Mechanical de-icing device for a catenary

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the railway contact net deicing technical field, concretely relates to a mechanical deicing device for railway contact net, including ice crushing device, and ice crushing device includes ice crushing stick, and the ice crushing stick is installed on the reversing device, and the reversing device includes main shaft, gear set, positive rotation knock seat and reverse rotation knock seat, and the gear set includes sun gear, planet carrier, positive rotation planetary gear and reverse rotation planetary gear, and the sun gear drives reverse rotation planetary gear, and the reverse rotation planetary gear drives positive rotation planetary gear, and the positive rotation knock seat is equipped with main shaft mounting hole for installing main shaft on, and the positive rotation knock seat inside is equipped with positive rotation gear ring, and the positive rotation knock seat and reverse rotation knock seat inside are equipped with positive rotation gear ring and reverse rotation gear ring respectively, and the positive rotation gear ring is engaged with positive rotation planetary gear, and the reverse rotation gear ring is engaged with reverse rotation planetary gear, and the positive rotation knock seat and reverse rotation knock seat are all fixed with ice crushing stick. The technical problem that the railway contact net deicing efficiency is low, the cost is high and is easily affected by the environment in the prior art is solved.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of railway catenary de-icing technology, specifically relating to a mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary. [Background Technology]

[0002] The railway overhead contact system is a key electrical equipment in my country's railway system and is widely used. It mainly consists of contact suspension devices, support devices, positioning devices, pillars, and ground foundations. The contact suspension devices include contact wires, droppers, and catenary wires.

[0003] Railway overhead contact lines are large, open-air facilities. In the event of sudden drops in temperature, rain, or snow, their surfaces are easily covered with ice and snow, jeopardizing train safety. Firstly, ice and snow on the contact lines can cause unstable power transmission from the pantograph, leading to power outages or voltage fluctuations, resulting in train delays or even cancellations, severely disrupting railway operations. Secondly, when the pantograph slides on the ice-covered contact lines, it is prone to jamming, which can damage the pantograph and threaten railway operational safety. Furthermore, the accumulation of ice and snow significantly increases the load and wear on the equipment, affecting the lifespan of the contact lines and pantographs, and leading to increased maintenance costs.

[0004] In conclusion, ice and snow buildup on the overhead contact system severely hinders the smooth operation of high-speed railways. It not only significantly increases the maintenance workload of railway departments but also threatens passenger safety and increases operating costs. Therefore, timely removal of ice and snow is crucial for ensuring the normal operation of the overhead contact system, maintaining stable power supply, and guaranteeing safe train operation.

[0005] Currently, de-icing of railway overhead contact lines is mostly carried out manually. During de-icing, workers use railcars or other transport vehicles to knock ice off the ice from the railway line. Manual de-icing is inefficient, failing to quickly remove large areas of ice and snow. Secondly, it requires significant labor costs, demanding substantial human resources and expenses. Furthermore, the effectiveness of manual de-icing is heavily influenced by the worker's experience and physical condition, and is easily affected and limited by weather conditions and the working environment, making it difficult to guarantee effective ice and snow removal. [Utility Model Content]

[0006] This utility model provides a mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, high cost and susceptibility to environmental impact in the existing railway catenary de-icing technology.

[0007] The technical solution of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A mechanical de-icing device for railway overhead contact lines includes an ice-crushing device, which includes ice-crushing rods mounted on a reversing device. The reversing device includes a main shaft, a gear set, a forward-rotating striking seat, and a reverse-rotating striking seat. The gear set includes a sun gear, a planet carrier, forward-rotating planetary gears, and reverse-rotating planetary gears. The sun gear drives the reverse-rotating planetary gears, and the reverse-rotating planetary gears drive the forward-rotating planetary gears. The forward-rotating striking seat has a main shaft mounting hole for mounting the main shaft. A forward-rotating gear ring is provided inside the forward-rotating striking seat. The forward-rotating striking seat and the reverse-rotating striking seat each have a forward-rotating gear ring and a reverse-rotating gear ring inside, respectively. The forward-rotating gear ring meshes with the forward-rotating planetary gears, and the reverse-rotating gear ring meshes with the reverse-rotating planetary gears. Ice-crushing rods are fixed on both the forward-rotating and reverse-rotating striking seats.

[0009] Furthermore, the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are respectively provided with a first mounting cavity and a second mounting cavity, and the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are fastened together, with the gear set installed in the fastened first and second mounting cavities.

