Sample tube feeding device and test analyzer

Abstract

The utility model relates to in-vitro diagnosis automation equipment technical field, concretely relates to a sample tube feeding device and test analysis appearance, sample tube feeding device, include: bunker, bottom has the opening, buffer mechanism, first feeding mechanism, including first elevating structure and first slide, second feeding mechanism, including second elevating structure and second slide, second slide has the material receiving state or feeding state, in material receiving state, second slide is butt jointed with first slide, in feeding state, second slide is butt jointed with buffer mechanism, wherein, the length of second slide is greater than the diameter size of sample tube, and less than the length size of sample tube. Through the cooperative matching of bunker, first feeding mechanism, second feeding mechanism and buffer mechanism, can realize that sample tube carries on continuous feeding with orderly and correct attitude, has improved the feeding efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automated in vitro diagnostic equipment technology, specifically to a sample tube loading device and a testing and analysis instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzers are medical testing instruments that perform immunoassays on the human body by detecting the patient's serum. With the development of testing technology, chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzers are becoming faster and more integrated, which also means that higher demands are placed on the efficiency and accuracy of the sample pretreatment process. This requires not only the rapid identification of different types of sample tubes, but also the accurate selection of the required sample tubes.

[0003] During sample pretreatment, sample tube loading is required, where sample tubes are placed into the equipment and transported to the processing position. Traditionally, sample tube loading is mainly done manually. With the increasing demand for sample tube processing, manual sorting can no longer meet the massive workload. To solve this problem, existing technologies use push-plate or belt conveyor loading structures to replace manual operations. However, such loading structures need to be highly compatible with the structure of in vitro diagnostic automated equipment. The corresponding loading structure must be customized according to the structure of the in vitro diagnostic automated equipment, resulting in complex structures and poor compatibility. At the same time, it is not easy to control the posture of the sample tubes during the loading process using such loading structures. Sample tubes often enter the processing position in a "lying" position, which not only occupies loading space and affects the number of sample tubes loaded at one time, but also makes it difficult for the in vitro diagnostic automated equipment to grasp the sample tubes, seriously affecting loading and screening efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a sample tube loading device and a testing analyzer to solve the problems of conventional sample loading structures, such as complex structure, poor compatibility, low loading efficiency, and low screening efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a sample tube feeding device, comprising:

[0006] The hopper has an opening at the bottom;

[0007] caching mechanism;

[0008] The first feeding mechanism includes a first lifting structure and a first slide rail. The first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide rail through the opening and move along the height direction.

[0009] The second feeding mechanism includes a second lifting structure and a second slide. The second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide to move along the height direction between the buffer mechanism and the first slide, so that the second slide is in a receiving state or a feeding state. In the receiving state, the second slide is connected to the first slide. In the feeding state, the second slide is connected to the buffer mechanism. The length of the second slide is greater than the diameter of the sample tube and less than the length of the sample tube.

[0010] Optionally, the first slide rail has a first low position and a first high position under the action of the first lifting structure. In the first low position, the top surface of the first slide rail is flush with the opening. The second slide rail has a second low position and a second high position under the action of the second lifting structure. The first high position is higher than the second low position.

[0011] In the receiving state, the second slide is located at the second low position and the first slide is located at the first high position. In the loading state, the second slide is located at the second high position.

[0012] Optionally, the top surfaces of both the first slide and the second slide are inclined surfaces.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom of the second slide is provided with a first baffle plate extending in the height direction, and the gap between the opening of the first slide towards the second slide and the first baffle plate is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube;

[0014] The buffer mechanism is provided with a second baffle plate extending along the height direction, and the gap between the opening of the second slide towards the buffer mechanism and the second baffle plate is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube.

[0015] Optionally, one of the inner walls of the hopper is a vertical wall, the opening is located close to the vertical wall, and the vertical wall has a mating interface that is aligned with the opening in the height direction. In the receiving state, the second slide extends into the mating interface, and the opening of the second slide towards the first slide is flush with the vertical wall.

[0016] Optionally, a first side baffle and a second side baffle are respectively provided on the two opposite outer surfaces of the second slide.

[0017] Optionally, the first lifting structure includes:

[0018] The first support is located at the bottom of the silo;

[0019] The first slide rail is mounted on the first support and extends along the height direction;

[0020] The first slider is slidably engaged with the first slide rail, and the first slide path is installed on the first slider;

[0021] The first driving structure is mounted on the first support and is connected to the first slider via transmission.

[0022] Optionally, the second lifting structure includes:

[0023] The second support is mounted on the cache mechanism;

[0024] The second slide rail is mounted on the second support and extends along the height direction;

[0025] The second slider slides in conjunction with the second slide rail, and the second slide path is provided on the second slider;

[0026] The second drive structure is mounted on the second support and is connected to the second slider via a transmission.

[0027] Optionally, the caching mechanism includes:

[0028] The housing has a receiving cavity, and a second feed port communicating with the receiving cavity is opened on the side wall;

[0029] The sample dispensing tray is rotatably disposed in the accommodating cavity by a third driving structure. Multiple buffer positions are spaced apart on the outer edge of the sample dispensing tray. The third driving structure is used to drive the sample dispensing tray to rotate until the multiple buffer positions are sequentially aligned with the second feed port.

[0030] A buffer slide is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and is directly opposite the second feed inlet. In the feeding state, the second slide is connected to the buffer slide.

[0031] Secondly, this utility model provides a testing and analysis instrument, including the above-mentioned sample tube feeding device.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model includes:

[0034] The hopper has an opening at the bottom;

[0035] caching mechanism;

[0036] The first feeding mechanism includes a first lifting structure and a first slide rail. The first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide rail through the opening and move along the height direction.

[0037] The second feeding mechanism includes a second lifting structure and a second slide. The second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide to move along the height direction between the buffer mechanism and the first slide, so that the second slide is in a receiving state or a feeding state. In the receiving state, the second slide is connected to the first slide. In the feeding state, the second slide is connected to the buffer mechanism. The length of the second slide is greater than the diameter of the sample tube and less than the length of the sample tube.

[0038] In this invention, the first and second feeding mechanisms work together to transfer multiple sample tubes randomly fed into the hopper to the buffer mechanism in the correct orientation. Specifically, when the first slide is positioned at the opening of the hopper under the action of the first lifting structure, it can receive the sample tubes. Multiple sample tubes enter the first slide and are arranged in an orderly manner along its length. When feeding is required, the first slide can move under the action of the first lifting structure to dock with the second slide. In the receiving state, multiple sample tubes on the first slide can slide sequentially onto the second slide. Since the length of the second slide is greater than the diameter of the sample tube but less than its length, vertically oriented sample tubes can remain in the second slide, while horizontally oriented sample tubes partially extend out of the second slide. Under the influence of gravity, the horizontally oriented sample tubes will tilt and fall into the hopper, thus filtering out sample tubes with misaligned orientations. This ensures that during feeding, all sample tubes in the second slide slide slide vertically into the buffer mechanism.

[0039] Compared to traditional feeding structures, the coordinated operation of the first and second feeding mechanisms ensures that the sample tubes are in a vertical position, facilitating subsequent gripping. The buffer mechanism allows for easy docking with the grippers used in automated in vitro diagnostic equipment, adapting to various devices and improving the versatility of the sample tube feeding device. Furthermore, the coordinated operation of the first and second feeding mechanisms allows for simultaneous feeding of the buffer mechanism and receiving of sample tubes from the receiving bin, effectively shortening the feeding cycle compared to a single-push-plate feeding method.

