Antenna device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna device, which comprises a first radiating unit and a second radiating unit, the first radiating unit is used for resonating a first working frequency band of a GNSS antenna; the second radiating unit is used for resonating a second working frequency band of the GNSS antenna, the second working frequency band is greater than the first working frequency band, the second radiating unit is stacked with the first radiating unit and is located above the first radiating unit; the center position of the second radiating unit and the center position of the first radiating unit cooperate to form a mounting through hole; wherein, the first radiating unit is provided with a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular branch structure, the second radiating unit is provided with a snake-shaped branch part, the snake-shaped branch part is located at the edge of the second radiating unit away from the mounting through hole; the second radiating unit is provided with an arc-shaped gap part, the arc-shaped gap part is located at the edge of the second radiating unit close to the mounting through hole, so as to help reducing the volume of the antenna device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device. Background Technology

[0002] As electronic devices become increasingly feature-rich, integrated communication methods are also becoming more diverse. For example, antenna devices are used to receive satellite signals for global navigation and positioning. However, in related technologies, antenna devices are often bulky, making them difficult to meet user needs. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an antenna device that can solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] This application provides an antenna device, including:

[0005] The first radiating element is used for the first operating frequency band of the resonant GNSS antenna.

[0006] The second radiating element is used for the second operating frequency band of the resonant GNSS antenna. The second operating frequency band is greater than the first operating frequency band. The second radiating element is stacked with the first radiating element and is located above the first radiating element. The center position of the second radiating element and the center position of the first radiating element cooperate to form a mounting through hole.

[0007] The first radiating unit has a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular branch structure, the second radiating unit has a serpentine branch section located at the edge of the second radiating unit away from the mounting through hole, and the second radiating unit has an arc-shaped slit section located at the edge of the second radiating unit close to the mounting through hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first radiating unit includes a first radiating patch, a first dielectric layer and a second radiating patch stacked sequentially, the first radiating patch abutting against the second radiating unit, and the second radiating patch being configured as a reference ground of the first radiating patch;

[0009] The rectangular branch structure includes multiple first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections; the first radiating patch is a circular radiating patch, and multiple first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections are provided on the outer edge of the first radiating patch. The first rectangular branch sections and the second rectangular branch sections have different sizes. The multiple first rectangular branch sections and the multiple second rectangular branch sections are symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer, and the multiple first rectangular branch sections and the multiple second rectangular branch sections are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first radiating patch is provided with a plurality of first feed holes that are symmetrical about the center of the first dielectric layer and are equally spaced apart;

[0011] The short-circuit hole structure includes multiple first short-circuit holes. The first dielectric layer and the second radiating patch are provided with multiple first short-circuit holes. The first short-circuit holes are metallized vias. Each first short-circuit hole is connected to the second radiating patch. Each first rectangular branch is provided with first short-circuit holes on both sides of the circumference of the first radiating patch.

[0012] The first dielectric layer is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes, each of which is a non-metallized via. Each second rectangular branch is provided with a first fixing hole at its center and each second rectangular branch is provided with an arc-shaped portion to avoid the corresponding first fixing hole.

[0013] The short-circuit hole structure also includes multiple second short-circuit holes. The first radiating patch, the first dielectric layer, and the second radiating patch are provided with multiple second short-circuit holes that are symmetrical about the center of the first dielectric layer and are equidistantly distributed. The second short-circuit holes are metallized vias. The first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are electrically connected through the second short-circuit holes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second radiating element includes a third radiating patch, a second dielectric layer and a fourth radiating patch stacked sequentially, the fourth radiating patch abutting against the first radiating patch, and the fourth radiating patch being configured as a reference ground of the third radiating patch;

[0015] The second dielectric layer has a third short-circuit hole at the edge away from the mounting through hole. The third short-circuit hole is a metallized via. The serpentine branch is electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch through the third short-circuit hole.

[0016] The third radiating patch has a rectangular clearance at the edge away from the mounting through hole, and the rectangular clearance is configured to avoid the third short-circuit hole.

[0017] In some embodiments, the third radiating patch is provided with a plurality of second feed holes, which are symmetrical about the center of the second dielectric layer and equally spaced.

[0018] The third radiating patch is also provided with multiple fourth short-circuit holes. The fourth short-circuit holes are metallized vias. The third radiating patch is electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch through the fourth short-circuit holes.

[0019] The third radiating patch has multiple arc-shaped slots, and multiple second power feed holes, multiple fourth short-circuit holes, and multiple arc-shaped slots are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0020] In some embodiments, a plurality of 4G antennas are provided at the edge of the first dielectric layer, and the plurality of 4G antennas are symmetrically distributed about the center of the first dielectric layer at 120 degrees.

