 is fitted between the drive screw 113 and the base 11. One end of the drive screw 113 is inserted into the groove 112, and the other end is located outside the base 11. A force-bearing end 178 is provided at the end outside the base 11. The slide block 12 is slidably fitted in the T-shaped groove 111. A drive plate 121 is provided near the rear end of the bottom of the slide block 12, and the drive plate 121 is fitted into the groove 112. Within 2, the drive plate 121 has a nut that cooperates with the drive screw 113. When the drive screw 113 rotates, the drive plate 121 slides along the groove 112. A first T-shaped groove 122 is machined on the top of the slide block 12. One end of the first T-shaped groove 122 is closed, and the other end extends forward. A guide rod 123 is provided in the first T-shaped groove 122. The guide rod 123 extends to the outside of the first T-shaped groove 122. The slider 13 is installed in the first T-shaped groove 122. The slider 13 has a guide hole 131 that passes through the guide rod 123. A rotating seat 132 is provided on the top of the slider 13. The connecting arm 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 132. A support spring 125 is sleeved on the guide rod 123. The support spring 125 supports the slider 13.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the position of the base 11 can be roughly determined. By rotating the drive screw 113, the position of the slide block 12 can be adjusted so that the two sliders 13 are arranged symmetrically with the center line S as the center of symmetry.

[0040] After the above adjustments are completed, the support spring 125 supports the slider 13, so that the connecting arm 3 is subjected to force, and the upper end of the support component 2 is always pressed against the arch of the tunnel.

[0041] After fixing, record the position of slider 13.

[0042] During the later stages of the investigation, simply observe whether slider 13 has shifted.

[0043] See Figure 5 As shown, the end of the guide rod 123 that extends to the outside of the first T-groove 122 is fitted with a limit nut 124.

[0044] The limiting nut 124 limits the outward movement of the slider 13.

[0045] See Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the support component 2 includes a bracket block 21, a sleeve 22, a movable tube 23, and an adjusting screw 24. The two ends of the bracket block 21 are coaxially provided with pins 211, which are rotatably connected to the two connecting arms 3 respectively. A threaded hole is machined at the center of the top of the bracket block 21, and the adjusting screw 24 is screwed into the threaded hole. The movable tube 23 is welded to the bottom of the bracket block 21 and is coaxial with the threaded hole. The lower end of the movable tube 23 is movably inserted into the sleeve 22. A base plate 221 is provided at the bottom of the sleeve 22, and the base plate 221 is fixed to the ground of the tunnel.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the chassis 221 acts on the ground of the tunnel and is located at the center line S.

[0047] The chassis 221 is fixed to the ground with expansion bolts.

[0048] Through the cooperation of sleeve 22 and movable tube 23, the support block 21 can only move vertically up and down.

[0049] The upper end of adjusting screw 24 is pressed against the arch of the tunnel.

[0050] See Figure 5 As shown, a scale 199 is machined on the side of the first T-shaped groove 122 at the top of the slide block 12, and an arrow mark 198 corresponding to the scale 199 is provided on the side of the slider 13.

[0051] The combination of scale 199 and arrow mark 198 facilitates the recording of the displacement of slider 13.

[0052] See Figure 3 As shown, a second T-shaped groove 1111 is machined on both sides of the base 11. The second T-shaped groove 1111 vertically penetrates the base 11. A support rod 1112 is slidably fitted in the second T-shaped groove 1111. A fixing screw 1113 for fixing the support rod 1112 is screwed into the outside of the base 11. A connecting plate 1114 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 1112. A connecting hole 1115 is drilled on the surface of the connecting plate 1114.

[0053] In the above technical solution, the base 11 can be leveled and its height adjusted by sliding the support rod 1112. After adjustment, it can be locked by fixing screw 1113.

[0054] After adjustment, the position of the base 11 is fixed by using the connecting hole 1115 and the ground bolt.

[0055] The monitoring method for crown settlement using this device is as follows:

[0056] 1. First, determine the monitoring points for tunnel arch settlement.

[0057] 2. Then install the two adjustable support components 1 to the predetermined positions and arrange them symmetrically with the center line S of the tunnel as the center line;

[0058] 3. After the two adjustable bracket components 1 are installed, fix the chassis 221 to the ground of the tunnel, and fix it at the center line S. Then screw the adjusting screw 24 up so that the upper end of the adjusting screw 24 is against the arch of the tunnel.

