Circuit structure and emergency starting power supply
By introducing a pressure relief module and a comparison module into the emergency start-up power supply, the problem of capacitor voltage maintenance after charging is solved, enabling accurate identification of AFE and ensuring normal operation of the power supply equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN CARKU TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
Smart Images
Figure CN224502933U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of emergency start-up power supply technology, and more specifically, to a circuit structure and an emergency start-up power supply. Background Technology
[0002] Automotive jump starters typically require additional supercapacitors to provide a high-power current during startup for rapid starting. However, after charging is complete and the charging switch is turned off, the voltage across the supercapacitors connected to the P+ and P- terminals of the jump starter will equal the voltage of the charging device, maintaining the voltage between P+ and P- at the same level. The active front end (AFE) of the jump starter determines whether the charging device is connected based on the voltage at P+ and P- terminals. Therefore, even if the charging device is unplugged, the AFE will continue to assume it is connected, preventing it from entering sleep mode and causing it to fail to recognize subsequent charging device connections, leading to malfunctions in both the AFE and the jump starter. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a circuit structure and an emergency start-up power supply.
[0004] The circuit structure provided in this application includes a capacitor module, a voltage relief module, and a comparator module. The capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery module; the voltage relief module is connected in parallel with the capacitor module; the comparator module is used to control the operation of the voltage relief module based on the positive and negative terminal voltages of the battery module and the voltage across the capacitor module, so as to reduce the voltage across the capacitor module.
[0005] In some embodiments, the circuit structure further includes a switching module, wherein the capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery module through the switching module, and the pressure relief module is connected in parallel with the battery module through the switching module; when the battery module stops charging, the switching module disconnects the capacitor module and the battery module, and controls the on / off relationship between the pressure relief module and the capacitor module through the comparison module.
[0006] In some implementations, the switch module is connected to the negative terminal of the battery module, the positive terminal of the battery module is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor module, and the negative terminal of the battery module is grounded.
[0007] In some embodiments, the pressure relief module includes a pressure relief device and a switching device connected in series. The pressure relief device is used to consume the electrical energy of the capacitor module. The comparison module is connected to the switching device and controls the working state of the pressure relief module by controlling the switching state of the switching device. When the switching device is on, the pressure relief device consumes the electrical energy of the capacitor module. When the switching device is off, the pressure relief device does not consume the electrical energy of the capacitor module.
[0008] In some embodiments, the comparison module includes a voltage comparator, the two input terminals of which are respectively connected to the battery module and the capacitor module, and the output terminal of which is connected to the switching device to control the switching device.
[0009] In some embodiments, the output of the voltage comparator is connected to the gate of the switching element, and the drain and source of the switching element are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the pressure relief module.
[0010] In some embodiments, the comparison module further includes a first branch with a first resistor and a second resistor, the first branch being connected in parallel with the battery module, the connection point between the first input terminal of the voltage comparator and the first branch being located between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the first branch being located between the battery module and the switch module.
[0011] In some embodiments, the comparison module further includes a second branch with a third resistor and a fourth resistor, the second branch being connected in parallel with the capacitor module, and the connection point between the second input terminal of the voltage comparator and the second branch being located between the third resistor and the fourth resistor; the switch module is located between the first branch and the second branch.
[0012] In some implementations, the first input terminal of the voltage comparator is the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the second input terminal of the voltage comparator is the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator.
[0013] In some implementations, the comparison module is used to control the voltage across the capacitor module to drop below a preset threshold, the preset threshold being adjusted based on the resistance values of the resistors in the first branch and / or the resistance values of the resistors in the second branch.
[0014] In some implementations, the preset threshold is less than the voltage of the battery module when it is fully charged.
[0015] In some embodiments, the circuit structure further includes an interface module for connecting the battery module and an external device, wherein the battery module discharges to the external device through the interface module; the battery module and the capacitor module are connected in parallel to the interface module, wherein the capacitor module is used to discharge to the external device together with the battery module to increase the discharge current; the interface module is also used to receive power from the external device to charge the battery module.
[0016] In some embodiments, the circuit structure further includes a switch module disposed in the electrical connection path between the battery module and the interface module, for controlling the conduction and disconnection of the electrical connection path; when the switch module is closed, the electrical connection path is conducted, so that the battery module and the interface module can be energized; when the switch module is open, the electrical connection path is disconnected, so that the battery module and the interface module are not energized.
[0017] In some implementations, the capacitor assembly includes one or more capacitors connected in series.
[0018] The emergency jump starter provided in this application includes a housing, a battery module, and the circuit structure described in any of the above embodiments. The battery module is disposed within the housing. The circuit structure is disposed within the housing and connected to the battery module. The circuit structure includes an interface module for connecting the battery module and an external device. The battery module discharges to the external device through the interface module. The external device includes a car battery or a car engine. The battery module discharges to the external device through the interface module to enable emergency vehicle starting.
[0019] In some embodiments, the battery module includes a rechargeable battery or a supercapacitor, wherein the rechargeable battery includes a sodium battery, a lithium battery, or a lead-acid battery.
