A high-rigidity precision shafting structure
By combining a high-rigidity rotor frame, paired angular contact bearings, and a frameless torque motor, the problem of insufficient shaft rigidity is solved, achieving high-precision pointing and stability for laser communication terminals, which is suitable for coarse tracking systems of mirror-type laser communication terminals.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI YUHANG OPTOMETER TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing mirror-type laser communication terminal has insufficient shaft rigidity, which makes the azimuth axis rotor axis prone to undesirable sway, affecting pointing accuracy and making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision laser communication.
It adopts a combination structure of high-rigidity rotor frame, paired angular contact bearings, frameless torque motor and precision angular displacement measuring device. Multi-dimensional positioning and fixation are achieved through cylindrical surface and end face mating and pressure ring clamping, which enhances the anti-sway capability and control accuracy of the shaft system.
It significantly improves the pointing accuracy and operational stability of mirror-type laser communication terminals, meeting the needs of high-precision application scenarios such as inter-satellite laser links, and ensuring sub-arcsecond pointing accuracy under complex working conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN224501031U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser communication terminal technology, specifically relating to a high-rigidity precision shaft structure. Background Technology
[0002] Mirror-type laser communication terminals have been widely used in the field of laser communication, especially in scenarios such as synchronous orbit inter-satellite laser links, satellite-to-ground laser links, and high-orbit to low-orbit laser links, due to their advantages such as lightweight structure, low power consumption, simple and reliable control, wide vibration frequency bandwidth, high tracking accuracy, and strong adaptability.
[0003] In the prior art, the coarse tracking system of a mirror-type laser communication terminal typically includes an azimuth axis system, a pitch axis system, and a mirror assembly. The laser pointing is usually achieved by the joint operation of the azimuth axis system and the pitch axis system.
[0004] The conventional pitch axis system is mounted on the rotor of the azimuth axis system. The pitch frame is connected to the azimuth axis or made as a single unit to achieve pointing in different azimuth directions. The azimuth axis system typically consists of an azimuth motor, base, bearings, pitch frame, grating, reading head, protective cover, and conductive slip rings.
[0005] Conventional azimuth axis rotors all adopt an internal rotor structure, that is, the azimuth axis rotor is arranged inside the azimuth axis stator base. However, this layout has exposed a prominent defect in practical applications. The insufficient rigidity of the shaft system makes the azimuth axis rotor axis prone to undesirable sway relative to the azimuth axis stator axis, which in turn affects the key performance indicator of the coarse tracking system of the reflector laser communication terminal—pointing accuracy.
[0006] Furthermore, there is room for optimization in the bearing arrangement, motor mounting, and angular displacement measurement device configuration of traditional shaft systems. Conventional designs often struggle to balance structural rigidity and motion accuracy, especially in high-precision laser communication applications, where these shortcomings become even more pronounced. As laser communication technology continues to demand higher tracking accuracy, the deficiencies in rigidity, stability, and precision of existing shaft systems have become bottlenecks restricting system performance improvement.
[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content
[0008] (a) Technical problems to be solved
[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-rigidity precision shaft system structure to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems. This addresses the issue of insufficient shaft system rigidity in the prior art, which leads to undesirable swaying of the rotor axis relative to the stator axis of the azimuth shaft. The goal is to improve shaft system rigidity, reduce rotor axis sway, and enhance the pointing accuracy of the coarse tracking system of the laser communication terminal.
[0010] (II) Technical Solution
[0011] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0012] The first aspect of this utility model discloses a high-rigidity precision shaft structure for a coarse tracking system of a mirror-type laser communication terminal, including a stator support, a high-rigidity rotor frame, paired angular contact bearings, a frameless torque motor, and a precision angular displacement measuring device.
[0013] The stator support and the high-rigidity rotor frame are arranged radially along the azimuth axis, with the stator support located inside the high-rigidity rotor frame.
[0014] The paired angular contact bearings, frameless torque motor, and precision angular displacement measuring device are arranged radially between the stator support and the high-rigidity rotor frame.