[0059] 4. Record the position of slider 13, and then repeatedly observe and record it during construction. When the tunnel arch settles, it will push the adjusting screw 24 downward. The downward movement of the adjusting screw 24 will drive the connecting arms 3 on both sides, and then the connecting arms 3 will push slider 13 to move. When the arch does not settle, the spring provides elastic support to slider 13, so that the adjusting screw 24 is always subjected to an upward force.

[0060] First data record

[0061] Record the value of scale 199 corresponding to arrow mark 198 on slider 13 (accurate to 0.5mm), and take a picture for archiving.

[0062] Reflective marking stickers are affixed to the side of support block 21 to facilitate later verification with the total station.

[0063] Manual observation: Measure the displacement of slider 13 with vernier calipers every 48 hours and compare it with the initial value. If the change in readings is greater than 2mm for three consecutive times, an early warning should be activated.

[0064] Automated assistance (optional): A displacement sensor (such as an LVDT) is installed on slider 13 and connected to an external data acquisition instrument via a data cable to achieve real-time monitoring.

[0065] Taking the monitoring of a subway tunnel as an example:

[0066] The device installation took 40 minutes, and the initial scale was recorded as left slider = 25.0 mm and right slider = 24.5 mm.

[0067] On the fifth day of construction, the left slider was found to have shifted to 26.2 mm. After investigation, it was found to be localized creep of the surrounding rock. After timely reinforcement of the support, the displacement tended to stabilize.

[0068] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0069] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0070] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0071] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0072] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel arch settlement monitoring device, characterized in that: include, Adjustable support assembly (1), two of which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical centerline S of the tunnel. Support component (2), the upper end of which abuts against the top of the vertical centerline of the tunnel. Connecting arm (3), two connecting arms (3) are provided, and the connecting arm (3) is rotatably connected between the adjustable bracket assembly (1) and the support component (2).

2. The tunnel arch settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable support assembly (1) includes a base (11), a slide (12), and a slider (13). The base (11) is fixed to the ground of the tunnel. A through T-shaped groove (111) is machined on the top of the base (11). A groove (112) is machined at the bottom of the T-shaped groove (111). One end of the groove (112) is closed, and the other end is through. A drive screw (113) is inserted at the closed end of the groove (112). The drive screw (113) is connected to the base (111) to the slide (12). A bearing (114) is fitted between the bases (11). One end of the drive screw (113) is inserted into the groove (112), and the other end is located outside the base (11). The end located outside the base (11) is provided with a force-bearing end (178). The slide (12) is slidably fitted in the T-groove (111). A drive plate (121) is provided near the rear end of the bottom of the slide (12). The drive plate (121) is fitted into the groove (112). The drive plate (121) has a nut that engages with the drive screw (113). When the drive screw (113) rotates, the drive plate (121) slides along the groove (112). A first T-groove (122) is machined on the top of the slide block (12). One end of the first T-groove (122) is closed, and the other end extends forward. A guide rod (123) is provided in the first T-groove (122). The guide rod (123) extends to the... Outside the first T-groove (122), the slider (13) is installed in the first T-groove (122). The slider (13) has a guide hole (131) through which the guide rod (123) passes. A rotating seat (132) is provided on the top of the slider (13). The connecting arm (3) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (132). A support spring (125) is sleeved on the guide rod (123) and the support spring (125) supports the slider (13).

3. The tunnel arch settlement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the guide rod (123) that extends outside the first T-groove (122) is fitted with a limit nut (124).

4. The tunnel arch settlement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support component (2) includes a support block (21), a sleeve (22), a movable tube (23), and an adjusting screw (24). The two ends of the support block (21) are coaxially provided with pins (211), which are rotatably connected to the two connecting arms (3). A threaded hole is machined at the top center of the support block (21), and the adjusting screw (24) is screwed into the threaded hole. The movable tube (23) is welded to the bottom of the support block (21) and is coaxial with the threaded hole. The lower end of the movable tube (23) is movably inserted into the sleeve (22). A base plate (221) is provided at the bottom of the sleeve (22), and the base plate (221) is fixed to the ground of the tunnel.

5. The tunnel arch settlement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the top of the slide block (12), a scale (199) is machined on the side of the first T-groove (122), and an arrow mark (198) corresponding to the scale (199) is provided on the side of the slider (13).

6. The tunnel arch settlement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second T-shaped groove (1111) is machined on both sides of the base (11), the second T-shaped groove (1111) vertically penetrates the base (11), a support rod (1112) is slidably fitted in the second T-shaped groove (1111), a fixing screw (1113) for fixing the support rod (1112) is screwed into the outside of the base (11), a connecting plate (1114) is provided at the bottom of the support rod (1112), and a connecting hole (1115) is drilled on the surface of the connecting plate (1114).

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