A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to motor field, concretely relates to a novel single -phase switched reluctance motor, its structure includes stator subassembly, including stator core, stator magnet and stator winding, rotor subassembly, including rotor core and rotating shaft, cooling module, including at least one of winding cooling channel, the heat dissipation rib of stator casing outside, end cover channel, rotor rotating shaft fan blade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motors, specifically to a novel single-phase switched reluctance motor. Background Technology

[0002] Single-phase switched reluctance motors (SRMs) possess high structural strength due to their simple structure, low cost, and solid rotor, effectively overcoming the problems of rotor magnet demagnetization and magnet detachment inherent in permanent magnet motors. However, SRMs have shortcomings in starting torque and running torque, limiting their widespread application. Existing technologies exhibit low power density and output power in SRMs, and they face significant difficulties during startup. Furthermore, conventional motors require high starting currents, which limits their application in areas with weak power grids. The torque of SRMs drops significantly at high speeds, further restricting their applicability. Therefore, improvements to existing technologies are urgently needed to address these issues.

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a novel single-phase switched reluctance motor and its cooling module, which has the advantages of improving starting torque and running torque, optimizing heat dissipation performance, reducing starting current requirements, and enhancing torque stability during high-speed operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of single-phase switched reluctance motor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor includes:

[0007] Stator assembly, including stator core, stator magnet and stator winding;

[0008] The stator core has a 4-pole structure, with two stator magnets symmetrically arranged between the two poles for rotor start-stop positioning;

[0009] The stator core is composed of a whole round iron core and several iron cores with arc contour features, and the stator core includes several stator teeth, the top of which is provided with stator tooth grooves of different depths and widths.

[0010] The stator core is stacked in sections, with air ducts between each section for ventilation and cooling.

[0011] Rotor assembly, including rotor core and shaft;

[0012] The rotor core has a salient pole structure, and its surface is machined into a wedge-shaped, stepped, or sawtooth-shaped non-circular arc surface to form a non-uniform air gap;

[0013] The rotor core is assembled by segmented staggered stacking or integral stacking;

[0014] The stator winding is formed with a bubble-free insulation layer through an impregnation process, and the end is provided with winding end potting and solidified connection with the stator core;

[0015] The cooling module includes at least one of the following: winding cooling channel, heat dissipation fins on the outside of the stator housing, end cover channel, and rotor shaft fan blade;

[0016] The winding cooling channel is embedded in the stator winding.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the iron core with arc contour features includes two semi-circular iron cores or four 1 / 4 circular iron cores, and the iron cores with arc contour features are assembled to form a complete circle.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, the winding cooling channel is a spiral metal tube or plastic hose, which is embedded in the interlayer gap of the stator winding and is forced to cool by externally pumping coolant or gas.

[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, the inlet and outlet of the winding cooling channel are respectively connected to the cooling interface on the outside of the stator housing, and the cooling interface is detachably connected to the external cooling system.

[0020] As a further improvement of this utility model, the rotor core is provided with side plates on both sides, and the outer side of the side plates is integrated with fan blades for forced air cooling.

[0021] As a further improvement of this utility model, the gaps between the segments of the stator core are filled with thermally conductive silicone, the thickness of which is 0.5-2mm, to improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0022] As a further improvement of this utility model, the height of the stepped structure is 0.1-0.3mm, and the inclination angle of the sawtooth structure is 30°-60°.

[0023] As a further improvement of this utility model, the heat dissipation fins of the stator housing cooperate with the external fan to form a directional airflow channel, and the heat dissipation fins are distributed radially along the axial direction.

[0024] As a further improvement of this utility model, the magnetic pole width of the rotor core gradually changes along the axial direction to optimize the air gap magnetic field distribution, and the gradual change ratio is 1:1.2 to 1:1.5.

