Battery pack and battery cluster

Abstract

The application provides a battery pack and a battery cluster. The battery pack comprises a battery cell assembly, a first liquid cooling plate and a second liquid cooling plate arranged at the top and bottom of the battery cell assembly respectively, and the battery cell assembly comprises a plurality of battery cell columns arranged in sequence, and the top and bottom of the battery cell columns are in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate respectively. A heat exchange member is arranged between two adjacent battery cell columns, the heat exchange member is in heat exchange contact with the adjacent battery cell columns and in heat exchange contact with one of the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate; when a plurality of battery packs are stacked in the thickness direction in sequence, the second liquid cooling plate of an upper battery pack serves as the first liquid cooling plate of a lower battery pack, heat in the height direction of the battery cell columns is transferred to the liquid cooling plate through the heat exchange member for heat exchange, the heat dissipation in the height direction is strengthened, the heat exchange member cooperates with the two liquid cooling plates, three-dimensional heat exchange of the bottom, top and side of the battery cell assembly is realized, and temperature gradient in the height direction of the battery pack is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery pack and battery cluster. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack typically consists of a casing, a liquid cooling plate, and battery cell modules, with the cell modules housed within the casing. The liquid cooling plate is connected to the bottom of the casing and contacts the bottom of the cell modules. Heat generated by the cell modules, such as during high-rate fast charging, is transferred to the liquid cooling plate at the bottom and carried away by the coolant flowing within it, thus dissipating heat from the cell modules and cooling the entire battery pack.

[0003] However, since the liquid cooling plate is located at the bottom of the cell module, and the cell module has a certain height, the heat in the cell module in the height direction cannot be dissipated in time. This results in a lower temperature at the bottom and a higher temperature at the top of the cell module, meaning that the temperature distribution in the height direction of the cell module is uneven. This leads to a temperature gradient in the height direction of the battery pack, which will limit the charge and discharge rate of the battery pack and shorten its cycle life over long-term use. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery pack and battery cluster to solve the problem of temperature gradient in the height direction of the battery pack, thereby ensuring the charge and discharge rate of the battery pack and extending the cycle life of the battery pack.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery pack, including a first liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling plate, and a battery cell assembly;

[0006] The first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the battery cell assembly. The battery cell assembly includes multiple battery cell columns, which are arranged sequentially at least along a first direction. The top of the battery cell column is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate, and the bottom of the battery cell column is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate.

[0007] In the first direction, a heat exchanger is provided between two adjacent rows of cells, the heat exchanger is in heat exchange contact with the adjacent rows of cells, and is in heat exchange contact with one of the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate;

[0008] When multiple battery packs are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction, in two adjacent battery packs, the second liquid cooling plate of the upper battery pack serves as the first liquid cooling plate of the lower battery pack.

[0009] The battery pack provided in this application, by setting a first liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling plate, and a cell assembly, places the first and second liquid cooling plates respectively on the top and bottom of the cell assembly. The cell assembly includes multiple cell rows arranged sequentially at least along a first direction, with the top of each cell row in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate and the bottom of each cell row in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate. This allows the cell assembly to exchange heat with both the top and bottom liquid cooling plates. In other words, the heat from the cell assembly can be transferred to the top first liquid cooling plate and carried away by the coolant flowing within it, and the heat can also be transferred to the bottom second liquid cooling plate and carried away by the coolant flowing within it. Compared to related technologies where the liquid cooling plate is only placed at the bottom of the cell assembly, this increases the heat dissipation path of the cell assembly, improves the heat dissipation performance of the battery module, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack, ensuring the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery pack, and extending the cycle life of the battery pack.

[0010] Furthermore, in the first direction, a heat exchanger is provided between two adjacent rows of cells. The heat exchanger makes heat exchange contact with the adjacent rows of cells and with one of the first and second liquid cooling plates. In other words, each row of cells within the cell assembly has heat exchangers on both sides in the first direction. Both sides of the row of cells within the cell assembly in the first direction make heat exchange contact with one of the first and second liquid cooling plates through the heat exchangers. This creates a heat transfer path between the sides of the row of cells, the heat exchangers, and one of the first and second liquid cooling plates, allowing the row of cells to maintain heat transfer in the height direction. The upward-flowing heat is transferred to the liquid cooling plate through the heat exchangers on both sides, increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell array and further increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell assembly. This allows the heat in the cell assembly along its height to be dissipated in a timely manner through the heat exchangers, enhancing heat dissipation in the vertical direction and making the temperature distribution of the cell assembly more uniform. This further improves the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack and, to some extent, avoids the phenomenon of temperature gradients in the vertical direction of the battery module, further ensuring the charge and discharge rate of the battery pack and extending its cycle life. Moreover, the heat exchangers do not require piping, making them simple and efficient, and reducing the difficulty of assembly process. The heat exchangers, the first liquid cooling plate, and the second liquid cooling plate work together to achieve three-dimensional heat exchange and cooling of the cell assembly, with simultaneous heat exchange at the bottom, top, and sides. This further improves the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the cell assembly and reduces the maximum temperature and vertical temperature difference.