[0040] Therefore, through the coordinated operation of the hopper, the first feeding mechanism, the second feeding mechanism, and the buffer mechanism, the sample tubes can be continuously fed in an orderly and correct manner, thus improving the feeding efficiency.

[0041] 2. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model has a first low position and a first high position under the drive of the first lifting structure. In the first low position, the top surface of the first slide is flush with the opening at the bottom of the hopper. The second slide has a second low position and a second high position under the drive of the second lifting structure. The first high position is higher than the second low position.

[0042] In the receiving state, the second slide is located at the second low position and the first slide is located at the first high position; in the loading state, the second slide is located at the second high position.

[0043] When the first slide is at its lowest position, its top surface is flush with the opening at the bottom of the hopper, ensuring that all sample tubes in the hopper are screened, thus preventing missed tubes and missed detections. During the receiving phase, because the highest position is higher than the lowest position, the sample tubes in the first slide can smoothly slide into the second slide.

[0044] This setup allows the sample tubes in the hopper to pass through the hopper, the first chute, and the second chute sequentially until they enter the buffer mechanism, and until all sample tubes have been screened.

[0045] 3. In the sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model, the top surfaces of the first slide and the second slide are both inclined surfaces. This design facilitates the sample tube to slide along the top surfaces of the first and second slides using its own weight as a power source.

[0046] 4. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model has a first baffle plate extending along the height direction at the bottom of the second slide, and the gap between the opening of the first slide towards the second slide and the first baffle plate is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube.

[0047] The buffer mechanism is provided with a second baffle plate extending along the height direction, and the gap between the opening of the second slide towards the buffer mechanism and the second baffle plate is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube.

[0048] Before the second slide connects with the first slide, the first baffle plate acts as a barrier against the sample tube on the first slide, preventing the sample tube from rushing out of the opening of the first slide. Before the second slide connects with the buffer mechanism, the second baffle plate acts as a barrier against the sample tube on the second slide, preventing the sample tube from rushing out of the opening of the second slide.

[0049] 5. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model has one of the inner walls of the hopper as a vertical wall, the opening is located close to the vertical wall, and the vertical wall is provided with a matching interface that is aligned with the opening in the height direction. In the receiving state, the second slide extends into the matching interface, and the opening of the second slide towards the first slide is flush with the vertical wall.

[0050] Before the first slide reaches its lowest position or moves to the docking interface, the vertical wall of the hopper acts as a barrier against the sample tubes in the first slide, preventing them from rushing out of the opening of the first slide. Before the first slide rises to the docking interface and connects with the second slide, the first baffle plate can take over the function of the vertical wall in blocking the sample tubes on the first slide. The second slide extends into the docking interface, and the opening of the second slide facing the first slide is flush with the vertical wall. This facilitates docking with the first slide and also allows sample tubes in incorrect positions to fall into the hopper.

[0051] 6. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model has a first side baffle and a second side baffle respectively provided on the two opposite outer surfaces of the second slide. The first side baffle and the second side baffle can prevent sample tubes with incorrect posture from rushing out from the side of the second slide, so as to ensure that sample tubes with incorrect posture re-enter the hopper.

[0052] 7. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model, wherein the first lifting structure includes:

[0053] The first support is located at the bottom of the silo;

[0054] The first slide rail is mounted on the first support and extends along the height direction;

[0055] The first slider is slidably engaged with the first slide rail, and the first slide path is installed on the first slider;

[0056] The first driving structure is mounted on the first support and is connected to the first slider via transmission.

[0057] The first support is used to support the first slide rail, the first slider and the first drive structure. The first drive structure drives the first slide rail to rise or fall through the guidance of the slide rail and slider. It occupies less space, has lower cost and higher reliability.

[0058] 8. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model, wherein the second lifting structure includes:

[0059] The second support is mounted on the cache mechanism;

[0060] The second slide rail is mounted on the second support and extends along the height direction;

[0061] The second slider slides in conjunction with the second slide rail, and the second slide path is provided on the second slider;

[0062] The second drive structure is mounted on the second support and is connected to the second slider via a transmission.

[0063] The second support is used to support the second slide rail, the second slider, and the second drive structure. The second drive structure drives the second slide rail to rise or fall through the guidance of the slide rail and slider. It occupies less space, has lower cost, and is highly reliable.

[0064] 9. The sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model, wherein the buffer mechanism includes:

[0065] The housing has a receiving cavity, and a second feed port communicating with the receiving cavity is opened on the side wall;

[0066] The sample dispensing tray is rotatably disposed in the accommodating cavity by a third driving structure. Multiple buffer positions are spaced apart on the outer edge of the sample dispensing tray. The third driving structure is used to drive the sample dispensing tray to rotate until the multiple buffer positions are sequentially aligned with the second feed port.

[0067] A buffer slide is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and is directly opposite the second feed inlet. In the feeding state, the second slide is connected to the buffer slide.

[0068] The above structure allows different sample tubes to be temporarily stored vertically in different buffer positions. Specifically, the third drive structure rotates the sample dispensing tray, enabling different buffer positions to align sequentially with the second inlet. After the sample tube enters the buffer position through the buffer slide and the second inlet, the drive structure rotates the sample dispensing tray to the next empty buffer position to align with the second inlet. Multiple buffer positions are relatively independent, preventing multiple sample tubes from contacting each other, awaiting gripping by the clamps. Furthermore, during the operation of the buffer mechanism, the first and second feeding mechanisms can directly engage, reducing waiting time, shortening the feeding cycle, and improving feeding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0069] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sample tube feeding device provided by this utility model;

[0071] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first angle structure showing the cooperative relationship between the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism provided by this utility model;

[0072] Figure 3 A second-angle structural diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the first and second feeding mechanisms provided by this utility model;

[0073] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0074] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0075] Figure 6 A third-angle structural diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the first and second feeding mechanisms provided by this utility model;

[0076] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0077] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the second slide and the hopper provided by this utility model;

[0078] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0079] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the second feeding mechanism and the buffer mechanism provided by this utility model;

[0080] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0081] Figure 12 A first-view perspective perspective view of the silo provided for this utility model;

[0082] Figure 13 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the silo provided by this utility model;

[0083] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the first guide slope and opening provided by this utility model;

[0084] Figure 15 A second-view perspective perspective view of the hopper provided by this utility model;

[0085] Figure 16 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cache mechanism provided by this utility model;

[0086] Figure 17A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cache mechanism provided by this utility model;

[0087] Figure 18 A top view of the cache mechanism provided by this utility model;

[0088] Figure 19 for Figure 18 Enlarged view at point F;

[0089] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0090] 1. Hopper; 101. Opening; 102. Screening tank; 103. First plate; 104. Second plate; 105. Third plate; 106. Fourth plate; 107. Collection device; 11. First guide slope; 111. First slope; 112. Second slope; 113. First elevation; 12. Second guide slope; 121. Third slope; 122. Fourth slope; 123. Third elevation; 131. Third guide slope; 132. Fourth elevation; 133. Feed chute; 134. First feed inlet; 14. Second elevation; 151. First connecting part; 152. Second connecting part;