[0025] As a further improvement of this utility model, the stator magnet is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, symmetrically arranged between the two poles of the stator core, and spaced apart from the stator teeth.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Reliable self-starting is achieved by symmetrically arranging magnets between the two poles of the stator core. The non-uniform air gap and stator slots work together to suppress torque fluctuations, ensuring stable output over a wide range of speeds. The cooling module employs multiple heat dissipation methods, with three-dimensional heat dissipation improving efficiency and allowing the windings to carry higher current densities. The modular stator core reduces material loss, processing energy consumption, and weight, improving yield and shortening the production cycle. Ultimately, the power density is 1.5 times that of conventional products in the same volume, with lower operating noise and temperature rise, expanding application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the motor of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotor of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor of this utility model.

[0031] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Stator core; 2. Stator magnet; 3. Rotor core; 4. Stator winding; 5. Shaft; 6. Winding end sealant; 7. Winding cooling channel; 8. Stator slot; 9. Heat dissipation fins; 10. End cover hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Identical components are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0033] In existing technologies, single-phase switched reluctance motors suffer from drawbacks such as difficulty in starting, low power density, significant torque ripple, and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency. Conventional motor structures lack effective start-stop positioning mechanisms, preventing the rotor from reliably starting itself. Furthermore, the uniform air gap design between the stator and rotor makes it difficult to balance starting torque and operational stability, and winding overheating further limits the improvement of power density. For example, in compact equipment requiring frequent start-stop cycles and with limited heat dissipation, traditional single-phase switched reluctance motors often lead to system failure due to starting failure or excessive temperature rise.

[0034] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a novel single-phase switched reluctance motor, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes:

[0035] The stator assembly includes a stator core 1, a stator magnet, and a stator winding 4;

[0036] The stator core 1 has a 4-pole structure, with two stator magnets symmetrically arranged between the two poles for rotor start-stop positioning;

[0037] The stator core 1 is composed of a whole round iron core and several iron cores with arc contour features. The stator core 1 includes several stator teeth, and the top of the stator teeth is provided with stator tooth grooves 8 of different depths and widths.

[0038] The stator core 1 is stacked in sections, with air ducts for ventilation and cooling between each section;

[0039] Rotor assembly, including rotor core and shaft;

[0040] The rotor core has a salient pole structure, and its surface is machined into a wedge-shaped, stepped, or sawtooth-shaped non-circular arc surface to form a non-uniform air gap;

[0041] The rotor core is assembled by segmented staggered stacking or integral stacking;

[0042] The stator winding 4 forms a bubble-free insulation layer through an impregnation process, and a winding end potting 6 is provided at the end to be solidified and connected to the stator core 1.

[0043] The cooling module includes at least one of the following: winding cooling channel 7, heat dissipation fins 9 on the outside of the stator housing, end cover channel, and rotor shaft fan blade;

[0044] The winding cooling channel 7 is embedded in the stator winding 4.

[0045] The stator core 1 features a 4-pole structure, meaning it contains four symmetrically distributed magnetic poles. Magnets symmetrically positioned between the poles generate a stable positioning magnetic field, such as neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The arc-shaped core assembly involves dividing the core into two semicircular or four quarter-circular segments, mechanically joining them to form a complete circular structure. This design facilitates processing and reduces material waste. The segmented stacking creates airflow channels by dividing the core into multiple layers axially, with gaps between layers serving as airflow paths. For example, each core segment is 20mm thick with a 2mm gap. The non-circular surface of the rotor refers to machining the outer contour of the salient poles into wedge, stepped, or sawtooth geometric shapes, such as a step height of 0.2mm, adjusting the magnetic reluctance distribution by changing the local air gap thickness. The embedded winding cooling channel 7 involves pre-embedding metal or plastic conduits between winding layers, such as spiral copper tubes arranged circumferentially along the winding, achieving heat exchange through external circulating cooling media.

