Multi-interface adaptive internet of things data collection terminal device
By employing multi-interface adaptive design and multi-layer protection measures, the problems of existing equipment being incompatible with multiple protocols and electromagnetic interference have been solved, achieving high compatibility and reliability of the equipment in complex environments and reducing system complexity and cost.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SICHUAN YUANWEIMIN TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing data acquisition equipment typically only supports a single or limited type of interface, which cannot meet the needs of multiple protocols coexisting in industrial environments. Furthermore, it lacks adequate protection measures in environments with electromagnetic interference and reverse power connection, resulting in high equipment complexity, high cost, and low reliability.
Design a multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device, which integrates interfaces such as RS485, CAN, RS232, Ethernet, input/output and 4G modules, and uses protection modules such as TVS diodes, varistors, and reverse connection protection diodes, combined with heat dissipation and alarm modules. It adopts an ARM microprocessor as the core control unit to achieve multi-layer protection and intelligent heat dissipation for interfaces and power supply.
It achieves high compatibility and reliability of the equipment in complex electromagnetic environments, reduces system complexity and cost, and improves the ease of installation, commissioning and maintenance of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224501176U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to Internet of Things (IoT) terminals, specifically a multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of IoT technology, data acquisition terminals, as a bridge connecting the physical and digital worlds, directly impact the stability and data value of IoT systems. Existing technologies suffer from the following shortcomings:
[0003] Traditional data acquisition devices typically support only a single or limited number of interface types, failing to meet the demands of industrial environments where multiple protocols such as RS232, CAN bus, and analog inputs coexist. For example, a certain type of industrial gateway only provides RS485 and Ethernet interfaces. In scenarios requiring simultaneous access to PLCs, sensor networks, and digital outputs, additional protocol conversion equipment is needed, increasing system complexity and cost.
[0004] Industrial environments present threats such as electromagnetic interference (EMI), electrostatic discharge (ESD), and power surges, while existing equipment lacks adequate protection measures. For example, a certain data acquisition device uses only a single-stage TVS diode for protection, and its RS485 interface is prone to data loss or even hardware damage when subjected to a 4kV surge as specified in the IEC 61000-4-5 standard. Furthermore, reverse power connection can cause the main control chip to burn out, and most devices lack reverse connection protection. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-interface adaptive Internet of Things data acquisition terminal device, including an interface module, a main control module, a protection module, a heat dissipation module, a data storage module, a power supply module and an alarm module.
[0006] The interface module and power module are respectively connected to the main control module through the protection module; the heat dissipation module, data storage module and alarm module are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0007] Preferably, the protection module includes a power protection module and an interface protection module; the interface module is connected to the main control module through the interface protection module; and the power module is connected to the main control module through the power protection module.
[0008] Preferably, the interface protection module includes a TVS diode and a varistor;
[0009] The interface module is connected to the TVS diode; the TVS diode is connected to the varistor; and the varistor is connected to the main control module.
[0010] Preferably, the power protection module includes a reverse connection protection diode and a voltage regulator module;
[0011] The power supply module is connected to the reverse connection protection diode; the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the voltage regulator module; and the voltage regulator module is connected to the main control module.
[0012] Preferably, the interface module includes an RS485 interface, a CAN interface, an RS232 interface, an Ethernet interface, an input / output interface, and a 4G module;
[0013] The RS485 interface, CAN interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface, input / output interface, and 4G module are respectively connected to the TVS tube.
[0014] Preferably, the input / output interface includes an optocoupler input interface, a relay output interface, and an ADC acquisition interface; the optocoupler input interface, the relay output interface, and the ADC acquisition interface are respectively connected to the TVS diode.
[0015] Preferably, the heat dissipation module includes a temperature acquisition module, a fan control module, and a fan module; the fan module is connected to the fan control module; and the temperature acquisition module and the fan control module are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0016] Preferably, the temperature acquisition module includes a temperature sensor and an analog-to-digital converter; the temperature sensor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter; and the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the main control module.
[0017] Preferably, the alarm module includes an LED light and a buzzer; the LED light and the buzzer are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0018] Preferably, the main control module uses an ARM microprocessor.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device provided by this utility model integrates multiple interface types such as RS485 interface, CAN interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface, input / output interface, and 4G module, which can be compatible with various devices using different interface standards in different application scenarios. Whether it is traditional sensors and controllers in industrial fields or smart devices in smart homes, they can all be connected to the acquisition terminal device through the corresponding interfaces to achieve seamless data transmission. This multi-interface adaptive design greatly improves the compatibility and versatility of the device. Users no longer need to purchase multiple acquisition terminals for devices with different interface types, reducing equipment procurement costs and system complexity, while also facilitating the installation, debugging, and maintenance of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-interface adaptive Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition terminal device;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protection module. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solution of this utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the following description.
