Cell heat dissipation and pressure relief components and battery pack

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of battery cell heat dissipation structure, providing a battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly and a battery pack. The battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly includes a liquid cooling plate and an exhaust component. The liquid cooling plate is configured to be attached to the side wall of the battery cell for heat dissipation. An exhaust channel is formed within the exhaust component, which has a first opening and a second opening, respectively communicating with the exhaust channel. The first opening is configured to correspond to the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell; the second opening is configured to communicate with the exhaust port on the battery pack. This utility model's battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly dissipates heat from the battery cell by attaching a liquid cooling plate to the side wall of the battery cell, minimizing the risk of thermal runaway due to excessively high battery cell temperature. Simultaneously, by providing an exhaust component at the explosion-proof valve location of the battery cell, even if thermal runaway occurs, the exhaust channel within the exhaust component can directly guide the overheated medium discharged from the explosion-proof valve to the exhaust port and out of the battery pack, preventing the overheated medium from diffusing within the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery cell heat dissipation structure technology, and in particular to a battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief component and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] During the charging and discharging of the cells within a battery pack, the cells generate a significant amount of heat, causing their temperature to rise. When a single cell in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, it produces a large amount of high-temperature, high-heat medium, leading to excessively high internal pressure within the cell. In related technologies, to prevent hazards caused by excessive internal pressure, explosion-proof valves are typically installed on the cell casing. When the internal pressure of a cell becomes too high, the explosion-proof valve opens to expel this medium from the cell. However, this medium can diffuse throughout the entire internal space of the battery pack, potentially causing other cells to heat up and experience thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a cell heat dissipation and pressure relief component and a battery pack to solve the problem in the prior art where the overheated medium discharged after thermal runaway of a cell diffuses into the entire internal space of the battery pack, which may cause other cells to heat up and experience thermal runaway.

[0004] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly, comprising:

[0005] A liquid cooling plate is configured to be attached to the side wall of the battery cell for heat dissipation of the battery cell;

[0006] An exhaust device is provided, wherein an exhaust channel is formed within the exhaust device; the exhaust device is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the first opening and the second opening being respectively connected to the exhaust channel; the first opening is configured to correspond to the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell to receive the overheated medium inside the battery cell; the second opening is configured to connect to the exhaust port on the battery pack to discharge the overheated medium from the battery pack.

[0007] According to the present invention, the cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly has two second openings. When multiple cells are arranged in a row, one of the second openings of any one of the exhaust components is used to communicate with one of the second openings of an adjacent exhaust component, and the other second opening is used to communicate with an exhaust hole on the battery pack or one of the second openings of another adjacent exhaust component.

[0008] According to the present invention, in the cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly, the exhaust channel extends along the thickness direction of the cell, one second opening is disposed at one end of the exhaust channel, and the other second opening is disposed at the other end of the exhaust channel.

[0009] According to the battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly of this utility model, a gas guide is provided in the first opening, and the gas guide is used to ensure that the overheated medium can only flow from the explosion-proof valve side into the exhaust channel.

[0010] According to the battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly of this utility model, the air guide is a one-way valve or mica paper.

[0011] According to the present invention, the cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly is provided in which the exhaust component and the liquid cooling plate are detachably connected.

[0012] According to the battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly of this utility model, the exhaust component is provided with a first snap-fit ​​part, and the liquid cooling plate is provided with a second snap-fit ​​part that is adapted to the first snap-fit ​​part, and the first snap-fit ​​part and the second snap-fit ​​part snap-fit ​​together.

[0013] According to the battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly of this utility model, the liquid cooling plate is connected to a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe;

[0014] The inlet pipe is configured to abut against one side of the battery cell, the outlet pipe abuts against the other side of the battery cell, and the venting device is configured to abut against the bottom of the battery cell. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are used to cooperate with the venting device to limit the position of the battery cell.