[0010] Furthermore, the ice crusher includes a striking part, a lifting clamp, a limiting cable, a buffer spring, and a through-hole screw. The striking part is cylindrical, with a circular groove at the center of the front end face of the striking part. A through-hole screw mounting hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the groove, through which the through-hole screw is inserted. A fixing nut is provided at the front end of the through-hole screw, and a washer is installed between the fixing nut and the bottom of the circular groove. A limiting cable is installed at the rear end of the through-hole screw, and the rear end of the limiting cable is fixedly connected to the lifting clamp.

[0011] Furthermore, a screw hook is fixedly connected to the rear end of the through screw, and a lifting clamp hook is fixedly connected to the front end of the lifting clamp. Hanging rings are provided at both ends of the limiting cable. The screw hook and the lifting clamp hook are hung on the hanging rings at the front and rear ends of the limiting cable respectively. The lifting clamp is a cylindrical structure, and a buffer spring is sleeved on the lifting clamp. The other end of the buffer spring is sleeved on the striking part. The rear end of the buffer spring is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the lifting clamp. A buffer spring mounting groove is provided at the rear end of the striking part, and the front end of the buffer spring is sleeved in the buffer spring mounting groove at the rear end of the striking part.

[0012] Furthermore, both the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are cylindrical structures. The main shaft, the clockwise striking seat, and the counterclockwise striking seat are coaxially arranged. A sealing ring is provided at the engagement position of the first and second mounting cavities. The clockwise striking seat has a main shaft mounting hole that connects to the first mounting cavity. The main shaft mounting hole is used for the passage of the main shaft, and a bearing is provided inside the main shaft mounting hole. The main shaft is installed in the bearing, and one end of the main shaft protruding from the outside of the clockwise striking seat is used to connect to the main shaft drive motor. The main shaft is connected to the main shaft drive motor on the outside of the main shaft mounting hole. The main shaft is coaxially equipped with a flange cover. The outer side of the counter-rotating striking seat has a protrusion. The inner side of the counter-rotating striking seat has a main shaft mounting groove at the center of the bottom of the second mounting cavity. The end of the main shaft near the counter-rotating striking seat is installed in the main shaft mounting groove. The main shaft mounting groove is equipped with a bearing. The end of the main shaft near the counter-rotating striking seat is installed in the main shaft mounting groove through the bearing. The outer surfaces of the clockwise and counter-rotating striking seats are respectively provided with clockwise mounting parts and counter-clockwise mounting parts. Ice pops are fixed on both the clockwise and counter-clockwise mounting parts.

[0013] Furthermore, both the positive-spin planetary gears and the positive-spin planetary gears are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier via a short shaft. A pin is provided between the short shaft and the planet carrier, and a needle roller bearing is provided between the pin and the planet carrier. A retaining ring for the shaft is provided on the outside of the needle roller bearing. The positive-spin planetary gears include a first positive-spin planetary gear, a second positive-spin planetary gear, and a third positive-spin planetary gear, which are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The negative-spin planetary gears include a first negative-spin planetary gear, a second negative-spin planetary gear, and a third negative-spin planetary gear. The negative-spin planetary gears are mounted on the side of the planet carrier near the negative-spin striking seat, and are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The first negative-spin planetary gear, the second negative-spin planetary gear, and the third negative-spin planetary gear respectively drive the first positive-spin planetary gear, the second positive-spin planetary gear, and the third positive-spin planetary gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the mechanical de-icing device also includes a cleaning device, which is installed behind the ice crushing device. The cleaning device includes a cleaning brush, which includes a brush head and a cleaning brush fixing part. The brush head is installed on the cleaning brush fixing part. In this embodiment, the cleaning brush fixing part is generally frustum-shaped. The brush head is fixed on the bottom surface of the large end of the cleaning brush fixing part. The brush head is composed of several bristle lengths, and the bristles are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the large end of the cleaning brush fixing part. A cleaning brush drive shaft is installed on the bottom surface of the small end of the cleaning brush fixing part. The cleaning brush drive shaft is connected to a cleaning brush motor, which drives the cleaning brush to rotate. The cleaning brush is rotatably installed on a transition rod, which is installed on a cleaning brush support column. The top of the cleaning brush support column is provided with an arch-shaped connecting plate, on which an angle shaft is installed. An angle shaft sleeve is provided on the transition rod, and the angle shaft is rotatably installed in the angle shaft sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, there are four support frames, each with an ice-crushing device; the base of the cleaning device is a rectangular plate structure, with two columns arranged on it. The two columns are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the cleaning device, one column is located at one corner of the base, and the other column is located in the middle of the side of the cleaning device. A sensor assembly is fixedly installed on the base, and the sensor assembly is located on the side perpendicular to the side with the column in the middle.