[0015] The paired angular contact bearings, frameless torque motor, and precision angular displacement measuring device are arranged sequentially along the axis of the stator support, with the precision angular displacement measuring device located at one end of the shaft structure.
[0016] The stator support serves as the core of the internal structure, while the high-rigidity rotor frame, a ring-shaped component with reinforced external support, surrounds the stator support, enhancing its resistance to deformation by increasing the moment of inertia of its cross-section. Paired angular contact bearing assemblies bear combined radial and axial loads, and preload eliminates axial clearance, ensuring the concentricity of the high-rigidity rotor frame as it rotates around the stator support. The stator windings of the frameless torque motor are fixed to the outer wall of the stator support, while the rotor permanent magnets are integrated into the inner wall of the high-rigidity rotor frame, improving control accuracy by eliminating transmission chain backlash. The annular scale of the precision angular displacement measuring device is fixed to the end of the stator support, and the measuring module is installed at the corresponding position on the high-rigidity rotor frame, directly capturing changes in rotational angle. All functional components are arranged in layers along the axial direction, effectively distributing assembly stress.
[0017] The combination of paired angular contact bearings and a high-rigidity frame enhances anti-yaw capability, while the direct-drive characteristics of the frameless motor reduce transmission errors, and the axial layered layout minimizes accumulated assembly errors. These improvements collectively ensure the pointing accuracy of the mirror-type laser communication terminal under complex operating conditions, providing a fundamental support for establishing a reliable laser communication link.
[0018] Furthermore, the high-rigidity rotor frame is provided with annular reinforcing ribs or thickened wall structures on its outer edge, forming a feature of enhanced peripheral rigidity. Conventional inner rotor structures, due to their small cross-sectional area, are prone to elastic deformation under dynamic loads, leading to axial yaw. By increasing the diameter of the high-rigidity rotor frame at the mating point with the outer ring of the diagonally contacting bearings, the moment of inertia of the section can be increased, thereby enhancing bending stiffness. The annular reinforcing ribs or thickened wall structures on the outer edge further form continuous circumferential support, suppressing radial deformation; the thickened wall structure, by locally increasing the outer edge wall thickness, forms a gradient stiffness distribution. Both of these structures strengthen the outer edge region, enabling the frame to maintain geometric stability when subjected to torque.
[0019] Furthermore, the aforementioned structures determine their axis of rotation through cylindrical surface fits and their relative axial positions through end face fits. Cylindrical surface fits utilize cylindrical contact surfaces to achieve axis of rotation positioning, eliminating radial clearance and ensuring the consistency of the shaft system's rotation center. End face fits utilize axial contact surfaces to restrict relative displacement, constraining axial degrees of freedom and preventing bearing movement during operation.
[0020] Furthermore, the above structures can be fixed by one or a combination of clamping rings, large nuts, screws, or adhesive bonding, depending on the actual working conditions. The purpose is to provide stable axial constraint and prevent the bearing assembly from loosening. For example, screws are used for clamping in situations where frequent disassembly is required, while adhesive bonding is used for fixing in lightweight scenarios.
[0021] Furthermore, the inner ring of the paired angular contact bearing and the stator support are aligned by a cylindrical surface fit to determine their axis, and their relative axial position is determined by an end face fit. They are axially fixed by clamping with a pressure ring or a large nut. The outer ring of the paired angular contact bearing and the high-rigidity rotor frame are aligned by a cylindrical surface fit to determine their axis, and their relative axial position is determined by an end face fit. They are axially fixed by clamping with a pressure ring or a large nut.
[0022] During the assembly of the inner ring and stator support of the paired angular contact bearing, the cylindrical surface mating automatically aligns the axes of the inner ring and the stator support, while the end face mating restricts their relative axial movement. Subsequently, axial fixation is achieved by tightening with a pressure ring or a large nut. The assembly of the outer ring and the high-rigidity rotor frame adopts the same principle. The cylindrical surface mating ensures the coaxiality of the outer ring and the frame, the end face mating restricts axial displacement, and finally, the outer ring is fixed by tightening with a pressure ring or a large nut. This dual positioning and fixing method can effectively improve the overall rigidity of the bearing assembly and reduce the risk of deformation of the shaft system under dynamic loads.