[0023] The features and performance of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device includes an interface module, a main control module, a protection module, a heat dissipation module, a data storage module, a power supply module, and an alarm module.
[0025] The interface module and power module are respectively connected to the main control module through the protection module; the heat dissipation module, data storage module and alarm module are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0026] The protection module includes a power protection module and an interface protection module; the interface module is connected to the main control module through the interface protection module; the power module is connected to the main control module through the power protection module.
[0027] The interface protection module includes a TVS diode and a varistor; the interface module is connected to the TVS diode; the TVS diode is connected to the varistor, and the varistor is connected to the main control module.
[0028] The power protection module includes a reverse connection protection diode and a voltage regulator module; the power module is connected to the reverse connection protection diode; the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the voltage regulator module; and the voltage regulator module is connected to the main control module.
[0029] The interface module includes an RS485 interface, a CAN interface, an RS232 interface, an Ethernet interface, input / output interfaces, and a 4G module;
[0030] The RS485 interface, CAN interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface, input / output interface, and 4G module are respectively connected to the TVS tube.
[0031] The input / output interface includes an optocoupler input interface, a relay output interface, and an ADC acquisition interface; the optocoupler input interface, relay output interface, and ADC acquisition interface are respectively connected to the TVS diode.
[0032] The heat dissipation module includes a temperature acquisition module, a fan control module, and a fan module; the fan module is connected to the fan control module; the temperature acquisition module and the fan control module are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0033] The temperature acquisition module includes a temperature sensor and an analog-to-digital converter; the temperature sensor is connected to the analog-to-digital converter; and the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the main control module.
[0034] The alarm module includes an LED light and a buzzer; the LED light and the buzzer are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0035] The main control module uses an ARM microprocessor.
[0036] Specifically, this utility model provides a multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device, including an interface module, a main control module, a protection module, a heat dissipation module, a data storage module, a power supply module, and an alarm module. The interface module and power supply module are connected to the main control module via the protection module; the heat dissipation module, data storage module, and alarm module are also connected to the main control module.
[0037] The protection modules include a power protection module and an interface protection module. The interface module is connected to the main control module through the interface protection module; the power module is connected to the main control module through the power protection module.
[0038] The interface protection module includes a TVS diode (e.g., a P6KE6.8CA model) and a varistor (e.g., a 14D471K model). The interface module is connected to the TVS diode; the TVS diode is connected to the varistor; and the varistor is connected to the main control module.
[0039] When an interface is subjected to electrostatic discharge (ESD) or surge current, the TVS diode responds rapidly, clamping the voltage to a safe level within a very short time (typically picoseconds), thus protecting downstream circuitry from high-voltage damage. The varistor, on the other hand, absorbs larger surge energy. When the surge current is large, the varistor's resistance decreases rapidly, dissipating the excess energy and acting as a buffer and protector. By using a TVS diode and a varistor in series, the advantages of both in response speed and energy absorption capacity are fully utilized, achieving efficient interface protection and effectively improving the reliability of equipment in complex electromagnetic environments.
[0040] The power protection module includes a reverse connection protection diode (e.g., a 1N4007 model) and a voltage regulator module (e.g., an LM7805 voltage regulator chip). The power module is connected to the reverse connection protection diode; the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the voltage regulator module; and the voltage regulator module is connected to the main control module.
[0041] Reverse polarity protection diodes have unidirectional conductivity. When the positive and negative terminals of the power supply are reversed, the diode cuts off, preventing current from flowing into the device and thus protecting it from damage caused by reverse polarity. Voltage regulator modules can convert unstable input voltages into stable output voltages (e.g., stabilizing a 7-35V input voltage to a 5V output), providing a stable operating voltage for the main control module and other electronic components. This ensures the device can operate normally even under fluctuating power supply voltages, improving its power adaptability and stability.
[0042] The interface module includes an RS485 interface (e.g., using a MAX485 chip), a CAN interface (e.g., using a TJA1050 chip), an RS232 interface (e.g., using a MAX3232 chip), an Ethernet interface (e.g., using a W5500 chip), input / output interfaces, and a 4G module (e.g., using a SIM7600CE module). The RS485 interface, CAN interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface, input / output interfaces, and 4G module are respectively connected to the TVS diode.
