End-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on 5g-nrn protocol prototype simulator

Abstract

The application designs an end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulation instrument, which comprises a base station protocol simulator, a space channel simulator and a 5G terminal protocol simulator; the base station protocol simulator generates a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator; the space channel simulator processes anti-interference treatment on the high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the processed high-frequency carrier signal to the 5G terminal protocol simulator; the 5G terminal protocol simulator receives the processed high-frequency carrier signal and analyzes and displays the processed high-frequency carrier signal; through the above modular design, the base station protocol simulator, the space channel simulator and the 5G terminal protocol simulator can realize the connection verification of the satellite and the ground 5G network with high performance, thereby solving the protocol adaptation problem of satellite-ground integration, and verifying the communication reliability under a complex channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of communication simulation and verification equipment, specifically relating to an end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator. Background Technology

[0002] The current technology for integrating 5G / 6G mobile communication and satellite communication has limitations. During the research and development process, many problems are often encountered, which hinders the development of the technology.

[0003] Firstly, the integration of satellite communication (LEO / MEO / GEO satellites, HAPS, UAVs) with terrestrial 5G networks is a key technology for future seamless global coverage, but it also faces a series of complex challenges. The first challenge is the physical layer and channel: for example, 1) high dynamic environment and Doppler effect; 2) long propagation delay and intermittent connection of radio frequency signals; 3) complex channel conditions, all of which are not conducive to the development of this technology.

[0004] Secondly, as is well known, during the research and development of this technology and related verification processes, problems such as poor real-time performance of verification and testing systems, inability to solve high complexity and large computational loads are encountered. Furthermore, with the development of technology, more and more emerging scenarios need to be added, making it impossible to meet the needs of multi-scenario coverage. Therefore, real-time high-performance simulation equipment and full coverage of test scenarios will make the research and verification work more efficient and are also a rigid requirement in the research and verification process.

[0005] Finally, the architecture of the simulation test system is used in the early stages of scientific research prototypes and laboratory verification. Using a general-purpose equipment prototype simulation system can accelerate the innovative exploration of communication systems or speed up the verification process in the laboratory, while also significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of development and testing work. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, this application designs an end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator, providing a wireless space channel simulator device for laboratory research and development testing simulation. This solves the protocol adaptation problem of satellite-ground fusion and verifies the communication reliability under complex channels.

[0007] An end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator, including a base station protocol simulator, a space channel simulator, and a 5G terminal protocol simulator;

[0008] The base station protocol simulator generates a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator;

[0009] The space channel simulator performs anti-interference processing on the high-frequency carrier signal process and transmits the processed high-frequency carrier signal to the 5G terminal protocol simulator.

[0010] The 5G terminal protocol simulator receives the processed high-frequency carrier signal and analyzes and displays the processed high-frequency carrier signal.

[0011] Preferably, the base station protocol simulator includes: a host computer, a coprocessing unit module, a radio frequency front-end unit module, and an antenna unit;

[0012] The host computer is used to generate simulation parameters and set scene test setting instructions, and sends the simulation parameters and scene test setting instructions to the coprocessing unit module;

[0013] The coprocessing unit module generates radio frequency signals based on simulation parameters and scenario test setting instructions, and transmits the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency front-end unit module;

[0014] The radio frequency front-end unit module modulates the received radio frequency signal into a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits it to the antenna unit;

[0015] The antenna unit transmits the received high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator.

[0016] Preferably, the 5G terminal protocol simulator includes a host computer, a coprocessing unit module, a radio frequency front-end unit module, and an antenna unit;

[0017] The antenna unit is used to receive the high-frequency carrier signal processed by the space channel simulator and transmit the received high-frequency carrier signal to the radio frequency front-end unit module.

[0018] The radio frequency front-end unit module converts the received high-frequency carrier signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the coprocessing unit module;

[0019] The coprocessing unit module receives digital signals, processes the digital signals to output radio frequency signal data, and then transmits the radio frequency signal data to the host computer.

[0020] The host computer performs simulation structure analysis and processing on the radio frequency signal data, and then displays the results.

[0021] Preferably, the 5G terminal protocol simulator and the base station protocol simulator have the same hardware architecture.

[0022] Preferably, the radio frequency front-end unit module includes a signal receiving module, a signal transmitting module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module;

[0023] The signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module are respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module;

[0024] The signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module are both connected to the antenna unit.

[0025] The analog-to-digital conversion module and the coprocessing unit module are connected.

[0026] Preferably, a signal amplifier is also provided between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the coprocessing unit module.

[0027] The advantages and effects of this application are as follows:

[0028] This application designs an end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator, including a base station protocol simulator, a space channel simulator, and a 5G terminal protocol simulator. The base station protocol simulator generates a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits it to the space channel simulator. The space channel simulator performs anti-interference processing on the high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the processed high-frequency carrier signal to the 5G terminal protocol simulator. The 5G terminal protocol simulator receives the processed high-frequency carrier signal and analyzes and displays it. Through the above modular design, the connection verification between satellite and terrestrial 5G networks can be achieved with high performance using the base station protocol simulator, the space channel simulator, and the 5G terminal protocol simulator, thereby solving the protocol adaptation problem of satellite-terrestrial convergence and verifying the communication reliability under complex channels.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0032] Figure 1The structural diagram of the end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on the 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator designed for this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided merely to help fully understand the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures are omitted in the embodiments.