[0021] In some embodiments, the 4G antenna includes a first feed section and a first arc-shaped stub, a second arc-shaped stub, a third arc-shaped stub, a first grounding stub, a second grounding stub, and a third rectangular stub, all connected to the first feed section.

[0022] The first power supply section, the first arc-shaped branch section, the second arc-shaped branch section, and the third arc-shaped branch section are all disposed on the same side of the first radiating patch as the first dielectric layer;

[0023] The first, second, and third arc-shaped branches all extend circumferentially along the first radial patch. The extension direction of the first arc-shaped branch is the same as that of the third arc-shaped branch, while the extension direction of the first arc-shaped branch is opposite to that of the second arc-shaped branch.

[0024] The third rectangular branch is located on the periphery of the first medium layer and is connected to the end of the first arc-shaped branch;

[0025] The first grounding branch is located on the periphery of the first dielectric layer and extends along the thickness direction of the first dielectric layer;

[0026] The second grounding branch is located on the periphery of the first dielectric layer and extends in the same direction as the first arc-shaped branch.

[0027] In some embodiments, a WiFi / BT antenna is disposed at the edge of the first dielectric layer, and the WiFi / BT antenna and multiple 4G antennas are symmetrically distributed at 120 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer.

[0028] In some embodiments, the WiFi / BT antenna includes a blade-shaped grounding stub, a second feed section, and a fourth arc-shaped stub and a third grounding stub, both connected to the second feed section;

[0029] The second power supply section and the fourth arc-shaped branch section are both disposed on the same side of the first dielectric layer as the first radiating patch, and the fourth arc-shaped branch section extends along the circumference of the first radiating patch.

[0030] The second grounding branch is located on the periphery of the first dielectric layer;

[0031] The blade-shaped grounding branch is spaced apart from the second power supply branch, the fourth arc-shaped branch, and the third grounding branch. The extension direction of the blade-shaped grounding branch is the same as that of the fourth arc-shaped branch.

[0032] In some embodiments, the antenna device further includes a radio antenna mounted in a mounting through-hole.

[0033] The antenna device provided in this application includes a first radiating element and a second radiating element. The first radiating element is used to resonate a first operating frequency band of the GNSS antenna; the second radiating element is used to resonate a second operating frequency band of the GNSS antenna, the second operating frequency band being greater than the first operating frequency band. The second radiating element is stacked with the first radiating element and located above the first radiating element. The center positions of the second radiating element and the center positions of the first radiating element cooperate to form a mounting through hole. The first radiating element has a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular stub structure, the second radiating element has a serpentine stub portion located at the edge of the second radiating element away from the mounting through hole, and the second radiating element has an arc-shaped slot portion located at the edge of the second radiating element close to the mounting through hole. Compared to antenna devices in related technologies, the antenna device of this application has a first radiating element with a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular stub structure, and a second radiating element with a serpentine stub portion and an arc-shaped slot portion. This helps to extend the current path of the first radiating element and the current path of the second radiating element, so that the radiating plates of the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be made smaller, thereby helping to reduce the volume of the first radiating element and the second radiating element, and further helping to reduce the volume of the antenna device. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the antenna device.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiating unit.

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiating unit from another perspective.

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiating unit.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiating unit from another perspective.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated gain curve of the antenna device in the L2 band according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated gain curve of the antenna device in the L1 band according to an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the WiFi / BT antenna simulation gain curve of the antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0045] 10. Antenna assembly; 100. First radiating element; 110. First radiating patch; 120. First dielectric layer; 130. Second radiating patch; 131. First rectangular branch; 132. Second rectangular branch; 133. First feed hole; 134. First short-circuit hole; 135. First fixing hole; 136. Arc-shaped portion; 137. Second short-circuit hole; 200. Second radiating element; 210. Third radiating patch; 220. Second dielectric layer; 230. Fourth radiating patch; 231. Serpentine branch; 232. Arc-shaped slot; 233. Third short-circuit hole; 234. Rectangular clearance portion; 235. Second feed hole ; 236, Fourth short-circuit hole; 237, Feed pin clearance slot; 238, Mounting slot; 239, Second fixing hole; 300, 4G antenna; 301, First feed section; 302, First arc-shaped stub; 303, Second arc-shaped stub; 304, Third arc-shaped stub; 305, First grounding stub; 306, Second grounding stub; 307, Third rectangular stub; 400, WiFi / BT antenna; 401, Blade-shaped grounding stub; 402, Second feed section; 403, Fourth arc-shaped stub; 404, Third grounding stub; 500, Radio antenna; 600, Reflector; 700, Mounting through hole.