[0011] Meanwhile, when multiple battery packs are stacked along their thickness to form a battery cluster, in two adjacent battery packs, the second liquid cooling plate of the upper battery pack serves as the first liquid cooling plate of the lower battery pack. In other words, the bottom liquid cooling plate of the upper battery pack is also the top liquid cooling plate of the lower battery pack. Two adjacent battery packs share a single liquid cooling plate. This liquid cooling plate can dissipate heat from the bottom of the upper battery pack and the top of the lower battery pack, saving space and piping, reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack, and reducing the overall height of the battery cluster while maintaining the same structure, thus reducing space occupation and meeting the design requirements for lightweighting.

[0012] In one possible design, the heat exchanger includes an intersecting first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section; the first heat exchange section is disposed between two adjacent rows of cells and makes heat exchange contact with the side of the adjacent rows of cells.

[0013] When the heat exchanger comes into heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate, the second heat exchange section is connected to the top of the first heat exchange section and is located between the corresponding battery cell array and the first liquid cooling plate, and the second heat exchange section comes into heat exchange contact with the top surface of the corresponding battery cell array and the first liquid cooling plate.

[0014] Alternatively, when the heat exchanger comes into heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate, the second heat exchange section is connected to the bottom end of the first heat exchange section and is located between the corresponding battery cell array and the second liquid cooling plate, and the second heat exchange section is in heat exchange contact with the bottom end face of the corresponding battery cell array and the second liquid cooling plate.

[0015] The above technical solution includes an intersecting first and second heat exchange sections. In the first direction, a first heat exchange section is provided between two adjacent cell rows, and each first heat exchange section makes heat exchange contact with the side of the adjacent cell row. The second heat exchange section of each heat exchanger is arranged between the corresponding cell row and the corresponding liquid cooling plate, and the second heat exchange section makes heat exchange contact with the end face of the corresponding cell row and the corresponding liquid cooling plate. In this way, each cell row, heat exchanger, and corresponding liquid cooling plate form a heat transfer path. The heat exchange contact area between the heat exchanger and the corresponding cell row is large, so that the heat in the height direction of the cell row can be transferred to the corresponding liquid cooling plate for heat exchange and cooling in a timely manner. That is, the heat exchanger transfers the side heat of the corresponding cell row to the corresponding liquid cooling plate for heat exchange, increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell row, thereby further increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell assembly. This allows the heat in the height direction of the battery pack to be dissipated in a timely manner through the heat exchanger, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution and further ensuring the charging and discharging efficiency and cycle life of the power bank.

[0016] In one possible design, the heat exchanger includes two second heat exchange sections; the two second heat exchange sections are connected to the same side of the first heat exchange section and extend along a first direction toward a direction away from each other, and the two second heat exchange sections respectively make heat exchange contact with two adjacent battery cells.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the heat exchange component arranged inside the battery cell assembly includes two second heat exchange sections. The two second heat exchange sections are located at the top or bottom of the first heat exchange section. The two second heat exchange sections extend along the first direction in a direction away from each other. For example, the first heat exchange section and the two second heat exchange sections can be formed into a T-shaped structure. The two second heat exchange sections respectively make heat exchange contact with the ends of two adjacent battery cell rows. This arrangement increases the contact area between the heat exchange component and the two adjacent battery cell rows, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the heat exchange component, improving the heat dissipation efficiency in the height direction of the battery cell assembly, further ensuring the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery pack, and making the cycle life of the battery pack longer.

[0018] And / or, the second heat exchange sections of all the heat exchange elements are located on the same side of the cell assembly, and the second heat exchange sections of two adjacent heat exchange elements extend toward each other and are connected, so that the second heat exchange sections of all the heat exchange elements are connected.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the second heat exchange section of all heat exchange components is arranged on the same side of the cell assembly and connected together. In this way, all heat exchange components of the cell assembly form an integral structure, which not only facilitates assembly and helps to improve the assembly efficiency of the battery pack, but also avoids the phenomenon of different temperatures of heat exchange components in different areas due to the inconsistent temperature of the coolant before and after the liquid cooling plate connected to the heat exchange components. The cooling efficiency of the cell assembly at the end of the coolant flow channel cavity is higher, and the temperature uniformity of the cell assembly is better, further avoiding the occurrence of temperature differences in the battery pack.

[0020] In one possible design, a first heat-conducting element is provided between the first heat exchange section and the side of the adjacent cell array.

[0021] By using the above technical solution, a first heat-conducting component is provided between the first heat exchange section and the side of the adjacent cell array, which improves the heat conduction efficiency between the first heat exchange section and the cell array. This allows the heat in the height direction of the cell array to be transferred to the first heat exchange section for heat dissipation in a timely manner, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the cell array and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack.

[0022] And / or, a second heat-conducting element is provided between the second heat exchange section and the corresponding cell row.

[0023] By using the above technical solution, a second heat-conducting component is set between the second heat exchange section and the corresponding cell array, which improves the heat conduction efficiency between the second heat exchange section and the corresponding cell array. This allows the heat on the cell array to be transferred to the second heat exchange section in a timely manner, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the cell array and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack.

[0024] And / or, a third heat-conducting element is provided between the second heat exchange section and the corresponding liquid cooling plate.

[0025] By using the above technical solution, a third heat-conducting component is set between the second heat exchange section and the corresponding liquid cooling plate, which improves the heat conduction efficiency between the second heat exchange section and the corresponding liquid cooling plate. This allows the heat transferred from the cell array to the heat exchange component to be transferred to the corresponding liquid cooling plate in a timely manner, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack.