[0034] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0035] Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples within this application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0036] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" in this article describes another type of relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0037] In this article, the term "at least one" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "at least one of A and B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone.

[0038] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment mainly introduces a new end-to-end satellite communication network topology based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator, including a base station protocol simulator, a space channel simulator, and a 5G terminal protocol simulator.

[0041] The base station protocol simulator generates a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator;

[0042] The space channel simulator performs anti-interference processing on the high-frequency carrier signal process and transmits the processed high-frequency carrier signal to the 5G terminal protocol simulator.

[0043] The 5G terminal protocol simulator receives the processed high-frequency carrier signal and analyzes and displays the processed high-frequency carrier signal.

[0044] Furthermore, the base station protocol simulator includes: a host computer, a coprocessing unit module, a radio frequency front-end unit module, and an antenna unit;

[0045] The host computer is used to generate simulation parameters and set scene test setting instructions, and sends the simulation parameters and scene test setting instructions to the coprocessing unit module;

[0046] The coprocessing unit module generates radio frequency signals based on simulation parameters and scenario test setting instructions, and transmits the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency front-end unit module;

[0047] The radio frequency front-end unit module modulates the received radio frequency signal into a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits it to the antenna unit;

[0048] The antenna unit transmits the received high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator.

[0049] Furthermore, the 5G terminal protocol simulator includes a host computer, a coprocessing unit module, a radio frequency front-end unit module, and an antenna unit;

[0050] The antenna unit is used to receive the high-frequency carrier signal processed by the space channel simulator and transmit the received high-frequency carrier signal to the radio frequency front-end unit module.

[0051] The radio frequency front-end unit module converts the received high-frequency carrier signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the coprocessing unit module;

[0052] The coprocessing unit module receives digital signals, processes the digital signals to output radio frequency signal data, and then transmits the radio frequency signal data to the host computer.

[0053] The host computer performs simulation structure analysis and processing on the radio frequency signal data, and then displays the results.

[0054] Furthermore, the host computer, as the core of the control system, mainly consists of a PC and a mature, mainstream PXI controller. Regarding its design, many mature designs already exist in the existing technology, and this application will not elaborate on them. In this embodiment, we mainly introduce some of the main functions that can be achieved by commonly available products on the market: 1. Simulation parameter configuration: For example, setting the satellite orbit type (LEO / MEO / GEO), altitude, and movement trajectory. Configuring the channel model (Doppler shift, propagation delay, shadowing fading, etc.); adjusting 5G NR protocol stack parameters (frame structure, scheduling strategy, HARQ mechanism, etc.); functions. 2. Test scenario management: Defining the topology relationship between the ground station, satellite, and terminal (UE), simulating handover scenarios (such as inter-satellite handover, satellite-to-ground handover), and monitoring and displaying the real-time simulation system status. A mature, mainstream PXI controller ensures the real-time performance and accuracy of the overall system.

[0055] Furthermore, the coprocessor unit module, primarily an FPGA coprocessor unit module, plays a crucial role in the entire system. It is mainly used for high-speed baseband signal processing, low-latency protocol acceleration, and extensive algorithm verification to address the unique challenges of satellite communication, such as long latency and high dynamic Doppler shift. This design is also conventional; existing technologies can already implement it independently. For details, refer to Xilinx FPGA chips; their abundant FPGA resources can assist the RF front-end unit module in performing high-speed signal processing across the entire system while simultaneously conducting extensive algorithm verification.

[0056] Furthermore, the 5G terminal protocol simulator and the base station protocol simulator have the same hardware architecture.

[0057] Furthermore, the radio frequency front-end unit module includes a signal receiving module, a signal transmitting module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module;

[0058] The signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module are respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module;

[0059] The signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module are both connected to the antenna unit.

[0060] The analog-to-digital conversion module and the coprocessing unit module are connected.

[0061] Furthermore, the frequency range of the signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module is Sub-6 GHz, and the bandwidth is 400 MHz.

[0062] Furthermore, the antenna unit is a key component connecting the simulation environment and the real wireless channel. Its function is to complete the signal transmission and reception functions, and it also needs to adapt to the high dynamic, long distance and multi-frequency band requirements unique to satellite communication. The antenna is connected to the coprocessing unit module through the radio frequency front-end unit module to form a closed-loop simulation test system.

[0063] Furthermore, a signal amplifier is also provided between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the coprocessing unit module.

[0064] Based on the above design, this application also needs to supplement its workflow and signal transfer process:

[0065] Step 1: First, configure the simulation parameters and manage the test scenario through the host computer of the base station protocol simulator, such as satellite orbit type and channel model.

