Vehicle camera, vehicle and welding device
By using defocus welding with a conical hole and a conical platform and scanning with a polarizing mirror, the problems of complexity and high cost of automotive camera welding equipment have been solved, achieving efficient and low-cost welding results and meeting the IP68 level sealing requirements.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SZ ZHUOYU TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing welding equipment for vehicle cameras is complex, difficult to adjust, has low processing efficiency and high cost, and the welding effect is not ideal, making it difficult to meet the IP68 level of waterproof and dustproof requirements.
The defocus welding method, which combines a conical hole with a conical pedestal, and uses a polarizing mirror to scan the welding trajectory, simplifies the equipment structure, improves processing efficiency and assembly accuracy, and ensures welding sealing.
It achieves efficient and low-cost welding, with weld sealing reaching IP68 level, reducing reflection loss and porosity, and improving welding strength and precision.
Smart Images
Figure CN224503431U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle-mounted component technology, specifically to a vehicle-mounted camera, a vehicle, and welding equipment. Background Technology
[0002] The waterproof and dustproof properties of the front and rear housings of automotive camera sensors, as well as their connection reliability, are crucial to autonomous driving systems, directly affecting the accuracy of environmental perception, system safety, and long-term stability.
[0003] Currently, most automotive cameras on the market are required to meet the IP68 waterproof and dustproof standard. This means that the camera must be able to prevent internal components from being contaminated in environments such as rain, snow, sand, and mud, and must also be able to withstand continuous immersion in water at a depth of more than 1 meter (usually for more than 30 minutes) without water intrusion. This requires automotive cameras to have high sealing performance to prevent fogging or dust accumulation on the lens due to sealing failure, thereby ensuring the functional safety and feasibility of autonomous driving.
[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, the housing of existing vehicle cameras is generally formed by laser welding the front module 1 (front cover) and the rear module 3 (rear cover). The first laser weld seam m is formed between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 by laser welding to ensure the sealing of the connection between the front module 1 and the rear module 3.
[0005] Existing in-vehicle cameras used for intelligent driving typically employ traditional laser welding processes to connect and seal the front and rear covers.
[0006] For example, the connection between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 of the vehicle camera can be achieved by vertical or horizontal laser welding. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagram schematically illustrates the connection between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 of an automotive camera using vertical laser welding. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the rear module 3 is placed on the fixture 4, with the front module 1 and rear module 3 arranged vertically, their end faces touching. A front pressure block 2 can be installed on the front module 1 as needed. The laser head 5 emits light horizontally. For example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The diagram schematically illustrates the connection between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 of an automotive camera achieved through horizontal laser welding. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the rear module 3 is placed on the fixture 4, and the front module 1 and the rear module 3 are arranged in the horizontal direction, with the end faces of the front module 1 and the rear module 3 in contact. The front module 1 can be equipped with a front pressure block 2 as needed. The laser head 5 emits light in the vertical direction.
[0007] Combination Figure 3 andFigure 5 As shown, when using vertical or horizontal laser welding, the front module 1 and rear module 3 of the vehicle-mounted camera are carried by a fixture and rotated in a circular motion with the center point of the camera as the reference; the laser head 5 reciprocates along the X direction during vertical laser welding (along the Y direction during horizontal welding); the reciprocating motion and the rotational motion are linked to enable the laser head 5 to run along the laser head motion trajectory A to achieve welding.
[0008] However, when using vertical or horizontal laser welding, the welding equipment needs to achieve the linkage of rotation and reciprocating motion, making the welding equipment complex and difficult to adjust. Furthermore, since the vehicle-mounted camera is approximately square in shape and has rounded corners at its four corners, the laser head 5 needs to move along an approximately square track while also ensuring that it can move along the rounded corners to ensure that the focal length of the laser spot reaches the surface of the vehicle-mounted camera's housing. However, the welding effect at the rounded corners is usually not ideal or is relatively poor.
