Tooling for battery cell thermal runaway testing

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of tool for battery thermal runaway test, including support plate, first test tool and second test tool are slidably installed in support plate top, first test tool is used to heat installation test to lithium battery, second test tool is used to charge installation test to lithium battery, first test tool includes first slider assembly, first fixed plate and heating positioning assembly, heating positioning assembly includes heating jacket, fastening ring and steel cover, steel cover is placed in heating jacket, lithium battery to be detected is placed in steel cover, the front and rear ends of lithium battery to be measured are all equipped with snap ring, thermocouple is installed on snap ring, temperature measuring contact piece on thermocouple is bound in the outer end surface of lithium battery by aluminium foil and contact with the outer end surface of lithium battery.The tool for battery thermal runaway test of the application adopts the positioning tool structure of two modes, can test lithium battery in different scenes, can be tested simultaneously alternately, and data comparison is made.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of testing device technology, specifically a tooling for testing thermal runaway of battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] During a thermal runaway accident in a lithium-ion battery, a series of chemical reactions occur inside the cell. These reactions generate a large amount of heat and produce many flammable gases, ultimately leading to thermal runaway and safety accidents such as fires and explosions. Therefore, to avoid thermal runaway, many new structural design schemes and parameters need to be verified for feasibility through experimental testing in the early stages of battery module design. However, most of the testing equipment currently used is designed for heating lithium batteries, and the measurement fixtures are relatively simple. Overcharging is also a method for thermal runaway testing. Moreover, when heating cylindrical lithium batteries, the heating elements are mostly installed only on the side of the lithium battery cell, which can only simulate heating on the side of the lithium battery cell, resulting in uneven heating of the entire battery and affecting the test results. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tooling for testing thermal runaway of battery cells, so as to solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A fixture for testing thermal runaway of battery cells includes a support plate. A first test fixture and a second test fixture are slidably mounted on the support plate. The first test fixture is used for heating and installing tests on lithium batteries, and the second test fixture is used for charging and installing tests on lithium batteries. The first test fixture includes a first slider assembly, a first fixing plate, and a heating and positioning assembly. The first slider assembly includes a first slide rail and a first slider. The first slider is fixed above the support plate, and the first slide rail is slidably mounted above the first slider. The first fixing plate is fixedly mounted to one end of the first slide rail. The heating and positioning assembly includes a heating sleeve, a fastening ring, and a steel sleeve. The heating sleeve is locked above the first fixing plate by the fastening ring. The steel sleeve is placed inside the heating sleeve, and the lithium battery to be tested is placed inside the steel sleeve. Both ends of the lithium battery to be tested are fitted with retaining rings, and thermocouples are mounted on the retaining rings. The temperature measuring contacts on the thermocouples are bound to the outer end face of the lithium battery and in contact with the outer end face of the lithium battery by aluminum foil.

[0006] The second test fixture includes a second slider assembly, a second fixing plate, and a clamping and positioning assembly. The second slider assembly includes a second slide rail and a second slider. The second slider is fixed on a support plate. The second slide rail is above the second slider and slidably installed with the second slider. The second fixing plate is fixed to one side above the second slide rail. The clamping and positioning assembly is installed on the second fixing plate to clamp and position the lithium battery in the horizontal direction.

[0007] The clamping and positioning assembly includes a first mounting base, a second mounting base, a third mounting base, a first chuck, a second chuck, and an adjusting ring. The first and second mounting bases are symmetrically arranged at intervals on a second fixed plate and are both fixedly installed on the second fixed plate. The first chuck is fixed to the first mounting base in a horizontal direction. The second chuck corresponds to the position of the first chuck and is fixed on the second mounting base. The lithium battery is clamped between the first and second chucks. The third mounting base is fixedly fixed at intervals to the rear side of the second mounting base. The bottom of the third mounting base is fixedly installed on the second fixed plate. The adjusting ring is between the second and third mounting bases and is threadedly connected to the rear end of the second chuck.

[0008] The first clamp includes a first fixing post and a first clamping block. Both the first fixing post and the first clamping block are cylindrical structures and are coaxially fixed. The first fixing post is fixedly installed on the first mounting base. The first clamping block has a recessed first storage groove on the side facing the second mounting base. The second clamp includes a second fixing post and a second clamping block. Both the second fixing post and the second clamping block are cylindrical structures and are coaxially fixed. The second fixing post has an external thread and passes through the second mounting base and the third mounting base. The adjusting ring is a disc structure and is coaxially installed on the second fixing post. The second clamping block has a recessed second storage groove that is symmetrically positioned with respect to the first storage groove. The two ends of the lithium battery are clamped in the first storage groove and the second storage groove.

