A solar-powered data collector

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of solar-powered data collector, and the 4G communication module is connected MCU microprocessor by UART interface, power management module is connected MCU microprocessor by I2C bus, relay drive module is directly connected MCU microprocessor by GPIO pin, bluetooth configuration module is connected MCU microprocessor by SPI bus, RS485 communication module is connected MCU microprocessor by UART interface;Power management module converts solar input voltage into 3.3V direct current and powers each module.By hardware integration and circuit optimization, using the global band support of EG21-G module, the double-area backup mechanism of STM32G0B1 chip and the direct-drive relay circuit, the device realizes stable transmission of cross-country communication, efficient upload of collected signals and rapid response of control instructions, effectively solving the problems of high communication interruption rate, large control delay and excessive energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of solar power supply technology and Internet of Things data acquisition technology, specifically to a solar power data acquisition device suitable for overseas RVs and off-grid photovoltaic systems, used to realize real-time energy data acquisition, cross-border communication adaptation and remote equipment control. Background Technology

[0002] Existing solar data acquisition devices mostly employ a discrete design, which suffers from drawbacks such as limited cross-border communication frequency bands, high control response latency, and reliance on manual operation for firmware upgrades. Current solar data acquisition device 4G modules (such as the SIM7600) only support regional frequency bands, resulting in a high communication interruption rate during overseas roaming and data packet loss due to frequent frequency band switching. Furthermore, these devices only support data upload and cannot remotely control RV equipment via 4G networks. The separate design of relay control modules and communication modules for devices with downlink capabilities leads to control commands requiring multiple relays, resulting in high latency. In addition, the continuous network connection of the RV causes significant standby power consumption of the acquisition device's 4G module, and severe radio frequency interference during the parallel operation of multiple protocols (such as RS485, 4G, and Bluetooth) increases the bit error rate. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of existing solar data acquisition devices, such as poor communication adaptability, high response delay and serious multi-protocol interference, and to provide a solar-powered data acquisition device. Through hardware integration and circuit optimization, it utilizes the global frequency band support of the EG21-G module, the dual-zone backup mechanism of the STM32G0B1 chip, and the direct-drive relay circuit to achieve stable transmission of cross-border communication, efficient uploading of acquired signals, and rapid response to control commands.

[0004] This solar-powered data acquisition unit includes an MCU microprocessor, a 4G communication module, a power management module, a relay driver module, a Bluetooth configuration module, and an RS485 communication module. The 4G communication module is connected to the MCU microprocessor via a UART interface; the power management module is connected to the MCU microprocessor via an I2C bus; the relay driver module is directly connected to the MCU microprocessor via GPIO pins; the Bluetooth configuration module is connected to the MCU microprocessor via an SPI bus; and the RS485 communication module is connected to the MCU microprocessor via a UART interface. The power management module converts the solar input voltage to 3.3V DC and supplies power to the MCU microprocessor, 4G communication module, relay driver module, Bluetooth configuration module, and RS485 communication module.

[0005] Furthermore, the MCU microprocessor uses an STM32G0B1 chip.

[0006] Furthermore, the 4G communication module adopts the EG21-G module, with its UART_TX pin connected to the PA9 pin of the MCU microprocessor and its UART_RX pin connected to the PA10 pin of the MCU microprocessor.

[0007] Furthermore, the power management module uses the TPS63020 chip.

[0008] Furthermore, the relay drive module includes a 15A resettable fuse, an SMAJ30A TVS diode, and a drive relay array. The input terminal of the drive relay array is connected to the PC1 pin of the MCU microprocessor through an optocoupler isolation circuit, and the output terminal directly drives a 30A load.

[0009] Furthermore, the Bluetooth configuration module uses a CC2640R2F chip, and the CC2640R2F chip's SPI interface is connected to the PB3 / PB4 / PB5 pins of the MCU microprocessor.

[0010] Furthermore, the RS485 communication module integrates an ADM2483 isolation chip, which is connected to the PA2 / PA3 pins of the MCU microprocessor via a UART interface.

[0011] The optimization also includes an IoT platform, with the 4G communication module bidirectionally connected to the IoT platform via the MQTT protocol.