[0016] Furthermore, both the ice crushing device and the cleaning device are equipped with displacement adjustment devices at their bottoms, which are mounted on the lifting device.

[0017] Furthermore, the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary also includes an electrical control system. The electrical control system includes a control unit. Image recognition and laser sensors transmit signals of the detected icing status of the catenary line to the control unit. When icing is detected on the catenary line, the control unit controls the displacement adjustment device and lifting device based on the position signal of the catenary line detected by the displacement sensor. It controls the hydraulic cylinder and servo motor to start, so that the ice crushing rod reaches the appropriate ice crushing position and the cleaning brush reaches the appropriate cleaning position. Then, according to the ice thickness, the reversing device is opened. By controlling the speed of the main shaft drive motor, the striking speed and frequency of the ice crushing rod are controlled to de-ice the catenary at the corresponding position. After the ice crushing rod strikes the catenary line, the cleaning brush motor is activated to sweep away the remaining ice and ice debris on the catenary line.

[0018] The beneficial effects are:

[0019] 1. This mechanical de-icing device, by incorporating an ice-crushing mechanism, utilizes a unique gear set structure (including a sun gear, planetary carrier, forward-rotating planetary gears, and reverse-rotating planetary gears) in conjunction with forward-rotating and reverse-rotating striking seats. This enables the ice-crushing rod to strike in multiple directions, effectively improving the ability to break ice layers of different locations and shapes on the railway contact network. Compared to de-icing devices that strike in only one direction, this device can more comprehensively remove ice layers from the contact network, improving de-icing efficiency and effectiveness.

[0020] 2. The ice crusher has a reasonable structural design. The striking part is cylindrical with a through-bolt fixed at the central axis. It is equipped with a fixing nut and washer at the front end and a clamping cable at the rear end. This structure makes the various parts of the ice crusher firmly connected during the striking process, and it is not easy to loosen or be damaged. This ensures the continuous and stable operation of ice crushing, improves the durability and reliability of the ice crusher, and reduces the interruption of ice removal due to component failure.

[0021] 3. The rear end of the through-bolt is connected to the hanging clamp via a specific hook and hanging ring, and a buffer spring is installed. When the ice crusher hits the contact wire, the buffer spring can effectively absorb and mitigate the impact force, reduce the impact damage to the ice crusher and the entire device, and extend the service life of the device. At the same time, the buffer spring also helps the ice crusher to quickly return to its original position after being hit, ready for the next hitting action, improving the continuity and efficiency of de-icing.

[0022] 4. The clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats adopt a cylindrical structure and are coaxially arranged. The open cavities are interlocked and equipped with sealing rings to ensure a sealed environment for internal components such as gear sets, preventing dust and debris from entering and affecting the operation of the device. Needle roller bearings are installed in the main shaft mounting holes and slots to reduce frictional resistance during main shaft rotation, allowing the main shaft drive motor to drive the main shaft more efficiently. This, in turn, drives the ice crusher to strike the ice more flexibly, reducing energy consumption and improving the power transmission efficiency and operational stability of the device. The ice crusher is fixed on the clockwise and counterclockwise mounting parts, ensuring a reasonable distribution of the ice crusher and enabling de-icing operations on the contact wire from multiple positions.

[0023] 5. The forward and reverse planetary gears are arranged in an equilateral triangle and mounted on the planetary carrier via a short shaft. Pins, needle roller bearings, and retaining rings are provided. This layout and mounting method ensures that the planetary gears experience uniform and stable force during rotation, precisely driving the forward and reverse striking seats according to the designed motion trajectory. This allows the ice crusher to achieve regular and effective striking action, further improving the uniformity and effectiveness of ice removal. Simultaneously, the bearings and retaining rings reduce wear and displacement deviations between components, ensuring long-term stable operation of the device.

[0024] 6. The cleaning device can promptly remove residual ice and shards from the contact network after ice removal. The cleaning brush head consists of several bristles evenly distributed across the bottom surface of the large end of the cleaning brush fixing part, effectively removing ice fragments of various shapes and locations. The overall shape of the cleaning brush fixing part is frustum-shaped, facilitating the installation of the brush head and drive shaft. The cleaning brush is driven to rotate by a cleaning brush motor and is mounted on the cleaning brush support column with the aid of transition rods and angle shafts. The position and angle of the cleaning brush can be flexibly adjusted to better conform to the contact network line, improving the thoroughness and comprehensiveness of the cleaning. This ensures that the contact network can quickly return to normal operation after de-icing, reducing the impact of residual ice fragments on the conductivity and operational safety of the contact network.