[0009] For example, the connection between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 of the vehicle camera is achieved by welding the front and rear covers together in a straight-deep configuration. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diagram schematically illustrates the connection between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 of the vehicle-mounted camera via a direct-deep front and rear cover matching welding method. This welding method requires one of the front module 1 and the rear module 3 (taking the front module 1 as an example) to have a first countersunk hole 101 with a first opening 102, and the other (taking the rear module 3 as an example) to be fitted into the first countersunk hole 101 through the first opening 102. In this case, the laser head 5 only needs to weld the outer periphery of the rear module 3 to the inner wall of the first countersunk hole 101 of the front module 1.
[0010] However, when using the direct-deep front and rear cover matching welding method, the fitting accuracy requirements between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 are high. Generally, CNC precision machining is required to ensure the fitting accuracy, resulting in low processing efficiency and high processing cost. However, since the vehicle camera is approximately square in shape and has rounded corners at the four corners, it is difficult to make the fitting gap between the front module 1 and the rear module 3 uniform, resulting in poor welding effect. In addition, this welding method is difficult to achieve deep penetration welding, resulting in poor welding strength and welding sealing performance.
[0011] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a vehicle-mounted camera with high processing efficiency, low processing cost and / or good sealing performance. Utility Model Content
[0012] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle-mounted camera is provided.
[0013] The vehicle-mounted camera includes a front cover and a rear cover; one of the front cover and the rear cover is provided with a conical hole with an opening, and the other is provided with a conical platform that fits the conical hole; the front cover and the rear cover are connected by welding the conical platform to the surface of the conical hole through defocus welding.
[0014] Because the front and rear covers are fitted with a conical hole and a conical truncated cone, precise positioning of both is ensured while reducing the requirements for machining accuracy. The front and rear covers of this application can be manufactured even without CNC precision machining, resulting in high processing efficiency and low processing costs. Simultaneously, the conical hole and truncated cone assembly facilitates automated assembly, improving assembly efficiency and reducing assembly costs. Furthermore, the front and rear covers are welded to the surfaces of the conical truncated cone and the conical hole via defocus welding. The uniform gap promotes stable flow of molten metal, forming a continuous, non-porous weld, reducing porosity and spatter, controlling weld penetration consistency, improving weld morphology, and achieving a leakage rate of up to 10%. -3 Pa·m 3 / s.
[0015] In some implementations, the front and rear covers are made of aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy front and rear covers are connected by defocus welding, which can expand the light spot, prolong the metal absorption time, and reduce reflection loss.
[0016] In some embodiments, the fitting gap between the front cover and the rear cover ranges from 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm. This allows the laser energy to be concentrated on the seam area, reducing scattering losses (energy loss is approximately 30% when the gap is >0.15 mm) and preventing material extrusion deformation caused by interference fit (interference >0.05 mm easily induces cracks).
[0017] In some embodiments, at least one of the front and rear covers is made of 1-series aluminum, 3-series aluminum, 5-series aluminum, ADC12, or ADC10. Using 1-series aluminum ensures the electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and weldability of the front and rear covers; using 3-series aluminum provides excellent rust resistance, weldability, and plasticity; using 5-series aluminum ensures corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance; using ADC10 provides good mechanical properties and machinability; and using ADC12 facilitates the fabrication of thin-walled structures for the front and rear covers while maintaining high structural strength.
[0018] In some implementations, the front and rear covers are connected by negative defocus welding. This allows the welding focus to be located below the rear cover (e.g., the laser focus is offset to 0.1mm–0.3mm below the surface of the underlying material), utilizing the surface tension of the molten pool to bridge the gap, achieving deep welding, improving welding efficiency and strength, expanding the welding area, and reducing porosity and spatter while achieving deep internal welding between the front and rear covers, thus improving weld smoothness. This method is particularly suitable for laser welding of front and rear covers made of aluminum alloy, as negative defocusing can enlarge the laser spot, reduce reflectivity sensitivity, and improve energy absorption rate.