[0020] In the circuit structure and emergency start-up power supply of this application, the circuit structure additionally includes a pressure relief module and a comparison module. The comparison module can acquire the positive and negative voltages of the battery module and the voltage across the capacitor module, and compare them. When the comparison result indicates that the voltage across the capacitor module is too high, the pressure relief module is controlled to relieve the pressure on the capacitor module, ensuring that the voltage across the capacitor module will drop after the charging device completes charging, causing the voltage of the interface module to drop accordingly. This ensures that the voltage of the interface module is different when the charging device is connected or disconnected, allowing the AFE to accurately identify the insertion and removal of the charging device, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the AFE and the power supply.
[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of some embodiments of this application;
[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the simulation results of the circuit structure shown;
[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the simulation results of the circuit structure shown;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an emergency start-up power supply according to certain embodiments of this application.
[0027] Explanation of key component symbols:
[0028] 100. Emergency start-up power supply;
[0029] 10. Circuit structure; 11. Capacitor module; 12. Pressure relief module; 121. Pressure relief device; 122. Switch; 13. Comparison module; 131. Voltage comparator; 1311. Output terminal; 1312. First input terminal; 1313. Second input terminal; 132. First branch; 133. Second branch; 14. Switch module; 141. Charging switch transistor; 142. Discharging switch transistor; 15. Interface module;
[0030] 20. Battery module;
[0031] 30. Outer casing; 40. Terminal post. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.
[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "thickness," "upper," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. In one example, they can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements.
[0035] In embodiments of this application, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0036] To address the above problems, this application provides a circuit structure 10 and an emergency start-up power supply 100.
[0037] Please see Figure 1 The circuit structure 10 provided in this embodiment includes a capacitor module 11, a voltage relief module 12, and a comparator module 13. The capacitor module 11 is connected in parallel with the battery module 20. The voltage relief module 12 is connected in parallel with the capacitor module 11. The comparator module 13 is used to control the operation of the voltage relief module 12 based on the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 and the voltage across the capacitor module 11, so that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 decreases.
[0038] Specifically, both circuit structure 10 and battery module 20 are components of a power supply device. A power supply device is a means of converting electrical energy from one form to another to meet the operational needs of electronic devices or systems. The power supply device may include a battery or an emergency starter 100. Circuit structure 10 can be connected to battery module 20 to facilitate the transfer of electrical energy between battery module 20 and external devices. Circuit structure 10 typically includes an interface module 15 for connecting battery module 20 and external devices.
[0039] The battery module 20 is an intermediate-level battery unit composed of multiple individual cells connected in series, parallel, or mixed series. It is typically used to build larger-scale battery systems (such as battery packs, battery arrays, or vehicle emergency start-up power supplies 100).
[0040] Power supply equipment typically includes an Active Front End (AFE). In power supply equipment, the AFE usually refers to a rectifier / feedback unit located on the power input side. It uses IGBT power components and functions as an inverter, but its input is AC and its output is DC. Compared to traditional diode or thyristor rectification technology, the AFE has active control capabilities, eliminating high-order harmonics, improving the power factor, and exhibiting superior dynamic characteristics, unaffected by grid fluctuations. The AFE can determine whether a charging device is connected to the interface module 15 based on the voltage of the interface module 15. For example, the voltage of a charging device is usually relatively high, and its connection to the interface module 15 often results in a rising edge in the voltage of the interface module 15. Therefore, when the AFE detects a rising edge in the voltage of the interface module 15, it considers the charging device to be connected. As another example, in some power supply equipment, the negative terminal B- of the battery module 20 is grounded, and the charge / discharge switch is connected to the negative terminal B- of the battery module 20. When the AFE detects a negative voltage at the negative interface of the interface module 15, it considers the charging device to be connected.
[0041] Capacitor module 11 includes one or more capacitors connected in series, for example Figure 1 C2-C5 in the diagram are all capacitors, which can be farad capacitors. The capacitor module 11 is connected in parallel with the positive and negative terminals of the battery module 20, allowing the capacitor module 11 to supply power to external devices together with the battery module 20, thus ensuring that the power supply can deliver high-power current to external devices. The voltage relief module 12 is connected in parallel with the capacitor module 11, and is used to reduce the voltage across the capacitor module 11. For example, the voltage relief module 12 may include a resistor, which the capacitor module 11 uses to dissipate electrical energy, thereby completing the voltage relief. The comparator module 13 is used to control the operation of the voltage relief module 12 based on the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 and the voltage across the capacitor module 11, so that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 decreases.
[0042] The capacitor module 11 is connected in parallel with the battery module 20, therefore the capacitor module 11 also affects the voltage of the interface module 15, and the capacitor module 11 also charges during the charging process. When charging is complete and the charging device is unplugged, the voltage across the capacitor module 11 remains the same as the voltage of the charging device, thus maintaining the voltage of the interface module 15 at the level when the charging device was connected. At this time, even if the charging device has been unplugged, the AFE will still consider the charging device to be connected.