[0009] The second fixing plate is provided with a recessed first fixing groove, a second fixing groove and a third fixing groove, which are used to install the first mounting base, the second mounting base and the third mounting base respectively.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the tooling for testing the thermal runaway of battery cells in this application adopts a two-mode positioning tooling structure, which can be used to test lithium batteries in different scenarios. It can be tested simultaneously and alternately for data comparison. In the first test tooling, a high-strength steel sleeve is installed inside the heating jacket, which can withstand multiple explosions without damaging the heating jacket. It fits the sample better, heats more evenly, and effectively ensures the accuracy of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1: A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of this application;

[0012] Figure 2 : 3D schematic diagram of the heating and positioning component;

[0013] Figure 3 : Exploded structural diagram of the heating and positioning component;

[0014] Figure 4 : Lithium battery and retaining ring installation structure diagram;

[0015] Figure 5 : Three-dimensional structural diagram of the second test fixture;

[0016] Figure 6 : Three-dimensional structural diagram of the second test fixture from another direction;

[0017] Figure 7 : Second test fixture and lithium battery installation structure diagram;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the actual installation and usage effect of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Specific Implementation Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 In this embodiment of the invention, a fixture for testing the thermal runaway of a battery cell includes a support plate 1. A first testing fixture 2 and a second testing fixture 11 are slidably mounted on the support plate 1. The first testing fixture 2 is used for heating and installing a lithium battery 20, and the second testing fixture 11 is used for charging and installing a lithium battery 20. Both the first and second testing fixtures 2 and 11 are slidably mounted on the support plate 1, facilitating the back-and-forth movement of the fixtures, sample replacement, and cleaning of explosive waste. In actual use, the fixture structure of this application is installed inside a sealed test chamber 21, with the support plate 1 fixed inside the test chamber 21.

[0021] The first test fixture 2 includes a first slider assembly 3, a first fixing plate 4, and a heating positioning assembly. The first slider assembly 3 includes a first slide rail 302 and a first slider 301. The first slider 301 is fixed above the support plate 1, and the first slide rail 302 is slidably installed above the first slider 301. The first fixing plate 4 is fixedly installed to one end of the first slide rail 302. The heating positioning assembly includes a heating sleeve 6, a fastening ring 5, and a steel sleeve 7. The heating sleeve 6 is locked above the first fixing plate 4 by the fastening ring 5. The fastening ring 5 is a sheet structure, and the cross-section of the fastening ring 5 is an "Ω" shaped structure.

[0022] A steel sleeve 7 is placed inside a heating sleeve 6, and the lithium battery 20 to be tested is placed inside the steel sleeve 7. Both ends of the lithium battery 20 to be tested are fitted with retaining rings 8, and thermocouples 9 are installed on the retaining rings 8. The temperature measuring contact on the thermocouple 9 is bound to the outer end face of the lithium battery 20 and in contact with the outer end face of the lithium battery 20 by aluminum foil 10. That is, the aluminum foil 10 is wrapped around the lithium battery 20, so that the temperature measuring contact of the thermocouple 9 is in stable contact with the lithium battery 20, ensuring accurate measurement of temperature data before and after the battery explosion. In actual installation and use, multiple surface thermocouples 9 are pre-installed on the retaining rings 8, and then the aluminum foil 10 is used to fix them to the lithium battery 20.

[0023] The second test fixture 11 in this application includes a second slider assembly 12, a second fixing plate 13, and a clamping and positioning assembly. The second slider assembly 12 includes a second slide rail 1202 and a second slider 1201. The second slider 1201 is fixed on the support plate 1. The second slide rail 1202 is above the second slider 1201 and is slidably installed with the second slider 1201. The second fixing plate 13 is fixed on one side above the second slide rail 1202. The clamping and positioning assembly is installed on the second fixing plate 13 to clamp and position the lithium battery 20 in the horizontal direction.

[0024] The clamping and positioning assembly includes a first mounting base 14, a second mounting base 15, a third mounting base 16, a first chuck 17, a second chuck 18, and an adjusting ring 19. The first mounting base 14 and the second mounting base 15 are symmetrically arranged at a distance from each other on the second fixing plate 13 and are both fixedly installed on the second fixing plate 13. The first chuck 17 is fixed horizontally to the first mounting base 14. The second chuck 18 corresponds in position to the first chuck 17 and is fixed on the second mounting base 15. The lithium battery 20 is clamped between the first chuck 17 and the second chuck 18. The third mounting base 16 is fixed at a distance to the rear side of the second mounting base 15, and its bottom is fixedly installed on the second fixing plate 13. The adjusting ring 19 is between the second mounting base 15 and the third mounting base 16 and is threadedly connected to the rear end of the second chuck 18. Both the first chuck 17 and the second chuck 18 have through holes for installing conductive components to connect with external positive and negative power supplies. While the first chuck 17 and the second chuck 18 are in contact with and clamping the lithium battery 20, they also charge it for testing.