[0019] In some embodiments, the welding trajectory of the front and rear covers is scanned using a polarizing mirror. Thus, by employing a laser with its own polarizing mirror to scan the welding path, and dynamically adjusting the welding path by online detection of the weld position (accuracy ±0.02mm) using a laser vision sensor, the requirements for camera fixture rotation and laser head reciprocating linkage are eliminated. This simplifies welding fixtures and equipment while improving welding accuracy, simplifying machine setup, and reducing welding costs. Furthermore, it avoids poor weld quality at rounded corners. The weld path in this application can vary depending on the product. When an IP68 waterproof and dustproof standard is required, the entire circumference of the front and rear covers is welded. When welding an in-vehicle camera, since the waterproof standard only needs to reach IP52, only the four corners of the front and rear covers need to be welded. The weld can be arc-shaped, a straight line, or other shapes; the laser polarizing mirror can achieve complex curve scanning.
[0020] According to another aspect of this utility model, a vehicle is provided that includes the aforementioned vehicle-mounted camera. This ensures the welding performance and sealing of the vehicle-mounted camera.
[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a welding device is provided, comprising a laser head for welding the aforementioned vehicle-mounted camera.
[0022] In some implementations, when the front and rear covers are defocused and welded, the angle between the laser head's emission angle and the camera's central axis ranges from 0° to 5°. Because the laser head's emission angle has a certain angle (not zero) with the camera's central axis, the laser can intersect with both the rear and front covers, thus ensuring a good welding effect even without requiring extremely high precision. Furthermore, if the front and rear covers are made of aluminum alloy, the laser's penetration depth is not high; using the aforementioned angle range ensures that the laser's intersection with the front cover is not too far below its intersection with the rear cover, guaranteeing a good welding effect.
[0023] In some implementations, when the front cover and rear cover are defocused welded, the offset distance W between the intersection point of the laser head's emission center line and the surface of the rear cover relative to the edge line of the rear cover ranges from 0 to 0.5 mm. Because the intersection point of the laser head's emission center line and the surface of the rear cover is offset by a certain distance relative to the edge line of the rear cover, a good welding effect can be ensured even without very high precision between the front cover and the rear cover.
[0024] In some implementations, when the front cover and rear cover are defocused welded, the back focal distance H of the laser ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5mm. Since the laser penetration depth is not high when the front cover and rear cover are made of aluminum alloy, this back focal distance ensures that the intersection point of the laser with the front cover is not too far below the intersection point with the rear cover, thus guaranteeing a better welding effect. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-vehicle camera in the prior art;
[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a vertical laser welding process for an in-vehicle camera.
[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another perspective on vertical laser welding of the vehicle-mounted camera shown.
[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a horizontal laser welding process for a vehicle-mounted camera.
[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another perspective on the horizontal laser welding of the vehicle-mounted camera shown.
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laser welding of the front and rear covers of a vehicle-mounted camera according to an embodiment of this application.
[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic of the laser welding matching of the front and rear covers of the vehicle-mounted camera.
[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-mounted camera according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8 An exploded view of the vehicle-mounted camera shown.
[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for scanning welding trajectories using a polarizing mirror.
[0035] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0036] Figure 12 This is a welding device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram from one angle during the welding of the vehicle-mounted camera of this utility model;
[0038] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the defocus welding of the vehicle-mounted camera along the BB direction.
[0039] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the defocus welding structure of the vehicle-mounted camera shown.
[0040] Figure 16 for Figure 15 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the defocus welding structure of the vehicle-mounted camera shown.
[0041] Reference numerals: 1. Front module; 101. First countersunk hole; 102. First opening; 2. Front pressure block; 3. Rear module; 4. Fixture; 5. Laser head; m. First laser weld; A. Laser head movement trajectory; 11. Front cover; 111. Conical hole; 112. Opening; n. Second laser weld; 12. Rear cover; 121. Frustum; 13. PCBA board; 14. UV adhesive; 15. Lens; α. Central axis of camera; b. Focal point; 20. Vehicle camera; 30. Vehicle; 41. Base; 42. First motion mechanism; 43. Second motion mechanism; 44. Third motion mechanism; 451. Welding torch; 452. Welding wire; 51. Laser component signal line; 52. Main body of laser scanning and tracking device; 53. Laser emitter; 54. Laser receiver; 55. Polarizing filter. Detailed Implementation
[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.