[0091] 2. Buffer mechanism; 200. Base plate; 201. Housing; 202. Sample distribution plate; 203. First side plate; 204. Second side plate; 205. Buffer slide; 206. Connecting block; 207. First baffle; 208. Second baffle; 209. First extension; 210. Second extension; 211. Third baffle; 212. Detection port; 213. First detection optocoupler; 214. Second detection optocoupler; 215. Drive shaft; 216. Third drive motor; 217. Third drive wheel; 218. Third driven wheel; 219. Third synchronous belt; 220. Guide cylinder; 221. First bearing; 222. Second bearing; 223. Connecting part; 224. Sample distribution plate; 225. Sensor; 226. Connecting plate; 230. Second feed port; 231. Buffer position; 24. Second baffle plate;

[0092] 3. First feeding mechanism; 301. First support; 302. First slide rail; 303. First slider; 304. First drive wheel; 305. First driven wheel; 306. First synchronous belt; 307. First drive motor;

[0093] 4. First slide; 401. First slide plate; 402. Second slide plate; 403. First connecting plate;

[0094] 5. Second feeding mechanism; 501. Second support; 502. Second slide rail; 503. Second slider; 504. Second drive wheel; 505. Second driven wheel; 506. Second synchronous belt; 507. Second drive motor;

[0095] 6. Second slide rail; 601. Third slide plate; 602. Fourth slide plate; 603. First baffle plate; 604. First side baffle plate; 605. Second side baffle plate;

[0096] 7. Sample tubes. Detailed Implementation

[0097] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0098] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the sample tube feeding device is shown. Figure 2 This diagram shows a first-angle structural schematic of the cooperation relationship between the first feeding mechanism 3 and the second feeding mechanism 5. Figure 3 This diagram shows a second-angle structural schematic of the cooperation relationship between the first feeding mechanism 3 and the second feeding mechanism 5. Figure 6 A third-angle structural diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the first and second feeding mechanisms is shown. This embodiment provides a sample tube feeding device, including:

[0099] Hopper 1 has an opening at the bottom;

[0100] Cache mechanism 2;

[0101] The first feeding mechanism 3 includes a first lifting structure and a first slide rail 4. The first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide rail 4 through the opening and move along the height direction.

[0102] The second feeding mechanism 5 includes a second lifting structure and a second slide 6. The second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide 6 to move along the height direction between the buffer mechanism 2 and the first slide 4, so that the second slide 6 is in a receiving state or a feeding state. In the receiving state, the second slide 6 is connected to the first slide 4. In the feeding state, the second slide 6 is connected to the buffer mechanism 2. The length of the second slide 6 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube 7 and less than the length of the sample tube 7.

[0103] In this utility model, the first feeding mechanism 3 and the second feeding mechanism 5 can cooperate to transfer multiple sample tubes 7 that are randomly fed into the hopper 1 to the buffer mechanism 2 in the correct posture. Specifically, when the first slide 4 is located at the opening of the hopper 1 under the drive of the first lifting structure, the first slide 4 can receive the sample tubes 7 in the hopper 1. Multiple sample tubes 7 enter the first slide 4 and are arranged in an orderly manner along the length of the first slide 4. When feeding is required, the first slide 4 can move to dock with the second slide 6 under the drive of the first lifting structure. In the receiving state, multiple sample tubes 7 on the first slide 4 can slide sequentially onto the second slide 6. Since the length of the second slide 6 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube 7 but less than the length of the sample tube 7, the vertical sample tube 7 can remain in the second slide 6, while the horizontal sample tube 7 extends out of the second slide 6. Under the action of gravity, the horizontal sample tube 7 will tilt and fall into the hopper 1, thereby filtering out the sample tubes 7 in the wrong position, so as to ensure that in the feeding state, all sample tubes 7 in the second slide 6 slide vertically into the buffer mechanism 2.

[0104] Compared to traditional feeding structures, the coordinated operation of the first feeding mechanism 3 and the second feeding mechanism 5 ensures that the sample tube 7 is in a vertical position, facilitating subsequent gripping. The buffer mechanism 2 is designed to easily interface with the grippers used to grasp the sample tube 7 in automated in vitro diagnostic equipment, adapting to various types of automated in vitro diagnostic equipment and improving the applicability of the sample tube feeding device. Furthermore, the coordinated operation of the first feeding mechanism 3 and the second feeding mechanism 5 allows the feeding of the buffer mechanism 2 and the receiving of the sample tube 7 in the receiving bin 1 to be performed simultaneously, effectively shortening the feeding cycle compared to a single pusher plate feeding method.

[0105] Therefore, through the coordinated operation of the hopper 1, the first feeding mechanism 3, the second feeding mechanism 5 and the buffer mechanism 2, the sample tube 7 can be continuously fed in an orderly and correct manner, thus improving the feeding efficiency.

[0106] Understandably, after the second slide 6 and the first slide 4 are docked, during the process of the second slide 6 rising to dock with the buffer mechanism 2, if the number of sample tubes 7 on the first slide 4 meets the preset requirements, the first slide 4 can remain in its original position, waiting for the next docking with the second slide 6. If there are no sample tubes 7 on the first slide 4 or the number of sample tubes 7 does not meet the preset requirements, the first slide 4 can descend to the opening at the bottom of the hopper to receive sample tubes 7. That is, the feeding operation of the second slide 6 and the receiving operation of the first slide 4 can be carried out independently. The preset requirements can be that the number of sample tubes 7 on the first slide 4 is equal to or greater than the number of sample tubes 7 that the second slide 6 can accommodate.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment, the first slide rail 4 has a first low position and a first high position under the action of the first lifting structure. In the first low position, the top surface of the first slide rail 4 is flush with the opening at the bottom of the hopper 1. The second slide rail 6 has a second low position and a second high position under the action of the second lifting structure. The first high position is higher than the second low position.

[0108] In the receiving state, the second slide 6 is located at the second low position, and the first slide 4 is located at the first high position; in the loading state, the second slide 6 is located at the second high position.

[0109] When the first slide 4 is in the first low position, its top surface is flush with the opening at the bottom of the hopper 1, allowing all sample tubes 7 in the hopper 1 to be screened, thus avoiding missed tubes and missed inspections. In the receiving state, because the first high position is higher than the second low position, the sample tubes 7 in the first slide 4 can smoothly slide into the second slide 6.

[0110] This configuration allows the sample tubes 7 in the hopper 1 to pass through the hopper 1, the first slide 4, and the second slide 6 in sequence until they enter the buffer mechanism 2, and until all the sample tubes 7 are screened.

[0111] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point A. In a preferred embodiment, the top surfaces of both the first slide 4 and the second slide 6 are inclined surfaces. This arrangement facilitates the sliding of the sample tube 7 along the top surfaces of the first slide 4 and the second slide 6 using its own weight as a power source.

[0112] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C. In a preferred embodiment, the first slide 4 consists of identical first slide plate 401 and second slide plate 402, with a gap between them larger than the diameter of the sample tube 7. The bottoms of the first slide plate 401 and second slide plate 402 can be connected by a first connecting plate 403, thereby supporting the gap. The top surfaces of the first slide plate 401 and second slide plate 402 are sloped to allow the sample tube 7 to slide by overlapping lugs or caps provided on the sidewalls.

[0113] The second slide 6 consists of identical third slide plate 601 and fourth slide plate 602, with a gap between them larger than the diameter of the sample tube 7. The top surfaces of the third slide plate 601 and fourth slide plate 602 are inclined to allow the sample tube 7 to slide by means of lugs or caps provided on the side walls.