[0043] The input / output interfaces include an optocoupler input interface (e.g., using a TLP521 optocoupler), a relay output interface (e.g., using a JQC-3FF relay), and an ADC acquisition interface (e.g., using an ADC0809 chip). The optocoupler input interface provides electrical isolation, effectively preventing external interference signals from affecting the main control module, while also improving the anti-interference capability of the input signal, making it suitable for acquiring various switching signals. The relay output interface controls the start and stop of high-power loads, such as motors and solenoid valves. The ADC acquisition interface converts analog signals into digital signals.
[0044] 4G Module: The 4G module supports high-speed wireless data transmission.
[0045] The heat dissipation module includes a temperature acquisition module, a fan control module, and a fan module (such as an AD0812HB-A70GL fan). The fan module is connected to the fan control module; the temperature acquisition module and the fan control module are respectively connected to the main control module.
[0046] Temperature Acquisition Module: The temperature acquisition module includes a temperature sensor (such as the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor) and an analog-to-digital converter (since the DS18B20 has a digital output, the analog-to-digital converter here is not directly used for its signal conversion. However, in some complex temperature acquisition circuits, other analog signal conversion requirements may be involved. Here, it is emphasized that the core of temperature acquisition is the digital temperature sensor). The temperature sensor can collect the internal temperature information of the equipment in real time and accurately, and convert it into a digital signal for transmission to the main control module.
[0047] The fan control module receives control commands from the main control module based on temperature data transmitted from the temperature acquisition module. By adjusting the fan's power supply voltage or the duty cycle of the PWM signal, it achieves precise control of the fan speed. When the equipment temperature rises, the fan control module increases the fan speed accordingly to enhance heat dissipation; when the equipment temperature is low, it reduces the fan speed to reduce energy consumption and noise generation, thus achieving intelligent and efficient heat dissipation.
[0048] The data storage module uses a high-capacity storage chip (such as the W25Q256JVEIQ flash memory chip with a storage capacity of 256Mbit) to store the collected data.
[0049] The alarm module includes an LED light (e.g., a high-brightness red LED) and a buzzer (e.g., an active electromagnetic buzzer). The LED light and buzzer are connected to the main control module. When the equipment malfunctions or experiences an abnormality, the main control module controls the LED light to flash at different frequencies and colors to provide an alarm indication, and simultaneously, the buzzer emits an alarm sound of different tones.
[0050] The main control module uses an ARM microprocessor (such as an STM32F407ZGT6 microprocessor) as the core control unit of the entire device, which is used to coordinate and manage the work of various modules.
[0051] An embodiment of a multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device
[0052] Example 1: Data Acquisition and Monitoring System for Industrial Automated Production Lines
[0053] On the automated production line of a large automobile manufacturing company, numerous different types of production equipment and sensors are involved. For example, welding robots connect to sensors via RS485 interfaces to monitor parameters such as welding current and voltage in real time; CNC machine tools communicate with the control system via CAN interfaces to provide feedback on processing progress, tool wear, and other information; environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure on the production line are transmitted to analog signal acquisition devices equipped with RS232 interfaces via analog signals; simultaneously, to achieve remote monitoring and management of the production line, a connection to the company's Ethernet network is required; in addition, switch signals such as the status of safety doors on the production line are acquired via optocoupler input interfaces, while some actuators (such as motor start / stop) are controlled by relay output interfaces. Furthermore, to ensure data transmission and remote operation even in the event of factory network failures, 4G communication capabilities are provided. Therefore, a multi-interface adaptive IoT data acquisition terminal device is needed to integrate this data and achieve comprehensive monitoring and management of the production line.
[0054] Interface module
[0055] RS485 Interface: Employing the MAX485 chip, this interface connects to the welding robot's sensors to collect key parameters during the welding process. A shielded twisted-pair cable connects the sensor to the RS485 interface of the data acquisition terminal, ensuring stable data transmission and interference resistance.
[0056] CAN Interface: Utilizes the TJA1050 chip to connect with the CNC machine tool's control system, acquiring real-time machine tool operating status and machining data. A dedicated CAN bus cable is used for connection to ensure signal transmission quality.
[0057] RS232 Interface: Connects to analog signal acquisition devices. These devices convert analog signals such as temperature and pressure into digital signals and transmit them to the acquisition terminal via the RS232 interface. A standard RS232 serial cable is used for connection.
[0058] Ethernet interface: Using the W5500 chip, the data acquisition terminal is connected to the enterprise's Ethernet network via a network cable to achieve data communication with the remote monitoring server.