[0023] Furthermore, the frameless torque motor includes stator windings and rotor permanent magnets;
[0024] The stator winding is fixed to the outer wall of the stator support, and the rotor permanent magnet is fixed to the inner wall of the high-rigidity rotor frame. The stator winding and the rotor permanent magnet are arranged radially opposite each other. After the stator winding is energized, the alternating magnetic field generated penetrates the air gap and acts on the rotor permanent magnet, forming a continuous tangential electromagnetic force that drives the high-rigidity rotor frame to rotate around the axis. This radial magnetic flux topology, combined with the high pole number design, effectively shortens the magnetic circuit length.
[0025] Furthermore, the stator winding and stator support are aligned using a cylindrical surface fit to determine their axis, and an end face fit to determine their relative axial position. The axial position is then fixed by clamping with a pressure ring, a large nut, screws, or adhesive bonding. During assembly, the stator winding is first radially aligned with the stator support via its cylindrical surface, and then its axial position reference is determined by end face contact. This multi-positioning and fixing mechanism ensures that the stator winding maintains a precise relative position with the stator support even under high-speed rotation and impact loads.
[0026] Furthermore, the rotor permanent magnet and the high-rigidity rotor frame are aligned by cylindrical surface mating to determine their axis of rotation, and their relative axial position is determined by end face mating. The axial position is then fixed by clamping with a pressure ring, a large nut, screws, or adhesive bonding. The rotor permanent magnet achieves radial positioning with the high-rigidity rotor frame through cylindrical surface mating, ensuring that their axes coincide and preventing dynamic imbalance caused by eccentricity. The end face mating further restricts axial displacement, preventing axial movement of the rotor permanent magnet during operation.
[0027] Furthermore, the precision angular displacement measuring device includes an annular scale and a precision measuring module;
[0028] The annular scale is connected to the stator support; the precision measurement module is connected to the high-rigidity rotor frame and is radially opposite to the annular scale.
[0029] The annular dial is fixedly connected to the stator support via an assembly interface. Its axial position is constrained by the end face fit relationship, and its axis is determined by assembly adjustment. The precision measurement module is fixedly connected to the high-rigidity rotor frame via an assembly interface. Its axial position is constrained by the end face fit relationship, and its axis is determined by assembly adjustment. When the high-rigidity rotor frame undergoes angular displacement relative to the stator support, the precision measurement module can detect the relative motion of the annular dial in real time. The radial relative arrangement ensures that the measurement reference and the motion trajectory are on the same plane, which can reduce errors.
[0030] Furthermore, the annular dial is connected to the stator support. The axis of the annular dial is adjusted and determined during assembly. The relative axial position of the two is determined by end face mating. The annular dial is fixed to the stator support by means of clamping with a pressure ring or by screw connection.
[0031] Furthermore, the precision measurement module is connected to the high-rigidity rotor frame. The axis of the precision measurement module is adjusted and determined during assembly. The relative axial position of the two is determined by end face mating. The precision measurement module is assembled onto the high-rigidity rotor frame by means of clamping with a pressure ring or by screw connection.
[0032] The assembly method of the aforementioned annular dial and precision measurement module avoids measurement reference offset caused by frame deformation or installation deviation, ensuring that the angular displacement detection signal remains synchronized with the actual rotor movement. The adjustable shaft fit and mechanical fixing structure ensure both controllable assembly accuracy and maintainable measurement reference surface.
[0033] Furthermore, the stator support and the high-rigidity rotor frame are made of aerospace aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or carbon fiber reinforced composite material; the surface of the high-rigidity rotor frame is treated with hard anodizing or nitriding.
[0034] Furthermore, the high-rigidity rotor frame is made of forged 7075 aluminum alloy or Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy.