[0043] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" or "including" include not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terminology used herein is generally that commonly used by those skilled in the art; in case of any discrepancy with commonly used terminology, the terminology used herein shall prevail.
[0044] Furthermore, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or component and another (or other) element or component as shown in the figure. In addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device during use or operation. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptors used herein can be interpreted accordingly.
[0045] In this paper, the term "defocus welding" refers to the process of intentionally deflecting the laser focus away from the workpiece surface by a specific distance, utilizing the laser energy distribution characteristics in the defocused state to achieve better welding results. Its core lies in controlling the spot size and energy density by adjusting the defocus distance, thereby optimizing the penetration depth, weld morphology, and heat-affected zone.
[0046] In this article, the term "1-series aluminum" refers to pure aluminum with an aluminum content of ≥99%.
[0047] In this article, the term "3-series aluminum" refers to aluminum alloys (i.e., aluminum-manganese alloys) with manganese as the main alloying element, and a manganese content of 1.0% to 1.5%.
[0048] In this article, the term "5-series aluminum" refers to aluminum alloys (i.e., aluminum-magnesium alloys) with magnesium as the main alloying element, containing 3.0% to 5.0% magnesium.
[0049] In this paper, the terms "ADC10" and "ADC12" refer to Al-Si-Cu die-cast aluminum alloys; ADC10 has a silicon content of 7.5% to 9.5% and a copper content of 2.0% to 4.0%; ADC12 has a silicon content of 9.6% to 12.0% and a copper content of 1.5% to 3.5%.
[0050] In this article, the term "back focal distance of the laser" refers to the vertical distance between the point where the laser intersects the surface of the back cover and the point where the laser intersects the surface of the front cover.
[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0052] Figure 8 to Figure 9 The vehicle-mounted camera 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.
[0053] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the vehicle-mounted camera 20 includes a front cover 11 and a rear cover 12; one of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 is provided with a conical hole 111 having an opening 112, and the other is provided with a cone 121 adapted to the conical hole 111; the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are connected by welding the surface of the cone 121 to the conical hole 111 through defocus welding. Since the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are fitted with the conical hole 111 and the conical platform 121, both precise positioning of the two can be guaranteed, and the requirements for machining accuracy can be reduced. Even without CNC precision machining, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 of this application can be manufactured, resulting in high machining efficiency and low machining cost. At the same time, the assembly of the conical hole 111 and the conical platform 121 facilitates automated assembly, improving assembly efficiency and reducing assembly costs. Furthermore, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are welded to the surfaces of the conical platform 121 and the conical hole 111 through defocus welding. The uniform gap promotes stable flow of molten metal, forming a continuous, non-porous weld, reducing porosity and spatter, controlling the consistency of weld penetration, improving weld morphology, and achieving a leakage rate of up to 10%. -3 Pa·m 3 / s. The defocus welding in this application can adopt the defocus welding technology commonly used in the prior art, and this application does not limit the specific implementation method of defocus welding.
[0054] In some implementations, such as Figure 9 As shown, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 together form an accommodating space for accommodating the PCBA board 13; the lens 15 is sealed and mounted on the front cover 11 with UV glue.
[0055] In some embodiments, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are made of aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are connected by defocus welding, which can expand the light spot, prolong the metal absorption time, and reduce reflection loss through negative defocus.
[0056] In some embodiments, at least one of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 is made of 1-series aluminum, 3-series aluminum, 5-series aluminum, ADC12, or ADC10. Using 1-series aluminum ensures the electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and weldability of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12; using 3-series aluminum provides excellent rust resistance, weldability, and plasticity; using 5-series aluminum ensures corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance; using ADC10 provides good mechanical properties and machinability; and using ADC12 facilitates the fabrication of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 into a thin-walled structure while maintaining high structural strength.