[0114] In a preferred embodiment, the lengths of the first slide plate 401 and the second slide plate 402 are greater than the lengths of the third slide plate 601 and the fourth slide plate 602, such that the number of sample tubes 7 that the first slide 4 can accommodate is sufficient for the second slide 6 to complete at least two loading operations. When the second slide 6 is configured to accommodate at least three sample tubes 7, the first slide 4 can be configured to accommodate at least six sample tubes 7.

[0115] See Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the second chute and the hopper. Figure 10 This is a structural diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the second feeding mechanism and the buffer mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, a first baffle plate 603 extending along the height direction is provided at the bottom of the second slide 6, and the gap between the opening of the first slide 4 toward the second slide 6 and the first baffle plate 603 is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube 7;

[0116] The buffer mechanism 2 is provided with a second baffle plate 24 extending along the height direction, and the gap between the opening of the second slide 6 toward the buffer mechanism 2 and the second baffle plate 24 is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube 7.

[0117] Before the second slide 6 connects with the first slide 4, the first baffle 603 acts as a stop for the sample tube 7 on the first slide 4, preventing the sample tube 7 from rushing out of the opening of the first slide 4. Before the second slide 6 connects with the buffer mechanism 2, the second baffle 24 acts as a stop for the sample tube 7 on the second slide 6, preventing the sample tube 7 from rushing out of the opening of the second slide 6.

[0118] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 for Figure 8 In the enlarged view at point D, in a preferred embodiment, one of the inner walls of the hopper 1 is a vertical wall, the opening is located close to the vertical wall, and the vertical wall has a mating interface that is aligned with the opening in the height direction. In the receiving state, the second slide 6 extends into the mating interface, and the opening of the second slide 6 facing the first slide 4 is flush with the vertical wall.

[0119] Before the first slide 4 reaches its lowest position or moves to the docking interface, the vertical wall of the hopper 1 acts as a barrier against the sample tube 7 in the first slide 4, preventing the sample tube 7 from rushing out of the opening of the first slide 4. Before the first slide 4 rises to the docking interface and connects with the second slide 6, the first baffle plate 603 can take over the function of the vertical wall in blocking the sample tube 7 on the first slide 4. The second slide 6 extends into the docking interface, and the opening of the second slide 6 facing the first slide 4 is flush with the vertical wall. This facilitates docking with the first slide 4 and also allows the sample tube 7 in an incorrect position to fall into the hopper 1.

[0120] See Figure 4 A first side baffle 604 and a second side baffle 605 are respectively provided on the two opposite outer surfaces of the second slide 6. The first side baffle 604 and the second side baffle 605 can prevent the sample tube 7 in the wrong posture from rushing out from the side of the second slide 6, so as to ensure that the sample tube 7 in the wrong posture re-enters the hopper 1.

[0121] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the enlarged view at point B, the first lifting structure includes:

[0122] The first support 301 is located at the bottom of the hopper 1;

[0123] The first slide rail 302 is disposed on the first support 301 and extends along the height direction;

[0124] The first slider 303 is slidably engaged with the first slide rail 302, and the first slide 4 is mounted on the first slider 303;

[0125] The first driving structure is mounted on the first support 301 and is connected to the first slider 303 in a transmission manner.

[0126] The first support 301 is used to support the first slide rail 302, the first slider 303 and the first drive structure. The first drive structure drives the first slide 4 to rise or fall through the guidance of the slide rail and slider. It occupies less space, has lower cost and higher reliability.

[0127] In a preferred embodiment, the first driving structure includes a first driving wheel 304, a first driven wheel 305, a first synchronous belt 306, and a first driving motor 307. The first driving wheel 304 and the first driven wheel 305 are arranged along the height direction of the first support 301. The first synchronous belt 306 is connected to the first driving wheel 304 and the first driven wheel 305. The first slider 303 is fixedly connected to the first synchronous belt 306. The first driving motor 307 is mounted on the first support 301, and the output shaft of the first driving motor 307 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first driving wheel 304. The first driving motor 307 drives the first slider 303 to move up and down along the first slide rail 302 via the first driving wheel 304, the first synchronous belt 306, and the first driven wheel 305.

[0128] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 In a preferred embodiment, the second lifting structure includes:

[0129] The second support 501 is disposed on the cache mechanism 2;

[0130] The second slide rail 502 is disposed on the second support 501 and extends along the height direction;

[0131] The second slider 503 is slidably engaged with the second slide rail 502, and the second slide 6 is disposed on the second slider 503;

[0132] The second driving structure is mounted on the second support 501 and is connected to the second slider 503 in a transmission manner.

[0133] The second support 501 is used to support the second slide rail 502, the second slider 503 and the second drive structure. The second drive structure drives the second slide 6 to rise or fall through the guide cooperation of the slide rail and slider. It occupies less space, has lower cost and higher reliability.

[0134] In a preferred embodiment, the second driving structure includes a second driving wheel 504, a second driven wheel 505, a second synchronous belt 506, and a second driving motor 507. The second driving wheel 504 and the second driven wheel 505 are arranged along the height direction of the second support 501. The second synchronous belt 506 is connected to the second driving wheel 504 and the second driven wheel 505. The second slider 503 is fixedly connected to the second synchronous belt 506. The second driving motor 507 is mounted on the second support 501, and the output shaft of the second driving motor 507 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second driving wheel 504. The second driving motor 507 drives the second slider 503 to move up and down along the second slide rail 502 via the second driving wheel 504, the second synchronous belt 506, and the second driven wheel 505.

[0135] See Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 This diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the silo in this embodiment. Figure 13 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the silo is shown. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the silo 1 has an opening 101 and a first guide slope 11 connected to one side of the opening 101. The first guide slope 11 is inclined, and a first slope 111 and a second slope 112 are sequentially arranged along the conveying path of the sample tube 7. The inclination angle of the second slope 112 relative to the horizontal plane is greater than the inclination angle of the first slope 111 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0136] The screening groove 102 is connected to the opening 101. When the first slide 4 is in the first low position, the first slide 4 is in contact with the screening groove 102, and the top surface of the first slide 4 is flush with the opening 101.

[0137] The above structure allows the sample tube 7 to slide along the first inclined plane 11 to the opening 101 after entering the hopper 1, and then into the screening tank 102, before falling into the first slide rail 4. Specifically, the sample tube 7 moves along the first inclined plane 111 under its own gravity, then moves to the second inclined plane 112, and finally enters the screening tank 102 through the opening 101. Since the inclination angle of the second inclined plane 112 is greater than that of the first inclined plane 111, and the second inclined plane 112 is closer to the opening 101, the movement speed of the sample tube 7 is relatively slow on the first inclined plane 111 and relatively fast on the second inclined plane 112. Therefore, a large number of sample tubes 7 can slide slowly down the first inclined plane 111, and when the sample tubes 7 enter the second inclined plane 112, they can slide quickly to the opening 101, avoiding the accumulation of sample tubes 7 on the second inclined plane 112 and at the opening 101. This allows for more efficient collection of sample tubes 7 into the opening 101, making it easier to completely screen the sample tubes 7.

[0138] Compared to traditional silos, it overcomes the problem of sample tube 7 not being able to be screened cleanly, and saves costs compared to adding a power mechanism for auxiliary screening.

[0139] Of course, when the sample tube 7 is stored in the hopper 1, the sample tube 7 can be allowed to stay on the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 112. After the sample tube 7 in the screening tank 102 is transferred, according to the above steps, the sample tube 7 on the second inclined surface 112 quickly enters the collection tank through the opening 101, and the sample tube 7 on the first inclined surface 111 moves towards the second inclined surface 112 to ensure the continuity of the screening work.