[0043] The comparison module 13 can set a comparison object based on the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20, and compare the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 with the voltage across the capacitor module 11 to determine whether the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is too high. If it is confirmed that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is too high, the voltage relief module 12 is activated, causing the voltage across the capacitor module 11 to drop, thereby reducing the voltage of the interface module 15. In this way, it can be ensured that the voltage of the interface module 15 is different when the charging device is connected or disconnected, so that the AFE can always accurately identify the insertion and removal of the charging device, thereby ensuring that the AFE and the power supply equipment can work normally.
[0044] The circuit structure 10 of this embodiment additionally includes a pressure relief module 12 and a comparison module 13. The comparison module 13 can acquire the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 and the voltage across the capacitor module 11, and compare them. When the comparison result indicates that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is too high, the pressure relief module 12 is controlled to relieve the pressure on the capacitor module 11, ensuring that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 will decrease after the charging device finishes charging, causing the voltage of the interface module 15 to decrease accordingly. In this way, the voltage of the interface module 15 is different when the charging device is connected or disconnected, so that the AFE can always accurately identify the insertion and removal of the charging device, thereby ensuring that the AFE and the power supply can work normally.
[0045] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the circuit structure 10 further includes a switch module 14, wherein the capacitor module 11 is connected in parallel with the battery module 20 through the switch module 14, and the pressure relief module 12 is connected in parallel with the battery module 20 through the switch module 14; when the battery module 20 stops charging, the switch module 14 disconnects the connection between the capacitor module 11 and the battery module 20, and controls the on / off relationship between the pressure relief module 12 and the capacitor module 11 through the comparison module 13.
[0046] Specifically, the switch module 14 includes a charging switch tube 141 and a discharging switch tube 142, and the charging and discharging of the battery module 20 can be controlled by controlling the closing and opening of the charging switch tube 141 and the discharging switch tube 142.
[0047] Capacitor module 11 is connected in parallel to battery module 20 via switch module 14, and pressure relief module 12 is also connected in parallel to battery module 20 via switch module 14. For example, battery module 20, pressure relief module 12, and capacitor module 11 are connected in parallel in pairs, with pressure relief module 12 located between capacitor module 11 and battery module 20. Switch module 14 is connected in series with battery module 20 and located between battery module 20 and pressure relief module 12. As another example, battery module 20, pressure relief module 12, and capacitor module 11 are connected in parallel in pairs, with capacitor module 11 located between pressure relief module 12 and battery module 20. Switch module 14 is connected in series with battery module 20 and located between battery module 20 and capacitor module 11.
[0048] When the switch module 14 is disconnected, no circuit is formed between the battery module 20 and the pressure relief module 12, but a circuit can still be formed between the capacitor module 11 and the pressure relief module 12. Therefore, when the battery module 20 stops charging, the switch module 14 disconnects the connection between the capacitor module 11 and the battery module 20. At this time, the comparator module 13 can control the on / off relationship between the pressure relief module 12 and the capacitor module 11. When the comparator module 13 controls the connection between the pressure relief module 12 and the capacitor module 11, only the capacitor module 11 discharges to the pressure relief module 12, and the battery module 20 will not discharge to the pressure relief module 12, thus ensuring that the energy of the battery module 20 is not leaked while the capacitor module 11 is depressurized. When the voltage of the capacitor module 11 is low, the comparator module 13 can also quickly control the circuit between the capacitor module 11 and the pressure relief module 12 to ensure that the energy stored in the capacitor module 11 does not become too low.
[0049] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the circuit structure 10 further includes an interface module 15, which connects the battery module 20 to an external device. The battery module 20 discharges to the external device through the interface module 15. The battery module 20 and the capacitor module 11 are connected in parallel to the interface module 15. The capacitor module 11 discharges to the external device together with the battery module 20 to increase the discharge current. The interface module 15 is also used to receive power from the external device to charge the battery module 20.
[0050] Specifically, interface module 15 includes a P+ interface and a P- interface. Interface module 15 is used to connect battery module 20 and external devices. The P+ interface is connected to the positive terminal (B+) of battery module 20, and the P- interface is connected to the negative terminal (B-) of battery module 20. Battery module 20 discharges to external devices through interface module 15. Simultaneously, battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 are connected in parallel to interface module 15. The P+ interface is connected to the positive terminal of capacitor module 11, and the P- interface is connected to the negative terminal of capacitor module 11.
[0051] Thus, the battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 can be electrically connected to external devices through the interface module 15, and the battery module 20 can be discharged and charged using the interface module 15. Furthermore, the capacitor module 11 and battery module 20 can discharge to external devices simultaneously to increase the discharge current, enabling the power supply to output high-power current.