[0057] In some embodiments, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are connected by negative defocus welding. For example, combined with... Figure 16 As shown, the welding focal point b can be located below the back cover (the laser welding focal point b needs to be offset 0.1mm to 0.3mm below the surface of the lower material). By utilizing the surface tension of the molten pool to cross the gap, deep welding can be achieved, improving welding efficiency and strength, and expanding the welding area. While achieving deep penetration welding between the front cover 11 and the back cover 12, the generation of porosity and spatter is reduced, and the weld smoothness is improved. It is particularly suitable for laser welding of the front cover 11 and the back cover 12 made of aluminum alloy. By using negative defocus, the spot size can be enlarged, the reflectivity sensitivity can be reduced, and the energy absorption rate can be improved.
[0058] In some embodiments, the gap between the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 is precisely controlled to be 0.08mm to 0.12mm, so that the laser energy is concentrated on the joint area, which can reduce scattering loss (energy loss is about 30% when the gap is >0.15mm) and avoid material extrusion deformation caused by interference fit (interference >0.05mm can easily induce cracks).
[0059] In some embodiments, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are scanned using a polarizing mirror to achieve welding trajectory scanning. For example... Figure 10As shown, the laser beam in the welding head of the welding equipment is refracted by a first polarizing mirror and a second polarizing mirror before being emitted, thereby achieving welding trajectory scanning. The welding trajectory scanning scheme achieved by the polarizing mirror in this application can adopt commonly used schemes in the prior art, and this application does not limit the specific implementation scheme of welding trajectory scanning using polarizing mirrors. Therefore, by using a laser with its own polarizing mirror to achieve welding path scanning, and dynamically adjusting the welding path by online detection of the position of the second laser weld seam n (accuracy ±0.02mm) by a laser vision sensor, the requirements for rotation of the camera fixture 4 and reciprocating linkage of the laser head 5 are eliminated, simplifying the welding fixture while improving welding accuracy and reducing welding costs; moreover, it can improve the R-angle welding effect. The weld path of this application can vary depending on the product. When the waterproof and dustproof standard needs to reach IP68 level, the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are welded around the entire circumference. When welding the in-vehicle camera, since the waterproof standard of the in-vehicle camera only needs to reach IP52 level, it is only necessary to weld the weld at the four corners of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12. The weld can be arc-shaped, straight, or other shapes. The laser polarizing mirror can realize complex curve scanning.
[0060] Figure 11 The diagram schematically illustrates a vehicle 30 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle 30 includes the aforementioned vehicle-mounted camera 20. This ensures the weldability and sealing of the vehicle-mounted camera 20.
[0061] Figure 12 to Figure 16 The diagram schematically illustrates a welding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The welding apparatus includes a laser head 5 for welding the aforementioned vehicle-mounted camera 20. Generally, the welding apparatus also includes a clamp, which can be, for example, the clamp 4 used in the prior art, or other clamps or positioning mechanisms, as long as they can clamp the laser head 5 and the vehicle-mounted camera 20 or achieve positioning of the laser head 5 and the vehicle-mounted camera 20. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the clamp or positioning mechanism.
[0062] like Figure 12 As shown, the welding equipment includes a base 41, a first motion mechanism 42 movably mounted on the base 41, a second motion mechanism 43 movably mounted on the first motion mechanism 42, a third motion mechanism 44 movably mounted on the second motion mechanism 43, a welding torch 451, a welding wire 452, and a laser head 5 mounted on the third motion mechanism 44. The welding torch 451 is used to heat the welding wire 452. The laser head 5 includes a laser component signal line 51, a laser scanning and tracking device body 52, a laser emitter 53, a laser receiver 54, and a polarizing filter 55. When this welding equipment is used to weld a vehicle-mounted camera, it can be followed... Figure 13 to Figure 16The laser head 5 is positioned relative to the vehicle-mounted camera in the manner shown, maintaining a certain angle γ between the laser head 5's light emission angle and the camera's central axis α, and ensuring that the intersection point of the laser head 5's light emission center line β and the surface of the rear cover 12 is offset by a certain distance relative to the edge line of the rear cover 12, with the laser having a certain back focal distance. Therefore, a good welding effect can be ensured even without extremely high precision between the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12.