[0015] Secondly, this utility model provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0016] A housing having an inner cavity formed therein, and the housing having an exhaust port communicating with the inner cavity;

[0017] The battery cell is disposed within the inner cavity of the housing;

[0018] As described in any of the above-mentioned cell heat dissipation and pressure relief components, the exhaust channel and the exhaust port are connected.

[0019] According to the present invention, the battery pack includes multiple modules, which are arranged along the width direction of the housing; each module includes multiple battery cells, which are arranged along the length direction of the housing.

[0020] The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief components are configured one-to-one with the cells; the multiple exhaust channels corresponding to the cells in the same module are connected in sequence to form an exhaust air path; the exhaust holes are connected one-to-one with the exhaust air path.

[0021] This utility model's cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly utilizes a liquid cooling plate attached to the side wall of the cell. The liquid cooling plate dissipates heat from the cell through internally flowing coolant, minimizing the risk of thermal runaway due to excessive cell temperature. Simultaneously, an exhaust vent is installed at the cell's explosion-proof valve location. The exhaust channel within the vent connects the vent on the cell's explosion-proof valve to the exhaust port on the battery pack casing. Even in the event of thermal runaway, the exhaust channel directly guides the overheated medium discharged from the explosion-proof valve to the exhaust port and out of the battery pack, preventing the overheated medium from spreading within the battery pack's interior. This effectively solves the problem in existing technologies where overheated medium discharged after cell thermal runaway spreads throughout the entire battery pack's interior, potentially causing other cells to overheat and experience thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly and the cell provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a top view of the battery pack structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly;

[0031] 11. Liquid cooling plate; 111. Second snap-fit ​​part; 112. Liquid inlet pipe; 113. Liquid outlet pipe;

[0032] 12. Exhaust component; 121. First opening; 122. Second opening; 123. Air guide component; 124. First snap-fit ​​part;

[0033] 2. Battery cells;

[0034] 3. Casing; 31. Vent; 32. First main pipe; 33. Second main pipe;

[0035] 4. Module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0037] The following is combined with Figures 1-3 This invention describes the cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly 1, including: a liquid cooling plate 11 and an exhaust component 12. The liquid cooling plate 11 is configured to be attached to the side wall of the cell 2 for heat dissipation of the cell 2. An exhaust channel is formed in the exhaust component 12, and the exhaust component 12 is provided with a first opening 121 and a second opening 122, which are respectively connected to the exhaust channel; the first opening 121 is configured to correspond to the explosion-proof valve of the cell 2 to receive the overheated medium in the cell 2; the second opening 122 is configured to communicate with the exhaust hole 31 on the battery pack to discharge the overheated medium from the battery pack.

[0039] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 11 is attached to the side wall of the battery cell 2 to exchange heat with the battery cell 2, thereby cooling the battery cell 2 and preventing its temperature from becoming too high. Specifically, the liquid cooling plate 11 typically has a liquid cooling channel inside, through which the flow of coolant carries away the heat from both the liquid cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 2. It can be understood that the liquid cooling plate 11 can be attached to the side wall of the battery cell 2 with the largest area to increase the contact area between the liquid cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 2, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. For example, taking a square-structured battery cell 2 as an example, the battery cell 2 has a long side, a wide side, and a thick side with successively decreasing lengths. The surface enclosed by the long side and the wide side is the large surface of the battery cell 2, and the liquid cooling plate 11 can be attached to the large surface of the battery cell 2.

[0040] Meanwhile, by setting an exhaust component 12 at the explosion-proof valve position of the battery cell 2, an exhaust channel is formed inside the exhaust component 12. The exhaust channel is connected to the vent where the explosion-proof valve is located through the first opening 121, and is connected to the exhaust hole 31 on the battery pack housing 3 through the second opening 122. When the explosion-proof valve is opened to release pressure due to the pressure of the overheated medium inside the battery cell 2, the discharged overheated medium can flow directly to the exhaust hole 31 through the exhaust channel and be discharged from the exhaust hole 31, so as to avoid the overheated medium from spreading in the inner cavity of the battery pack and causing thermal runaway of other battery cells 2.