[0026] And / or, at least a portion of the cell array has a fourth heat-conducting element disposed between the side facing the second heat exchange section and one of the first liquid cooling plate and the second liquid cooling plate.

[0027] By using the above technical solution, a fourth heat-conducting element is provided on the side of the battery cell array facing the second heat exchange section. One side of the fourth heat-conducting element is in heat exchange contact with the end of the battery cell array, and the other side of the fourth heat-conducting element is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate or the second liquid cooling plate. This improves the heat conduction efficiency between the battery cell array and the liquid cooling plate on the side where the second heat exchange section is located, and allows the heat at the end of the battery cell array to be transferred to the corresponding liquid cooling plate for heat exchange in a timely manner.

[0028] In one possible design, the height of the heat exchanger is not less than half the height of the cell array along the height direction of the battery pack.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the height of the heat exchanger is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the cell array in the height direction of the battery pack, which ensures the contact area between the heat exchanger and the cell array in the height direction of the battery pack. In this way, the heat exchanger can dissipate the heat in the height direction of the cell array in a timely manner, with high thermal conductivity, and further avoids the occurrence of temperature gradient in the height direction of the battery pack.

[0030] In one possible design, the height of the heat exchanger is equal to the height of the battery cell array, the top of the heat exchanger is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate, and the bottom of the heat exchanger is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate.

[0031] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, the height of the heat exchanger is made equal to the height of the battery cell array. This allows the top of the heat exchanger to make heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate, and the bottom to make heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate. In other words, the heat exchanger can transfer heat upwards to the first liquid cooling plate and downwards to the second liquid cooling plate along the height of the battery cell array. This increases the heat transfer path along the height of the battery cell array, enabling the heat exchanger to dissipate heat more quickly and efficiently, resulting in higher heat dissipation efficiency and further preventing temperature gradients in the battery pack along its height.

[0032] In one possible design, at least part of the heat exchanger includes at least two heat exchange sub-components, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the cell array.

[0033] The above technical solution enables the heat exchanger to include multiple heat exchange sub-components. In actual use, the multiple heat exchange sub-components are arranged sequentially along the length of the cell array to form the corresponding heat exchanger. Each heat exchange sub-component covers part of the side of the cell unit in the cell array. This arrangement is easier to implement in terms of process, reduces the difficulty of the assembly process to a certain extent, and helps to improve the manufacturing efficiency of the battery pack.

[0034] And / or, the thickness of the heat exchanger is 3mm-6mm.

[0035] The above technical solution has a reasonable thickness design for the heat exchange component, which not only ensures good heat transfer efficiency and can effectively dissipate heat in the height direction of the battery cell assembly, but also does not occupy too much volume, which helps to improve the energy density and driving range of the battery pack.

[0036] In one possible design, the heat exchanger is a metal heat exchanger with high thermal conductivity.

[0037] The above technical solution sets the heat exchanger as a metal heat exchanger with high thermal conductivity. It has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high thermal conductivity, which facilitates the timely removal of heat from the height of the battery cell assembly.

[0038] Alternatively, the heat exchanger may be a heat pipe filled with a gas-liquid phase change medium.

[0039] By using the above technical solution, the heat exchange component is set as a heat pipe. In this way, after the heat of the battery cell array is transferred to the heat pipe, the gas-liquid phase change of the medium inside the heat pipe can transfer the heat to the corresponding liquid cooling plate. The thermal resistance is extremely small and the thermal conductivity is high, which can promptly remove the heat in the height direction of the battery cell assembly.

[0040] Alternatively, the heat exchanger may be made of a carbon composite material.

[0041] The above technical solution uses carbon composite materials to make heat exchange components, which gives the heat exchange components a certain structural strength and facilitates assembly. At the same time, the heat exchange components also provide a certain support for the first liquid cooling plate.

[0042] In one possible design, the heat exchanger is provided on opposite sides of the two outermost rows of cells in the first direction;

[0043] The battery pack includes a housing, and in the first direction, the first heat exchange sections of the two outermost heat exchange elements are respectively disposed between the corresponding cell rows and the inner wall of the housing.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, heat exchange components are provided on the opposite sides of the two outermost cell rows in the first direction. That is, heat exchange components are provided on the outer sides of the two outermost cell rows in the first direction. This ensures that heat exchange components are arranged on both sides of each cell row in the first direction. Each cell row has heat exchange contact with the corresponding liquid cooling plate through two heat exchange components, so that the heat in the height direction of each cell row can be exchanged through two heat exchange components, which further improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange components in the height direction and enhances the heat dissipation of the battery pack in the height direction.