[0066] Step 2: Enter the coprocessing unit module. After receiving the relevant simulation parameter setting and scenario test setting instructions from the host computer, the coprocessing unit module uses the powerful signal processing and algorithm verification functions of the FPGA functional module to process the baseband signal, such as: frame filling (generating downlink data frames, such as system information and user data), channel coding (protecting data), DAC (converting digital signals into analog signals), etc. The entire process is based on embedded software programming in FPGA language to process the baseband signal.

[0067] Step 3: The radio frequency signal passes through the radio frequency front-end unit module, which modulates the radio frequency signal onto a high-frequency carrier signal (such as millimeter wave) and outputs it to the antenna unit.

[0068] Step 4: After receiving the high-frequency carrier signal, the antenna unit transmits the signal according to the test requirements.

[0069] Step 5: The high-frequency carrier signal enters the space channel simulator (downlink channel) to complete the anti-interference processing of the downlink signal. For example, the modulation adopts high-order modulation (such as 256QAM) to improve the spectral efficiency, and the path loss and Doppler frequency shift of the high-frequency carrier signal in the space channel are processed.

[0070] Step 6: After passing through the space channel simulator, the high-frequency carrier signal is finally received by the antenna unit of the 5G terminal protocol simulator, and then the antenna unit transmits the high-frequency carrier signal to the radio frequency front-end unit module.

[0071] Step 7: While amplifying the received signal, the RF front-end unit module also converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0072] Step 8: After receiving the signal from the RF front-end unit module, the FPGA coprocessing unit module needs to use the powerful FPGA function to complete the signal processing, including: synchronization / equalization (compensating for Doppler effect and multipath delay); signal demodulation, i.e., extracting baseband signal; signal deinterleaving / descrambling (restoring the original data order); channel decoding, i.e., error correction and outputting RF signal data.

[0073] Step 9: Display and analyze the test results through the host computer of the 5G terminal protocol simulator to complete a closed-loop simulation test process for a complete downlink workflow.

[0074] The modules in the above steps are all commonly used designs on the market, and current products can implement the corresponding designs, such as signal analysis, digital-to-analog conversion and corresponding signal processing. These are all existing designs, and this application will not discuss them in detail.

[0075] This application designs an end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator, including a base station protocol simulator, a space channel simulator, and a 5G terminal protocol simulator. The base station protocol simulator generates a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits it to the space channel simulator. The space channel simulator performs anti-interference processing on the high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the processed high-frequency carrier signal to the 5G terminal protocol simulator. The 5G terminal protocol simulator receives the processed high-frequency carrier signal and analyzes and displays it. Through the above modular design, the connection verification between satellite and terrestrial 5G networks can be achieved with high performance using the base station protocol simulator, the space channel simulator, and the 5G terminal protocol simulator, thereby solving the protocol adaptation problem of satellite-terrestrial convergence and verifying the communication reliability under complex channels.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, this utility model can have various modifications and variations. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, integrations, and parameter alterations made to these embodiments within the spirit and principles of this utility model, through conventional substitutions or methods that achieve the same function without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on a 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator, characterized in that, This includes base station protocol simulators, space channel simulators, and 5G terminal protocol simulators; The base station protocol simulator generates a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits the high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator; The space channel simulator performs anti-interference processing on the high-frequency carrier signal process and transmits the processed high-frequency carrier signal to the 5G terminal protocol simulator. The 5G terminal protocol simulator receives the processed high-frequency carrier signal and analyzes and displays the processed high-frequency carrier signal.

2. The end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on the 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base station protocol simulator includes: a host computer, a coprocessing unit module, a radio frequency front-end unit module, and an antenna unit; The host computer is used to generate simulation parameters and set scene test setting instructions, and sends the simulation parameters and scene test setting instructions to the coprocessing unit module; The coprocessing unit module generates radio frequency signals based on simulation parameters and scenario test setting instructions, and transmits the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency front-end unit module; The radio frequency front-end unit module modulates the received radio frequency signal into a high-frequency carrier signal and transmits it to the antenna unit; The antenna unit transmits the received high-frequency carrier signal to the space channel simulator.

3. The end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on the 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The 5G terminal protocol simulator includes a host computer, a coprocessing unit module, a radio frequency front-end unit module, and an antenna unit. The antenna unit is used to receive the high-frequency carrier signal processed by the space channel simulator and transmit the received high-frequency carrier signal to the radio frequency front-end unit module. The radio frequency front-end unit module converts the received high-frequency carrier signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the coprocessing unit module; The coprocessing unit module receives digital signals, processes the digital signals to output radio frequency signal data, and then transmits the radio frequency signal data to the host computer. The host computer performs simulation structure analysis and processing on the radio frequency signal data, and then displays the results.

4. The end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on the 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The 5G terminal protocol simulator and the base station protocol simulator have the same hardware architecture.

5. The end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on the 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end unit module includes a signal receiving module, a signal transmitting module, and an analog-to-digital conversion module; The signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module are respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module; The signal receiving module and the signal transmitting module are both connected to the antenna unit. The analog-to-digital conversion module and the coprocessing unit module are connected.

6. The end-to-end satellite communication network topology system based on the 5G-NTN protocol prototype simulator according to claim 5, characterized in that, A signal amplifier is also provided between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the coprocessing unit module.

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