[0059] Input / output interfaces
[0060] Optical Coupler Input Interface: A TLP521 optocoupler is used to connect to the safety door status sensor on the production line. When the safety door opens or closes, the sensor outputs a corresponding switching signal, which is transmitted to the main control module in isolation through the optocoupler input interface to avoid external interference affecting the main control module.
[0061] Relay output interface: JQC-3FF relays are used to connect to some actuators on the production line, such as motor start-stop control circuits.
[0062] ADC acquisition interface: The ADC0809 chip is used to connect to some analog sensors (such as liquid level sensors) to convert analog signals into digital signals for processing by the main control module.
[0063] 4G Module: The SIM7600CE module is used. After inserting a SIM card, it can upload the collected data to the cloud server via the 4G network when the factory network fails. At the same time, it can receive control commands sent by the remote server to realize remote operation of the production line.
[0064] Protection module
[0065] Interface protection module: RS485, CAN, RS232, input / output interfaces, etc., are all connected to the main control module through a protection circuit composed of a TVS diode (P6KE6.8CA) and a varistor (14D471K). When the interface is subjected to electrostatic discharge or surge current, the TVS diode quickly responds with a clamping voltage, and the varistor absorbs excess energy, protecting the interface circuit.
[0066] Power protection module: The 24V DC power output from the power module first passes through the reverse connection protection diode (1N4007) to prevent reverse connection damage to the equipment; then the voltage is stabilized to 5V by the LM7805 voltage regulator module to provide a stable operating voltage for the main control module and other modules.
[0067] Heat dissipation module
[0068] Temperature acquisition module: Employs a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, installed inside the acquisition terminal device at key heat-generating locations, such as near the main control chip. It connects to the main control module via a single bus, acquiring and transmitting the device's internal temperature in real time.
[0069] Fan control module: Based on the temperature data received from the main control module, it controls the fan speed of the AD0812HB-A70GL via a PWM signal. When the temperature rises, the PWM signal duty cycle is increased to increase the fan speed; when the temperature falls, the duty cycle is decreased to decrease the fan speed.
[0070] Fan module: The fan is installed in a suitable position inside the equipment. Through the adjustment of the fan control module, effective heat dissipation of the equipment is achieved.
[0071] Data storage module: Uses W25Q256JVEIQ flash memory chip to store the collected production line data, including welding parameters, machine tool operating status, environmental parameters, etc.
[0072] Power module: External 220V AC power is converted to 24V DC power by a switching power supply to power the equipment. The power module has overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection functions. When the power supply voltage is abnormal, it will automatically cut off the power supply or take protective measures to ensure the safety of the equipment.
[0073] Alarm Module: A high-brightness red LED and an active electromagnetic buzzer are connected to the main control module. When a device malfunctions (such as interface communication interruption, overheating, or power failure), the LED flashes at a specific frequency, and the buzzer emits an alarm sound of different tones. Simultaneously, alarm information is sent to a remote monitoring server and the mobile terminals of maintenance personnel via a 4G module or Ethernet interface. Main Control Module: Employs an STM32F407ZGT6 microprocessor to coordinate and manage the operation of all modules.
Claims
1. A multi-interface adaptive Internet of Things data collection terminal device, characterized in that, Interface module, main control module, protection module, heat dissipation module, data storage module, power module and alarm module are included. The interface module and the power module are connected with the main control module through the protection module respectively. 2.The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device of claim 1, wherein, The protection module includes power protection module and interface protection module.
3. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 2, wherein, The interface module is connected with the TVS tube, and the TVS tube is connected with the voltage-dependent resistor, and the voltage-dependent resistor is connected with the main control module. The power protection module includes anti-reverse diode and voltage stabilizing module.
4. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 3, wherein, The power module is connected with the anti-reverse diode, the anti-reverse diode is connected with the voltage stabilizing module, and the voltage stabilizing module is connected with the main control module. The interface module includes RS485 interface, CAN interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface, input and output interface and 4G module.
5. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 4, wherein, The RS485 interface, CAN interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface, input and output interface and 4G module are connected with the TVS tube respectively. The input and output interface includes optocoupler input interface, relay output interface and ADC acquisition interface.
6. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 5, wherein, The heat dissipation module includes temperature acquisition module, fan control module and fan module.
7. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 2, wherein, The temperature acquisition module includes temperature sensor and analog-to-digital converter.
8. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 7, wherein, The alarm module includes LED lamp and buzzer.
9. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device according to claim 2, wherein, The main control module adopts arm microprocessor.
10. The multi-interface adaptive IoT data collection terminal device of claim 1, wherein,