[0035] By selecting forged 7075 aluminum alloy or Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy as the base material for the high-rigidity rotor frame, and combining it with hard anodizing or nitriding surface treatment processes, the overall rigidity of the structural components can be significantly improved while maintaining the lightweight design of the shaft system. After hard anodizing, the alumina layer formed on the surface of the aerospace aluminum alloy frame can effectively suppress micro-deformation. After nitriding, the titanium alloy frame forms a titanium nitride layer on the surface, which can reduce the coefficient of friction and improve dimensional stability. Through fiber layup design, carbon fiber reinforced composite materials can achieve optimal stiffness distribution in different stress directions. These material properties work synergistically to effectively suppress undesirable sway of the azimuth shaft system under dynamic loads.
[0036] (III) Beneficial Effects
[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0038] 1. This utility model forms a dual stiffness enhancement mechanism through cross-sectional area optimization and peripheral structural reinforcement, which significantly reduces the deformation of the high-stiffness rotor frame under the same load and effectively suppresses axial runout. This enables the coarse tracking system of the reflector-type laser communication terminal to maintain stable pointing accuracy under dynamic working conditions, meeting the stringent requirements of shaft rigidity for high-precision application scenarios such as inter-satellite laser links.
[0039] 2. This utility model achieves multi-dimensional positioning through the dual cooperation of cylindrical surface and end face. Combined with the clamping of pressure ring, large nut, screw connection or bonding to enhance the axial fixation reliability, it improves the structural stability of frameless torque motor, enhances the anti-shake capability of shaft system, suppresses the undesired sway of azimuth axis rotor axis, and thus improves the pointing accuracy and operational stability of reflector laser communication terminal coarse tracking system.
[0040] 3. This utility model integrates the measurement reference directly onto the interface between the stator winding and the rotor permanent magnet, making the detection axis coincide with the mechanical neutral plane of the load-bearing structure. This significantly reduces the impact of structural deformation on measurement accuracy and avoids the transmission of measurement errors caused by shaft deflection. As a result, the coarse tracking system of the reflector laser communication terminal can still maintain sub-arcsecond pointing accuracy under high-speed motion conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-rigidity precision shaft system according to the present invention.
[0043] In the diagram: 1-Stator support; 2-High-rigidity rotor frame; 3-Paired angular contact bearings; 4-Frameless torque motor; 5-Precision angular displacement measuring device. Detailed Implementation
[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0045] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0046] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
[0047] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.
[0048] Additionally, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that practice can be carried out without these specific details.
[0049] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example
[0050] See Figure 1 This utility model provides a high-rigidity precision shaft structure for a coarse tracking system of a mirror-type laser communication terminal, including a stator support 1, a high-rigidity rotor frame 2, paired angular contact bearings 3, a frameless torque motor 4, and a precision angular displacement measuring device 5.
[0051] The stator support 1 and the high-rigidity rotor frame 2 are arranged radially along the azimuth axis. The stator support 1 is arranged inside the high-rigidity rotor frame 2, and the outer edge of the high-rigidity rotor frame 2 is provided with annular reinforcing ribs.
[0052] The frameless torque motor 4 includes a stator winding and a rotor permanent magnet; the stator winding is fixed to the outer wall of the stator support 1, and the rotor permanent magnet is fixed to the inner wall of the high-rigidity rotor frame 2, with the stator winding and rotor permanent magnet arranged radially opposite each other.
[0053] The precision angular displacement measuring device 5 includes an annular scale and a precision measuring module; the annular scale is connected to the stator support 1; the precision measuring module is connected to the high-rigidity rotor frame 2 and is radially opposite to the annular scale.
[0054] Paired angular contact bearings 3, frameless torque motor 4, and precision angular displacement measuring device 5 are arranged radially between stator support 1 and high-rigidity rotor frame 2; the paired angular contact bearings 3, frameless torque motor 4, and precision angular displacement measuring device 5 are distributed sequentially along the axis of stator support 1, and the precision angular displacement measuring device 5 is located at one end of the shaft structure.