[0041] The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly 1 of this utility model dissipates heat from the cell 2 by attaching a liquid cooling plate 11 to the side wall of the cell 2. The liquid cooling plate 11 can dissipate heat from the cell 2 through the internal flowing coolant, thus minimizing the risk of thermal runaway due to excessive temperature of the cell 2. At the same time, by setting an exhaust component 12 at the explosion-proof valve position of the cell 2, the exhaust channel inside the exhaust component 12 connects the vent hole of the explosion-proof valve on the cell 2 with the exhaust hole 31 on the battery pack shell 3. Even if the cell 2 experiences thermal runaway, the exhaust channel can directly guide the overheated medium discharged from the explosion-proof valve to the exhaust hole 31 and discharge it from the battery pack, preventing the overheated medium from spreading in the inner cavity of the battery pack. This effectively solves the problem in the prior art where the overheated medium discharged after cell thermal runaway spreads to the entire inner cavity of the battery pack, which may cause other cells to heat up and experience thermal runaway.

[0042] It is understood that the battery pack usually contains multiple modules 4, which are composed of multiple cells 2 connected in series and parallel. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief component 1 of this utility model can be set up one-to-one with the cells 2.

[0043] Optionally, the venting component 12 corresponding to each battery cell 2 can be connected to the venting hole 31 on the housing 3. Alternatively, the venting components 12 of multiple battery cells 2 can be interconnected to form a complete exhaust path, with the end of the exhaust path connected to the venting hole 31. Compared to the scheme where each venting component 12 can be connected to the venting hole 31 separately, the exhaust path is simpler and helps to reduce the size of the battery pack.

[0044] Specifically, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are two second openings 122. When multiple cells 2 are arranged in a row, one second opening 122 of any vent 12 is used to communicate with one second opening 122 of an adjacent vent 12, and the other second opening 122 is used to communicate with the vent 31 on the battery pack or one second opening 122 of another adjacent vent 12.

[0045] In this embodiment, by providing two second openings 122 on the exhaust component 12, when multiple battery cells 2 are arranged in a row, the exhaust components 12 of multiple battery cells 2 can be connected sequentially through the second openings 122, so that the exhaust channels in the multiple exhaust components 12 are connected into a complete exhaust air path. The two second openings 122 of the exhaust component 12 located at the non-end position of the exhaust air path are respectively connected to the second openings 122 of two adjacent exhaust components 12. The second opening 122 of the exhaust component 12 located at the end position of the exhaust air path is connected to the second opening 122 of the adjacent exhaust component 12. The other second opening 122 is used to connect with the exhaust hole 31 on the battery pack, so that the overheated medium entering the exhaust air path from the inside of the battery cell 2 can be discharged through the exhaust hole 31.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust channel extends along the thickness direction of the cell 2, and a second opening 122 is provided at one end of the exhaust channel, and another second opening 122 is provided at the other end of the exhaust channel.

[0047] It is understood that the thickness direction of cell 2 is parallel to the thick edge of cell 2. When multiple cells 2 are installed in a battery pack, they can be stacked along the thickness direction of cell 2 to make the arrangement of multiple cells 2 more compact and occupy less space. In this embodiment, the exhaust channel of the exhaust component 12 is set to extend along the thickness direction of cell 2, and a second opening 122 is provided at each end of the exhaust channel. This allows the exhaust component 12 corresponding to any cell 2 to be connected to the exhaust component 12 corresponding to the adjacent cell 2 when multiple cells 2 are stacked along the thickness direction of cell 2, and also makes the arrangement of the exhaust components 12 more compact.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a gas guide 123 is provided in the first opening 121. The gas guide 123 is used to ensure that the superheated medium can only flow from the explosion-proof valve side into the exhaust channel.

[0049] In this embodiment, by providing a gas guide 123 in the first opening 121, the gas guide 123 can restrict the flow direction of the overheated medium, so that the overheated medium can only flow from the explosion-proof valve side into the exhaust channel, and cannot flow through the first opening 121 to the explosion-proof valve. This is to prevent the overheated medium in the exhaust gas path formed by the connection of multiple exhaust channels from flowing through the first opening 121 to the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 2, which has not yet experienced thermal runaway, and thus causing the normally operating battery cell 2 to heat up and experience thermal runaway.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments, the air guide 123 is a one-way valve or mica paper.