[0045] Secondly, this application provides a battery cluster including multiple battery packs as described above, wherein the multiple battery packs are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction, and in two adjacent battery packs, the second liquid cooling plate of the upper battery pack is the first liquid cooling plate of the lower battery pack.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the battery clusters provided in the second aspect and the various possible designs of the second aspect can be found in the first aspect and the various possible implementations of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a layout diagram of the heat exchange components of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the heat exchange component of a battery pack according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0051] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of a battery cluster according to another embodiment of this application.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First liquid cooling plate; 2. Second liquid cooling plate; 3. Cell assembly; 31. Cell row; 4. Heat exchanger; 41. First heat exchange section; 42. Second heat exchange section; 5. Second heat conduction component; 6. Fourth heat conduction component; 20. Battery pack; 201. Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0056] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0057] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0058] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the battery pack and battery cluster of this application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0059] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0060] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0061] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "linkage" in mechanical structures can refer to a physical connection, such as a fixed connection, for example, a connection secured by screws, bolts, or other spacers; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. In circuit structures, "connection" or "linkage" can refer not only to a physical connection but also to an electrical connection or a signal connection. For example, it can be a direct connection, i.e., a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, as long as the circuit is connected; it can also refer to the internal connection of two components. Signal connection can refer not only to signal connection through a circuit but also to signal connection through a medium, such as radio waves. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery pack 20, which includes a first liquid cooling plate 1, a second liquid cooling plate 2, and a cell assembly 3.

[0063] For details, please refer to point 1. Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2 are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the cell assembly 3. The cell assembly 3 includes a plurality of cell rows 31, and the plurality of cell rows 31 are at least along a first direction (reference). Figure 1 The cells 31 are arranged sequentially in the X direction (as shown in the image). The top of the cell array 31 is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the bottom of the cell array 31 is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate 2. In the first direction, a heat exchange element 4 is provided between two adjacent cell arrays 31. The heat exchange element 4 is in heat exchange contact with the adjacent cell array 31 and with one of the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2. Multiple battery packs 20 are arranged along the thickness direction (refer to the image). Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 When the batteries are stacked sequentially in the Z direction, in two adjacent battery packs 20, the second liquid cooling plate 2 of the upper battery pack 20 serves as the first liquid cooling plate 1 of the lower battery pack 20.

[0064] In some implementations, refer to Figure 1 As shown, in the first direction, a heat exchanger 4 is provided between two adjacent battery cell rows 31. The heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the adjacent battery cell row 31 and with the first liquid cooling plate 1. That is, each heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1 located above it. The heat exchanger 4 can transfer the heat from the side of the corresponding battery cell row 31 to the first liquid cooling plate 1 at the top.

[0065] In some other implementations, in the first direction, a heat exchanger 4 is provided between two adjacent battery cell rows 31. The heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the adjacent battery cell row 31 and with the second liquid cooling plate 2. That is, each heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate 2 located below it. The heat exchanger 4 can transfer the heat from the side of the corresponding battery cell row 31 to the second liquid cooling plate 2 at the bottom.

[0066] For specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, multiple cell arrays 31 can also be arranged along a second direction (reference). Figure 1 The cells are arranged in the Y direction, so that the battery pack 20 has at least two sets of cell columns in the second direction, and the battery pack 20 has a high energy density. Furthermore, in each set of cell columns, a heat exchanger 4 is provided between two adjacent cell columns 31 arranged in the second direction. The heat exchanger 4 can transfer the heat from the side of the adjacent cell column 31 to the corresponding liquid cooling plate in a timely manner, so that the heat of the battery pack 20 in the height direction can be dissipated in a timely manner, and the battery pack 20 has good heat dissipation and temperature uniformity in the height direction.

[0067] For example, refer to Figure 1As shown, the battery pack 20 has two sets of cell columns, which are arranged sequentially along a second direction. Each set of cell columns has multiple cell columns 31, and the multiple cell columns 31 in each set are arranged sequentially along the second direction, and refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in each group of battery cells, the heat exchanger 4 is provided between two adjacent battery cell rows 31.

[0068] To achieve higher energy storage, multiple battery packs 20 are typically stacked and connected sequentially along the thickness direction to form a battery cluster. In this stacked battery pack, the second liquid cooling plate 2 of the upper battery pack 20 serves as the first liquid cooling plate 1 of the lower battery pack 20. This means that the second liquid cooling plate 2 at the bottom of the upper battery pack 20 and the first liquid cooling plate 1 at the top of the lower battery pack 20 share a single liquid cooling plate, saving space and piping, reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack 20, and lowering the overall height of the battery cluster while maintaining the same structure, thus reducing space occupation and meeting lightweight design requirements.

[0069] The battery pack 20 provided in this embodiment is configured with a first liquid cooling plate 1, a second liquid cooling plate 2, and a cell assembly 3, with the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2 respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the cell assembly 3. The battery cell assembly 3 includes multiple cell rows 31, which are arranged sequentially at least along a first direction. The top of each cell row 31 is in heat exchange contact with a first liquid cooling plate 1, and the bottom of each cell row 31 is in heat exchange contact with a second liquid cooling plate 2. In this way, the battery cell assembly 3 can exchange heat with the first liquid cooling plate 1 at the top and with the second liquid cooling plate 2 at the bottom. That is, the heat of the battery cell assembly 3 can be transferred to the first liquid cooling plate 1 at the top and carried away by the coolant flowing inside the first liquid cooling plate 1. The heat of the battery cell assembly 3 can also be transferred to the second liquid cooling plate 2 at the bottom and carried away by the coolant flowing inside the second liquid cooling plate 2. Compared with the related technology where the liquid cooling plate is only arranged at the bottom of the battery cell assembly, this increases the heat dissipation path of the battery cell assembly 3, improves the heat dissipation performance of the battery module, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack 20, ensuring the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack 20, and extending the cycle life of the battery pack 20.