[0046] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Where the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides an antenna device 10, which includes a first radiating element 100 and a second radiating element 200. The first radiating element 100 is used to resonate a first operating frequency band of the GNSS antenna; the second radiating element 200 is used to resonate a second operating frequency band of the GNSS antenna, the second operating frequency band being greater than the first operating frequency band. The second radiating element 200 is stacked with the first radiating element 100 and located above the first radiating element 100. The center position of the second radiating element 200 and the center position of the first radiating element 100 cooperate to form a mounting through hole 700. The first radiating element 100 is provided with a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular branch structure. The second radiating element 200 is provided with a serpentine branch portion 231, which is located on the edge of the second radiating element 200 near the mounting through hole 700. The second radiating element 200 is provided with an arc-shaped slit portion 232, which is located on the edge of the second radiating element 200 near the mounting through hole 700.

[0052] Thus, compared to antenna devices in related technologies, the first radiating element 100 of the antenna device 10 of this application is provided with a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular stub structure, and the second radiating element 200 is provided with a serpentine stub portion 231 and an arc-shaped slit portion 232. This helps to extend the current path of the first radiating element 100 and the current path of the second radiating element 200, so that the radiating plates of the first radiating element 100 and the second radiating element 200 can be made smaller, thereby helping to reduce the volume of the first radiating element 100 and the second radiating element 200, and further helping to reduce the volume of the antenna device 10.

[0053] Furthermore, the pre-drilled mounting hole 700 facilitates the integration of other communication components (such as a radio antenna 500), meeting the multifunctional needs of modern equipment. In addition, the antenna device 10 supports multiple frequency bands (including the first and second operating bands of GNSS), further enhancing its applicability.

[0054] In some implementations, the first operating frequency band may be the L2 band, and the second operating frequency band may be the L1 band.

[0055] Please see Figures 2 to 4 In some embodiments, the first radiating element 100 includes a first radiating patch 110, a first dielectric layer 120, and a second radiating patch 130 stacked sequentially. The first radiating patch 110 abuts against the second radiating element 200, and the second radiating patch 130 is configured as a reference ground for the first radiating patch 110. Thus, the first radiating element 100 includes the first radiating patch 110, the first dielectric layer 120, and the second radiating patch 130 stacked sequentially. Specifically, the first radiating patch 110 directly abuts against the second radiating element 200, while the second radiating patch 130 is configured as a reference ground for the first radiating patch 110. This stacking arrangement not only improves space utilization but also enhances the overall performance of the antenna.

[0056] The rectangular branch structure includes multiple first rectangular branch portions 131 and multiple second rectangular branch portions 132; the first radiating patch 110 is a circular radiating patch, and multiple first rectangular branch portions 131 and multiple second rectangular branch portions 132 are provided on the outer edge of the first radiating patch 110. The first rectangular branch portions 131 and multiple second rectangular branch portions 132 have different sizes. The multiple first rectangular branch portions 131 and multiple second rectangular branch portions 132 are symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer 120, and the multiple first rectangular branch portions 131 and multiple second rectangular branch portions 132 are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0057] By setting rectangular stubs of different sizes on the outer edge of the first radiating patch 110 and arranging these stubs alternately, the current path is effectively extended, thereby reducing the actual physical size of the antenna. This design method enables the antenna to achieve high performance and multi-band operation within a limited space.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first radiating patch 110 is provided with a plurality of first feed holes 133 that are symmetrically arranged and equally spaced about the center of the first dielectric layer 120. These first feed holes 133 are used to effectively feed the first radiating patch 110, ensuring uniform current distribution and thus improving the overall performance of the antenna. Specifically, the first feed holes 133 are arranged at equal intervals of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° to achieve circular polarization performance of the antenna, enabling the antenna to achieve uniform electromagnetic wave transmission and reception in all directions.

[0059] In some embodiments, the short-circuit hole structure includes a plurality of first short-circuit holes 134. The first dielectric layer 120 and the second radiating patch 130 are provided with a plurality of first short-circuit holes 134. These first short-circuit holes 134 are metallized vias, and each first short-circuit hole 134 is connected to the second radiating patch 130. Each first rectangular branch 131 is provided with first short-circuit holes 134 on both sides of the circumference of the first radiating patch 110. This design effectively extends the current path, optimizes the low-frequency band operating performance, and improves the gain and efficiency of the antenna device 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first dielectric layer 120 is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes 135, each of which is a non-metallic via to enhance the robustness of the antenna structure. Each second rectangular stub 132 has a first fixing hole 135 at its center, and each second rectangular stub 132 also has an arc-shaped portion 136 to avoid the corresponding first fixing hole 135. This design not only improves the mechanical strength of the antenna but also extends the current path of the first radiating patch 110, contributing to further miniaturization of the antenna design.