[0052] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the circuit structure 10 further includes a switch module 14, which is disposed in the electrical connection path between the battery module 20 and the interface module 15, and is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the electrical connection path. When the switch module 14 is closed, the electrical connection path is conducted, allowing power to be supplied between the battery module 20 and the interface module 15, thereby enabling external devices to supply power to the battery module 20 through the interface module 15. When the switch module 14 is open, the electrical connection path is disconnected, preventing power from being supplied between the battery module 20 and the interface module 15, thus preventing power supply between the battery module 20 and the external device. In this way, the circuit structure 10 can use the switch module 14 to control the continuity and disconnection between the battery module 20 and the interface module, thereby controlling the continuity and disconnection between the battery module 20 and the external device, that is, controlling the start and stop of charging and discharging between the battery module 20 and the external device.
[0053] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the switch module 14 is connected to the negative terminal B- of the battery module 20, the positive terminal B+ of the battery module 20 is connected to the positive terminal B+ of the capacitor module 11, and the negative terminal B- of the battery module 20 is grounded.
[0054] Specifically, when the switch module 14 is off, the battery module 20 and the capacitor module 11 are actually in a common power supply state, and the sampling voltage reference point for both is the positive terminal B+ of the battery module 20. Figure 1 The battery module 20's negative terminal (B-) is grounded. Thus, the battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 have a voltage reference point, enabling the voltage comparator 131 to accurately perform voltage comparisons based on the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20, the voltage across capacitor module 11, and the voltage reference point. This solves the problem of inaccurate voltage comparisons caused by the non-common grounding of the B- and P- ports after the switch module 14 is disconnected, which prevents accurate comparisons. Therefore, the comparator module 131 can accurately control the pressure relief module 12 based on the comparison results.
[0055] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the pressure relief module 12 includes a pressure relief device 121 and a switch 122 connected in series. The pressure relief device 121 is used to dissipate the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11. For example, the pressure relief device 121 is a resistor (e.g., Figure 1In the resistor R6), after the capacitor module 11 discharges to the pressure relief device 121, the resistor can consume the electrical energy delivered by the capacitor module 11. The comparator module 13 is connected to the switch 122 and controls the working state of the pressure relief module 12 by controlling the switching state of the switch 122; when the switch 122 is on, the pressure relief device 121 consumes the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11; when the switch 122 is off, the pressure relief device 121 does not consume the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11.
[0056] For example, a current loop can be formed between the pressure relief module 12 and the capacitor module 11, and the switch 122 is used to control the formation and disconnection of the current loop. When the switch 122 is open, the current loop is broken, and the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11 cannot flow to the pressure relief device 121, so the pressure relief device 121 does not consume the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11. When the switch 122 is closed, the current loop is formed, and the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11 flows to the pressure relief device 121, so the pressure relief device 121 consumes the electrical energy of the capacitor module 11.
[0057] Specifically, when the switch module 14 is provided, it can be controlled to open before the switch element 122 is closed, so that there is no power supply between the capacitor module 11 and the battery module 20. Then, the switch element 122 is controlled to close to ensure that the battery module 20 does not charge the capacitor module 11 when the pressure relief device 121 consumes the power of the capacitor module 11, thereby ensuring that the power of the capacitor module 11 can be reduced.
[0058] Thus, the comparison module 13 can control the opening and closing of the switch 122 according to the comparison result, so as to control the start and stop of the pressure relief module 12 to relieve the pressure of the capacitor module 11.
[0059] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the comparison module 13 includes a voltage comparator 131, the two input terminals of which are connected to the battery module 20 and the capacitor module 11 respectively, and the output terminal 1311 of the voltage comparator 131 is connected to the switch 122 to control the switching of the switch 122.
[0060] Specifically, voltage comparator 131 is an analog electronic circuit used to compare the magnitudes of two input voltages and output a high-level or low-level digital signal based on the comparison result. The two input terminals of voltage comparator 131 are connected to battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 respectively, enabling voltage comparator 131 to acquire the corresponding voltages of battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 for comparison. When the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal is higher than that at the inverting input terminal, voltage comparator 131 outputs a high level; when the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal is lower than that at the inverting input terminal, voltage comparator 131 outputs a low level. Therefore, this characteristic can be used to determine the specific input terminals connected to battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 to ensure that voltage comparator 131 can output a high level under appropriate conditions to control the closing of switch 122, thus enabling the voltage relief module 12 to operate.
[0061] In some embodiments, voltage comparator 131 may include pull-up resistor R5, which is connected to the output terminal 1311 of voltage comparator 131. When the comparator output is in a high impedance state, pull-up resistor R5 pulls the output terminal 1311 to the power supply voltage (VCC), thereby forming a stable high level.
[0062] The switching element 122 can change its on / off state according to the output level of the voltage comparator 131's output terminal 1311. For example, the output terminal 1311 of the voltage comparator 131 is connected to the gate of the switching element 122, and the drain and source of the switching element 122 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the voltage relief module 12, respectively. The voltage comparator 131 can control the on / off state of the switching element 122 by controlling the gate level. For example, if the switching element 122 is an N-channel enhancement-mode field-effect transistor (MOS), the switching element 122 is turned on when the gate is high and turned off when the gate is low. Conversely, if the switching element 122 is a P-channel enhancement-mode field-effect transistor, the switching element 122 is turned on when the gate is low and turned off when the gate is high. The type of the switching element 122 can be set as needed.