[0140] In a preferred embodiment, the opening 101 is rectangular in shape, and the cross-sectional shape of the screening groove 102 is also rectangular, matching the shape of the opening. The length of the opening 101 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube 7, and the width of the opening 101 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube 7 but less than twice the diameter of the sample tube 7. This avoids two sample tubes 7 being arranged along the width of the opening. For example, if the diameter of the commonly used sample tube 7 is 13mm, the width of the opening 101 is greater than 13mm and less than 26mm. In specific implementations, the number of sample tubes 7 entering the screening groove 102 can be limited by changing the length and width of the opening 101. For example, one sample tube 7 can be allowed to enter the opening 101, or two, three, four, five, or even more sample tubes 7 can be allowed, depending on the actual situation. It is understood that when more than two sample tubes 7 are allowed to enter the opening 101, the sample tubes 7 are arranged along the length of the opening 101.

[0141] Furthermore, the first guide bevel 11 can be connected to one side of the opening 101 along its length, so that the sample tube 7 can stably and efficiently enter the opening 101 with the cooperation of the first bevel 111 and the second bevel 112. In another optional embodiment, the first guide bevel 11 can also be connected to one side of the opening 101 along its width.

[0142] In a preferred embodiment, the hopper 1 further includes a second guide slope 12, which is disposed opposite to the first guide slope 11 and connected to the other side of the opening 101. The second guide slope 12 is provided with a third slope 121 and a fourth slope 122 in sequence along the conveying path of the sample tube 7. The inclination angle of the fourth slope 122 relative to the horizontal plane is greater than the inclination angle of the third slope 121 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0143] The second guide slope 12 has the same function as the first guide slope 11. The sample tube 7 can slide down slowly on the third slope 121 and slide quickly to the opening 101 on the fourth slope 122. The setting of the second guide slope 12 increases the storage and delivery capacity of the sample tube 7, thereby improving the screening efficiency.

[0144] In a preferred embodiment, the first guide slope 11 is connected to one side of the opening 101 along its length, and the second guide slope 12 is connected to the other side of the opening 101 along its length. That is, the second slope 112 is connected to one side of the opening 101 along its length, and the fourth slope 122 is connected to the other side of the opening 101 along its length. With this configuration, both the first guide slope 11 and the second guide slope 12 can support the sample tube 7 and guide its movement, greatly increasing the storage capacity of the hopper.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment, the inclination angles of the first inclined plane 111, the second inclined plane 112, the third inclined plane 121, and the fourth inclined plane 122 are greater than or equal to 25°. This configuration ensures that the sample tube 7 can slide entirely along the first inclined plane 111, the second inclined plane 112, the third inclined plane 121, and the fourth inclined plane 122 using only its own weight, preventing the sample tube 7 from stalling on any of the inclined planes due to insufficient power. It is understood that the angle between the first inclined plane 111 and the third inclined plane 121 and the horizontal plane is at least 25°, and the angle between the second inclined plane 112 and the fourth inclined plane 122 and the horizontal plane is greater than 25°. This ensures that the sample tube 7 can change its speed and direction of movement when moving along the first guide inclined plane 11 or the second guide inclined plane 12, allowing the sample tube 7 to stably and efficiently enter the screening tank 102 through the opening 101.

[0146] See Figure 14 , Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the first guide slope and opening is shown. In a preferred embodiment, the opening 101 and the screening groove 102 are inclined. This arrangement allows the sample tube 7 to slide down along the inclined direction after entering the opening 101 and the screening groove 102, resulting in an orderly arrangement of multiple sample tubes 7 and ensuring that subsequent sample tubes 7 can smoothly enter the remaining part of the opening 101.

[0147] In an alternative implementation, the opening 101 and the screening groove 102 may also be arranged parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0148] In a preferred embodiment, the hopper 1 is formed by a first plate 103, a second plate 104, a third plate 105, and a fourth plate 106, with the opening 101 formed at the bottom. The first plate 103 and the third plate 105 are continuously bent, and the first guide slope 11 and the second guide slope 12 are formed on the inner wall surfaces of the first plate 103 and the third plate 105, respectively. The structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0149] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the hopper 1 is funnel-shaped, and the bottoms of the first plate 103 and the third plate 105 are continuously bent toward each other, forming an opening 101 with the second plate 104 and the fourth plate 106.

[0150] Furthermore, the fourth plate 106 is bent, and the inner wall surface of the fourth plate 106 forms a third guide slope 131 connected to the opening 101. The inclination angle of the third guide slope 131 is greater than or equal to 25°. The third guide slope 131 can further increase the conveying capacity of the sample tube 7 and improve the screening efficiency. In this embodiment, the bottoms of the first plate 103, the third plate 105, and the fourth plate 106 are bent in a direction that brings them closer to each other, forming the aforementioned first guide slope 11, second guide slope 12, and third guide slope 131. All of these guide slopes can be used to store the sample tube 7 and guide the movement of the sample tube 7.

[0151] In a preferred embodiment, the first guide slope 11 and the second guide slope 12 are connected to both sides in the length direction of the opening 101, the third guide slope 131 is connected to one side in the width direction of the opening 101, and the inner wall surface of the second plate 104 is connected to the other side in the width direction of the opening 101. Thus, the first guide slope 11, the second guide slope 12 and the third guide slope 131 can be used to guide the movement of the sample tube 7 so that the sample tube 7 can move efficiently to the screening groove 102.

[0152] In an optional embodiment, the third guide slope 131 may also be provided with two slopes at different angles, that is, with reference to the arrangement of the first guide slope 11 and the second guide slope 12, so that the third guide slope 131 can also change the conveying speed and direction of the sample tube 7, so that the sample tube 7 can enter the screening tank 102 efficiently.

[0153] In a preferred embodiment, the first plate 103, the second plate 104, the third plate 105, and the fourth plate 106 can be sheet metal parts, and the first plate 103, the second plate 104, the third plate 105, and the fourth plate 106 are connected together by welding to form a hopper 1. As an optional embodiment, the hopper 1 can also be made of plastic or by other molding methods.

[0154] In a preferred embodiment, the roughness of the inner wall surfaces of the first plate 103, the second plate 104, the third plate 105, and the fourth plate 106 is less than or equal to 0.2 μm.

[0155] This configuration reduces the kinetic energy attenuation of the sample tube 7 due to sliding friction, ensuring that the sample tube 7 can slide smoothly along the inner wall surfaces of the first plate 103, the second plate 104, the third plate 105, and the fourth plate 106 under its own gravity.

[0156] Specifically, the inner wall surface of the hopper 1 can meet the roughness requirements through processes such as pasting, adhesion, or polishing.

[0157] If an adhesive bonding process is chosen, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) film can be used and bonded to the surface of the screening structure using a special adhesive. Taking PTFE film as an example, the surface of the screening structure needs to be cleaned and sanded before bonding to ensure that the surface is free of oil and impurities. Then, an epoxy resin adhesive is applied evenly, the film is flattened and bonded, and air bubbles are eliminated by rolling and heating curing to ensure a tight bond between the film and the structure surface. This significantly reduces the coefficient of friction of the inner wall of the hopper 1 and reduces the sliding resistance of the sample tube 7.