[0046] Symmetrically arranged stator magnets create a fixed magnetic field when the motor is stationary, guiding the rotor's salient poles to automatically align for reliable starting. The modular core reduces hysteresis losses through optimized magnetic circuit distribution, while the segmented stacking creates axial airflow channels that accelerate internal air circulation. Differentiated tooth groove design at the stator tooth tips disperses magnetic field harmonics, reducing torque ripple. The non-uniform air gap on the rotor surface generates gradient magnetic resistance during startup, while suppressing harmonics during operation through magnetic circuit saturation. The winding impregnation process uses current heating to remove air bubbles, ensuring complete insulation coverage of the conductor surface. The multi-path design of the cooling module allows heat from the windings to be conducted through internal channels, and heat from the core to be exchanged with external airflow via heat dissipation fins 9, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation system.

[0047] Through the aforementioned methods, this application achieves self-starting of the motor, eliminating the drawback of traditional single-phase switched reluctance motors requiring external auxiliary starting. The coordinated design of the air gap shape and stator slot 8 effectively suppresses torque fluctuations, enabling the motor to maintain stable output over a wide speed range. The composite cooling system significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency, allowing the windings to carry higher current densities. The modular core structure reduces manufacturing costs, and the segmented stacking process simplifies the production process. Ultimately, within the same volume, the motor power density reaches 1.5 times that of conventional products, while also exhibiting lower operating noise and temperature rise characteristics.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the iron core with arc-shaped contour features includes two semi-circular iron cores or four 1 / 4 circular iron cores, which are assembled to form a complete circle.

[0049] The semi-circular core refers to two symmetrical semi-circular components formed by dividing along a diameter. This can be achieved using wire cutting or stamping processes, ensuring the dividing surfaces have precise arc contours. The quarter-circular core refers to four sector-shaped components formed by dividing along two orthogonal diameters, for example, through die casting or CNC machining. The dividing surfaces must meet radial splicing accuracy requirements. Symmetrical assembly of the segmented cores can eliminate magnetic circuit asymmetry; for example, locating pins or dovetail groove structures can be used to achieve radial alignment of each segment.

[0050] By disassembling the stator core 1 into semi-circular or quarter-circular sections, the amount of scrap material generated during the core processing can be significantly reduced, such as the ineffective loss in the outer edge area when punching a whole-circular silicon steel sheet. The segmented structure allows for independent processing using standardized-sized silicon steel sheets or magnetically conductive materials; for example, rectangular blanks can be directly formed into quarter-circular cores, reducing raw material consumption by approximately 30% compared to processing a whole circle. During assembly, a high-precision positioning structure ensures seamless connection between the segments; for example, a concave-convex fit structure is set on the semi-circular core dividing surface, ensuring a continuous magnetic circuit and uniform air gap distribution after assembly. This segmented design also enables modular assembly of the core; for example, in the lamination process, the segments can be pre-pressed and then solidified as a whole, reducing the manufacturing difficulty of large stators.

[0051] Through the aforementioned methods, this application effectively solves the core problem of low core material utilization, reducing scrap by more than 40% while simultaneously lowering the tonnage and energy consumption of equipment required for core processing. The lightweight nature of the modular structure reduces the total stator weight by approximately 25%, facilitating the application of the motor in mobile equipment. The modular structure also supports independent heat treatment of each core segment, avoiding dimensional deviations caused by thermal deformation of the entire core and improving the product qualification rate to over 95%. The modular design further shortens the production cycle; for example, quarter-circular cores can be processed in parallel and quickly assembled, improving efficiency by approximately 30% compared to traditional processes.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the winding cooling channel 7 is a spiral metal tube or plastic hose, which is embedded in the interlayer gap of the stator winding 4 and is forcibly cooled by external pumping of coolant or gas.

[0053] Spiral metal tubes or plastic hoses refer to tubular components with a continuously curved structure. Their curved shape extends the flow path of the cooling medium within the winding. Specifically, they can be made of copper alloy or stainless steel as metal tubes, or high-temperature resistant engineering plastics as hoses. Interlayer gap embedding refers to directly arranging cooling channels in the gap area between adjacent winding layers of the stator winding, ensuring the cooling medium flow path is close to the heat-generating parts of the winding. External pumped forced cooling refers to using a power device to drive the cooling medium to form a directional circulation flow within the channel. Specifically, centrifugal pumps or air pumps can be used to achieve liquid or gas pressure drive.