[0051] The check valve can restrict the flow direction of the medium passing through the first opening 121, so that the superheated medium can only flow from the explosion-proof valve side into the exhaust channel.

[0052] The mica paper can remain intact and seal the first opening 121 when the corresponding explosion-proof valve is not open, thereby preventing the overheated medium in the exhaust gas path from flowing to the corresponding explosion-proof valve through the first opening 121. When the corresponding explosion-proof valve is opened, the overheated medium discharged by the explosion-proof valve can impact and break the mica paper so that it can flow into the exhaust channel through the first opening 121.

[0053] In some embodiments, the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11 are detachably connected. In this embodiment, by detachably connecting the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11, the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11 are formed as a whole, so as to install and fix the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust component 12 is provided with a first snap-fit ​​part 124, and the liquid cooling plate 11 is provided with a second snap-fit ​​part 111 that is adapted to the first snap-fit ​​part 124. The first snap-fit ​​part 124 and the second snap-fit ​​part 111 snap-fit ​​together.

[0055] In this embodiment, by providing a first snap-fit ​​portion 124 and a second snap-fit ​​portion 111 that are adapted to each other on the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11, the first snap-fit ​​portion 124 and the second snap-fit ​​portion 111 can snap into each other to connect the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11, so that the exhaust component 12 and the liquid cooling plate 11 can be easily and quickly connected or disassembled.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second latching part 111 can be two oppositely arranged card slots, and the first latching part 124 can be a protrusion structure that corresponds one-to-one with the card slot. The protrusion structure can be inserted into the corresponding card slot so as to connect the first latching part 124 and the second latching part 111.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the liquid cooling plate 11 is connected to an inlet pipe 112 and an outlet pipe 113. The inlet pipe 112 is configured to abut against one side of the battery cell 2, the outlet pipe 113 abuts against the other side of the battery cell 2, and the exhaust device 12 is configured to abut against the bottom of the battery cell 2. The inlet pipe 112 and the outlet pipe 113 are used to cooperate with the exhaust device 12 to limit the battery cell 2.

[0058] In this embodiment, the inlet pipe 112 is used to introduce coolant into the liquid cooling plate 11. After flowing through the liquid cooling channels within the liquid cooling plate 11, the coolant can be discharged from the outlet pipe 113 to achieve coolant circulation. Simultaneously, when the liquid cooling plate 11 is attached to the battery cell 2, the inlet pipe 112 and the outlet pipe 113 are located on opposite sides of the battery cell 2, respectively, and can clamp and fix the battery cell 2. The exhaust component 12 abuts against the bottom of the battery cell 2, so as to limit the battery cell 2 together with the inlet pipe 112 and the outlet pipe 113.

[0059] On the other hand, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this utility model also provides a battery pack, including: a housing 3, a battery cell 2, and a battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly 1 as provided in any of the above embodiments. An inner cavity is formed within the housing 3, and the housing 3 is provided with an exhaust port 31 communicating with the inner cavity. The battery cell 2 is disposed within the inner cavity of the housing 3. The exhaust channel and the exhaust port 31 are connected. By employing the battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly 1 of the above embodiments, the battery pack of this utility model also possesses the advantages of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the battery pack includes multiple modules 4, which are arranged along the width of the housing 3. Each module 4 includes multiple battery cells 2, which are arranged along the length of the housing 3. A battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly 1 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each battery cell 2. Multiple exhaust channels corresponding to the battery cells 2 in the same module 4 are sequentially connected to form an exhaust path. Exhaust holes 31 are connected to the exhaust path in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0061] It is understandable that the casing 3 is typically square, and the length direction of the casing 3 is the direction in which the long side of the bottom of the battery pack extends when the battery pack is laid flat (e.g., ...). Figure 5 (in the X direction), the width direction of the casing 3 is the extension direction of the wide side of the bottom side of the battery pack (e.g., in the X direction). Figure 5 (Y direction). Multiple modules 4 are installed inside the housing 3. The multiple modules 4 are arranged along the width direction of the housing 3. Each module 4 includes multiple cells 2 connected in series and parallel. The cells 2 of the same module 4 are arranged along the length direction of the housing 3, so that the cells 2 in the battery pack are arranged in a matrix, which is more compact.