[0158] An adhesion process is selected, employing either physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques to deposit a low-roughness coating onto the surface of the screening structure. PVD ionizes metallic or non-metallic targets in a vacuum environment, causing them to deposit on the structure surface to form a dense coating, such as deposited titanium nitride (TiN) coatings. CVD utilizes gaseous reactants to undergo a chemical reaction at high temperatures, growing a uniform coating on the structure surface, such as chemically vapor-deposited diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings. This imparts extremely low roughness and good wear resistance to the inner wall of hopper 1, effectively preventing scratching between sample tube 7 and the structure surface, thus improving screening efficiency.

[0159] Polishing processes can be selected using methods such as mechanical polishing, electrolytic polishing, or magnetorheological polishing. Mechanical polishing uses a polishing wheel and abrasive paste to grind the surface, gradually reducing microscopic protrusions. Electrolytic polishing utilizes electrochemical principles, preferentially dissolving microscopic protrusions on the structural surface in an electrolyte to achieve a smoothing effect. Magnetorheological polishing uses a flexible polishing pad formed by a magnetic fluid under the action of a magnetic field to achieve high-precision polishing of complex curved surfaces. It is particularly suitable for irregularly shaped screening structures, effectively improving surface smoothness and making the sliding of sample tube 7 on the structural surface smoother.

[0160] In a preferred embodiment, the first plate 103, the second plate 104, the third plate 105, and the fourth plate 106 form a retaining surface at one end opposite to the opening 101. The retaining surface can increase the storage capacity of the hopper 1 for the sample tubes 7.

[0161] Specifically, the first plate 103 forms a first facade 113 connected to the first guide slope 11; the inner wall of the second plate 104 is entirely an upright second facade 14; the third plate 105 forms a third facade 123 connected to the second guide slope 12; and the fourth plate forms a fourth facade 132 connected to the third guide slope 131. The first facade 113, second facade 14, third facade 123, and fourth facade 132 all extend along a height direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane and enclose the aforementioned enclosure surface. In an optional embodiment, the first facade 113, second facade 14, third facade 123, and fourth facade 132 may also have a certain angle with the horizontal plane, which can be set according to actual conditions.

[0162] In a preferred embodiment, one of the second plate 104 and the fourth plate 106 is provided with a first feed inlet, and the other is provided with a mating interface. The feeding pipe can enter the hopper 1 through the first feed inlet, and then slide along the inner wall of the corresponding plate. The mating interface facilitates the installation of a downstream device for conveying the sample tube 7.

[0163] like Figure 12 and Figure 15 As shown, Figure 4 A second-view perspective perspective view of the hopper is shown. In a preferred embodiment, a feed trough 133 is provided on the fourth plate 106, and the feed trough 133 has a first feed inlet 134. A connection interface 141 is provided on the second plate 104. The feed trough 133 facilitates the entry of the sample tube 7 into the hopper 1.

[0164] In a preferred embodiment, the feed trough 133 has a fifth inclined surface, on which the sample tube 7 can be initially guided before entering the third guide inclined surface 131, the first guide inclined surface 11, or the second guide inclined surface 12.

[0165] In a preferred embodiment, the plane containing the centerline of silo 1 is used as the reference plane. Figure 2 The dotted line shown is the plane where the center line of the hopper 1 is located. The feed trough 133 and the opening 101 are located on opposite sides of the reference plane, which can ensure that after the sample tube 7 enters the hopper 1, it enters at least one of the first guide slope 11, the second guide slope 12 and the third guide slope 131, avoiding the sample tube 7 from falling directly into the opening 101 and accumulating.

[0166] Specifically, the surface area of ​​the second guide slope 12 is larger than that of the first guide slope 11. The second guide slope 12 corresponds to the feed trough 133 in position. After the sample tubes 7 enter the hopper 1, they can be arranged preferentially on the second guide slope 12 and then on the first guide slope 11. As an optional implementation, the surface area of ​​the first guide slope 11 is larger than that of the second guide slope 12, and the first guide slope 11 corresponds to the feed trough 133 in position.

[0167] Furthermore, the opening 101 and the mating interface 141 are aligned in the height direction. This facilitates the feeding device's cooperation with the mating interface 141 and the opening 101.

[0168] As an alternative implementation, the feed trough 133 and the opening 101 can be arranged opposite each other on the reference plane, thereby reducing the difficulty of processing.

[0169] In a preferred embodiment, a data acquisition device 107 is provided on the hopper 1, which is used to acquire image information within the hopper 1. The image information acquired by the data acquisition device 107 is used to characterize the remaining amount of sample tubes 7 in the hopper 1, so that the main control unit can make real-time judgments and provide feedback on whether the sample tubes 7 are clean. Specifically, the data acquisition device 107 can be a camera.

[0170] In a preferred embodiment, the acquisition device 107 is disposed on the second plate 104, and the acquisition direction of the acquisition device 107 is directly opposite the opening 101.

[0171] In one alternative embodiment, the outer wall of the hopper 1 is provided with a connecting structure, which can be used to fix the hopper 1 to the frame of the test analyzer.

[0172] In an optional embodiment, the connecting structure may include a first connecting portion 151 and a second connecting portion 152, which are respectively located on opposite outer walls of the hopper 1. This facilitates the installation and fixing of the hopper 1. Specifically, the first connecting portion 151 and the second connecting portion 152 may be fixing plates, which can be fixed to the outer wall of the hopper 1 by welding, plastic bonding, or other fixing methods. See also Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 , Figure 16 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the caching mechanism is shown. Figure 17 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cache mechanism is shown. Figure 18 A top-view schematic diagram of the cache mechanism is shown. Figure 19 It shows Figure 16 A magnified view at point F. In a preferred embodiment, the cache mechanism 2 includes:

[0173] The housing 201 and the sample tray 202 are provided. The housing 201 has a receiving cavity and a second feed port 230 communicating with the receiving cavity is opened on the side wall. The sample tray 202 is disposed in the receiving cavity by a third driving structure. A plurality of buffer positions 231 are provided at intervals on the outer edge of the sample tray 202. The third driving structure is used to drive the sample tray 202 to rotate until the plurality of buffer positions 231 are sequentially aligned with the second feed port 230.

[0174] The detection element is disposed on the housing 201 and is used to detect the seven types of sample tubes on the buffer position 231.

[0175] The above structure enables different sample tubes 7 to be temporarily stored in different buffer positions 231, and the type of sample tube 7 to be detected by the detection element. Specifically, the third drive structure can drive the sample dispensing disk 202 to rotate, so that different buffer positions 231 can be aligned with the second feed port 230 in sequence. After the sample tube 7 enters the buffer position 231 through the second feed port 230, the third drive structure drives the sample dispensing disk 202 to rotate to the next empty buffer position 231 to be aligned with the second feed port 230. The multiple buffer positions 231 are relatively independent, avoiding contact between multiple sample tubes 7. When the sample tube 7 on the buffer position 231 rotates to be aligned with the detection element, the detection element can obtain the information of the sample tube 7 to facilitate the identification of the type of sample tube 7.

[0176] Compared to traditional manual identification and sorting methods, machine identification can improve sample identification accuracy, thereby improving sorting accuracy, while reducing labor costs. Compared to traditional linear sorting or sorting using the buffer slide 205, using multiple independent buffer positions 231 on the sample tray 202 can prevent other sample tubes 7 adjacent to the target sample tube 7 from being picked up when picking the target sample tube 7, thus improving sorting accuracy.