[0025] 7. Four support frames, each equipped with an ice-crushing device, allow for simultaneous de-icing of multiple parts of the overhead contact line, significantly increasing the de-icing range and efficiency. The specific structure and column arrangement of the sweeping device's base provide stable support, ensuring it won't shift or shake due to vibration or other factors during de-icing. The sensor assembly can detect the icing status and location of the overhead contact line in real time and transmit signals to the control unit. This allows the control unit to precisely control the entire de-icing device, achieving automated and intelligent de-icing, improving the accuracy and reliability of de-icing operations, reducing manual intervention, and lowering labor intensity and the risk of human error. [Attached Image Description]

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mechanical de-icing device in Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an external schematic diagram of the commutation device of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gear set structure of the reversing device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the commutation device in Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning device structure of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a front view of the cleaning device of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a side view of the cleaning device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a top view of the cleaning device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the ice crusher according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ice pop provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the displacement adjustment device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the displacement adjustment device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a side view of the displacement adjustment device of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor assembly of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a side view of the lifting device of Embodiment 1 provided by this utility model;

[0042] 1. Ice crushing device; 11. Reversing device; 111. Main shaft; 112. Gear set; 1121. Sun gear; 1122. Planet carrier; 1123. Spurious planetary gears; 1124. Counter-spinning planetary gears; 1125. Pin; 113. Spurious striking seat; 1131. Spurious mounting part; 114. Counter-spinning striking seat; 1141. Counter-spinning mounting part; 115. Sealing ring; 116. Flange cover; 12. Ice crushing rod; 121. Striking part; 122. Hanging clamp; 123. Limiting cable; 124. Buffer spring; 125. Through-core screw;

[0043] 2. Displacement adjustment device; 21. Displacement adjustment base; 22. Linear guide rail; 23. Slider; 24. Slide plate; 25. Slide plate protective cover; 261. Flexible seat; 262. Lead screw; 271. Reducer; 272. Reducer base; 28. Plum blossom coupling; 29. ​​Servo motor;

[0044] 3. Sensor assembly; 31. Image recognition and laser sensor; 32. Displacement sensor; 33. Sensor bracket;

[0045] 4. Lifting device; 41. Lifting top plate; 411. Top plate slide rail; 42. Lifting bottom plate; 421. Bottom plate slide rail; 43. Scissor lift mechanism; 431. Support arm; 432. Rotary shaft; 433. Horizontal shaft; 44. Hydraulic cylinder; 45. Lower support rod; 451. Shaft pin; 46. Protective cover;

[0046] 5. Sweeping device; 51. Cleaning brush; 52. Brush head; 53. Cleaning brush fixing part; 54. Transition rod; 55. Cleaning brush motor; 56. Angle shaft; 57. Sweeping device base; 58. Cleaning brush support column.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Specific embodiment 1 of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model:

[0049] The mechanical de-icing device for railway overhead contact lines provided in this embodiment includes an ice-crushing device, a cleaning device, a displacement adjustment device, a sensor assembly, and an electrical control system. The mechanical de-icing device for railway overhead contact lines is installed on the top of a maintenance locomotive or the top of a moving train, with the vehicle traveling in the forward direction. The ice-crushing device is positioned before the cleaning device.

[0050] The ice-crushing device includes a reversing device and an ice-crushing rod, which is mounted on the reversing device. The ice-crushing rod includes a striking part, a clamping clamp, a limiting cable, a buffer spring, and a through-hole screw. In this embodiment, the striking part is cylindrical, with a through-hole screw fixed at its central axis. A circular groove is provided at the center of the front end face of the striking part, and a through-hole screw mounting hole is provided at the center of the groove bottom for inserting the through-hole screw. A fixing nut is provided at the front end of the through-hole screw, and a washer is installed between the fixing nut and the bottom of the circular groove. A limiting cable is installed at the rear end of the through-hole screw, and a clamping clamp is fixedly connected to the rear end of the limiting cable. In this embodiment, a screw hook is fixedly connected to the rear end of the through-hole screw, and a clamping clamp hook is fixed to the front end of the clamping clamp. Hanging rings are provided at both ends of the limiting cable, and the screw hook and clamping clamp hook are correspondingly hung on the hanging rings at the front and rear ends of the limiting cable. The suspension clamp is a cylindrical structure with a buffer spring fitted on it. The other end of the buffer spring is fitted on the striking part. Specifically, the rear end of the buffer spring is fixedly fitted on the front end of the suspension clamp, and the rear end of the striking part has a buffer spring mounting groove. The front end of the buffer spring is fitted into the buffer spring mounting groove at the rear end of the striking part.

