A respirable dust separator
By employing a sheath flow design and a direct discharge mechanism for large particles, this technology addresses the limitations of existing respirable dust separators, achieving efficient and continuous dust separation that meets domestic separation standards, improves separation efficiency, and reduces cleaning frequency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing respirable dust separators cannot meet the separation standards of domestic workplaces. The particles inside cyclone separators are affected by a variety of random forces, making the separation process complex. Furthermore, the structures are closely connected, and the mechanism affecting separation efficiency is unclear.
Adopting a sheath flow design, the dust-laden gas is squeezed to the central axis by clean gas on both sides, reducing the collision between particles and the wall. Combined with the design of direct discharge of large particles, it achieves long-term and efficient separation, which meets the BMRC international separation standard.
It improves the efficiency and continuity of dust separation, reduces the frequency of equipment cleaning, meets domestic separation standards, and achieves efficient and continuous dust separation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224500073U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of dust separation equipment, specifically a respirable dust separator. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, there are three main types of instruments and equipment commonly used for respirable dust separation both domestically and internationally. These are developed based on horizontal cyclone separation technology, inertial impaction separation technology, and cyclone separation technology, respectively. Major manufacturers and suppliers include SKC (USA), TSI (USA), and BGIA (Germany). However, the separation standards of foreign separators all follow the ACGIH standard curve or ISO-7708 standard, making them unsuitable for dust separation in Chinese workplaces. Domestically, inertial impaction separators are still the primary type used. However, the separation process in cyclone separators is extremely complex due to the influence of various random forces on particles, and the close connections between the various structures make the mechanism affecting separation efficiency unclear. To address this technical problem, a respirable dust separator is proposed. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a respirable dust separator to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0005] A respirable dust separator includes: a sampling inlet, an accelerating channel, a main channel, a separation chamber, and an inner separation chamber. The accelerating channel is located at the top of the separation chamber, with its bottom outlet mounted on a first mounting hole at the top. The top inlet of the accelerating channel is connected to the output end of the sampling inlet. An array of at least two gas input ports is arranged outside the sampling inlet, and both gas input ports and the sampling inlet converge at the top inlet of the accelerating channel. An inner separation chamber is located inside the separation chamber, with a main channel between the inner separation chamber and its top. Gaps are formed between the inner separation chamber's perimeter and sidewalls. An inlet is located at the center of the top of the inner separation chamber, directly below the accelerating channel. The bottom of the inner separation chamber is open. An outlet with an outer diameter smaller than the top inlet is located at the center of the inner separation chamber. A secondary outlet is located at the end furthest from the large particle collection chamber, and a main channel outlet is located at the bottom of the separation chamber.
[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the large particle collection chamber is composed of a circular tube disposed inside the inner separation chamber.
[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model: the end of the large particle collection chamber passes through the side wall of the separation chamber, and the secondary flow outlet is located outside the separation chamber.
[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: the acceleration channel is a strip-shaped circular channel, and the cross-sectional area of the acceleration channel is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional area of the sampling inlet and the cross-sectional areas of multiple gas input interfaces.
[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model: the internal cavity of the separation chamber is cylindrical, and the distance between the upper sidewalls of the inner separation chamber and the sidewalls of the separation chamber gradually decreases from top to bottom.
[0010] As a further improvement of this invention, the gas input interface can be two, three, or four.
[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model: the gas input interface includes a first sheath flow inlet and a second sheath flow inlet, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sampling flow inlet.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: the clean gas flowing in from both sides of the sheath will squeeze the dust-laden gas near the central axis, minimizing the collision with the wall surface and causing particle loss, and large dust particles can be directly discharged into the atmosphere without frequent cleaning of the device, thus achieving long-term, efficient and continuous separation. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a respirable dust separator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0014] In the picture:
[0015] 1-Sampling flow inlet, 2-Acceleration flow channel, 3-Main flow channel, 4-Separation chamber, 5-Inner separation chamber, 6-Secondary flow outlet, 7-Main flow outlet, 101-First sheath flow inlet, 102-Second sheath flow inlet, 501-Large particle collection chamber. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0017] Example
[0018] Please see Figure 1This utility model provides a structural diagram of a respirable dust separator, which includes: a sampling inlet 1, an accelerating channel 2, a main channel 3, a separation chamber 4, and an inner separation chamber 5. The accelerating channel 2 is located at the top of the separation chamber 4, and its bottom outlet is installed in a first mounting hole at the top of the separation chamber 4. The top inlet of the accelerating channel 2 is connected to the output end of the sampling inlet 1. The external array of the sampling inlet 1 has at least two gas input interfaces, and both the gas input interfaces and the sampling inlet 1 converge at the top inlet of the accelerating channel 2. An inner separation chamber 5 is provided inside the separation chamber 4. A main flow channel 3 is provided between the inner separation chamber 5 and the top of the separation chamber 4. A gap is provided between the inner separation chamber 5 and the side wall of the separation chamber 4. An inlet is provided at the middle of the top of the inner separation chamber 5. The top inlet of the inner separation chamber 5 is located directly below the acceleration flow channel 2, and the bottom of the inner separation chamber 5 is open. A 501 is provided at the middle of the interior of the inner separation chamber 5. The outer diameter of the 501 is smaller than the top inlet of the inner separation chamber 5. The end of the 501 away from the large particle collection chamber 501 is the secondary flow outlet 6. A main flow outlet 7 is provided at the bottom of the separation chamber 4. The top periphery of the inner separation chamber 5 is lower than the middle of the top.