[0177] In a preferred embodiment, the housing 201 is a cylindrical structure with a top opening, the sample tray 202 is a disc structure, and the outer edge of the sample tray 202 has a plurality of grooves spaced apart circumferentially. The grooves extend along the height direction to form a buffer position 231 for accommodating the sample tube 7.

[0178] Furthermore, multiple buffer positions 231 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction along the outer edge of the sampling disk 202. The number of buffer positions 231 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more. The number of buffer positions 231 can be set as needed and is not specifically limited here.

[0179] In a preferred embodiment, the buffer mechanism further includes a feeding structure mounted on the outer wall of the housing 201, comprising a first side plate 203 and a second side plate 204, with a buffer slide 205 formed between the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204. The buffer slide 205 is directly opposite the second feed inlet 230, and the top surfaces of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 are inclined. In the feeding state, the second slide 6 engages with the buffer slide 205, and the top surface of the second slide 6 is higher than the top surface of the buffer slide 205.

[0180] Since the sample sorting tray 202 needs to rotate to connect the buffer position 231 and the second feed port 230, the buffer slide 205 can keep at least one sample tube 7 in the position corresponding to the second feed port 230. The top surfaces of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 cooperate with the sample tube 7, so that the sample tube 7 has a tendency to slide towards the second feed port 230. When the sample sorting tray 202 rotates to the position 231 corresponding to the second feed port 230, the sample tube 7 can enter the buffer position 231 in time, thereby improving sorting efficiency.

[0181] In one alternative embodiment, the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 are respectively mounted on the outer wall of the housing 201 via a connecting plate 226, so as to fix the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204.

[0182] In one alternative embodiment, the outer wall connecting the housing 201 and the connecting plate 226 is flat, so as to improve the stability of the connection between the connecting plate 226 and the outer wall of the housing 201.

[0183] In one optional embodiment, a connecting block 206 is provided between the bottom of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204. The first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 are respectively fixedly installed on opposite sides of the connecting block 206. The connecting block 206 may have a certain length and width. On the one hand, the connecting block 206 may limit the distance between the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204. On the other hand, the connecting block 206 may stabilize the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204.

[0184] In a preferred embodiment, a first baffle 207 is provided on the outer side of the first side plate 203, extending along the height direction beyond the top surface of the first side plate 203. A second baffle 208 is provided on the outer side of the second side plate 204, extending along the height direction beyond the top surface of the second side plate 204. The first baffle 207 and the second baffle 208 can prevent the sample tube 7 from rushing out of the buffer slide 205, thus avoiding damage and breakage of the sample tube 7.

[0185] Furthermore, the top extension height of the first baffle 207 and the second baffle 208 is greater than the height of the sample tube 7 extending out of the top surface of the buffer slide 205. Under the support of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204, the sample tube 7 partially extends out of the slide. The top height of the first baffle 207 and the second baffle 208 is greater than the top height of the sample tube 7 to provide a more reliable blocking effect.

[0186] In a preferred embodiment, the first baffle 207 has a first extension 209 extending upwards from the housing 201, and the second baffle 208 has a second extension 210 extending upwards from the housing 201. The first extension 209 and the second extension 210 can prevent the sample tube 7 from tipping over during its descent into the buffer position 231, ensuring that the sample tube 7 enters the buffer position 231 in the correct orientation, and preventing jamming or loss of synchronization when the sample tray 202 rotates.

[0187] In a preferred embodiment, a third baffle 211 is provided between the ends of the first extension 209 and the second extension 210, and the surface of the third baffle 211 is directly opposite the buffer slide 205. The third baffle 211 can prevent the sample tube 7 from tilting due to inertia after entering the buffer position 231, and further prevent the sample tray 202 from jamming or losing synchronization when rotating.

[0188] In a preferred embodiment, the third baffle 211 may be formed by bending the first extension 209 or the second extension 210. Alternatively, the third baffle 211 may be a separate plate, which is fixed to the end of the first extension 209 or the second extension 210 by welding.

[0189] See Figure 4 In a preferred embodiment, the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 partially extend into the second feed port 230. The end of the first side plate 203 has a first distance from the outer edge of the sample tray 202, and the end of the second side plate 204 has a second distance from the outer edge of the sample tray 202. The first distance and the second distance are different.

[0190] With this configuration, the ends of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 facing the sample tray 202 can form a stepped structure, increasing the opening between the ends of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204, so that the ends of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 can fit into the buffer position 231, making it easier for the sample tube 7 to smoothly enter the buffer position 231 under its own weight.

[0191] In a preferred embodiment, the first distance is greater than the second distance, the length of the second side plate 204 is greater than the length of the first side plate 203, and the end faces of the first side plate 203 and the second side plate 204 facing away from the sample tray 202 are flush, forming the stepped structure at the end near the sample tray 202. Alternatively, in an optional embodiment, the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the stepped structure described above can also be formed.

[0192] Furthermore, the groove forming the buffer position 231 has a beveled edge corresponding to the second feed port 230, forming an flared shape, which further allows the sample tube 7 to smoothly enter the buffer position 231.

[0193] In a preferred embodiment, the housing 201 has a detection port 212 located below the sample tray 202, and the detection port 212 is equipped with a detection element. After the sample tube 7 enters the buffer position 231, it rests on the upper surface of the sample tray 202, resulting in different bottom heights for different sample tubes 7. The detection element can determine the type of sample tube 7 by detecting the bottom height information of the sample tube 7. This arrangement makes the structure more compact.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment, the detection element includes a first detection optocoupler 213 and a second detection optocoupler 214 arranged along the height direction. The first detection optocoupler 213 and the second detection optocoupler 214 can each correspond to different detection points. When one of the detection optocouplers is triggered, it can be characterized that the current sample tube 7 is of the first type. When both detection optocouplers are triggered, it can be characterized that the current sample tube 7 is of the second type. Thus, this high and low optocoupler layout can be used to accurately detect the type of sample tube 7.

[0195] Understandably, sample tube 7 includes a tube body and lugs located on the side wall of the tube body. The type of sample tube 7 corresponds to its length. Sample tube 7 can be attached to the upper surface of the sample tray 202 via the lugs. Therefore, the bottom height of different types of sample tubes 7 differs. The first detection optocoupler 213 can be located above the second detection optocoupler 214. When the first detection optocoupler 213 is triggered but the second detection optocoupler 214 is not triggered, it indicates that the sample tube 7 is shorter, and thus it is of type 1. When both the first and second detection optocouplers are triggered, it indicates that the sample tube 7 is longer, and thus it is of type 2. Furthermore, when neither the first nor the second detection optocoupler 214 is triggered, it indicates that there is no sample tube 7 in the buffer position 231.

[0196] As an optional implementation, the detection element further includes a third detection optocoupler. The first detection optocoupler 213, the second detection optocoupler 214 and the third detection optocoupler are arranged sequentially along the height direction. When one of them is triggered, the sample tube 7 is characterized as a first type. When two of them are triggered, the sample tube 7 is characterized as a second type. When all three are triggered, the sample tube 7 is characterized as a third type.

[0197] In a preferred embodiment, the third driving structure includes:

[0198] The drive shaft 215 is rotatably mounted on the housing 201, and has a first end extending into the accommodating cavity and a second end located outside the accommodating cavity. The sample dispensing disk 202 is coaxially mounted with the drive shaft 215 and fixed to the first end.