[0051] The reversing device includes a main shaft, a gear set, a clockwise striking seat, and a counterclockwise striking seat. Both the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are cylindrical structures, and the main shaft, the clockwise striking seat, and the counterclockwise striking seat are coaxially arranged. Both the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats have open cavities, including a first mounting cavity and a second mounting cavity, respectively. The open cavities on the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are fitted together, with a sealing ring at the fitting position. The clockwise striking seat has a spindle mounting hole that connects to the first mounting cavity and allows the spindle to pass through. A bearing is housed within the spindle mounting hole, and the spindle is mounted within the bearing. One end of the spindle protruding from the outside of the clockwise striking seat is used to connect to the spindle drive motor. A flange cover is coaxially mounted on the outside of the spindle mounting hole and on the outside of the spindle. The counterclockwise striking seat has a protrusion on its outside. A spindle mounting groove is located at the center of the bottom of the second mounting cavity on the inside of the counterclockwise striking seat. The end of the spindle closest to the counterclockwise striking seat is mounted in the spindle mounting groove, which contains a bearing. In this embodiment, the bearings in both the spindle mounting hole and the spindle mounting groove are needle roller bearings, and two needle roller bearings are provided in the spindle mounting hole. The outer surfaces of the clockwise and counterclockwise striking bases are respectively provided with clockwise and counterclockwise mounting portions, and ice pops are fixed on both the clockwise and counterclockwise mounting portions. In this embodiment, an ice pop mounting groove is provided on the rear side of the clamping hoop. The ice pop mounting groove is used to snap onto the clockwise or counterclockwise mounting portion and is fixed by bolts.

[0052] The gear set is installed in the first and second mounting cavities, which are interlocked. The gear set includes a sun gear, a planet carrier, forward-rotating planet gears, and counter-rotating planet gears. The sun gear drives the counter-rotating planet gears, and the counter-rotating planet gears drive the forward-rotating planet gears. Both the forward-rotating and counter-rotating planet gears are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier via a short shaft. A pin is provided between the short shaft and the planet carrier, and a needle roller bearing is provided between the pin and the planet carrier. A retaining ring is provided on the outer side of the needle roller bearing. The forward-rotating planet gears include a first forward-rotating planet gear, a second forward-rotating planet gear, and a third forward-rotating planet gear. The planetary gears are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The counter-rotating planetary gears include a first counter-rotating planetary gear, a second counter-rotating planetary gear, and a third counter-rotating planetary gear. The counter-rotating planetary gears are mounted on the side of the planet carrier near the counter-rotating striking seat. The first, second, and third counter-rotating planetary gears are arranged in an equilateral triangle and drive the first, second, and third forward-rotating planetary gears, respectively. The inner sides of the forward-rotating and counter-rotating striking seats are respectively provided with a forward-rotating gear ring and an inner-rotating gear ring. The forward-rotating gear ring meshes with the forward-rotating planetary gears, and the counter-rotating gear ring meshes with the counter-rotating planetary gears. In this embodiment, a needle roller bearing is provided between the pin and the planet carrier, and a shaft retaining ring is provided on the outer side of the needle roller bearing. In this embodiment, the counter-rotating planetary gears are located on the side near the counter-rotating striking seat, and the forward-rotating planetary gears are located on the side near the forward-rotating striking seat.

[0053] The reversing device is installed on the top of the support frame. In this embodiment, the support frame includes a support column, which includes a lower part and an upper part. The lower part of the column is vertically fixed on the displacement adjustment device. The upper part of the column is set at a certain angle to the lower part. The support column includes a first support column and a second support column. The top of the first support column and the second support column are connected to the mounting beam. The top of the lower part of the first support column and the second support column are connected to the support beam. The top of the upper part of the first support column and the second support column are set close to each other at an inclined angle.