[0054] The spiral tubular channels are arranged along the extension direction of the interlayer gaps in the windings, allowing the cooling medium to continuously absorb the heat generated by the windings during its flow. The flow path of the cooling medium is designed to cover the maximum surface area of ​​the heating region of the windings, with heat conducted through direct contact between the pipe walls and the windings. The pressure difference established by the external pumping system drives the cooling medium to form a stable circulation within the channels, and the flow velocity can be adjusted by the pump power to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements under different operating conditions.

[0055] Through the above methods, this application achieves efficient heat exchange between the heating parts of the winding and the cooling medium, avoiding insulation aging or magnetic saturation caused by excessive local temperature rise. The winding operating temperature is controlled within the allowable range, enabling the motor to operate stably at higher power densities, while also extending the service life of the winding insulation material.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the inlet and outlet of the winding cooling channel 7 are respectively connected to the cooling interface on the outside of the stator housing, and the cooling interface is detachably connected to the external cooling system.

[0057] The cooling interface is a standardized fluid connection port located on the surface of the designated sub-casing. It can be implemented using a threaded interface with a sealing ring or a quick-connect fitting to ensure the sealing of the cooling medium during transmission. A detachable connection refers to a structure where the interface components can be quickly separated via a mechanical locking device. This can be achieved using flange connections or flexible snap-fit ​​structures, allowing for easy disassembly and assembly without damaging the existing cooling piping during maintenance.

[0058] The cooling channel inlet and outlet form a symmetrically distributed interface structure on the outside of the stator housing, and the cooling medium forms a circulation loop through an external pumping device. The standardized design of the cooling interface allows for compatibility with external cooling systems of different flow rates, and the internal sealing structure of the interface forms a pressure-adaptive sealed state when connected. When maintenance is required, the external cooling pipes can be separated from the motor body by releasing the locking device, avoiding the maintenance difficulties caused by traditional welding or integrated connections.

[0059] Through the above methods, this application achieves physical isolation between the cooling system and the motor body, reducing the impact of maintenance operations on the motor body. The detachable interface structure shortens the replacement time of the cooling pipes, while the standardized interface design allows the same motor to be adapted to external cooling equipment with different heat dissipation capacities, expanding the application scenarios of the motor.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the rotor core has side plates on both sides, and fan blades for forced air cooling are integrated on the outer side of the side plates.

[0061] Side plates are annular structural components installed on the axial end face of the rotor core. They can be made of metal sheet by stamping and are fixedly connected to the rotor core by bolts or welding. They are used to mechanically constrain the rotor core laminations and prevent the laminations from loosening during high-speed rotation.

[0062] A fan blade is a blade structure with a specific angle. Specifically, it can be a curved metal sheet integrally formed with the side plate or an independently assembled plastic blade. Its blade profile is designed to be arc-shaped or inclined according to the airflow direction, and is used to push the airflow when the rotor rotates.

[0063] Side plates are positioned on both sides of the rotor core, forming an axial clamping force through a rigid connection, ensuring the rotor core laminations remain tightly stacked during rotation. Fan blades are integrated into the outer edge of the side plates. As the rotor rotates, the fan blades rotate synchronously with the side plates, cutting through the air and creating a forced airflow along the rotor's axial direction. This airflow directly acts on the rotor core surface and air gap region, rapidly removing heat generated inside the rotor core through forced convection. The integrated layout of the side plates and fan blades allows the heat dissipation structure to share axial space with the rotor body, eliminating the need for an additional independent fan component.

[0064] Through the above methods, this application generates directional forced air cooling simultaneously when the rotor is running at high speed, which effectively reduces the temperature of the rotor core; the restraining effect of the side plates on the laminations avoids the problem of core loosening caused by centrifugal force, and improves the structural strength and operational stability of the rotor.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the gaps between the segments of the stator core 1 are filled with thermally conductive silicone, which has a thickness of 0.5-2mm, to improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0066] Thermally conductive silicone filling refers to the use of silicon-based materials with good thermal conductivity to seal and fill the gaps in the stacking of iron cores. Specifically, it can be achieved by pre-formed silicone sheets or liquid silicone injection and curing. Its function is to replace the original air gaps and establish a continuous thermal conduction path to reduce the interfacial thermal resistance.