[0025] In this application, the first clamp 17 includes a first fixing post 1701 and a first clamping block 1702. Both the first fixing post 1701 and the first clamping block 1702 are cylindrical structures and are coaxially fixed. The first fixing post 1701 is fixedly installed on the first mounting base 14. The first clamping block 1702 has a recessed first storage groove 1702-1 on the side facing the second mounting base 15. The second clamp 18 includes a second fixing post 1801 and a second clamping block 1802. Both the second fixing post 1801 and the second clamping block 1802 are cylindrical structures and are coaxially fixed. The second fixing post 1801 has an external thread. The adjusting ring 19, a disc structure, passes through the second mounting base 15 and the third mounting base 16. It is coaxially mounted with the second fixing post 1801. The second clamping block 1802 has a recessed second storage groove 1802-1 symmetrically positioned with the first storage groove 1702-1. Both ends of the lithium battery 20 are clamped within the first and second storage grooves 1702-1 and 1802-1. The second fixing plate 13 has recessed first, second, and third fixing grooves, which are used to install the first mounting base 14, the second mounting base 15, and the third mounting base 16, respectively. By rotating the adjusting ring 19, the position of the first chuck 17 on the second mounting base 15 is adjusted, thereby achieving a tight clamping of the lithium battery 20. The adjusting ring 19 and the second fixing post 1801 use a threaded knob structure, which avoids the problem of contact failure due to heating, greatly improves strength, and allows for repeated use.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the tooling for testing the thermal runaway of battery cells in this application adopts a two-mode positioning tooling structure, which can be used to test lithium batteries in different scenarios. It can be tested simultaneously and alternately for data comparison. In the first test tooling, a high-strength steel sleeve is installed inside the heating jacket, which can withstand multiple explosions without damaging the heating jacket. It fits the sample better, heats more evenly, and effectively ensures the accuracy of the test.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0028] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fixture for testing thermal runaway of battery cells, characterized in that: The device includes a support plate, on which a first test fixture and a second test fixture are slidably mounted. The first test fixture is used for heating and installing tests on lithium batteries, and the second test fixture is used for charging and installing tests on lithium batteries. The first test fixture includes a first slider assembly, a first fixing plate, and a heating and positioning assembly. The first slider assembly includes a first slide rail and a first slider. The first slider is fixed above the support plate, and the first slide rail is slidably mounted above the first slider. The first fixing plate is fixedly mounted to one end of the first slide rail. The heating and positioning assembly includes a heating sleeve, a fastening ring, and a steel sleeve. The heating sleeve is locked above the first fixing plate by the fastening ring, and the steel sleeve is placed inside the heating sleeve. The lithium battery to be tested is placed inside the steel sleeve. Both ends of the lithium battery to be tested are fitted with retaining rings, and thermocouples are installed on the retaining rings. The temperature measuring contacts on the thermocouples are bound to the outer end face of the lithium battery and in contact with the outer end face of the lithium battery by aluminum foil.

2. The tooling for testing thermal runaway of battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second test fixture includes a second slider assembly, a second fixing plate, and a clamping and positioning assembly. The second slider assembly includes a second slide rail and a second slider. The second slider is fixed on a support plate. The second slide rail is above the second slider and slidably installed with the second slider. The second fixing plate is fixed to one side above the second slide rail. The clamping and positioning assembly is installed on the second fixing plate to clamp and position the lithium battery in the horizontal direction.

3. The fixture for testing thermal runaway of battery cells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping and positioning assembly includes a first mounting base, a second mounting base, a third mounting base, a first chuck, a second chuck, and an adjusting ring. The first and second mounting bases are symmetrically arranged at intervals on a second fixed plate and are both fixedly installed on the second fixed plate. The first chuck is fixed to the first mounting base in a horizontal direction. The second chuck corresponds to the position of the first chuck and is fixed on the second mounting base. The lithium battery is clamped between the first and second chucks. The third mounting base is fixedly fixed at intervals to the rear side of the second mounting base. The bottom of the third mounting base is fixedly installed on the second fixed plate. The adjusting ring is between the second and third mounting bases and is threadedly connected to the rear end of the second chuck.

4. The tooling for testing thermal runaway of battery cells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first clamp includes a first fixing post and a first clamping block. Both the first fixing post and the first clamping block are cylindrical structures and are coaxially fixed. The first fixing post is fixedly installed on the first mounting base. The first clamping block has a recessed first storage groove on the side facing the second mounting base. The second clamp includes a second fixing post and a second clamping block. Both the second fixing post and the second clamping block are cylindrical structures and are coaxially fixed. The second fixing post has an external thread and passes through the second mounting base and the third mounting base. The adjusting ring is a disc structure and is coaxially installed on the second fixing post. The second clamping block has a recessed second storage groove that is symmetrically positioned with respect to the first storage groove. The two ends of the lithium battery are clamped in the first storage groove and the second storage groove.

5. The tooling for testing thermal runaway of battery cells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second fixing plate is provided with a recessed first fixing groove, a second fixing groove and a third fixing groove, which are used to install the first mounting base, the second mounting base and the third mounting base respectively.

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