[0070] Furthermore, in the first direction, a heat exchanger 4 is provided between two adjacent battery cell rows 31. The heat exchanger 4 makes heat exchange contact with the adjacent battery cell rows 31 and with one of the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2. That is, each battery cell row 31 inside the battery cell assembly 3 has a heat exchanger 4 on both sides in the first direction. Both sides of the battery cell row 31 inside the battery cell assembly 3 in the first direction make heat exchange contact with one of the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2 through the heat exchanger 4. In this way, the sides of the battery cell row 31, the heat exchanger 4, and one of the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2 form a heat transfer path, so that the battery cell row 31... Heat in the vertical direction is transferred to the liquid cooling plate through the heat exchangers 4 on both sides, increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell array 31 and further increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell assembly 3. This allows the heat in the vertical direction of the cell assembly 3 to be dissipated in a timely manner through the heat exchangers 4, enhancing the heat dissipation of the cell assembly 3 in the vertical direction and making the temperature distribution of the cell assembly 3 more uniform. This further improves the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack 20, and to a certain extent avoids the occurrence of temperature gradients in the vertical direction of the battery module, further ensuring the charge and discharge rate of the battery pack 20 and further extending the cycle life of the battery pack 20. Moreover, the heat exchangers 4 do not require piping, which is simple and efficient and reduces the difficulty of assembly process. The heat exchangers 4, the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the second liquid cooling plate 2 work together to achieve three-dimensional heat exchange and cooling of the cell assembly 3, with simultaneous heat exchange at the bottom, top, and sides. This further improves the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the cell assembly 3 and reduces the maximum temperature and vertical temperature difference.

[0071] Meanwhile, when multiple battery packs 20 are stacked along their thickness direction to form a battery cluster, in two adjacent battery packs 20, the second liquid cooling plate 2 of the upper battery pack 20 serves as the first liquid cooling plate 1 of the lower battery pack 20. That is, the bottom liquid cooling plate of the upper battery pack 20 is also the top liquid cooling plate of the lower battery pack 20. Two adjacent battery packs 20 share a single liquid cooling plate. This liquid cooling plate can dissipate heat from the bottom of the upper battery pack 20 and from the top of the lower battery pack 20, saving space and piping, reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery packs 20, and reducing the overall height of the battery cluster while maintaining the same structure, thus reducing space occupation and meeting the design requirements for lightweighting.

[0072] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat exchanger 4 includes an intersecting first heat exchange section 41 and a second heat exchange section 42; the first heat exchange section 41 is disposed between two adjacent battery cell rows 31 and makes heat exchange contact with the side of the adjacent battery cell rows 31. The second heat exchange section 42 is disposed at the top or bottom of the first heat exchange section 41.

[0073] By including intersecting first heat exchange section 41 and second heat exchange section 42 in the heat exchange element 4, in the first direction, a first heat exchange section 41 is provided between two adjacent battery cell rows 31, and each first heat exchange section 41 is in heat exchange contact with the side of the adjacent battery cell row 31. The second heat exchange section 42 of each heat exchanger 4 is arranged between the corresponding cell row 31 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate, and the second heat exchange section 42 is in heat exchange contact with the end face of the corresponding cell row 31 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate. In this way, each cell row 31, heat exchanger 4, and corresponding liquid cooling plate form a heat transfer path. The heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with both outer walls of the corresponding cell row 31. The heat exchange contact area is large, so that the heat of the cell row 31 in the height direction can be transferred to the corresponding liquid cooling plate in time for heat exchange and cooling. That is, the heat exchanger 4 transfers the heat from the side of the corresponding cell row 31 to the corresponding liquid cooling plate for heat exchange, which increases the heat dissipation path of the cell row 31, thereby further increasing the heat dissipation path of the cell assembly 3. The heat of the battery pack 20 in the height direction can be dissipated in time through the heat exchanger 4, and the temperature distribution is relatively uniform, which further ensures the charging and discharging efficiency and cycle life of the power bank.

[0074] By setting a second heat exchange section 42 at the top or bottom of each first heat exchange section 41, the second heat exchange section 42 makes heat exchange contact with the end face of the corresponding cell array 31 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate. In this way, the first heat exchange section 41 makes heat exchange contact with the corresponding liquid cooling plate through the second heat exchange section 42, which increases the contact area between the first heat exchange section 41 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate, thereby increasing the heat transfer path between the first heat exchange section 41 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate. This facilitates the faster transfer of energy absorbed by the first heat exchange section 41 from the side of the cell array 31 to the corresponding liquid cooling plate, further enhancing the heat dissipation performance in the height direction of the battery pack 20, and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack 20.

[0075] In some implementations, when the heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1, the second heat exchange section 42 is connected to the top of the first heat exchange section 41 and is located between the corresponding battery cell array 31 and the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the second heat exchange section 42 is in heat exchange contact with the top surface of the corresponding battery cell array 31 and the first liquid cooling plate 1.

[0076] In some other implementations, when the heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate 2, the second heat exchange section 42 is connected to the bottom end of the first heat exchange section 41 and is located between the corresponding battery cell array 31 and the second liquid cooling plate 2, and the second heat exchange section 42 is in heat exchange contact with the bottom end face of the corresponding battery cell array 31 and the second liquid cooling plate 2.