[0067] Thickness range control refers to limiting the filling height of the silicone layer in the gap to the range of 0.5-2 mm. This can be achieved by adjusting the gap limiting structure of the stacking fixture or the flowability parameters of the silicone material. This range ensures that the thermally conductive contact area is maximized in a limited space, while avoiding mechanical stress concentration due to excessive thickness.

[0068] When the stator core 1 is assembled in segments, parallel gaps are formed between adjacent core segments. The air in these gaps accumulates heat due to its low thermal conductivity. By filling these gaps with thermally conductive silicone, the gaps are transformed into a solid thermally conductive medium layer. Heat is then conducted laterally from the inside of the core through the silicone layer to the outside of the casing, and subsequently expelled through the heat dissipation fins 9 or forced airflow. After curing, the silicone material adheres tightly to the core surface, reducing interfacial thermal resistance. Simultaneously, its elastic properties compensate for gap variations caused by stacking tolerances, preventing interruptions in the heat conduction path due to mechanical vibration. The thickness parameters were determined experimentally: a lower limit of 0.5 mm ensures the minimum effective thermal conductivity cross-sectional area, while an upper limit of 2 mm prevents material waste and excessive increases in axial dimensions.

[0069] By employing the aforementioned methods, this application effectively solves the problem of localized temperature rise caused by insufficient thermal conductivity between segments in the stacked iron core. This allows the heat generated by the stator winding 4 and the iron core to be quickly dissipated along the silicone layer, preventing heat accumulation between the iron core laminations. While maintaining the feasibility of the original stacking process, this solution significantly improves the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the stator assembly, thereby supporting stable operation of the motor at higher power densities.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the height of the stepped structure is 0.1-0.3mm, and the tilt angle of the sawtooth structure is 30°-60°.

[0071] A stepped structure refers to a layered geometric deformation formed on the surface of the rotor core, which can be achieved using gradient cutting or layered stamping processes. This structure can create a continuously changing air gap magnetic field gradient during rotor rotation. A sawtooth structure refers to periodic inclined tooth-like protrusions on the rotor surface, which can be achieved using bevel grinding or directional punching processes. Its angle range ensures that the magnetic field distribution has directional modulation capabilities. The stepped structure controls the smoothness of the magnetic field transition through the height of the layers, while the sawtooth structure regulates the harmonic components of the magnetic field variation through the tilt angle.

[0072] The stepped, hierarchical structure allows the air gap magnetic field strength to gradually increase or decrease along the circumference, avoiding drastic torque fluctuations caused by sudden changes in the magnetic field. The serrated, inclined tooth surface guides the magnetic field lines to form a directional deflection, generating a controllable magnetoresistance gradient during rotor movement. The combination of these two structures ensures that the air gap magnetic field distribution at different rotor positions provides both the initial positioning torque required for startup and maintains stable torque output during continuous rotation. The height range of the stepped structure ensures the matching of the magnetic field transition zone width with the rotor speed, while the selection of the serration angle balances the magnetic field modulation strength and harmonic suppression requirements.

[0073] Through the above methods, this application effectively solves the problems of unstable starting torque and excessive running torque pulsation caused by the non-uniform air gap structure on the rotor surface. The stepped structure ensures that the motor can obtain a smoothly increasing initial torque during startup, avoiding rotor step loss; the sawtooth angle setting weakens the interference of higher harmonics on torque output, enabling the motor to maintain stable torque output characteristics over a wide speed range. The parameter combination of the two structures simultaneously optimizes the gradient change of the magnetic field distribution and the harmonic suppression effect, improving the motor's running smoothness and energy efficiency.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the heat dissipation fins 9 of the stator housing cooperate with the external fan to form a directional airflow channel, and the heat dissipation fins 9 are radially distributed along the axial direction.