[0012] This utility model discloses a solar-powered data acquisition device that overcomes the shortcomings of existing solar data acquisition devices, such as poor communication adaptability, high response delay, and severe multi-protocol interference. Through hardware integration and circuit optimization, utilizing the global frequency band support of the EG21-G module, the dual-zone backup mechanism of the STM32G0B1 chip, and the direct-drive relay circuit, it achieves stable transmission of cross-border communication, efficient uploading of acquired signals, and rapid response to control commands. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates a solar-powered data acquisition device according to this utility model:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a wireframe diagram illustrating the logic structure and connection principle of this solar-powered data acquisition device;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the MCU microprocessor and its peripheral circuits described in this solar-powered data acquisition device;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the 4G communication module and its peripheral circuits described in this solar-powered data acquisition device;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of the power management module of this solar-powered data acquisition device;

[0018] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram of the Bluetooth configuration module and RS485 communication module of this solar-powered data acquisition device.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1-MCU microprocessor, 2-4G communication module, 3-Power management module, 4-Relay driver module, 5-Bluetooth configuration module, 6-RS485 communication module Detailed Implementation

[0021] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0024] Implementation method 1: such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, this solar-powered data acquisition device includes an MCU microprocessor 1, a 4G communication module 2, a power management module 3, a relay driver module 4, a Bluetooth configuration module 5, and an RS485 communication module 6. The 4G communication module 2 is connected to the MCU microprocessor 1 via a UART interface; the power management module 3 is connected to the MCU microprocessor 1 via an I2C bus; the relay driver module 4 is directly connected to the MCU microprocessor 1 via GPIO pins; the Bluetooth configuration module 5 is connected to the MCU microprocessor 1 via an SPI bus; and the RS485 communication module 6 is connected to the MCU microprocessor 1 via a UART interface. The power management module 3 converts the solar input voltage to 3.3V DC and supplies power to the MCU microprocessor 1, 4G communication module 2, relay driver module 4, Bluetooth configuration module 5, and RS485 communication module 6. This design, through the integrated connection of hardware modules and dynamic power management, achieves cross-border multi-frequency band communication adaptation, low-latency remote control, and multi-protocol interference suppression, solving the technical problems of high communication interruption rate, slow control response, and excessive energy consumption in existing technologies.

[0025] Implementation method 2: such as Figures 2 to 5As shown, the MCU microprocessor 1 of this solar-powered data acquisition device uses an STM32G0B1 chip. The STM32G0B1 chip has a built-in dual-bank Flash memory area. Bank 1 stores the currently running firmware, and Bank 2 stores backup firmware, which can automatically roll back to the backup version in case of upgrade failure. This hardware-level dual-zone backup mechanism enables over-the-air firmware upgrades, improving the success rate. The 4G communication module 2 uses an EG21-G module, with its UART_TX pin connected to the PA9 pin of the MCU microprocessor 1, and its UART_RX pin connected to the PA10 pin of the MCU microprocessor 1. This design allows the Quectel EG21-G module to support global coverage across 28 LTE frequency bands, reducing communication interruption rates in cross-border roaming scenarios. The power management module 3 uses a TPS63020 chip. The TPS63020 chip reduces standby power consumption from 6W to 1.2W through dynamic power gating technology and transmits voltage and current parameters back to the MCU microprocessor 1 in real time via the I2C bus. The relay drive module 4 includes a 15A resettable fuse, an SMAJ30A TVS diode, and a drive relay array. The input of the drive relay array is connected to the PC1 pin of the MCU microprocessor 1 via an optocoupler isolation circuit, and the output directly drives a 30A load. This design, through direct-drive circuit design, compresses the control response time to less than 0.8 seconds, meeting the requirements for emergency power outages. The Bluetooth configuration module 5 uses a CC2640R2F chip, which is connected to the PB3 / PB4 / PB5 pins of the MCU microprocessor 1 via an SPI interface. The CC2640R2F chip supports the AES-128 encryption protocol and dynamic key generation, with a pairing success rate >99%. The RS485 communication module 6 integrates an ADM2483 isolation chip, which is connected to the PA2 / PA3 pins of the MCU microprocessor 1 via a UART interface. The ADM2483 isolation chip can suppress radio frequency interference during parallel operation of multiple protocols, controlling the bit error rate to within 0.02%. The remaining structures and components are as described in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0026] Implementation method 3: such as Figure 1 As shown, this solar-powered data acquisition device also includes an Internet of Things (IoT) platform. The 4G communication module 2 is bidirectionally connected to the IoT platform via the MQTT protocol. The IoT platform receives and uploads photovoltaic data in real time and sends remote control commands. The remaining structures and components are as described in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0027] During operation: The device communicates with the MPPT controller of the solar photovoltaic panel via an RS485 communication module, and connects to the RV load (lighting, air conditioning, water pump, etc.) by driving a relay array. After the device is powered on, the solar input voltage is converted into 3.3V DC by the power management module (TPS63020 chip), and then supplies power to the MCU microprocessor (STM32G0B1) and peripheral modules via the I2C bus. The 4G communication module (EG21-G module) connects to the MCU (PA9 / PA10 pins) via a UART interface. Its built-in multi-band RF circuit automatically scans and locks onto the local operator's frequency band, enabling seamless switching for cross-border communication. The relay drive module is directly connected to the MCU (PC1) via GPIO pins, and drives a 30A load through an optocoupler isolation circuit and a TVS diode (SMAJ30A), completing on / off control within 0.8 seconds. The RS485 communication module connects to the ADM2483 isolation chip via a UART interface (PA2 / PA3 pins) to suppress RF interference between the 4G and Bluetooth modules. The Bluetooth configuration module (CC2640R2F chip) connects and interacts with the MCU (PB3 / PB4 / PB5 pins) via the SPI bus, and its built-in hardware encryption unit enables near-field parameter configuration. The MCU stores firmware through dual-bank Flash physical partitions. In case of upgrade failure, a hardware switch switches to the backup area to ensure continuous system operation. The entire device achieves low-power, high-reliability cross-border data acquisition and control through modular hardware connections and circuit-level anti-interference design.