[0061] In some embodiments, the short-circuit hole structure further includes multiple second short-circuit holes 137. The first radiating patch 110, the first dielectric layer 120, and the second radiating patch 130 are provided with multiple second short-circuit holes 137 that are symmetrically distributed about the center of the first dielectric layer 120 and are equidistant from it. These second short-circuit holes 137 are metallized vias, and the first radiating patch 110 and the second radiating patch 130 are electrically connected through these second short-circuit holes 137. Specifically, the second short-circuit holes 137 not only enhance the low-frequency gain of the antenna but also further optimize the overall performance of the antenna by changing the current distribution.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the second radiating unit 200 includes a third radiating patch 210, a second dielectric layer 220, and a fourth radiating patch 230 stacked sequentially. The fourth radiating patch 230 is located below the third radiating patch 210 and serves as its reference ground. The fourth radiating patch 230 is in direct contact with the first radiating patch 110, forming a good electrical connection to ensure the stability of dual-band operation.

[0063] Multiple third short-circuit vias 233 are provided in the edge region of the second dielectric layer 220 away from the mounting via 700. These third short-circuit vias 233 are metallized vias used to realize the electrical connection between the serpentine stub 231 and the fourth radiating patch 230. The serpentine stub 231 is grounded through this structure, thereby extending the high-frequency current path, optimizing the resonant performance of the L1 band, and improving the miniaturization and gain performance of the antenna.

[0064] To avoid structural interference, the third radiating patch 210 has a rectangular clearance portion 234 at the position corresponding to the third short-circuit hole 233. This rectangular clearance portion 234 is a groove structure formed on the edge of the third radiating patch 210, which precisely matches the arrangement position of the third short-circuit hole 233 to ensure the integrity of the current path between the serpentine branch portion 231 and the fourth radiating patch 230, while not affecting the radiation performance of the third radiating patch 210.

[0065] In some embodiments, the third radiating patch 210 is provided with a plurality of second feed holes 235. These second feed holes 235 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the second dielectric layer 220 and are equally spaced to ensure uniform current excitation and achieve good circular polarization performance. Specifically, the plurality of second feed holes 235 are arranged in orientations of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° to form a symmetrical structure, which helps to improve the stability and consistency of high-frequency signals.

[0066] The third radiating patch 210 also has multiple fourth short-circuit holes 236. These short-circuit holes are metallized vias and are electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch 230 through this structure. The fourth short-circuit holes 236 enhance the coupling effect between the third radiating patch 210 and the reference ground, improve the impedance matching characteristics in the high-frequency band, and increase the overall efficiency of the antenna.

[0067] In addition, the third radiating patch 210 is provided with multiple arc-shaped slots 232. These arc-shaped slots 232 are arranged sequentially along the periphery of the third radiating patch 210 and are alternately arranged with multiple second feed holes 235 and multiple fourth short-circuit holes 236. This design effectively adjusts the resonant frequency of the high-frequency band and expands the operating bandwidth by introducing additional current paths, while optimizing the axial ratio performance and further improving the reception quality of the L1 band.

[0068] In some embodiments, a plurality of 4G antennas 300 are provided at the edge of the first dielectric layer 120. These 4G antennas 300 are distributed along the outer periphery of the first dielectric layer 120 and arranged symmetrically at 120 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer 120. This layout ensures the spatial radiation uniformity of the 4G communication antennas and avoids signal interference or performance deviation caused by asymmetrical positions.

[0069] Each 4G antenna 300 adopts a PIFA (Planar Inverted-F Antenna) structure design and has multi-band operation capability. Specifically, each 4G antenna 300 covers low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency communication bands respectively by setting stub structures of different shapes and lengths to meet the signal reception and transmission requirements of 4G networks in different application scenarios.

[0070] The symmetrical distribution structure of the 4G antenna 300 also helps reduce the coupling effect between it and the GNSS radiating element, improving the isolation and stability of the overall system. At the same time, this layout also helps maintain the symmetry and axial ratio performance of the GNSS antenna phase center, avoiding the impact on navigation and positioning accuracy due to unreasonable arrangement of peripheral communication antennas.