[0075] The heat dissipation fin 9 refers to the strip-shaped protrusions extending axially from the outer surface of the stator housing. Specifically, it can be achieved by stamping or casting. Its radial distribution can increase the heat dissipation surface area and form an airflow guiding path consistent with the airflow direction.

[0076] The directional airflow channel refers to the axially extending gap formed by the arrangement of heat dissipation fins 9. Specifically, the airflow speed can be controlled by adjusting the spacing and height of the heat dissipation fins 9. The forced airflow generated by the external fan flows directionally along this gap, avoiding the loss of heat dissipation efficiency caused by disordered eddies.

[0077] The heat dissipation fins 9 are radially distributed along the axial direction, extending parallel to the motor axis. The resulting gap channels align with the airflow direction generated by the external fan. When the external fan operates, the airflow is forced into the gaps of the heat dissipation fins 9, carrying away heat from the stator housing surface as it flows axially. Compared to a randomly distributed heat dissipation structure, this directional channel reduces collision losses between the airflow and the heat dissipation fins 9, increases the effective contact time of the airflow on the heat dissipation surface, and thus improves heat dissipation efficiency.

[0078] Through the above methods, this application solves the problem of limited motor power density caused by insufficient heat dissipation. By enhancing heat transfer efficiency through directional airflow channels, the motor can maintain a stable operating temperature under continuous high load conditions, thereby improving its load-bearing capacity and operational reliability.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the magnetic pole width of the rotor core gradually changes along the axial direction to optimize the air gap magnetic field distribution, and the gradual change ratio is 1:1.2 to 1:1.5.

[0080] Gradual change in magnetic pole width refers to the gradient change in the geometric dimensions of the rotor salient pole along the axial length direction. Specifically, it can be achieved by linearly increasing or decreasing the axial magnetic pole width. For example, the width at one end of the magnetic pole is the base dimension, and the width at the other end is expanded or reduced proportionally.

[0081] The gradient ratio of 1:1.2 to 1:1.5 refers to the range of the width ratio between the starting end and the ending end of the magnetic pole. Specifically, it can be achieved by adjusting the slope of the axial section of the magnetic pole or by a step-like abrupt change. This ratio range is set to achieve effective magnetic circuit adjustment while ensuring the continuity of the magnetic field gradient.

[0082] The variation in pole width along the axial direction creates an asymmetrical distribution of the air gap magnetic field in space. As the rotor rotates, the gradient structure causes the magnetic flux path to exhibit differentiated reluctance characteristics at different axial positions, thereby altering the coupling strength between the magnetic field and stator winding 4. This design, by adjusting the permeability distribution in different regions of the poles, enables the rotor to quickly establish an effective magnetic field gradient during startup, while maintaining a smooth transition of magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit during operation, thus suppressing torque fluctuations caused by sudden changes in the magnetic field.

[0083] In some specific implementations, the gradual change in magnetic pole width can be manifested as a continuous axial gradient change, for example, by using oblique cutting to form a smooth transition; or by using a segmented step change, for example, dividing the magnetic pole into several equal regions, with the width of each region increasing proportionally.

[0084] Through the above methods, this application can improve the uniformity of the air gap magnetic field distribution, enabling the motor to quickly establish sufficient magnetic torque during startup, while reducing torque pulsation caused by sudden changes in magnetic flux during operation, ultimately achieving the dual effect of improved starting torque and optimized operating efficiency.

[0085] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the stator magnet 2 is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, symmetrically arranged between the two poles of the stator core 1, and spaced apart from the stator teeth.

[0086] Permanent magnets or electromagnets refer to two optional magnetic source types used to generate auxiliary magnetic fields. Permanent magnets are made of neodymium iron boron or ferrite materials, while electromagnets are generated by forming an energized coil around stator winding 4. This choice provides passive or active magnetic field control for startup positioning. Symmetrical arrangement between the two poles of stator core 1 means that the magnets are installed symmetrically on both sides of the center line of stator core 1 to ensure that the rotor is subjected to a balanced magnetic pull when stationary. Spacing from stator teeth means that a gap is maintained between the stator tooth root and the magnet to avoid direct coupling between the magnet's magnetic field and the main magnetic circuit.