[0054] The cleaning device is installed behind the ice crushing device. The cleaning device includes a cleaning brush, which comprises a brush head and a cleaning brush fixing part. The brush head is mounted on the cleaning brush fixing part. In this embodiment, the cleaning brush fixing part is generally frustum-shaped. The brush head is fixed to the large end bottom surface of the cleaning brush fixing part. The brush head consists of several bristles of varying lengths, evenly distributed across the large end bottom surface of the cleaning brush fixing part. A cleaning brush drive shaft is installed on the small end bottom surface of the cleaning brush fixing part. The cleaning brush drive shaft is connected to a cleaning brush motor, which drives the cleaning brush to rotate, allowing the brush head to clean the ice residue remaining on the network cable after being struck by the ice crushing device. The cleaning brush is rotatably mounted on a transition rod. Specifically, a cleaning brush bushing is provided at the top of the transition rod, and the cleaning brush drive shaft is rotatably mounted inside the cleaning brush bushing. The transition rod is mounted on the cleaning brush support column. The top of the cleaning brush support column has an arch-shaped connecting plate with an angle shaft mounted on it. The transition rod has an angle shaft sleeve, and the angle shaft is rotatably mounted within the sleeve. Through the angle shaft and sleeve, the angle of the cleaning brush on the transition rod can be adjusted to align the cleaning brush with the contact wire line requiring de-icing. The cleaning brush support column is bolted to the cleaning device base. The cleaning device base is also mounted on top of the displacement adjustment device, which in turn is mounted on top of the lifting device.

[0055] The displacement adjustment device includes a displacement adjustment base, a linear guide rail mounted on the displacement adjustment base, a slider slidably mounted on the linear guide rail, a slide plate fixed to the top of the slider, slide plate protective covers mounted at both ends of the slide plate, a flexible seat mounted on one end of the slide plate, the flexible seat mounted on a lead screw, the lead screw connected to the power output end of a reducer, the reducer mounted on a reducer base, and the power input end of the reducer connected to a servo motor. In this embodiment, the reducer is connected to the lead screw via a plum blossom coupling.

[0056] The displacement adjustment base is installed on top of the lifting device. In this embodiment, the lifting device is a scissor lift device, which includes a lifting top plate and a lifting bottom plate. The bottom of the lifting top plate is provided with a top plate slide rail, and the top of the lifting bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate slide rail. The top plate slide rail and the bottom plate slide rail are arranged opposite to each other and are correspondingly located on the same side of the top and bottom plates. A scissor lift mechanism is provided between the lifting top plate and the lifting bottom plate. The scissor lift mechanism includes at least one pair of support arms. The middle of two support arms in a pair are connected by a pivot, and the ends of two adjacent pairs of support arms are correspondingly connected by a pivot. The two uppermost support arms are connected on one side. The top of the support arm is slidably mounted on the top plate slide rail, and the other support arm is rotatably mounted on the top plate slide rail. The two lowest support arms have one side slidably mounted on the bottom plate slide rail, and the other side rotatably mounted on the bottom plate slide rail. In this embodiment, there are two sets of scissor lift mechanisms, each set including four pairs of support arms. The two sets of scissor lift mechanisms are symmetrically arranged, and a horizontal shaft is horizontally arranged between the two sets. The horizontal shaft is connected to the rotating shaft at the end of the support arm, ensuring that both sets of scissor lift mechanisms can rise and fall during lifting. The lifting device is driven by hydraulic cylinders. In this embodiment, there are two hydraulic cylinders, symmetrically arranged near the two sets of scissor lift mechanisms. The hydraulic cylinders are fixed to the lower support rod by a shaft pin. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder is installed at the bottom of the lifting top plate. Both ends of the lower support rod are fixed to the support arms on both sides. Specifically, both ends of the lower support rod are fixed to the second pair of support arms from the bottom, on the same side as the bottom plate slide rail.

[0057] The sensor assembly is mounted on an image recognition and laser sensor, a displacement sensor, and a sensor bracket. Both the image recognition and laser sensor and the displacement sensor are fixedly mounted on the sensor bracket using bolts. The sensor bracket includes a sensor mounting plate, a connecting arm, and a bracket fixing plate. The image recognition and laser sensor and the displacement sensor are bolted to both ends of the sensor mounting plate. A connecting arm is connected to the bottom of the sensor mounting plate near the image recognition and laser sensor; the bottom of the connecting arm is connected to the bracket fixing plate, which is bolted to the side of the support plate. The image recognition and laser sensor detects icing on the overhead contact line, including whether the contact line is iced and the thickness of the ice layer. The displacement sensor detects the position of the contact line. Sensor assemblies are located in front of both the ice-crushing device and the cleaning device. The sensor assembly in front of the ice-crushing device is fixedly mounted on the support plate of the displacement adjustment device, while the sensor assembly in front of the cleaning device is mounted on the base of the cleaning device.