[0077] The following embodiment is explained and illustrated by taking the example of the second heat exchange section 42 being connected to the top of the first heat exchange section 41, the second heat exchange section 42 being located between the top surface of the corresponding battery cell array 31 and the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the second heat exchange section 42 being in heat exchange contact with both the top surface of the corresponding battery cell array 31 and the first liquid cooling plate 1.

[0078] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 4 includes two second heat exchange sections 42; both second heat exchange sections 42 are connected to the top of the first heat exchange section 41 and extend along a first direction toward directions that are far apart from each other, and the two second heat exchange sections 42 respectively make heat exchange contact with two adjacent battery cell rows 31.

[0079] In other words, the heat exchanger 4 arranged inside the cell assembly 3 includes two second heat exchange sections 42. Both second heat exchange sections 42 are located at the top of the first heat exchange section 41. The two second heat exchange sections 42 extend in a direction away from each other along the first direction. The first heat exchange section 41 and the two second heat exchange sections 42 can be formed into a T-shaped structure, for example. The two second heat exchange sections 42 respectively make heat exchange contact with the top surfaces of the two adjacent cell rows 31. This arrangement increases the contact area between the heat exchanger 4 and the two adjacent cell rows 31, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the heat exchanger 4, improving the heat dissipation efficiency in the height direction of the cell assembly 3, further ensuring the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery pack 20, and making the cycle life of the battery pack 20 longer.

[0080] In some other embodiments, when the second heat exchange section 42 is connected to the bottom end of the first heat exchange section 41, the bottom end of the first heat exchange section 41 may also have two second heat exchange sections 42.

[0081] In other embodiments, one or two second heat exchange sections 42 may be provided at the top and bottom of the first heat exchange section 41, so that the second heat exchange section 42 at the top of the first heat exchange section 41 can make heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the second heat exchange section 42 at the bottom of the first heat exchange section 41 can make heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate 2, thereby making the heat exchange efficiency in the middle of the cell assembly 3 higher.

[0082] In some embodiments, the second heat exchange section 42 of all heat exchange elements 4 are located on the same side of the cell assembly 3, and the second heat exchange section 42 of two adjacent heat exchange elements 4 extend toward each other and are connected, so that the second heat exchange section 42 of all heat exchange elements 4 are connected.

[0083] By arranging the second heat exchange section 42 of all heat exchange components 4 on the same side of the cell assembly 3 and connecting them together, all heat exchange components 4 of the cell assembly 3 are formed into an integral structure. This not only facilitates assembly and helps improve the assembly efficiency of the battery pack 20, but also avoids the phenomenon of different temperatures of heat exchange components 4 in different areas due to the inconsistent temperature of the coolant before and after the liquid cooling plate connected to the heat exchange component 4. This results in higher cooling efficiency for the cell assembly 3 at the end of the coolant flow channel cavity, better temperature uniformity of the cell assembly 3, and further avoids the occurrence of temperature differences in the battery pack 20.

[0084] In some embodiments, a first heat-conducting element is provided between the first heat exchange section 41 and the side of the adjacent cell array 31.

[0085] By setting a first heat-conducting element between the first heat exchange section 41 and the side of the adjacent cell array 31, the heat conduction efficiency between the first heat exchange section 41 and the cell array 31 is improved. This allows the heat in the height direction of the cell array 31 to be transferred to the first heat exchange section 41 for heat dissipation in a timely manner, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the cell array 31 and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack 20.

[0086] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 As shown, a second heat-conducting element 5 is provided between the second heat exchange section 42 and the corresponding battery cell array 31.

[0087] By setting a second heat-conducting element 5 between the second heat exchange section 42 and the corresponding cell array 31, the heat conduction efficiency between the second heat exchange section 42 and the corresponding cell array 31 is improved. This allows the heat on the cell array 31 to be transferred to the second heat exchange section 42 in a timely manner, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the cell array 31 and further preventing the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack 20.

[0088] In some embodiments, a third heat-conducting element is provided between the second heat exchange section 42 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate.

[0089] By setting a third heat-conducting component between the second heat exchange section 42 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate, the heat conduction efficiency between the second heat exchange section 42 and the corresponding liquid cooling plate is improved. This allows the heat transferred from the cell array 31 to the heat exchange component 4 to be transferred to the corresponding liquid cooling plate in a timely manner, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack 20.

[0090] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 As shown, at least a portion of the cell array 31 has a fourth heat-conducting element 6 disposed between the side facing the second heat exchange section 42 and one of the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the second liquid cooling plate 2.

[0091] For example, refer to Figure 1As shown, the second heat exchange section 42 is disposed at the top of the corresponding first heat exchange section 41, and at least a portion of the cell array 31 is provided with a fourth heat-conducting element 6 between the side of the cell array 31 facing the second heat exchange section 42 (the top surface of the cell array 31) and the first liquid cooling plate 1.

[0092] By providing a fourth heat-conducting element 6 on the top surface of the battery cell array 31, one side of the fourth heat-conducting element 6 is in heat exchange contact with the top surface of the battery cell array 31, and the other side of the fourth heat-conducting element 6 is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1, the heat conduction efficiency between the battery cell array 31 and the first liquid cooling plate 1 is improved, and the heat at the top of the battery cell array 31 can be transferred to the first liquid cooling plate 1 for heat exchange in a timely manner.