[0028] This solar-powered data acquisition device overcomes the shortcomings of existing solar data acquisition devices, such as poor communication adaptability, high response delay, and severe multi-protocol interference. Through hardware integration and circuit optimization, utilizing the global frequency band support of the EG21-G module, the dual-zone backup mechanism of the STM32G0B1 chip, and the direct-drive relay circuit, it achieves stable transmission of cross-border communication, efficient uploading of acquired signals, and rapid response to control commands.

[0029] The above description illustrates the main features, basic principles, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments or examples described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the above embodiments or examples should be considered exemplary and not restrictive. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and therefore all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A solar-powered data acquisition device, characterized in that: It includes an MCU microprocessor (1), a 4G communication module (2), a power management module (3), a relay driver module (4), a Bluetooth configuration module (5), and an RS485 communication module (6); among which, The 4G communication module (2) is connected to the MCU microprocessor (1) via the UART interface. The power management module (3) is connected to the MCU microprocessor (1) via the I2C bus. The relay drive module (4) is directly connected to the MCU microprocessor (1) via the GPIO pin. The Bluetooth configuration module (5) is connected to the MCU microprocessor (1) via the SPI bus. The RS485 communication module (6) is connected to the MCU microprocessor (1) via the UART interface. The power management module (3) converts the solar input voltage into 3.3V DC power and supplies power to the MCU microprocessor (1), 4G communication module (2), relay drive module (4), Bluetooth configuration module (5) and RS485 communication module (6).

2. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU microprocessor (1) uses an STM32G0B1 chip.

3. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The 4G communication module (2) adopts the EG21-G module, and its UART_TX pin is connected to the PA9 pin of the MCU microprocessor (1), and its UART_RX pin is connected to the PA10 pin of the MCU microprocessor (1).

4. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power management module (3) uses the TPS63020 chip.

5. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The relay drive module (4) includes a 15A self-resetting fuse, an SMAJ30A TVS diode, and a drive relay array. The input terminal of the drive relay array is connected to the PC1 pin of the MCU microprocessor (1) through an optocoupler isolation circuit, and the output terminal directly drives a 30A load.

6. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The Bluetooth configuration module (5) uses a CC2640R2F chip, and the SPI interface of the CC2640R2F chip is connected to the PB3 / PB4 / PB5 pins of the MCU microprocessor (1).

7. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The RS485 communication module (6) integrates an ADM2483 isolation chip, which is connected to the PA2 / PA3 pins of the MCU microprocessor (1) via a UART interface.

8. The solar-powered data acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes an Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and the 4G communication module (2) is bidirectionally connected to the IoT platform via the MQTT protocol.

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