[0063] In this way, the voltage comparator 131 can be used to compare the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 with the voltage across the capacitor module 11. At the same time, the switching device 122 can be turned off according to the comparison result of the voltage comparator 131, so that the pressure relief process can be carried out automatically without the intervention of the power supply device controller (Microcontroller Unit, MCU).
[0064] Please see Figure 1In some embodiments, the comparison module 13 further includes a first branch 132 provided with a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first branch 132 is connected in parallel with the battery module 20. The connection point between the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131 and the first branch 132 is located between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. The first branch 132 is located between the battery module 20 and the switch module 14.
[0065] Specifically, the first branch 132 is located between the battery module 20 and the switch module 14, so the switch module 14 does not affect the circuit formed between the first branch 132 and the battery module 20. The first branch 132 is connected in parallel with the battery module 20 and is connected to the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131, so that the total voltage of the first branch 132 is the same as the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20. The first branch 132 is provided with a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, so the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 can divide the total voltage of the first branch 132, and the first branch 132 is actually a voltage divider circuit.
[0066] The connection point between the first input terminal 1312 of voltage comparator 131 and the first branch 132 is located between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. Therefore, the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 of voltage comparator 131 is the voltage after voltage division, which makes the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 of voltage comparator 131 match the positive and negative voltages of battery module 20 (that is, the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 will change with the change of the positive and negative voltages of battery module 20, for example, when the positive and negative voltages decrease, the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 will also decrease), but it will not be too large. Assuming the positive and negative voltages of battery module 20 are U1, and the second resistor R2 is closer to the negative terminal B- of battery module 20, the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 is (R2 / R1+R2)*U1.
[0067] Thus, the first branch 132 can reduce the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131, preventing the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 from being directly input to the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131. This would prevent excessively high voltages from being input to the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131, which could damage the voltage comparator 131, thereby protecting the voltage comparator 131. Simultaneously, matching the voltage input to the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131 with the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 ensures that the voltage comparator 131 can still accurately control the pressure relief module 12 to relieve pressure at appropriate times through comparison.
[0068] Please see Figure 1In some embodiments, the comparison module 13 further includes a second branch 133 provided with a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The second branch 133 is connected in parallel with the capacitor module 11. The connection point between the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131 and the second branch 133 is located between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. The switch module 14 is located between the first branch 132 and the second branch 133.
[0069] Specifically, the switch module 14 is located between the first branch 132 and the second branch 133, so the switch module 14 does not affect the circuit formed between the second branch 133 and the capacitor module 11. The second branch 133 is connected in parallel with the capacitor module 11, so that the total voltage of the second branch 133 is the same as the voltage across the capacitor module 11. The connection point between the second input terminal 1313 of voltage comparator 131 and the second branch 133 is located between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. Therefore, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 can divide the total voltage of the second branch 133. The second branch 133 is actually a voltage divider circuit. The voltage input to the second input terminal 1313 of voltage comparator 131 is the voltage after voltage division, so that the voltage at the second input terminal 1313 of voltage comparator 131 matches the voltage across capacitor module 11 (that is, the voltage at the second input terminal 1313 will change with the change of the voltage across capacitor module 11, for example, when the voltage across capacitor module 11 decreases, the voltage at the second input terminal 1313 will also decrease), but it will not be too large. Assuming the voltage across capacitor module 11 is U2, and the fourth resistor R4 is closer to the negative terminal of capacitor module 11, the voltage at the second input terminal 1313 is (R5 / R4+R5)*U2.
[0070] Thus, the second branch 133 can reduce the voltage input to the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131, preventing the voltage across the capacitor module 11 from being directly input to the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131. This would prevent excessively high voltage input to the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131, which could damage the voltage comparator 131, thereby protecting the voltage comparator 131. Simultaneously, matching the voltage input to the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131 with the voltage across the capacitor module 11 ensures that the voltage comparator 131 can still accurately control the voltage relief module 12 to relieve pressure at appropriate times through comparison.
[0071] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the first input terminal 1312 of the voltage comparator 131 is the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 131, and the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131 is the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 131.
[0072] Specifically, the switch module 14 is connected to the negative terminal B- of the battery module 20, and the positive terminal B+ of the battery module 20 is connected to the positive terminal B+ of the capacitor module 11. Therefore, when the switch module 14 is off, the first input terminal 1312 and the second input terminal 1313 are actually in a common power supply state, and the sampling voltage reference point for both is the positive terminal B+ of the battery module 20. Figure 1 The B+ port is used in the circuit. The first input terminal 1312 is the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 131, and the second input terminal 1313 is the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator 131.
[0073] When the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 is higher than the voltage at the second input terminal 1313, the output terminal 1311 of the voltage comparator 131 outputs a high level, and the switch 122 is turned on. When the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 is lower than the voltage at the second input terminal 1313, the output terminal 1311 of the voltage comparator 131 outputs a low level, and the switch 122 is turned on.