[0058] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, there are four support frames, and each support frame is equipped with an ice-crushing device. The base of the cleaning device is a rectangular plate structure, and two columns are arranged on the base. The two columns are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the cleaning device. One column is located at one corner of the base, and the other column is located in the middle of the side of the cleaning device. A sensor assembly is fixedly installed on the base, and the sensor assembly is located on the side perpendicular to the side with the column in the middle.

[0059] In this embodiment, the mechanical de-icing device for railway contact network also includes an electrical control system. The electrical control system includes a control unit, which is an ECS controller. The ECS controller is used to control the operation of the entire mechanical de-icing device for railway contact network. The specific control process is as follows: the image recognition and laser sensors transmit the detected icing status signal of the contact network line to the control unit. When icing is detected on the contact network line, the control unit controls the displacement adjustment device and the lifting device according to the position signal of the contact network line detected by the displacement sensor. It controls the hydraulic cylinder and servo motor to start, so that the ice crushing rod reaches the appropriate ice crushing position and the cleaning brush reaches the appropriate cleaning position. Then, according to the ice thickness, the reversing device is opened. By controlling the speed of the main shaft drive motor, the striking speed and striking frequency of the ice crushing rod are controlled to de-ic the contact network at the corresponding position. After the ice crushing rod strikes the contact network line, the cleaning brush motor is turned on to sweep away the remaining ice and ice fragments on the contact network line, ensuring the de-icing effect and preventing the remaining ice fragments from re-icing on the contact network line.

[0060] Specific embodiment 2 of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model:

[0061] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the sun gear has a sun gear shaft hole, which is fitted onto the main shaft, and the sun gear shaft hole is interference-fitted with the main shaft.

[0062] Specific embodiment 3 of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model:

[0063] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the ice pop in this embodiment is a one-piece rubber ice pop.

[0064] Specific embodiment 4 of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model:

[0065] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that both the clockwise and counterclockwise striking bases are prism structures with a regular hexagonal base. In other embodiments, both the clockwise and counterclockwise striking bases can be prism structures with a regular polygonal base.

[0066] Specific embodiment 5 of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model:

[0067] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that one positive and one negative planetary gear are provided. In other embodiments, two positive and two negative planetary gears can be provided, or more, or one negative planetary gear and two positive planetary gears can be provided. When the number of positive and negative planetary gears is greater than two, the multiple positive and multiple negative planetary gears are arranged in a regular polyhedral pattern.

[0068] Specific embodiment 6 of the mechanical de-icing device for railway catenary provided by this utility model:

[0069] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that no cleaning device is provided.

[0070] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0072] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

Claims

1. A mechanical de-icing device for railway overhead contact lines, characterized in that, The device includes an ice-crushing mechanism, which comprises an ice-crushing rod mounted on a reversing device. The reversing device includes a main shaft, a gear set, a clockwise striking seat, and a counter-clockwise striking seat. The gear set includes a sun gear, a planet carrier, clockwise planetary gears, and counter-clockwise planetary gears. The sun gear drives the counter-clockwise planetary gears, and the counter-clockwise planetary gears drive the clockwise planetary gears. The clockwise striking seat has a main shaft mounting hole for mounting the main shaft. A clockwise gear ring is located inside the clockwise striking seat. The clockwise and counter-clockwise striking seats also have clockwise and counter-clockwise gear rings on their inner sides, respectively. The clockwise gear ring meshes with the clockwise planetary gears, and the counter-clockwise gear ring meshes with the counter-clockwise planetary gears. An ice-crushing rod is fixed to both the clockwise and counter-clockwise striking seats.

2. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact networks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are respectively provided with a first mounting cavity and a second mounting cavity. The clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are fastened together, and the gear set is installed in the fastened first and second mounting cavities.

3. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact wires according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ice crusher includes a striking part, a lifting clamp, a limiting cable, a buffer spring, and a through-hole screw. The striking part is cylindrical, with a circular groove at the center of the front end face. A through-hole screw mounting hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the groove, through which the through-hole screw is inserted. A fixing nut is provided at the front end of the through-hole screw, and a washer is installed between the fixing nut and the bottom of the circular groove. A limiting cable is installed at the rear end of the through-hole screw, and the rear end of the limiting cable is fixedly connected to the lifting clamp.

4. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact networks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rear end of the through-bolt is fixedly connected to a bolt hook, the front end of the clamping hoop is fixedly connected to a clamping hoop hook, and both ends of the limiting cable are provided with hanging rings. The bolt hook and the clamping hoop hook are respectively hung on the hanging rings at the front and rear ends of the limiting cable. The clamping hoop is a cylindrical structure, and a buffer spring is sleeved on the clamping hoop. The other end of the buffer spring is sleeved on the striking part, and the rear end of the buffer spring is fixedly sleeved on the front end of the clamping hoop. The rear end of the striking part is provided with a buffer spring mounting groove, and the front end of the buffer spring is sleeved in the buffer spring mounting groove at the rear end of the striking part.

5. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact wires according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the clockwise and counterclockwise striking seats are cylindrical structures. The main shaft, the clockwise striking seat, and the counterclockwise striking seat are coaxially arranged. A sealing ring is provided at the engagement position of the first and second mounting cavities. The clockwise striking seat has a main shaft mounting hole that connects to the first mounting cavity. The main shaft mounting hole is used for the passage of the main shaft, and a bearing is installed inside the main shaft mounting hole. The main shaft is installed in the bearing, and one end of the main shaft protruding from the outside of the clockwise striking seat is used to connect to the main shaft drive motor. A flange cover is coaxially mounted with the main shaft. A protrusion is provided on the outer side of the counter-rotating striking seat. A main shaft mounting groove is provided at the center of the bottom of the second mounting cavity on the inner side of the counter-rotating striking seat. The end of the main shaft near the counter-rotating striking seat is installed in the main shaft mounting groove. A bearing is provided in the main shaft mounting groove. The end of the main shaft near the counter-rotating striking seat is installed in the main shaft mounting groove through the bearing. A forward-rotating mounting part and a counter-rotating mounting part are respectively provided on the outer side of the forward-rotating striking seat and the counter-rotating striking seat. Ice pops are fixed on both the forward-rotating mounting part and the counter-rotating mounting part.

6. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact networks according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the positive-spin planetary gears and the positive-spin planetary gears are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier via a short shaft. A pin is provided between the short shaft and the planet carrier, and a needle roller bearing is provided between the pin and the planet carrier. A retaining ring for the shaft is provided on the outside of the needle roller bearing. The positive-spin planetary gears include a first positive-spin planetary gear, a second positive-spin planetary gear, and a third positive-spin planetary gear, which are arranged in an equilateral triangle. The negative-spin planetary gears include a first negative-spin planetary gear, a second negative-spin planetary gear, and a third negative-spin planetary gear, which are mounted on the side of the planet carrier near the negative-spin striking seat. The first negative-spin planetary gear, the second negative-spin planetary gear, and the third negative-spin planetary gear are arranged in an equilateral triangle, and the first negative-spin planetary gear, the second negative-spin planetary gear, and the third negative-spin planetary gear respectively drive the first positive-spin planetary gear, the second positive-spin planetary gear, and the third positive-spin planetary gear.

7. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact wires according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical de-icing device also includes a cleaning device, which is installed behind the ice crushing device. The cleaning device includes a cleaning brush, which consists of a brush head and a cleaning brush fixing part. The brush head is installed on the cleaning brush fixing part, which is generally frustum-shaped. The brush head is fixed on the bottom surface of the large end of the cleaning brush fixing part. The brush head is composed of several bristle lengths, and the bristles are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the large end of the cleaning brush fixing part. A cleaning brush drive shaft is installed on the bottom surface of the small end of the cleaning brush fixing part. The cleaning brush drive shaft is connected to a cleaning brush motor, which drives the cleaning brush to rotate. The cleaning brush is rotatably mounted on a transition rod, which is mounted on a cleaning brush support column. The top of the cleaning brush support column is provided with an arch-shaped connecting plate, on which an angle shaft is installed. An angle shaft sleeve is provided on the transition rod, and the angle shaft is rotatably mounted in the angle shaft sleeve.

8. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact wires according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reversing device is installed on the top of the support frame. There are four support frames in total, and each support frame is equipped with an ice crushing device. The base of the cleaning device is a rectangular plate structure. Two columns are arranged on the base of the cleaning device. The two columns are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the cleaning device. One column is located at one corner of the base of the cleaning device, and the other column is located in the middle of the side of the cleaning device. A sensor assembly is fixedly installed on the base of the cleaning device. The sensor assembly is located on the side perpendicular to the side with the column in the middle.

9. The mechanical de-icing device for railway contact networks according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the ice crushing device and the cleaning device are equipped with displacement adjustment devices at their bottoms, and these displacement adjustment devices are mounted on the lifting device.

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