[0071] In some embodiments, the 4G antenna 300 adopts a structurally optimized PIFA antenna form, including a first feed section 301 and a first arc-shaped stub 302, a second arc-shaped stub 303, a third arc-shaped stub 304, a first grounding stub 305, a second grounding stub 306, and a third rectangular stub 307 connected to the feed section. These stub components, together with the first feed section 301, constitute a 4G communication antenna element with multi-band response capability.

[0072] The first feed section 301, serving as the energy input port of the 4G antenna 300, is located at the edge region of the first dielectric layer 120 and is connected to the first arc-shaped stub section 302, the second arc-shaped stub section 303, and the third arc-shaped stub section 304. These arc-shaped stub sections are used to excite resonant modes of different frequency bands, achieving effective coverage of multiple 4G frequency bands. The first arc-shaped stub section 302, the second arc-shaped stub section 303, and the third arc-shaped stub section 304 are all located on the same side as the first radiating patch 110 and extend circumferentially along the first radiating patch 110.

[0073] Specifically, the first arc-shaped stub 302 and the third arc-shaped stub 304 extend in the same direction, both bending or extending in the same direction; while the second arc-shaped stub 303 extends in the opposite direction, forming a layout opposite to the first and third arc-shaped stubs 304. This asymmetrical arc-shaped distribution helps to excite multiple independent current paths within a limited space, thereby achieving wideband or multi-frequency matching.

[0074] The third rectangular stub 307 is connected to the end of the first arc-shaped stub 302 and is arranged along the outer periphery of the first dielectric layer 120. The main function of this rectangular stub is to extend the current path length in the low-frequency band, improve the low-frequency resonance efficiency, and at the same time avoid its proximity to the GNSS radiating patch area to reduce the impact on the navigation band performance.

[0075] The first grounding stub 305 is disposed on the periphery of the first dielectric layer 120 and extends vertically along the thickness direction of the first dielectric layer 120 to the ground plane, forming a stable short-circuit connection. This grounding stub provides a reference grounding point for the 4G antenna 300, ensuring good impedance matching between the feed structure and the ground structure.

[0076] The second grounding stub 306 is also disposed on the first dielectric layer 120 and extends in the same direction as the first arc-shaped stub 302. Through its coordinated design with the feed stub and the arc-shaped stub, the grounding stub further improves the impedance matching characteristics of the 4G antenna 300 and enhances the radiation efficiency of high-frequency signals.

[0077] The rational configuration of the aforementioned branches and feeder sections enables the 4G antenna 300 to meet miniaturization requirements while possessing excellent multi-band operation capabilities and radiation efficiency. Furthermore, this structure effectively reduces electromagnetic coupling between the 4G communication module and the GNSS dual-frequency radiating unit, ensuring the stability and accuracy of navigation and positioning functions.

[0078] In some embodiments, a WiFi / BT antenna 400 is also provided at the edge of the first dielectric layer 120. This WiFi / BT antenna 400, along with multiple 4G antennas 300, is distributed in the peripheral region of the first dielectric layer 120 and arranged symmetrically at 120 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer 120. This layout not only improves the spatial radiation uniformity of the communication antennas but also helps maintain the phase center stability and wide-angle axial ratio symmetry of the GNSS main radiating element.

[0079] The WiFi / BT Antenna 400 adopts a PIFA structure design, possessing excellent multi-band compatibility and covering both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz main operating frequency bands, meeting the dual-band requirements of current wireless LAN and Bluetooth communication. This antenna achieves wideband matching and high-efficiency radiation within a limited size by optimizing the spatial configuration of the feed and grounding stubs.

[0080] Furthermore, the WiFi / BT antenna 400 and each of the 4G antennas 300 are symmetrically distributed at a 120-degree angle, resulting in a highly symmetrical physical layout of the entire communication antenna group. This reduces electromagnetic coupling interference between them and improves the overall isolation and stability of the system. At the same time, this distribution method avoids the degradation of GNSS signal reception performance caused by locally concentrated deployment of communication antennas, ensuring that navigation and positioning accuracy is not affected.

[0081] In some embodiments, the WiFi / BT antenna 400 is disposed in the edge region of the first dielectric layer 120 and adopts a structurally optimized PIFA antenna form, including a second feed section 402, a fourth arc-shaped stub section 403, a third grounding stub section 404, and a blade-shaped grounding stub section 401. Through reasonable layout and electrical connection, these components achieve effective coverage of the 2.4GHz and 5GHz dual-band frequencies, meeting the requirements of modern wireless communication devices for high-speed data transmission and multi-protocol compatibility.

[0082] The second feed section 402, serving as the energy input port of the WiFi / BT antenna 400, is located on one side of the first dielectric layer 120 and, together with the fourth arc-shaped stub 403, forms the main radiation path. The fourth arc-shaped stub 403 is connected to the second feed section 402 and extends circumferentially along the first radiating patch 110. It is used to excite the resonant mode in the 2.4GHz band and optimizes the current distribution through its arc-shaped structure, thereby improving radiation efficiency.