[0093] In some embodiments, along the height direction of the battery pack 20 (reference) Figure 1 In the Z direction of the battery pack 20, the height of the heat exchanger 4 is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the cell array 31. This setting ensures that the contact area between the heat exchanger 4 and the cell array 31 in the height direction of the battery pack 20 is large enough that the heat exchanger 4 can dissipate the heat in the height direction of the cell array 31 in a timely manner, resulting in high thermal conductivity and further avoiding the occurrence of temperature gradient in the height direction of the battery pack 20.

[0094] In other embodiments, the height of the heat exchanger 4 is equal to the height of the cell array 31. The top of the heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the bottom of the heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate 2. This arrangement ensures that the top of the heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate 1, and the bottom of the heat exchanger 4 is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate 2. In other words, the heat exchanger 4 can transfer heat in the height direction of the corresponding cell array 31 upward to the first liquid cooling plate 1 for heat exchange, and it can also transfer heat in the height direction of the corresponding cell array 31 downward to the second liquid cooling plate 2 for heat exchange. This increases the heat transfer path in the height direction of the cell array 31, allowing the heat exchanger 4 to dissipate heat in the height direction of the cell array 31 more quickly and efficiently, resulting in higher heat dissipation efficiency and further preventing the occurrence of temperature gradients in the height direction of the battery pack 20.

[0095] In some embodiments, at least part of the heat exchanger 4 includes at least two heat exchange sub-elements, the at least two heat exchange sub-elements being along the length direction of the cell array 31 (see reference). Figure 1 (Set the Y-axis in sequence).

[0096] By including multiple heat exchange sub-components in the heat exchange component 4, in specific use, the multiple heat exchange sub-components are arranged sequentially along the length of the cell row 31 to form the corresponding heat exchange component 4. Each heat exchange sub-component covers part of the side of the cell unit in the cell row 31. This arrangement is easier to implement in terms of process, reduces the difficulty of assembly process to a certain extent, and helps to improve the manufacturing efficiency of the battery pack 20.

[0097] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heat exchanger 4 is 3mm-6mm.

[0098] For specific implementation, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the thickness H1 of the first heat exchange section 41 of each heat exchanger 4 is 3mm-6mm. The thickness H2 of the second heat exchange section 42 of each heat exchanger 4 is 3mm-6mm.

[0099] The thickness of the heat exchanger 4 is reasonably designed, which not only ensures good heat transfer efficiency and can effectively dissipate the heat in the height direction of the battery cell assembly 3, but also does not occupy too much volume, which helps to improve the energy density and driving range of the battery pack 20.

[0100] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 4 is a metal heat exchanger 4 with high thermal conductivity.

[0101] By setting the heat exchanger 4 as a metal heat exchanger 4 with high thermal conductivity, the structure is simple and easy to manufacture. It also makes the heat exchanger 4 have high thermal conductivity, which makes it easy to remove the heat in the height direction of the battery cell assembly 3 in a timely manner.

[0102] For example, heat exchanger 4 may be an aluminum heat exchanger.

[0103] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 4 is a heat pipe filled with a gas-liquid phase change medium.

[0104] By setting the heat exchanger 4 as a heat pipe, the heat from the battery cell array 31 is transferred to the heat pipe, and the gas-liquid phase change of the medium inside the heat pipe can transfer the heat to the corresponding liquid cooling plate. The thermal resistance is extremely small and the thermal conductivity is high, which can promptly remove the heat in the height direction of the battery cell assembly 3.

[0105] Specifically, after the first heat exchange section 41 absorbs heat from the side of the corresponding cell array 31, the gas-liquid phase change medium inside it absorbs heat and evaporates, then rises and reaches the second heat exchange section 42, which contacts the first liquid cooling plate 1 at the top. There, the medium condenses and releases heat at the second heat exchange section 42, and then the heat is released to the first liquid cooling plate 1 and flows back into the first heat exchange section 41. This process is repeated to achieve uniform temperature in the height direction of the cell assembly 3.

[0106] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 4 is made of carbon composite materials, such as graphene composite, carbon nanotube composite, etc.

[0107] The heat exchanger 4 is made of carbon composite material, which gives it a certain structural strength and makes it easy to assemble. At the same time, the heat exchanger 4 also provides a certain support for the first liquid cooling plate 1.

[0108] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, in the first direction, heat exchange elements 4 are provided on opposite sides of the two outermost cell rows 31. The battery pack 20 also includes a housing 201, in which the first heat exchange sections 41 of the two outermost heat exchange elements 4 are respectively disposed between the corresponding cell rows 31 and the inner wall of the housing 201 in the first direction.

[0109] By providing heat exchange components 4 on opposite sides of the two outermost cell rows 31 in the first direction, that is, by providing heat exchange components 4 on the outer sides of the two outermost cell rows 31 in the first direction, each cell row 31 is provided with heat exchange components 4 on both sides in the first direction. In other words, each cell row 31 is in heat exchange contact with the corresponding liquid cooling plate through two heat exchange components 4, so that the heat in the height direction of each cell row 31 can be exchanged through two heat exchange components 4, which further improves the heat exchange efficiency in the height direction of the heat exchange component and enhances the heat dissipation of the battery pack 20 in the height direction.

[0110] For specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack 20 also includes a hollow housing 201, in which the battery cell assembly 3 and heat exchanger 4 are disposed. The first liquid cooling plate 1 seals the top of the housing 201, serving as the upper cover of the housing 201. The second liquid cooling plate 2 seals the bottom of the housing 201, serving as the lower cover of the housing 201.