[0074] Thus, the first input terminal 1312 and the second input terminal 1313 have voltage reference points, enabling the voltage comparator 131 to accurately perform voltage comparison. This solves the problem that the voltages of the first input terminal 1312 and the second input terminal 1313 have no voltage reference points for comparison because the B-port and P-interface are not grounded after the switch module 14 is disconnected, which leads to the inability to accurately perform voltage comparison.
[0075] Please see Figure 1 In some embodiments, the comparison module 13 is used to control the voltage across the capacitor module 11 to drop below a preset threshold, the preset threshold being adjusted based on the resistance values of the resistors in the first branch 132 and / or based on the resistance values of the resistors in the second branch 133.
[0076] Specifically, the preset threshold is such that the capacitor module 11 will not affect the AFE's determination of whether the charging device is inserted, nor will it affect the voltage value of the capacitor module 11 during subsequent operation. After the voltage across the capacitor module 11 drops below the preset threshold, the comparator module 13 will control the pressure relief module 12 to stop working, thereby completing the pressure relief of the capacitor module 11. The preset threshold can be understood as the capacitor discharge stop voltage.
[0077] In some embodiments, the preset threshold is lower than the voltage of the battery module 20 when it is fully charged. At this time, the battery module 20 and the capacitor module 11 share a common power supply, and the AFE determines whether the charging device is connected by detecting whether the P- interface is negative. Since the negative terminal B- is grounded, i.e., the B- port is grounded, the actual voltage of the P- interface is the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 minus the voltage ΔU across the capacitor module 11. It can be understood that only when the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is lower than the voltage of the battery module 20 when it is fully charged can the P- interface be ensured to be positive. Therefore, the preset threshold is lower than the voltage of the battery module 20 when it is fully charged, thereby ensuring that the AFE can identify that the P- interface is positive after the pressure is released, and thus ensuring that the AFE can accurately identify the connection and disconnection of the charging device.
[0078] The preset threshold can be adjusted based on the resistance values of the resistors in the first branch 132 and / or the resistance values of the resistors in the second branch 133. The voltage comparator 131 determines the output level by comparing the voltages at the first input terminal 1312 and the second input terminal 1313. The resistance values of the resistors in the first branch 132 affect the voltage at the first input terminal 1312, and the resistance values of the resistors in the second branch 133 affect the voltage at the second input terminal 1313. Therefore, the preset threshold can be adjusted based on the resistance values of the resistors in the first branch 132 and / or the resistance values of the resistors in the second branch 133.
[0079] Based on circuit Figure 1 Taking the circuit as an example, assuming that the positive and negative voltage U1 of the battery module 20 is 12V, the first branch 132 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the second branch 133 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4.
[0080] Since the B-port is grounded, the actual voltage at the P-port is the voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the battery module 20 minus the voltage ΔU across the capacitor module 11. Let's assume the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is U2. The formula for calculating the voltage U3 at the first input terminal 1312 is: U3 = (R2 / R1 + R2) * U1. The formula for calculating the voltage U4 at the second input terminal 1313 is: U4 = (R4 / R3 + R4) * U2 + ΔU.
[0081] Assuming a preset threshold of 10V, and that both the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are 2kΩ, then the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 is 6V. According to the above calculation formula, when the third resistor R3 is 3kΩ and the fourth resistor R4 is 2kΩ, if the voltage across capacitor module 11 is 10V, the voltage U4 at the second input terminal 1313 will be 6V. Once the voltage across capacitor module 11 drops below 10V, the voltage at the second input terminal 1313 will drop below 6V. At this point, the voltage relief module 12 will stop working, and capacitor module 11 will no longer discharge.
[0082] Assume the preset threshold is adjusted to 9V. If the preset threshold is adjusted by changing the resistance values of the resistors in the second branch 133, the third resistor R3 can be adjusted to 2kΩ and the fourth resistor R4 can be adjusted to 1kΩ. If the preset threshold is adjusted by changing the resistance values of the resistors in the first branch 132, the first resistor R1 can be adjusted to 9kΩ and the second resistor R2 can be adjusted to 11kΩ.
[0083] It should be noted that the above embodiment describes the resistance calculation method when the battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 share a common power supply. In some embodiments, the battery module 20 and capacitor module 11 share a common ground, in which case the voltage of the P- interface is 0V. The calculation formula for the voltage U4 at the second input terminal 1313 is: U4=(R4 / R3+R4)*U2. The subsequent calculation principle is the same and will not be repeated here.
[0084] Thus, by setting the voltage divider resistors (i.e., the resistors in the first branch 132 and the second branch 133), the capacitor discharge stop voltage (i.e., the preset threshold) can be flexibly adjusted, so that the circuit structure 10 of this application can be adapted to a variety of applicable occasions.
[0085] by Figure 1 The working process of the circuit structure 10 in this application will be explained using an example.