[0063] In other implementations, the first motion mechanism 42, the second motion mechanism 43, and the third motion mechanism 44 can also be replaced by grippers. That is, the welding equipment includes a base 41, grippers, and a welding torch 451, welding wire 452, and laser head 5 mounted on the grippers. The grippers can be grippers commonly used in the prior art that can open and close to clamp items when closed. The light emission angle of the laser head 5 relative to the camera can be adjusted by adjusting the placement position of the base 41 or the installation position of the grippers. Preferably, the grippers are grippers that can adjust the grippers relative to the base 41. For example, the grippers have a rotation mechanism that can rotate and lock relative to the base. Such a rotation mechanism can be implemented, for example, by using a pivot shaft and a locking screw. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the rotation mechanism.
[0064] In some implementations, such as Figure 16 As shown, when the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are defocused welded, the angle between the laser's emission angle and the central axis α of the camera ranges from 0° to 5°. Since the emission angle of the laser head 5 has a certain angle γ (not zero) with the central axis α of the camera, the laser can intersect with both the surface of the rear cover 12 and the surface of the front cover 11. Therefore, the precision of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 does not need to be too high to ensure a good welding effect. Furthermore, since the laser's penetration depth is not high when the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are made of aluminum alloy, the aforementioned angle range ensures that the intersection point of the laser with the front cover 11 is not too far below the intersection point with the rear cover 12, thus ensuring a good welding effect.
[0065] In some implementations, such as Figure 16 As shown, when the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are defocused welded, the value of the offset distance W between the intersection point of the laser beam centerline β and the surface of the rear cover 12 and the edge line of the rear cover 12 is in the range of 0 to 0.5 mm. Since the intersection point of the laser beam centerline β and the surface of the rear cover 12 is offset by a certain distance relative to the edge line of the rear cover 12, the precision of the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 does not need to be too high to ensure a good welding effect.
[0066] In some implementations, such as Figure 16As shown, when the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are defocused welded, the back focal distance H of the laser ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5mm. Therefore, even when the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 are made of aluminum alloy and the laser penetration depth is not high, using this back focal distance ensures that the intersection point of the laser with the front cover 11 is not too far below the intersection point with the rear cover 12, thus guaranteeing a better welding effect.
[0067] In this invention, the connection or installation is a fixed connection unless otherwise specified. A fixed connection can be implemented as a detachable or non-detachable connection commonly used in the prior art. A detachable connection can be implemented using existing technologies, such as threaded connections or keyed connections. A non-detachable connection can also be implemented using existing technologies, such as welding or adhesive bonding.
[0068] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. Vehicle-mounted camera, characterized in that, Includes a front cover (11) and a rear cover (12); One of the front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) is provided with a conical hole (111) having an opening (112), and the other is provided with a truncated cone (121) adapted to the conical hole (111); The front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are connected by defocus welding, which welds the surface of the cone (121) to the conical hole (111).
2. The vehicle-mounted camera according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are made of aluminum alloy; and / or, The fitting gap between the front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) is in the range of 0.08mm to 0.12mm.
3. The vehicle-mounted camera according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one of the front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) is 1-series aluminum, 3-series aluminum, 5-series aluminum, ADC12 or ADC10.
4. The vehicle-mounted camera according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are connected by negative defocus welding.
5. The vehicle-mounted camera according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are scanned for welding trajectory using a polarizing mirror.
6. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the vehicle-mounted camera as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A welding device, characterized in that, It includes a laser head (5) for welding the vehicle camera as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. The welding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are defocused, the angle between the light emission angle of the laser head (5) and the central axis (α) of the camera ranges from 0° to 5°.
9. The welding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are defocused welded, the value range of the offset distance W between the intersection of the center line of the laser head (5) and the surface of the rear cover (12) and the edge line of the rear cover (12) is 0 to 0.5 mm.
10. The welding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the front cover (11) and the rear cover (12) are defocused welded, the value of the back focal distance H of the laser ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.