[0055] The inner ring, stator winding, and annular scale of the paired angular contact bearing 3 are fitted with the stator support 1 to determine the axis, and the relative axial position of the two is determined by the end face fit, and axial fixation is achieved by pressing with a pressure ring; the outer ring, rotor permanent magnet, and precision measurement module of the paired angular contact bearing 3 are fitted with the high rigidity rotor frame 2 to determine the axis, and the relative axial position of the two is determined by the end face fit, and axial fixation is achieved by pressing with a pressure ring.
[0056] The stator support 1 and the high-rigidity rotor frame 2 are made of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy; the surface of the high-rigidity rotor frame 2 is hard anodized.
[0057] The same or similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.
[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A high-rigidity precision shaft system structure for use in a coarse tracking system of a mirror-type laser communication terminal, characterized in that, It includes a stator support (1), a high-rigidity rotor frame (2), paired angular contact bearings (3), a frameless torque motor (4), and a precision angular displacement measuring device (5); The stator support (1) and the high-rigidity rotor frame (2) are arranged radially along the azimuth axis, with the stator support (1) arranged inside the high-rigidity rotor frame (2). The paired angular contact bearings (3), the frameless torque motor (4), and the precision angular displacement measuring device (5) are arranged radially between the stator support (1) and the high-rigidity rotor frame (2); The paired angular contact bearings (3), the frameless torque motor (4), and the precision angular displacement measuring device (5) are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the stator support (1), and the precision angular displacement measuring device (5) is located at one end of the shaft structure.
2. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-rigidity rotor frame (2) has annular reinforcing ribs or thickened wall structures on its outer edge.
3. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring of the paired angular contact bearing (3) and the stator bracket (1) are aligned by cylindrical surface fit to determine the axis, and the relative axial position is determined by end face fit. The bearing is axially fixed by clamping with a pressure ring or a large nut. The outer ring of the paired angular contact bearing (3) and the high rigidity rotor frame (2) are aligned by cylindrical surface fit to determine the axis, and the relative axial position is determined by end face fit. The bearing is axially fixed by clamping with a pressure ring or a large nut.
4. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frameless torque motor (4) includes a stator winding and a rotor permanent magnet; The stator winding is fixed to the outer wall of the stator support (1), and the rotor permanent magnet is fixed to the inner wall of the high-rigidity rotor frame (2). The stator winding and the rotor permanent magnet are arranged radially opposite to each other.
5. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stator winding and the stator support (1) are connected by cylindrical surface to determine the axis, and by end face to determine the relative axial position. The axial position is fixed by means of pressure ring, large nut, screw connection or bonding.
6. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotor permanent magnet and the high-rigidity rotor frame (2) are connected by cylindrical surface to determine the axis, and by end face to determine the relative axial position. The axial position is fixed by means of pressure ring, large nut, screw connection or bonding.
7. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision angular displacement measuring device (5) includes an annular scale and a precision measuring module; The annular scale is connected to the stator support (1); the precision measurement module is connected to the high-rigidity rotor frame (2) and is radially opposite to the annular scale.
8. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The annular dial is connected to the stator bracket (1). The axis of the annular dial is adjusted and determined during assembly. The relative axial position of the two is determined by end face fit. The annular dial is fixed to the stator bracket (1) by means of clamping with a pressure ring or by screw connection.
9. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The precision measurement module is connected to the high-rigidity rotor frame (2). The axis of the precision measurement module is adjusted and determined during assembly. The relative axial position of the two is determined by end face fit. The precision measurement module is assembled to the high-rigidity rotor frame (2) by means of pressure ring clamping or screw connection clamping.
10. The high-rigidity precision shaft system structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator support (1) and the high-rigidity rotor frame (2) are made of aerospace aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or carbon fiber reinforced composite material; the surface of the high-rigidity rotor frame (2) is treated with hard anodizing or nitriding.