[0083] The third grounding stub 404 and the fourth arc-shaped stub 403 are connected together to the second feed section 402 to form a complete feed circuit. The grounding stub is located in the peripheral region of the first dielectric layer 120 and is appropriately spaced from the feed structure to achieve good impedance matching characteristics.

[0084] Specifically, the WiFi / BT antenna 400 also includes a blade-shaped grounding stub 401. This stub maintains a certain distance from the second feed section 402, the fourth arc-shaped stub 403, and the third grounding stub 404, and is arranged along the same extending direction as the fourth arc-shaped stub 403. This "blade-shaped" structure has a narrow and long geometry, which can effectively excite the resonant response of the 5GHz band, thereby achieving efficient coverage of the 5150~5850MHz band. This design not only improves the operating bandwidth of the high-frequency band, but also enhances the transmission capability of high data rate services such as images and videos.

[0085] The coordinated configuration of the aforementioned stubs and feed section enables the WiFi / BT antenna 400 to achieve dual-band operation within a limited space, while avoiding electromagnetic interference with the GNSS main radiating element. The unidirectional extension design of the blade-shaped grounding stub 401 and the fourth arc-shaped stub 403 further optimizes the current path, improving the overall radiation efficiency and directional properties of the antenna. Figure 1 To the point of being responsive.

[0086] In some embodiments, the antenna device 10 further includes a radio antenna 500, wherein the radio antenna 500 is a whip antenna with a helical structure and an operating frequency band of 410MHz~470MHz. The radio antenna 500 is fixed and integrated via a mounting through-hole 700. Specifically, the mounting through-hole 700 is formed by the center positions of the first radiating element 100 and the second radiating element 200, penetrates the entire antenna structure, and extends axially to the underlying support structure, providing space for the embedded installation of the radio antenna 500.

[0087] The radio antenna 500 is housed within the mounting hole 700 and maintains good electromagnetic isolation from the GNSS main radiating unit. As an independent communication module, it enables the transmission and reception of wireless signals in shortwave and ultra-shortwave frequency bands, suitable for applications such as emergency communication, military communication, or professional intercom.

[0088] In terms of structural design, the size and shape of the radio antenna 500 are adapted to the geometric parameters of the mounting through-hole 700 to ensure stable assembly and to avoid affecting the normal operation of surrounding GNSS antennas and other communication modules. At the same time, a certain air gap is maintained between the radio antenna 500 and the surrounding metal structure to reduce mutual coupling effects and improve the multi-frequency compatibility and stability of the overall system.

[0089] Furthermore, the power supply path for the radio antenna 500 is introduced via a coaxial cable or microstrip line structure and connected to the internal radio frequency circuitry of the device, achieving efficient power transmission. This power supply structure is rationally laid out, avoiding interference with the GNSS dual-band radiating patch and the external 4G, WiFi / BT antennas 400, thereby ensuring the coexistence performance between various communication systems.

[0090] In some embodiments, the fourth radiating patch 230 is provided with a feed pin clearance groove 237. The feed pin clearance groove 237 is formed at a corresponding position on the fourth radiating patch 230, and its purpose is to provide assembly space for the feed pin of the first radiating patch 110, so as to avoid affecting the connection of the feed path or causing assembly difficulties due to structural interference.

[0091] Specifically, the first radiating patch 110 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency circuit through a feed hole penetrating the first dielectric layer 120. The feed pin needs to pass through a portion of the first dielectric layer 120 and the second radiating unit 200 and extend to the bottom circuit board interface. During this process, the fourth radiating patch 230 is located on this feed path. If no corresponding avoidance structure is provided, a short circuit or mechanical interference may occur between the feed pin and the fourth radiating patch 230.

[0092] To this end, a feed pin clearance groove 237 is provided in the area of ​​the fourth radiating patch 230 corresponding to the area through which the feed pin passes. This clearance groove adopts a rectangular, circular, or polygonal shape, and its size is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the feed pin, ensuring that the feed pin can pass smoothly through during assembly without contacting the fourth radiating patch 230. Simultaneously, the position of the feed pin clearance groove 237 is precisely calculated so that it does not affect the integrity and electromagnetic performance of the fourth radiating patch 230 as a reference ground.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second dielectric layer 220 is provided with a plurality of mounting slots 238. Each mounting slot 238 corresponds to a first fixing hole 135 on the first dielectric layer 120 and forms a positioning and mating structure therewith. The mounting slot 238 is opened at a corresponding position in the second dielectric layer 220, and its bottom is further provided with a second fixing hole 239. The second fixing hole 239 is a non-metallic through hole, used to achieve mechanical alignment and assembly fixation with the first fixing hole 135.