[0086] When a charging device is connected, the P- interface is at a negative voltage. At this time, the AFE recognizes the charging device as connected and executes the subsequent charging process. The AFE continuously monitors the battery module 20's charge level. When the battery module 20 is fully charged and the charging device is unplugged, the AFE controls the switch module 14 to disconnect. During the charging process, the capacitor module 11 also charges. Therefore, after charging, the voltage across the capacitor module 11 equals the voltage of the charging device, making the voltage across the capacitor module 11 greater than the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20. Since the B- port of the battery module 20 is grounded, and the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is greater than the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20, the P- interface is at a negative voltage. If the pressure relief module 12 does not relieve the pressure on the capacitor module 11, the P- interface will remain at a negative voltage, and the AFE will be unable to detect the unplugging of the charging device, nor will it be able to detect the subsequent connection of the charging device.
[0087] When the voltage at the second input terminal 1313 of the voltage comparator 131 in this application is higher than the voltage at the first input terminal 1312, it outputs a high level, causing the voltage relief module 12 to relieve pressure on the capacitor module 11. This results in the voltage of the interface module being lower than the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20, and the P- interface not being negative. Therefore, after the pressure relief is completed, the AFE can detect the change in the voltage of the P- interface and confirm that the charging device has been unplugged. Furthermore, when the charging device is subsequently plugged in again, the P- interface will become negative again.
[0088] If the charging device is unplugged before charging is complete, the switch module 14 remains closed, and the P- interface is connected to the B- port of the battery module 20. Therefore, the P- interface is also grounded at this time, and the voltage is 0. When the charging device is plugged back in, the P- interface will become negative.
[0089] Figure 2 and Figure 3 for Figure 1 The simulation diagram of the circuit shown indicates that V1 corresponds to battery module 20, and V2 corresponds to capacitor module 11. When the arrow on LED1 lights up, this circuit is conductive, and the voltage relief module 12 operates. Figure 2 As can be seen, when the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 is greater than the voltage at the second input terminal 1313, the voltage relief module 12 operates to relieve pressure. Figure 3 As can be seen, when the voltage at the first input terminal 1312 is less than the voltage at the second input terminal 1313, the voltage relief module 12 does not work, and the capacitor module 11 stops discharging voltage.
[0090] In this way, the AFE can always accurately identify whether the charging device is connected or disconnected, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the AFE and even the entire power supply equipment.
[0091] Please see Figure 1 The emergency jump starter 100 provided in this embodiment includes a housing 30, a battery module 20, and a circuit structure 10. The battery module 20 is disposed within the housing 30. The circuit structure 10 is disposed within the housing 30 and connected to the battery module 20. The circuit structure 10 includes an interface module 15, which is used to connect the battery module 20 and an external device. The battery module 20 discharges to the external device through the interface module 15. The external device includes a car battery or a car engine. The battery module 20 discharges to the external device through the interface module 15 to enable emergency vehicle starting.
[0092] Specifically, the aforementioned power supply device can be an emergency jump starter 100. As an important component of modern automotive electronic systems, the emergency jump starter 100 can provide stable and reliable power support during vehicle start-stop processes, improving the driving experience and energy efficiency.
[0093] In some embodiments, the battery module 20 includes a rechargeable battery or a supercapacitor. The rechargeable battery may include a sodium battery, a lithium battery, or a lead-acid battery.
[0094] The housing 30 includes at least the housing 30, which is a structure with a cavity for accommodating other components. Other components of the emergency start power supply 100 can be installed inside the housing 30. The housing 30 can be used to isolate other components of the emergency start power supply 100 from the outside world to prevent the other components from being easily damaged by external forces and to prevent external impurities, such as dust, from entering the other components and affecting their normal operation.
[0095] Interface module 15 is used to connect battery module 20 and external devices. Battery module 20 discharges to external devices through interface module 15. External devices include car batteries or car engines. Battery module 20 discharges to external devices through interface module 15 to enable emergency starting of the car.
[0096] In some embodiments, the emergency jump starter 100 further includes terminals 40. Terminals 40 are the physical interface of the emergency jump starter 100. Terminals 40 are located on one side of the housing 30 and are electrically connected to the battery module 20, allowing the battery module 20 to transmit electrical energy to the power-consuming device or charging device via the terminals 40. After the terminals 40 are connected to the power-consuming device (such as a starter motor or vehicle-mounted equipment) or charging device via wires, the battery module 20 and the power-consuming device or charging device can achieve electrical energy input (charging) and output (discharging).
[0097] The interface module 15 can be connected to the terminals 40, which include a positive terminal 40 and a negative terminal 40. The positive terminal 40 is used to connect to the positive terminal of an external device, and the negative terminal 40 is used to connect to the negative terminal of an external device. The P+ interface is connected to the positive terminal 40, and the P- interface is connected to the negative terminal 40. In this way, the battery module 20 can achieve electrical connection with external devices through the interface and the terminals 40.
[0098] When the external device is a charging device, after charging is complete, the voltage relief module 12 in the circuit structure 10 reduces the voltage across the capacitor module 11, thereby changing the voltage state of the interface module 15. Thus, when a subsequent charging device is connected, the voltage state of the interface module 15 will also change accordingly, enabling the AFE to accurately identify the connection and disconnection of the charging device.