[0062] Each battery cell 2 is equipped with a corresponding battery cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly 1. For example, as shown... Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the liquid cooling plate 11 can be attached to the side wall of the battery cell 2. In each module 4, the liquid cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 2 are arranged in the form of "liquid cooling plate 11-battery cell 2-liquid cooling plate 11-battery cell 2..." along the length of the housing 3. The inlet pipes 112 of multiple liquid cooling plates 11 corresponding to the same module 4 are connected in sequence, and the drain pipes 113 are connected in sequence. The housing 3 is also provided with a first main pipe 32 and a second main pipe 33. The first main pipe 32 is connected to the inlet pipe 112 of each module 4 to supply coolant to each liquid cooling plate 11, and the second main pipe 33 is connected to the drain pipe 113 of each module 4 to drain the coolant from each liquid cooling plate 11.

[0063] In the same module 4, the exhaust components 12 corresponding to each cell 2 are set on the same side of the cell 2. The exhaust channels in each exhaust component 12 are connected in sequence to form an exhaust air path. The side wall of the housing 3 has a corresponding exhaust hole 31. The exhaust hole 31 is connected to the exhaust air path so as to discharge the overheated medium in the exhaust air path.

[0064] In some embodiments, the vent 31 is provided with an explosion-proof valve.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An electric cell heat dissipation pressure relief assembly, comprising: include: A liquid cooling plate is configured to be attached to the side wall of the battery cell for heat dissipation of the battery cell; An exhaust component, wherein an exhaust passage is formed within the exhaust component; The venting component has a first opening and a second opening, which are respectively connected to the venting channel. The first opening is configured to correspond to the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell to receive the overheated medium inside the battery cell. The second opening is configured to connect to the venting hole on the battery pack to discharge the overheated medium from the battery pack.

2. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two second openings. When multiple cells are arranged in a row, one of the second openings of any vent is used to communicate with one of the second openings of an adjacent vent, and the other second opening is used to communicate with a vent on the battery pack or one of the second openings of another adjacent vent.

3. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The exhaust channel extends along the thickness direction of the battery cell, with one second opening located at one end of the exhaust channel and the other second opening located at the other end of the exhaust channel.

4. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, A gas guide is provided in the first opening, which is used to ensure that the superheated medium can only flow from the explosion-proof valve side into the exhaust channel.

5. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air guide component is a one-way valve or mica paper.

6. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust component and the liquid cooling plate are detachably connected.

7. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exhaust component is provided with a first snap-fit ​​part, and the liquid cooling plate is provided with a second snap-fit ​​part that is adapted to the first snap-fit ​​part. The first snap-fit ​​part and the second snap-fit ​​part snap-fit ​​together.

8. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid cooling plate is connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe; The inlet pipe is configured to abut against one side of the battery cell, the outlet pipe abuts against the other side of the battery cell, and the venting device is configured to abut against the bottom of the battery cell. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are used to cooperate with the venting device to limit the position of the battery cell.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: A housing having an inner cavity formed therein, and the housing having an exhaust port communicating with the inner cavity; The battery cell is disposed within the inner cavity of the housing; The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the exhaust channel and the exhaust port are connected.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery pack includes multiple modules, which are arranged along the width direction of the housing; each module includes multiple battery cells, which are arranged along the length direction of the housing. The cell heat dissipation and pressure relief components are configured one-to-one with the cells; the multiple exhaust channels corresponding to the cells in the same module are connected in sequence to form an exhaust air path; the exhaust holes are connected one-to-one with the exhaust air path.

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