[0111] In some implementations, the first liquid cooling plate 1 and the housing 201 can be connected by bolts, for example, and the second liquid cooling plate 2 and the housing 201 can be connected by bolts, which is convenient for assembly, easy to replace and maintain, and helps to save costs.

[0112] This embodiment provides a battery cluster, referenced... Figure 6 As shown, the battery cluster includes multiple battery packs 20, which are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction. In two adjacent battery packs 20, the second liquid cooling plate 2 of the upper battery pack 20 is the first liquid cooling plate 1 of the lower battery pack 20. That is, in the multiple stacked battery packs 20, the joint of two adjacent battery packs 20 shares the same liquid cooling plate.

[0113] The battery pack in this embodiment has the same specific structure and implementation principle as the battery pack provided in the above embodiments, and can bring the same or similar technical effects. It will not be described in detail here. For details, please refer to the description of the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes a first liquid cooling plate (1), a second liquid cooling plate (2), and a battery cell assembly (3); The first liquid cooling plate (1) and the second liquid cooling plate (2) are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the battery cell assembly (3). The battery cell assembly (3) includes a plurality of battery cell columns (31). The plurality of battery cell columns (31) are arranged sequentially at least along a first direction. The top of the battery cell column (31) is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate (1), and the bottom of the battery cell column (31) is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate (2). In the first direction, a heat exchanger (4) is provided between two adjacent battery cell rows (31), the heat exchanger (4) is in heat exchange contact with the adjacent battery cell rows (31), and is in heat exchange contact with one of the first liquid cooling plate (1) and the second liquid cooling plate (2); When multiple battery packs are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction, in two adjacent battery packs, the second liquid cooling plate (2) of the upper battery pack serves as the first liquid cooling plate (1) of the lower battery pack.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (4) includes an intersecting first heat exchange section (41) and a second heat exchange section (42); The first heat exchange section (41) is disposed between two adjacent battery cell rows (31) and makes heat exchange contact with the side of the adjacent battery cell rows (31); When the heat exchanger (4) comes into heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate (1), the second heat exchange section (42) is connected to the top of the first heat exchange section (41) and is located between the corresponding battery cell row (31) and the first liquid cooling plate (1). The second heat exchange section (42) is in heat exchange contact with the top surface of the corresponding battery cell row (31) and the first liquid cooling plate (1). Alternatively, when the heat exchanger (4) is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate (2), the second heat exchange section (42) is connected to the bottom end of the first heat exchange section (41) and located between the corresponding battery cell array (31) and the second liquid cooling plate (2), and the second heat exchange section (42) is in heat exchange contact with the bottom end face of the corresponding battery cell array (31) and the second liquid cooling plate (2).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (4) includes two second heat exchange sections (42); the two second heat exchange sections (42) are connected to the same side of the first heat exchange section (41) and extend along the first direction in a direction away from each other, and the two second heat exchange sections (42) respectively make heat exchange contact with the two adjacent battery cell rows (31); And / or, the second heat exchange section (42) of all the heat exchange elements (4) is located on the same side of the cell assembly (3), and the second heat exchange section (42) of two adjacent heat exchange elements (4) extends toward each other and is connected, so that the second heat exchange section (42) of all the heat exchange elements (4) is connected.

4. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first heat-conducting element is provided between the first heat exchange section (41) and the side of the adjacent battery cell array (31); And / or, a second heat-conducting element (5) is provided between the second heat exchange section (42) and the corresponding battery cell row (31); And / or, a third heat-conducting element is provided between the second heat exchange section (42) and the corresponding liquid cooling plate; And / or, at least part of the cell array (31) is provided with a fourth heat-conducting element (6) between the side of the cell array (31) facing the second heat exchange section (42) and one of the first liquid cooling plate (1) and the second liquid cooling plate (2).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the battery pack, the height of the heat exchanger (4) is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the cell array (31).

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The height of the heat exchanger (4) is equal to the height of the battery cell array (31). The top of the heat exchanger (4) is in heat exchange contact with the first liquid cooling plate (1), and the bottom of the heat exchanger (4) is in heat exchange contact with the second liquid cooling plate (2).

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, At least part of the heat exchanger (4) includes at least two heat exchange sub-components, and the at least two heat exchange sub-components are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the battery cell array (31); And / or, the thickness of the heat exchanger (4) is 3mm-6mm.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (4) is a metal heat exchanger with high thermal conductivity; Alternatively, the heat exchanger (4) is a heat pipe filled with a gas-liquid phase change medium; Alternatively, the heat exchanger (4) may be made of carbon composite material.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 to 6, characterized in that, In the first direction, the heat exchanger (4) is provided on the opposite side of the two outermost rows of cells (31); The battery pack includes a housing (201), and in the first direction, the first heat exchange sections (41) of the two outermost heat exchange elements (4) are respectively disposed between the corresponding cell row (31) and the inner wall of the housing (201).

10. A battery cluster, characterized in that, The battery pack (20) includes a plurality of battery packs (20) as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plurality of battery packs (20) are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction, and in two adjacent battery packs (20), the second liquid cooling plate (2) of the upper battery pack (20) is the first liquid cooling plate (1) of the lower battery pack (20).

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