[0099] The emergency start power supply 100 of this embodiment has an additional circuit structure 10 including a pressure relief module 12 and a comparison module 13. The comparison module 13 can acquire the positive and negative voltages of the battery module 20 and the voltage across the capacitor module 11, and compare them. When the comparison result indicates that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 is too high, the pressure relief module 12 is controlled to relieve the pressure on the capacitor module 11, ensuring that the voltage across the capacitor module 11 will drop after the charging device finishes charging, causing the voltage of the interface module 15 to drop accordingly. In this way, the voltage of the interface module 15 is different when the charging device is connected or disconnected, so that the AFE can always accurately identify the insertion and removal of the charging device, thereby ensuring that the AFE and the emergency start power supply 100 can work normally.
[0100] In the description of this specification, the references to "certain embodiments," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0101] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0102] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A circuit structure, characterized by, The circuit structure comprises: a capacitor module connected in parallel with a battery module; a pressure relief module connected in parallel with the capacitor module; a comparison module configured to control the pressure relief module based on the voltage across the capacitor module and the voltage across the battery module, so as to cause the voltage across the capacitor module to decrease.
2. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein, The circuit structure further comprises a switch module, wherein: the capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery module through the switch module, and the pressure relief module is connected in parallel with the battery module through the switch module; when the battery module stops charging, the switch module disconnects the capacitor module from the battery module, and controls the pressure relief module and the capacitor module through the comparison module.
3. The circuit structure of claim 2, wherein, The switch module is connected to the negative terminal of the battery module, the positive terminal of the battery module is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor module, and the negative terminal of the battery module is grounded.
4. The circuit structure of claim 2, wherein, The pressure relief module comprises a pressure relief device and a switch device connected in series, and the pressure relief device is configured to consume the electric energy of the capacitor module; the comparison module is connected to the switch device, and controls the working state of the pressure relief module by controlling the switch state of the switch device; when the switch device is turned on, the pressure relief device consumes the electric energy of the capacitor module; when the switch device is turned off, the pressure relief device does not consume the electric energy of the capacitor module.
5. The circuit structure of claim 4, wherein, The comparison module comprises a voltage comparator, two input terminals of the voltage comparator are connected to the battery module and the capacitor module respectively, and the output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the switch device to control the switch device.
6. The circuit structure of claim 5, wherein, The output terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the gate of the switch device, and the drain and source of the switch device are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the pressure relief module respectively.
7. The circuit structure of claim 5, wherein, The comparison module further comprises a first branch provided with a first resistor and a second resistor, the first branch is connected in parallel with the battery module, the first input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the connection point of the first branch between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the first branch is located between the battery module and the switch module.
8. The circuit structure of claim 7, wherein, The comparison module further comprises a second branch provided with a third resistor and a fourth resistor, the second branch is connected in parallel with the capacitor module, the second input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to the connection point of the second branch between the third resistor and the fourth resistor, and the switch module is located between the first branch and the second branch.
9. The circuit structure according to any one of claims 7-8, characterized by The first input terminal of the voltage comparator is the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the second input terminal of the voltage comparator is the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator.
10. The circuit structure of claim 8, wherein, The comparison module is configured to control the voltage across the capacitor module to decrease to a preset threshold value, and the preset threshold value is adjusted based on the resistance of each resistor of the first branch and / or based on the resistance of each resistor of the second branch.
11. The circuit structure of claim 10, wherein, The preset threshold value is less than the voltage of the battery module when the battery module is fully charged.
12. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein, The circuit structure further comprises an interface module, the interface module is configured to connect the battery module and an external device, and the battery module discharges the external device through the interface module. The battery module and the capacitor module are connected in parallel to the interface module, and the capacitor module is used to discharge the external device together with the battery module to increase the discharge current; The interface module is also used to receive power supply of the external device to charge the battery module.
13. The circuit structure of claim 12, wherein, The circuit structure further comprises a switch module, which is arranged in an electrical connection path between the battery module and the interface module, and is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the electrical connection path; When the switch module is closed, the electrical connection path is conducted to enable the battery module and the interface module to be powered on; When the switch module is disconnected, the electrical connection path is disconnected to prevent the battery module and the interface module from being powered on.
14. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein, The capacitor assembly comprises one or more series-connected capacitors.
15. An emergency start power supply, characterized by It comprises: a housing; a battery module arranged in the housing; the circuit structure according to any one of claims 1-14, which is arranged in the housing and connected to the battery module; The circuit structure comprises an interface module, which is used to connect the battery module and an external device, and the battery module discharges the external device through the interface module, the external device comprises a car battery or a car engine, and the battery module discharges the external device through the interface module to start the car in emergency.
16. The emergency start power source of claim 15, wherein, The battery module comprises a rechargeable battery or a super capacitor, and the rechargeable battery comprises a sodium battery, a lithium battery or a lead-acid battery.