[0019] Specifically, sampling airflow at a moving speed is input into sampling inlet 1, while clean air is input into the gas input interfaces on both sides. The clean air enters through the sheath inlets on both sides, enveloping the sampling airflow. The dust-laden gas enters the main flow channel 3 through the acceleration section, where it splits into multiple airflows. Due to the greater inertia of particles larger than the cutting diameter, they will move in a straight line with the weaker airflow into the large particle collection chamber 501 in the middle, and then be discharged from the secondary outlet 6. However, small particles smaller than the cutting diameter have less inertia, and their trajectory will be deflected by the viscous force of the airflow. They will enter the main flow channels on both sides with the airflow and then be discharged from the main flow outlet 7. During this separation process, collisions and rebounds between particles and the wall often occur near the acceleration section and the separation chamber, which can cause unnecessary wall damage and reduce separation performance. However, the clean air entering from the sheath inlets on both sides will compress the dust-laden gas near the central axis, minimizing collisions with the wall and particle damage. Furthermore, large dust particles are directly discharged into the atmosphere, eliminating the need for frequent cleaning of the device, thus achieving long-term, efficient, and continuous separation.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the large particle collection chamber 501 may be composed of a circular tube disposed inside the inner separation chamber 5.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the large particle collection chamber 501 passes through the side wall of the separation chamber 4, and the secondary flow outlet 6 is located on the outside of the separation chamber 4.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the accelerating flow channel 2 is a strip-shaped circular channel, and the cross-sectional area of the accelerating flow channel 2 is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the sampling inlet 1 and the multiple gas input interfaces. This accelerates the input clean air and sampling airflow.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the internal chamber of the separation chamber 4 is cylindrical, and the distance between the upper sidewall of the inner separation chamber 5 and the sidewall of the separation chamber 4 gradually decreases from top to bottom.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the gas input interface can be two, three, or four.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are two gas input interfaces. Specifically, the gas input interfaces include a first sheath flow inlet 101 and a second sheath flow inlet 102, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sampling flow inlet 1.
[0026] This invention, based on classical virtual impact theory, replaces the impact plate in the impact separator with a cavity (i.e., a secondary flow channel), solving problems such as particle breakage and rebound at the impact plane. Addressing the issue of significant particle loss at the wall collision surface, the movement trajectory of the sampling airflow is controlled by introducing clean airflow at the side end, reducing particle loss at the wall collision surface and thus improving separation performance. Through simulation and experimentation, the main controlling factors affecting the continuous separation of respirable dust are investigated, and a virtual impact separator for respirable dust conforming to the BMRC international separation standard curve is developed, achieving continuous and efficient separation of respirable dust and improving the prevention and control level of occupational dust hazards. To address the insufficient description of the influence mechanism of different structural dimensions on the separation law, a two-phase flow numerical model of the "airflow-dust" migration motion inside a sheath-flow respirable dust separator is established. Structural parameters are optimized using simulation software, and the internal flow field characteristics of the model are analyzed to obtain the separation law of respirable dust under different structural parameters, laying the foundation for subsequent development of separators that meet the BMRC international separation standard.
[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0029] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A respirable dust separator, characterized in that, include: The sample flow inlet (1), main channel (3), separation chamber (4), and inner separation chamber (5) are provided. An acceleration channel (2) is provided on the top of the separation chamber (4). The bottom outlet of the acceleration channel (2) is installed on the first mounting hole on the top of the separation chamber (4). The top inlet of the acceleration channel (2) is connected to the output end of the sample flow inlet (1). The external array of the sample flow inlet (1) is provided with at least two gas input interfaces. At least two gas input interfaces and the sample flow inlet (1) all converge to the top inlet of the acceleration channel (2). An inner separation chamber (5) is provided inside the separation chamber (4). A space is provided between the inner separation chamber (5) and the top of the separation chamber (4). A main flow channel (3) is provided. A gap is provided between the inner separation chamber (5) and the side wall of the separation chamber (4). An inlet is provided at the middle of the top of the inner separation chamber (5). The inlet at the top of the inner separation chamber (5) is located directly below the acceleration flow channel (2). The bottom of the inner separation chamber (5) is set as an opening. A large particle collection chamber (501) is provided at the middle of the interior of the inner separation chamber (5). The outer diameter of the large particle collection chamber (501) is smaller than the inlet at the top of the inner separation chamber (5). The end of the large particle collection chamber (501) away from the large particle collection chamber (501) is a secondary flow outlet (6). A main flow outlet (7) is provided at the bottom of the separation chamber (4).
2. The respirable dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large particle collection chamber (501) consists of a circular tube disposed inside the inner separation chamber (5).
3. A respirable dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the large particle collection chamber (501) passes through the side wall of the separation chamber (4), and the secondary flow outlet (6) is located outside the separation chamber (4).
4. A respirable dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acceleration channel (2) is a strip-shaped circular channel, and the cross-sectional area of the acceleration channel (2) is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional area of the sampling inlet (1) and the cross-sectional areas of multiple gas input interfaces.
5. A respirable dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal chamber of the separation chamber (4) is cylindrical, and the distance between the upper sidewall of the inner separation chamber (5) and the sidewall of the separation chamber (4) gradually decreases from top to bottom.
6. A respirable dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas input interface may be two, three, or four.
7. A respirable dust separator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gas input interface includes a first sheath flow inlet (101) and a second sheath flow inlet (102), which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sampling flow inlet (1).