[0094] Specifically, the first fixing hole 135 is located on the first dielectric layer 120, at key positions such as the center of the second rectangular branch 132, mainly used to enhance structural strength and assist in positioning; the second fixing hole 239 is located at the bottom of the mounting groove 238 of the second dielectric layer 220, and its position corresponds one-to-one with the first fixing hole 135. During assembly, a stable connection between the first dielectric layer 120 and the second dielectric layer 220 is achieved by sequentially passing fasteners or positioning pins through the first fixing hole 135 and the second fixing hole 239.

[0095] The design of the mounting slot 238 not only provides clearance for the first mounting hole 135, but also ensures precise alignment between the first dielectric layer 120 and the second dielectric layer 220. Simultaneously, the use of a non-metallic second mounting hole 239 avoids introducing unnecessary electrical connections, preventing interference with the high-frequency signal path and thus ensuring that the electromagnetic performance of the antenna device 10 remains unaffected.

[0096] Furthermore, this positioning and mating structure improves the operability and consistency of the multilayer dielectric components during manufacturing and assembly, contributing to increased product yield and assembly efficiency. By rationally arranging multiple mounting slots 238 and fixing hole groups, the overall antenna structure's stability and mechanical reliability are enhanced, making it suitable for applications requiring high structural precision in highly integrated, miniaturized communication equipment.

[0097] In some embodiments, the antenna device 10 further includes a reflector 600. The reflector 600 is stacked with the second radiating patch 130 and is located on the side of the second radiating patch 130 opposite to the first dielectric layer 120, that is, at the bottom of the second radiating patch 130, for reflecting and directional guiding radiated signals.

[0098] The reflector 600 is made of a conductive material, such as a metal sheet or a composite structure with a metal coating, and its size is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​the second radiating patch 130 to ensure effective reflection of electromagnetic waves from the radiating patch, thereby enhancing the forward gain of the antenna and improving the pattern symmetry. By introducing the reflector 600, the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be significantly improved, while reducing the interference of back radiation on other circuit modules inside the device.

[0099] The reflector 600 can be attached to the second radiating patch 130. In some embodiments, the reflector 600 may also be provided with a plurality of positioning holes or mounting slots 238 for mechanical fixation to the antenna body structure and for providing clearance space for feed lines, grounding structures or other communication components.

[0100] Based on the above embodiments, the antenna device 10 of this application has dimensions of 100mm * 16mm, a height of 10mm for the first dielectric layer 120, and a height of 6mm for the second dielectric layer 220. The antenna device 10 operates in the L2 band of 1165~1300MHz and the L1 band of 1525~1620MHz, covering the operating frequency bands of the four major navigation systems: BeiDou, GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo. The simulation performance of the antenna device 10 is as follows: see [link to simulation]. Figure 7 As shown, the passive gain at 1.165 GHz is 2.76 dBi, at 1.227 GHz it is 6 dBi, and at 1.30 GHz it is 3.41 dBi. (See...) Figure 8 As shown, the passive gain at 1.525 GHz is 4.12 dBi, at 1.575 GHz it is 6.22 dBi, and at 1.62 GHz it is 4.79 dBi. (See...) Figure 9As shown, the passive gain performance obtained from the WiFi / BT communication antenna simulation is as follows: the passive gain reaches more than 1.59 dBi in the 2.4~2.5 GHz band, with a maximum gain of 2.14 dBi; and the passive gain reaches more than 3.1 dBi in the 5.15~5.85 GHz band, with a maximum gain of 5.24 dBi.