[0199] The third drive motor 216 has a third drive wheel 217 at its output end;

[0200] The third driven wheel 218 is installed at the second end of the transmission shaft 215. The third driven wheel 218 is connected to the third driving wheel 217 via the third synchronous belt 219, and the outer diameter of the third driven wheel 218 is larger than the outer diameter of the third driving wheel 217.

[0201] Specifically, the buffer mechanism may include a base plate 200, a housing 201, and a third drive motor 216 mounted on the base plate 200. A through hole may be provided at the center of the bottom surface of the housing 201 and at the corresponding position on the base plate 200. A guide cylinder 220 may be coaxially provided on the bottom surface of the housing 201 with the through hole. A first bearing 221 and a second bearing 222 are respectively provided at the two opposite ports of the guide cylinder 220. A transmission shaft 215 is rotatably engaged with the first bearing 221 and the second bearing 222, and its second end extends out of the through hole and is coaxially connected with the third driven wheel 218. The third driven wheel 218 and the third drive wheel 217 have gear teeth. The third synchronous belt 219 has belt teeth that engage with the third driven wheel 218 and the third drive wheel 217. The third drive motor 216 can drive the transmission shaft 215 to rotate through the third drive wheel 217, the third synchronous belt 219, and the third driven wheel 218, thereby driving the sample distribution disk 202 to rotate. Since the outer diameter of the third driven wheel 218 is larger than that of the third driving wheel 217, a reduction ratio can be provided. This two-stage transmission structure reduces mechanical errors and compensates for dynamic errors, ensuring that the buffer position 231 accurately aligns with the second feed inlet 230, thus improving the rotational positioning accuracy of the distribution disc. Alternatively, the first bearing 221 and the second bearing 222 can be deep groove ball bearings. The first end of the transmission shaft 215 is fixed to the center of the distribution disc 202 by a pin 227.

[0202] In a preferred embodiment, the third driven wheel 218 is provided with a connecting part 223, which is a nut structure and is coaxially arranged with the third driven wheel 218. The second end of the drive shaft 215 has an external thread, and the drive shaft 215 can be threadedly connected to the connecting part 223.

[0203] In a preferred embodiment, a sampling code disk 224 is provided on the third driven wheel 218. The sampling code disk 224 is coaxially arranged with the third driven wheel 218, and the diameter of the sampling code disk 224 is larger than the diameter of the third driven wheel 218. The outer edge of the sampling code disk 224 has multiple tooth-like structures, and the number and position of the tooth-like structures correspond one-to-one with the number of buffer positions 231. A sensor 225 for detecting the tooth-like structures is provided on the substrate 200. When the sampling disk 202 is working, the rotational accuracy can be determined by detecting the distance of the tooth-like structures through the sensor 225. As an optional implementation, the sensor 225 can be a Hall sensor, an inductive sensor, a capacitive sensor, etc.

[0204] This embodiment provides a test analyzer, including the sample tube feeding device mentioned above.

[0205] This embodiment provides a sample tube feeding method, applied to the sample tube feeding device described above, the sample tube feeding method comprising:

[0206] The first lifting structure drives the first slide to align with the opening, so that the sample tube in the hopper enters the first slide;

[0207] The second lifting structure drives the second slide to descend, and the first lifting structure drives the first slide to rise until the first slide and the second slide are connected and in the receiving state, and the sample tube on the first slide slides onto the second slide.

[0208] The second lifting structure drives the second slide to rise until the second slide docks with the buffer mechanism and is in the feeding state. The sample tube on the second slide slides onto the buffer mechanism.

[0209] It should be noted that the above method can be selectively executed according to the number of sample tubes in the first slide, the number of sample tubes in the second slide, and the number of sample tubes in the buffer mechanism.

[0210] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sample tube loading device, characterized by, The application relates to a sample tube feeding device, which comprises the following parts: a hopper (1) with an opening at the bottom; a buffer mechanism (2); a first feeding mechanism (3) comprising a first lifting structure and a first slide (4), wherein the first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide (4) to pass through the opening and move along the height direction; a second feeding mechanism (5) comprising a second lifting structure and a second slide (6), wherein the second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide (6) to move along the height direction between the buffer mechanism (2) and the first slide (4) so that the second slide (6) is in a receiving state or a feeding state; in the receiving state, the second slide (6) is in butt joint with the first slide (4); in the feeding state, the second slide (6) is in butt joint with the buffer mechanism (2); wherein the length of the second slide (6) is greater than the diameter of the sample tube and smaller than the length of the sample tube.

2. The sample tube loading device of claim 1, wherein The first slide (4) has a first low position and a first high position under the driving of the first lifting structure; in the first low position, the top surface of the first slide (4) is flush with the opening at the bottom of the hopper (1); the second slide (6) has a second low position and a second high position under the driving of the second lifting structure; the first high position is higher than the second low position; in the receiving state, the second slide (6) is located at the second low position and the first slide (4) is located at the first high position; in the feeding state, the second slide (6) is located at the second high position.

3. The sample tube loading apparatus of claim 2, wherein The top surfaces of the first slide (4) and the second slide (6) are both inclined surfaces.

4. The sample tube loading apparatus of claim 2, wherein The bottom of the second slide (6) is provided with a first material blocking plate (603) extending along the height direction; the gap between the opening of the first slide (4) and the first material blocking plate (603) is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube; the buffer mechanism (2) is provided with a second material blocking plate (24) extending along the height direction; the gap between the opening of the second slide (6) and the second material blocking plate (24) is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube.

5. The sample tube loading apparatus of claim 4, wherein One of the inner walls of the hopper (1) is a vertical wall surface, the opening is arranged close to the vertical wall surface, the vertical wall surface is provided with a butt joint opening in the height direction and in alignment with the opening; in the receiving state, the second slide (6) extends into the butt joint opening and the opening of the second slide (6) towards the first slide (4) is flush with the vertical wall surface.

6. The sample tube loading apparatus of claim 5, wherein First and second side blocking plates (604) and (605) are respectively arranged on the opposite two outer sides of the second slide (6).

7. The sample tube loading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by The first lifting structure comprises: a first support (301) arranged at the bottom of the hopper (1); a first slide rail (302) arranged on the first support (301) and extending along the height direction; a first sliding block (303) in sliding cooperation with the first slide rail (302), wherein the first slide (4) is mounted on the first sliding block (303); a first driving structure arranged on the first support (301) and in transmission connection with the first sliding block (303).

8. The sample tube loading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by The second lifting structure comprises: a second support (501) arranged on the buffer mechanism (2); a second sliding rail (502) arranged on the second support (501) and extending in the height direction; a second sliding block (503) in sliding cooperation with the second sliding rail (502), and the second sliding channel (6) is arranged on the second sliding block (503); a second driving structure arranged on the second support (501) and in driving connection with the second sliding block (503).

9. The sample tube loading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by The buffer mechanism (2) comprises: a shell having a containing cavity, and a side wall of which is provided with a second feeding port in communication with the containing cavity; a sample dividing disc rotatably arranged in the containing cavity by a third driving structure, and a plurality of buffer positions are arranged at the outer edge of the sample dividing disc in intervals, and the third driving structure is used to drive the sample dividing disc to rotate so that the buffer positions are sequentially aligned with the second feeding port; a buffer sliding channel arranged on the outer wall of the shell and opposite to the second feeding port, and in the feeding state, the second sliding channel (6) is in butt joint with the buffer sliding channel.

10. A test analyzer characterized by, The sample tube feeding device comprises the sample tube feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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