[0087] When the motor is stationary, the rotor's salient poles are automatically positioned at the equilibrium position of minimum magnetic resistance by the magnetic field of the symmetrical magnets between the stator poles. Upon startup, a rotating magnetic field is generated by energizing the windings, and the rotor obtains its initial torque from this equilibrium position. The permanent magnet scheme utilizes its inherent magnetic field to achieve power-free positioning, while the electromagnet scheme controls positioning accuracy by adjusting the winding current intensity. The spacing between the magnets and stator teeth maintains the independence of the main magnetic flux path, preventing magnetic short circuits caused by the magnet's magnetic field in the stator teeth.

[0088] By employing the aforementioned methods, this application overcomes the inherent defect of single-phase switched reluctance motors being unable to start autonomously, enabling the rotor to automatically align with the optimal starting position when stationary. Simultaneously, the spaced arrangement of the magnets and stator teeth avoids interference from the auxiliary magnetic field on the main magnetic circuit, ensuring that the motor maintains stable torque output characteristics after startup.

[0089] The foregoing has illustrated and described the basic features, principles, and advantages of this utility model. It should be noted that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, but only to some embodiments. Any improvements and additions made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model are considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor, characterized in that, include: The stator assembly includes a stator core (1), a stator magnet (2), and a stator winding (4); The stator core (1) has a 4-pole structure, with two stator magnets (2) symmetrically arranged between the two poles for rotor start-stop positioning. The stator core (1) is composed of a whole round iron core and several iron cores with arc contour features. The stator core (1) includes several stator teeth, and the top of the stator teeth is provided with stator tooth grooves (8) of different depths and widths. The stator core (1) is stacked in sections, with air ducts for ventilation and cooling between each section; The rotor assembly includes a rotor core (3) and a shaft (5); The rotor core (3) is a salient pole structure, and its surface is machined into a wedge-shaped, stepped, or sawtooth-shaped non-circular arc surface to form a non-uniform air gap; The rotor core (3) is assembled by segmented staggered stacking or integral stacking; The stator winding (4) forms a bubble-free insulation layer through an impregnation process, and the end of the winding is provided with a winding end potting (6) which is solidified and connected to the stator core (1). The cooling module includes at least one of the following: winding cooling channel (7), heat dissipation fins (9) on the outside of the stator housing, end cover channel (10), and rotor shaft fan blade; The winding cooling channel (7) is embedded in the stator winding (4).

2. The novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The iron core with the arc-shaped profile includes two semi-circular iron cores or four quarter-circular iron cores, which are assembled to form a complete circle.

3. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winding cooling channel (7) is a spiral metal tube or plastic hose, which is embedded in the interlayer gap of the stator winding (4) and is forcibly cooled by external pumping of coolant or gas.

4. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the winding cooling channel (7) are respectively connected to the cooling interface on the outside of the stator housing, and the cooling interface is detachably connected to the external cooling system.

5. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor core (3) has side plates on both sides, and the outer side of the side plates is integrated with fan blades for forced air cooling.

6. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmented stacking gaps of the stator core (1) are filled with thermally conductive silicone, the thickness of which is 0.5-2mm, to improve heat dissipation efficiency.

7. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepped structure on the surface of the rotor core has a height of 0.1-0.3 mm, and the serrated structure has an inclination angle of 30°-60°.

8. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins (9) of the stator housing cooperate with the external fan to form a directional airflow channel, and the heat dissipation fins are radially distributed along the axial direction.

9. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor core (3) has a gradually changing magnetic pole width along the axial direction to optimize the air gap magnetic field distribution, and the gradual change ratio is 1:1.2 to 1:1.

5.

10. A novel single-phase switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator magnet (2) is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, symmetrically arranged between the two poles of the stator core (1), and spaced apart from the stator teeth.

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