[0101] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0102] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: The first radiating element is used for the first operating frequency band of the resonant GNSS antenna. as well as The second radiating element is used to resonate the second operating frequency band of the GNSS antenna. The second operating frequency band is greater than the first operating frequency band. The second radiating element is stacked with the first radiating element and is located above the first radiating element. The center position of the second radiating element and the center position of the first radiating element cooperate to form a mounting through hole. The first radiating unit has a short-circuit hole structure and a rectangular branch structure; the second radiating unit has a serpentine branch section located at the edge of the second radiating unit away from the mounting through hole; the second radiating unit has an arc-shaped slit section located at the edge of the second radiating unit close to the mounting through hole.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating unit includes a first radiating patch, a first dielectric layer and a second radiating patch stacked in sequence. The first radiating patch abuts against the second radiating unit, and the second radiating patch is configured as a reference ground of the first radiating patch. The rectangular branch structure includes multiple first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections; the first radiating patch is a circular radiating patch, and the outer edge of the first radiating patch is provided with multiple first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections. The first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections have different sizes. The multiple first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections are symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer, and the multiple first rectangular branch sections and multiple second rectangular branch sections are arranged alternately in sequence.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiating patch is provided with a plurality of first power feeding holes that are symmetrical about the center of the first dielectric layer and are equally spaced; The short-circuit hole structure includes a plurality of first short-circuit holes. The first dielectric layer and the second radiating patch are provided with a plurality of first short-circuit holes. The first short-circuit holes are metallized vias. Each first short-circuit hole is connected to the second radiating patch. Each first rectangular branch is provided with first short-circuit holes on both sides along the circumference of the first radiating patch. The first dielectric layer is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes, each of which is a non-metallized via. Each of the second rectangular branches is provided with a first fixing hole at its center, and each of the second rectangular branches is provided with an arc-shaped portion to avoid the corresponding first fixing hole. The short-circuit hole structure also includes a plurality of second short-circuit holes. The first radiating patch, the first dielectric layer and the second radiating patch are provided with a plurality of second short-circuit holes that are symmetrical about the center of the first dielectric layer and are equally spaced. The second short-circuit holes are metallized vias. The first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are electrically connected through the second short-circuit holes.

4. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second radiating unit includes a third radiating patch, a second dielectric layer and a fourth radiating patch stacked sequentially, wherein the fourth radiating patch abuts against the first radiating patch and is configured as a reference ground of the third radiating patch; The second dielectric layer has a third short-circuit hole at the edge away from the mounting through hole. The third short-circuit hole is a metallized via. The serpentine branch is electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch through the third short-circuit hole. The third radiating patch has a rectangular clearance portion at its edge away from the mounting through hole, and the rectangular clearance portion is configured to avoid the third short-circuit hole.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third radiating patch is provided with a plurality of second feeding holes, which are symmetrical about the center of the second dielectric layer and equally spaced. The third radiating patch is also provided with a plurality of fourth short-circuit holes, the fourth short-circuit holes being metallized vias, and the third radiating patch being electrically connected to the fourth radiating patch through the fourth short-circuit holes; The third radiating patch is provided with multiple arc-shaped slits, and multiple second power feeding holes, multiple fourth short-circuit holes and multiple arc-shaped slits are arranged alternately in sequence.

6. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple 4G antennas are provided at the edge of the first dielectric layer, and the multiple 4G antennas are symmetrically distributed about the center of the first dielectric layer at 120 degrees.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The 4G antenna includes a first feed section and a first arc-shaped stub, a second arc-shaped stub, a third arc-shaped stub, a first grounding stub, a second grounding stub, and a third rectangular stub, all connected to the first feed section. The first power supply section, the first arc-shaped branch section, the second arc-shaped branch section, and the third arc-shaped branch section are all disposed on the same side of the first dielectric layer as the first radiating patch; The first arc-shaped branch, the second arc-shaped branch, and the third arc-shaped branch all extend along the circumference of the first radial patch. The extension direction of the first arc-shaped branch is the same as that of the third arc-shaped branch, and the extension direction of the first arc-shaped branch is opposite to that of the second arc-shaped branch. The third rectangular branch is located on the periphery of the first medium layer and connected to the end of the first arc-shaped branch; The first grounding branch is located on the periphery of the first dielectric layer and extends along the thickness direction of the first dielectric layer; The second grounding branch is located on the periphery of the first dielectric layer and extends in the same direction as the first arc-shaped branch.

8. The antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A WiFi / BT antenna is disposed at the edge of the first dielectric layer, and the WiFi / BT antenna and the plurality of 4G antennas are symmetrically distributed at 120 degrees about the center of the first dielectric layer.

9. The antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The WiFi / BT antenna includes a blade-shaped grounding stub, a second feed section, and a fourth arc-shaped stub and a third grounding stub, all connected to the second feed section. The second power supply section and the fourth arc-shaped branch section are both disposed on the same side of the first dielectric layer as the first radiating patch, and the fourth arc-shaped branch section extends along the circumference of the first radiating patch. The second grounding branch is located on the periphery of the first dielectric layer; The blade-shaped grounding branch is spaced apart from the second power supply branch, the fourth arc-shaped branch, and the third grounding branch, and the extension direction of the blade-shaped grounding branch is the same as the extension direction of the fourth arc-shaped branch.

10. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The antenna device also includes a radio antenna, which is mounted in the mounting through hole.

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